Overview

Xylitol is a natural sugar alcohol found in plants, including many fruits and vegetables. It has a sweet taste and is often used as a sugar substitute.

Xylitol tastes sweet but, unlike sugar, it doesn't cause tooth decay. It reduces levels of decay-causing bacteria in saliva and also acts against some bacteria that cause ear infections. It's widely used in "sugar-free" chewing gums, mints, and other candies.

In the US, products that contain xylitol are allowed to state that they reduce the risk for cavities. People also use xylitol to prevent tooth plaque, ear infection, dry mouth, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.

Xylitol can be toxic to dogs. If your dog eats a product that contains xylitol, take them to a veterinarian immediately.



Uses & Effectiveness

Likely Effective for

  • Cavities. Using xylitol-containing products in the mouth, such as chewing gum, candies, and toothpaste, reduces the risk for cavities in adults and children 5 years and older. It's unclear if it helps prevent cavities in children younger than 5 years old.

Possibly Effective for

  • Ear infection (otitis media). Giving xylitol-containing products such as a chewing gum, lozenges, or syrups daily after meals to preschool children seems to reduce the risk for ear infections. But giving xylitol right after a respiratory infection has started doesn't seem to prevent ear infections.

There is interest in using xylitol for a number of other purposes, but there isn't enough reliable information to say whether it might be helpful.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: Xylitol is commonly consumed in foods. It is possibly safe when used in chewing gums, candies, lozenges, toothpastes, and mouth rinses in amounts up to about 50 grams daily. It might cause diarrhea and gas in some people.

Taking high doses of xylitol is possibly unsafe. Using very high doses long-term might cause tumors.

When used as a rinse in the nose: Xylitol is possibly safe when mixed in water to clear the sinuses.

Special Precautions and Warnings

When taken by mouth: Xylitol is commonly consumed in foods. It is possibly safe when used in chewing gums, candies, lozenges, toothpastes, and mouth rinses in amounts up to about 50 grams daily. It might cause diarrhea and gas in some people.

Taking high doses of xylitol is possibly unsafe. Using very high doses long-term might cause tumors.

When used as a rinse in the nose: Xylitol is possibly safe when mixed in water to clear the sinuses.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Xylitol is commonly consumed in foods. There isn't enough reliable information to know if xylitol is safe to use as medicine when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and stick to food amounts.

Children: Xylitol is possibly safe when taken by mouth in amounts up to 20 grams daily for up to three years.

Heart disease: High levels of xylitol in the blood might increase the risk of a heart or blood vessel problem like a heart attack or stroke. But there isn't enough reliable information to say whether eating more xylitol increases the risk of heart or blood vessel problems.

Interactions

We currently have no information for Xylitol overview.

Dosing

Xylitol is available in many different types of products, including chewing gum, lozenges, mouth rinses, dental wipes, toothpastes, and nasal irrigation solutions. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what type of product and dose might be best for a specific condition.
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CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

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