Basic introduction on data communication

Basic introduction on data communication

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  DATA COMMUNICATION
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   A Computernetwork is a number if computers interconnected by one or more transmission paths.  The transmission path often is the telephone line, due to its convenience and universal preserve.
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  DATA COMMUNICATION  DataCommunication is the exchange of data (in the form of O’s and 1s) between two devices via some form of transmission medium (such as a wire cable).
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  TYPES OF DATACOMMUNICATION Data Communication is considered  Local – if the communicating device are in the same building.  Remote – if the device are farther apart.
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  THE DIFFERENCE BETWEENDATA AND INFORMATION  Data: is a representation of facts, concepts and instructions presented in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by human beings or by automatic means.  Information: is currently assigned to data by means by the conventions applied to those data.
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  FUNDAMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DATACOMMUNICATION The effectiveness of a data communication system depends on three characteristics.  Delivery: The system must deliver data to the correct destination.  Accuracy: The system must deliver data accurately.  Timeliness: The system must deliver data in a timely manner.  Jitter : Jitter refers to the variation in packet arrival time.
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  COMPONENTS OF DATA COMMUNICATION
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  FIVE COMPONENT OFDATA COMMUNICATION
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  THE MESSAGE  Thisis the information (Data)to be communicated; it may be an image, text, number, Audio, or Video.
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  THE SENDER The senderis device or person that sends the data. It can be sent using a computer, telephone, or camera.
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  THE RECEIVER  Thereceiver is device or person that receives the data. It can be received whether by using a telephone, computer, television.
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  TRANSMISSION MEDIA  Thephysical path by which massage travel from source to destination(sender to receiver) example –twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optic, radio waves.
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  PROTOCOL  A protocolis set of rules that govern data communication.  It provide agreement between sender and receiver devices
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  DATA FLOW 1. Simplex: Communication is unidirectional i.e. TV signal 2. Half Duplex : Either direction but only one way at a time i.e. waki toki 3. Full Duplex : Both direction at same time. i.e. Phone
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  IN DATA COMMUNICATIONFOUR BASIC TERMS ARE FREQUENTLY USED In data communication four basic terms are frequently used. They are:  Data : A collection of facts in raw forms that become information after processing.  Signals : Electric or electromagnetic encoding of data.  Signaling : Propagation of signals across a communication medium. Transmission : Communication of data achieved by the processing of signals.
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