https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/ Archaeology news. Articles on ancient Egypt, ancient Rome, ancient Greece and other civilizations. en-us Tue, 04 Nov 2025 21:47:57 EST Tue, 04 Nov 2025 21:47:57 EST 60 https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/scidaily-logo-rss.png https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/ For more science news, visit ScienceDaily. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251104094150.htm After the collapse of the Chalcolithic culture around 3500 BCE, people in Jordan’s Murayghat transformed their way of life, shifting from domestic settlements to ritual landscapes filled with dolmens, standing stones, and megalithic monuments. Archaeologists from the University of Copenhagen believe these changes reflected a creative social response to climate and societal upheaval. Tue, 04 Nov 2025 10:32:20 EST https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251104094150.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251104094133.htm Researchers uncovered a 2.75–2.44 million-year-old site in Kenya showing that early humans maintained stone tool traditions for nearly 300,000 years despite extreme climate swings. The tools, remarkably consistent across generations, helped our ancestors adapt and survive. The discovery reshapes our understanding of how early technology anchored human evolution. Tue, 04 Nov 2025 09:41:33 EST https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251104094133.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251102011141.htm The debate over Nanotyrannus’ identity is finally over. A remarkably preserved fossil proves it was a mature species, not a teenage T. rex. This discovery rewrites how scientists understand tyrannosaur evolution and Cretaceous predator diversity. For the first time, T. rex must share its throne with a smaller, faster rival. Sun, 02 Nov 2025 03:26:27 EST https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251102011141.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251101000412.htm For decades, Paranthropus robustus has intrigued scientists as a powerful, big-jawed cousin of early humans. Now, thanks to ancient protein analysis, researchers have cracked open new secrets hidden in 2-million-year-old tooth enamel. These proteins revealed both sex and subtle genetic differences among fossils, suggesting Paranthropus might not have been one species but a more complex evolutionary mix. Sat, 01 Nov 2025 05:21:59 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251101000412.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251029100152.htm UCL scientists found that human skulls evolved much faster than those of other apes, reflecting the powerful forces driving our brain growth and facial flattening. By comparing 3D models of ape skulls, they showed that humans changed about twice as much as expected. The findings suggest that both cognitive and social factors, not just intelligence, influenced our evolutionary path. Wed, 29 Oct 2025 11:55:32 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251029100152.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251027224852.htm Researchers have uncovered dozens of long-misidentified coelacanth fossils in British museums, some overlooked for more than a century. The study reveals that these ancient “living fossils” thrived in tropical seas during the Triassic Period, around 200 million years ago. By re-examining mislabeled bones and using X-ray scans, scientists discovered a once-flourishing community of coelacanths that hunted smaller marine reptiles. Fri, 31 Oct 2025 11:20:18 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251027224852.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251027023809.htm New research shows that the rise of Sumer was deeply tied to the tidal and sedimentary dynamics of ancient Mesopotamia. Early communities harnessed predictable tides for irrigation, but when deltas cut off the Gulf’s tides, they faced crisis and reinvented their society. This interplay of environment and culture shaped Sumer’s myths, politics, and innovations, marking the dawn of civilization. Mon, 27 Oct 2025 02:38:09 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251027023809.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251026021740.htm New research shows that hippos lived in central Europe tens of thousands of years longer than previously thought. Ancient DNA and radiocarbon dating confirm they survived in Germany’s Upper Rhine Graben during a milder Ice Age phase. Closely related to modern African hippos, they shared the landscape with cold-adapted giants like mammoths. The finding rewrites Ice Age history and suggests regional climates were far more diverse. Sun, 26 Oct 2025 08:29:01 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251026021740.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251026021732.htm Dinosaurs weren’t dying out before the asteroid hit—they were thriving in vibrant, diverse habitats across North America. Fossil evidence from New Mexico shows that distinct “bioprovinces” of dinosaurs existed until the very end. Their extinction was sudden, not gradual, and the recovery of life afterward mirrored climate-driven patterns. It’s a powerful reminder of life’s adaptability and fragility. Sun, 26 Oct 2025 11:05:11 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251026021732.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251026021727.htm Researchers have uncovered microbial evidence in the remains of Napoleon’s soldiers from the 1812 Russian retreat. Genetic analysis revealed pathogens behind paratyphoid and relapsing fever, diseases likely contributing to the army’s massive losses. Using advanced DNA sequencing, the team pieced together centuries-old infection clues, connecting historical accounts with modern science. Their work redefines our understanding of how disease shaped history’s most infamous retreat. Sun, 26 Oct 2025 04:36:13 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251026021727.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251024041828.htm Scientists have unveiled Khankhuuluu, a new Mongolian dinosaur species that predates and closely resembles early Tyrannosaurs. With its long snout, small horns, and lean build, it represents a transitional form between swift mid-sized predators and giant apex hunters like T. rex. The find also suggests that large Tyrannosaurs first evolved in North America following an ancient migration from Asia. Fri, 24 Oct 2025 10:01:07 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251024041828.