INTRODUCTION-TO-DATA-COMMUNICATIONS-NETWORKING.pptx

INTRODUCTION-TO-DATA-COMMUNICATIONS-NETWORKING.pptx

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  DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING Welcometo presenters by; nel, gerald, precious and khim
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  SON 1: Introductionto Data Communications & Networking LESSON 2: Network Topologies LESSON 3: Local Area Network LESSON 4: Wide Area Network LESSON 5: Network Hardware LESSON 6: Network software
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  INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATIONS& NETWORKING lesson 1 presented by nel
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  Connect Beyond Boundaries: Whatis Data Communications? Data communication is the process of transferring digital data between two or more devices via a transmission medium, following a set of rules called protocols transmission medium: (wire/cable/radio waves)
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  IMPORTANCE OF DATA COMMUNICATION •Used in business, science, education, and daily life • Enables rapid decision-making • Supports global connectivity • Foundation of the Internet and modern communication systems
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  Characteristics of an EffectiveCommunication System DELIVERY The system must deliver data to the correct destination. Data must be received by the intended device or user and only by that device or user. ACCURACY The system must deliver the data accuracy. Data that have been altered in transmission and left uncorrected are unusable. The system must deliver data in a timely manner. Data delivered late are useless. In the case of video and audio, timely delivery means delivering data as they are produced, in the same order that they are produced, and without significant delay. This kind of delivery is called real-time transmission. TIMELINESS JITTER It refers to the variation in the packet arrival time. It is the uneven delay in the delivery of audio or video packets. For example, let us assume that video packets are sent every 30 ms. If some of the packets arrive with 30-ms delay and others with 40-ms delay, an uneven quality in the video is the result.
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  Components of Data Communication Message.The message is the information (data) to be communicated. Popular forms of information include text, numbers, pictures, audio, and video. Sender. The sender is the device that sends the data message. It can be a computer, workstation, telephone handset, video camera, and so on. Receiver. The receiver is the device that receives the message. It can be a computer, workstation, telephone handset, television, and so on
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  Components of Data Communication Transmissionmedium. The transmission medium is the physical path by which a message travels from sender to receiver. Some examples of transmission media include twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, and radio waves. Protocols. A protocol is a set of rules that govern data communications. It represents an agreement between the communicating devices. Without a protocol, two devices may be connected but not communicating, just as a person speaking French cannot be understood by a person who speaks only Japanese.
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  Data Flow Types insimplex mode, it was One-way communication. Only one of the two devices on a link can transmit; the other can only receive Example: keyboard monitor, FM station radio, tv → → station television → Blockchain and NFTs 3D Modeling and Rendering what is data flow? • Communication between two devices can be simplex, half-duplex, or fullduplex. 1.) Simplex Mode 2.) Duplex Mode 3.) Full Duplex Mode Simplex Mode In half-duplex mode, each station can both transmit and receive, but not at the same time. When one device is sending, the other can only receive, and vice versa Example: walkie-talkie Half-Duplex Mode
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  In full-duplex mode(also called duplex), both stations can transmit and receive simultaneously. The full- duplex mode is like a two-way street with traffic flowing in both directions at the same time. Example: telephone call Blockchain and NFTs 3D Modeling and Rendering what is data flow? • Communication between two devices can be simplex, half-duplex, or fullduplex. Full-Duplex Mode
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  A network isa collection of connected devices (often referred as nodes) that can send and receive data. Examples: computers, printers, servers, phones. What Is a Network? -Network models serve to organize, unify, and control the hardware and software components of data communications and networking. lesson 1.2 What Is a Network Models?
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  fACTS: what are thetwo dominant networking models? The OSI model is a 7-layer conceptual framework for understanding network communication, while the TCP/IP model is a 4-layer practical model that the internet is built on
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  HISTORY: OSI MODEL • 1970s:Development of the model began. • 1984: The OSI model was formally published as an international standard (ISO). TCP/IP MODEL • 1970s: TCP/IP was developed to connect networks, with Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn designing the initial version in 1973. • 1983: The TCP/IP protocol suite was adopted as the standard for ARPANET, the predecessor to the modern internet.
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  Network Criteria. LESSON 1.3 WHATIS NETWORK CRITERIA? A network must be able to meet a certain number of criteria. The most important of these are performance, reliability, and security.
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  . Performance • Measured bytransit time & response time • Transit time is the amount of time required for a message to travel from one device to another. • Response time is the elapsed time between an inquiry and a response. Uses metrics: throughput (higher is better), delay (lower is better) Performance depends on: • Number of users • Type of transmission medium • Hardware capability • Software efficiency
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  Reliability • network reliabilityis measured by the frequency of failure, the time it takes a link to recover from a failure, and the network’s robustness in a catastrophe/disasters Security • Protection from unauthorized access • Preventing data damage or loss • Policies for recovery
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  Why Networking Matters TODAY? Enablessharing of files, resources, and internet Speeds up communication globally Essential for businesses and organizations Required knowledge for modern professionals