THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE - LECTURE NOTES FOR REFERENCE

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE - LECTURE NOTES FOR REFERENCE

• 1.
  THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE SEM-II,I YEAR B.ARCH MSAJAA, 2013-2014
• 2.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE • FUNDAMENTAL PURPOSE OF ARCHITECTURE: – INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURING – IDENTIFICATION OF PLACE. • ELEMENTS OF DESIGN: – POINT – LINE – PLANE – SHAPE – SIZE – COLOUR – TEXTURE – VALUE
• 3.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE ARE CONDITIONS WITHIN WHICH IT OPERATES. INCLUDES: • GROUND – DATUM TO WHICH THE PRODUCTS OF ARCHITECTURE RELATE. • SPACE ABOVE – MEDIUM THAT ARCHITECTURE MOULDS INTO PLACES • GRAVITY – WHICH HOLDS THINGS DOWN. • LIGHT – HELPS TO SEE THINGS. • TIME – ARCHITECTURE CANNOT BE EXPERIENCED AS A WHOLE AT ONE TIME – DRAMA/ EXPERIENCE.
• 4.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 1. DEFINED AREA OF GROUND: • MOST FUNDAMENTAL • MAYBE A CLEARING IN THE FOREST OR A FOOTBALL FIELD. • MAYBE SMALL OR LARGE • MAYBE LEVEL OR UNEVEN. • MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE A DEFINED BOUNDARY.
• 5.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 2. RAISED PLATFORM: • HORIZONTAL SURFACE LIFTED ABOVE THE NATURAL GROUND. • MAYBE HIGH OR LOW. • MAYBE LARGE LIKE TERRACES OR MEDIUM LIKE TABLE OR ALTAR OR SMALL LIKE STEPS OR SHELF.
• 6.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 3. SUNKEN/ LOWERED AREA/ PIT: • HORIZONTAL SURFACE EXCAVATED BELOW THE NATURAL GROUND. • MAYBE SHALLOW OR DEEP. • MAYBE A GRAVE OR A TRAP OR BASEMENT I.E. FOR DWELLING PURPOSES. • MAYBE USED FOR RECREATION PURPOSES LIKE SUNKEN GARDEN OR SWIMMING POOL, ETC.
• 7.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 4. MARKER: • IDENTIFIES A PARTICULAR PLACE IN THE MOST BASIC WAY. • DOES SO BY OCCUPYING THE SPOT AND STANDING OUT FROM THE SURROUNDINGS. • MAYBE A POLE PLANTED IN THE SAND, A STANDING STATUE OR A TOMBSTONE OR A FLAG ON A GOLF COURSE, MAYBE A CHURCH STEEPLE OR MULTI-STOREYED OFFICE BLOCK.
• 8.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 5. FOCUS: • ANY ELEMENT UPON WHICH ATTENTION IS BROUGHT TO BEAR. • MAYBE A FIRE PLACE, ALTAR, A THRONE, A WORK OF ART OR EVEN A DISTANT MOUNTAIN.
• 9.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 6. BARRIER: • ANY ELEMENT THAT DIVIDES ONE PLACE FROM ANOTHER. • COULD BE A WALL OR A FENCE OR A MOAT OR DYKE OR A VISUAL BARRIER LIKE A LINE ON THE FLOOR.
• 10.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 7. ROOF OR CANOPY: • ANY ELEMENT THAT DIVIDES THE PLACE FROM THE FORCES OF THE SKY – SUN/ RAIN, ETC. • INDIRECTLY, IMPLIES A DEFINED AREA OF GROUND BENEATH IT. • MAYBE SMALL – BEAM OVER A DOORWAY OR LARGE – VAULT OVER A FOOTBALL STADIUM. • REQUIRES SUPPORT DUE TO GRAVITY – WALLS/ COLUMNS.
• 11.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: TO SUM UP:- 1. DEFINED AREA OF GROUND. 2. RAISED PLATFORM 3. SUNKEN/ LOWERED AREA/ PIT 4. MARKER 5. FOCUS 6. BARRIER 7. ROOF OR CANOPY
• 12.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE OTHER ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 1. PATH: • A ROUTE OR PLACE ALONG WHICH ONE MOVES. • MAYBE STRAIGHT OR IRREGULAR SHAPE ACROSS THE GROUND TO AVOID OBSTACLES. • MAY ALSO BE A BRIDGE ACROSS A GAP OR INCLINED AS A RAMP.
• 13.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE OTHER ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: 2. OPENINGS: • DOORWAYS – A PORTAL THROUGH WHICH ONE MAY PHYSICALLY PASS THROUGH A BARRIER FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER. • WINDOWS – A PORTAL THROUGH WHICH VISION IS PASSED BUT PHYSICAL MOVEMENT IS RESTRICTED. ALLOWS PASSAGE OF LIGHT AND AIR. •GLASS WALL – RESTRICTS PHYSICAL MOVEMENT BUT ALLOWS PASSAGE OF VISION. • SUSPENSION ROD/ CABLES – WHICH SUPPORT A BRIDGE/ PLATFORM OR ROOF.
• 14.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE OTHER ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: DOORWAYS SUSPENSION ROD/ CABLES WINDOWS GLASS WALL
• 15.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE COMBINED ELEMENTS: BASIC ELEMENTS CAN BE COMBINED TO CREATE RUDIMENTARY ARCHITECTURAL FORMS: • ENCLOSURES – CAN BE CREATED FROM A COMBINATION OF BARRIERS – HAS A WALL AROUND IT. • CELL – FLOOR, WALLS AND ROOF CREATE A CELL OR ROOM, SEPARATING A SPACE FROM EVERYWHERE ELSE AND MAKING IT A PLACE. • AEDICULE – ROOF SUPPORTED BY COLUMNS – FUNDAMENTAL ARCHITECTURAL FORM. • STAIRS – ARRANGEMENT OF A SERIES OF SMALL PLATFORMS AT AN ANGLE. • SHELF – ARRANGEMENT OF A SERIES OF SMALL PALTFORMS IN A LINEAR MANNER.
• 16.
  COMBINED ELEMENTS: UNIT 4– ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE SHELF STAIRS ENCLOSURE CELL AEDICULE
• 17.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE RAISED PLATFORM FOR EXAMPLE – A GREEK TEMPLE USES THESE BASIC ELEMENTS IN A CLEAR AND DIRECT WAY TO IDENTIFY THE PLACE OF A GOD. WALLS COLUMNS ROOF DOORWAY ALTAR
• 18.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE • BLDG STANDS ON PLATFORM. • WALLS DEFINE A CELL. • COLUMNS SURROUND THE WALLS. • WALLS AND COLUMNS SUPPORT ROOF. • CELL IS ENTERED THROUGH A DOORWAY – DIRECT RELATIONSHIP TO STATUE. • WHOLE TEMPLE ON TOP OF A HILL BECOMES A MARKER. THIS COMPOSITION OF BASIC ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENSTS ORGANIZES THE SPACE AND DEFINES ONE’S EXPERIENCE OF THE TEMPLE.
• 19.
  UNIT 4 –ANALYZING ARCHITECTURE SWIMMING POOL AT BAGGY HOUSE IN CORNWALL, UK – DESIGNED BY ARCHITECTS HUDSON FEATHERSTONE. • PIT • WALL • PATHWAYS • BRIDGE • STEPS