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251015230952.htm Long before humans built cities or wrote words, our ancestors may have faced a hidden threat that shaped who we became. Scientists studying ancient teeth found that early humans, great apes, and even Neanderthals were exposed to lead millions of years ago. This toxic metal can damage the brain, yet modern humans developed a tiny genetic change that protected our minds and allowed language and intelligence to flourish. Thu, 16 Oct 2025 10:31:28 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251015230952.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251012054612.htm Researchers in Italy discovered 400,000-year-old evidence that ancient humans butchered elephants for food and tools. At the Casal Lumbroso site near Rome, they found hundreds of bones and stone implements, many showing impact marks from butchery. The findings reveal a consistent prehistoric strategy for resource use during warmer Middle Pleistocene periods. Sun, 12 Oct 2025 23:24:35 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251012054612.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251011105529.htm New research along Turkey’s Ayvalık coast reveals a once-submerged land bridge that may have helped early humans cross from Anatolia into Europe. Archaeologists uncovered 138 Paleolithic tools across 10 sites, indicating the region was a crucial migration corridor during the Ice Age. The findings challenge traditional migration theories centered on the Balkans and Levant, suggesting instead that humans used now-vanished pathways across the Aegean. Sun, 12 Oct 2025 09:04:36 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251011105529.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251011105524.htm Researchers have unearthed South America’s first amber deposits containing ancient insects in an Ecuadorian quarry, offering a rare 112-million-year-old glimpse into life on the supercontinent Gondwana. The amber, found in the Hollín Formation, preserved a diverse range of insect species and plant material, revealing a humid, resin-rich forest teeming with life. Sat, 11 Oct 2025 11:33:09 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251011105524.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251010091557.htm Archaeologists in Saudi Arabia discovered over 170 ancient rock engravings that may be among the earliest monumental artworks in the region. Created between 12,800 and 11,400 years ago, the massive figures were carved when water and life returned to the desert. The art likely marked territories and migration routes, revealing social and symbolic sophistication. Artifacts found nearby show early Arabian peoples connected to distant Neolithic communities. Fri, 10 Oct 2025 09:15:57 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251010091557.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251008030938.htm Researchers confirmed that Rapa Nui’s moai statues could “walk” upright using a rocking motion, aided by rope and just a few people. Experiments with replicas and 3D models revealed design features like a forward lean and curved bases that made movement possible. Concave roads across the island further supported this transport method. The findings celebrate the innovation and intelligence of the ancient islanders. Wed, 08 Oct 2025 03:09:38 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251008030938.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251006051107.htm A sweeping new geoarchaeological study has revealed how Egypt’s famed Karnak Temple complex rose from an island amid Nile floods to become one of the ancient world’s most enduring sacred centers. By analyzing sediments and pottery fragments, researchers traced its transformation across three millennia and uncovered evidence that its placement may have mirrored the ancient Egyptian creation myth—where the first land emerged from primeval waters. Mon, 06 Oct 2025 05:11:07 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251006051107.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251004092907.htm Researchers in Alberta uncovered a fossil fish that rewrites the evolutionary history of otophysans, which today dominate freshwater ecosystems. The new species, Acronichthys maccognoi, shows early adaptations for its unusual hearing system. Evidence suggests otophysans moved from oceans to rivers more than once, leaving scientists puzzled about their ancient global journeys. Sat, 04 Oct 2025 09:29:07 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251004092907.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251002074013.htm A strange Jurassic lizard discovered on Scotland’s Isle of Skye is shaking up what we know about snake evolution. Named Breugnathair elgolensis, the “false snake of Elgol” combined hook-like, python-style teeth and jaws with the short body and limbs of a lizard. Researchers spent nearly a decade studying the 167-million-year-old fossil, revealing that it belonged to a newly defined group of squamates and carried features of both snakes and geckos. Thu, 02 Oct 2025 07:40:13 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251002074013.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250928095639.htm Scientists have named a new ichthyosaur, Eurhinosaurus mistelgauensis, from fossils found in Mistelgau, Germany. The marine reptile had a dramatic overbite similar to swordfish and unique skeletal traits that set it apart from other species. The discovery underscores Mistelgau’s global significance as a Jurassic fossil site, with more studies underway to uncover how these animals lived and thrived. Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:02:48 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250928095639.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250927031245.htm Ancient copper smelters may have accidentally set the stage for the Iron Age. At a 3,000-year-old workshop in Georgia, researchers discovered that metalworkers were using iron oxide not to smelt iron but to improve copper yields. This experimentation shows how curiosity with materials could have sparked one of history’s greatest technological leaps, turning iron from a rare celestial metal into the backbone of empires and industry. Sun, 28 Sep 2025 09:45:34 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250927031245.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250926035054.htm Scientists reclassified a long-misunderstood fossil from Brazil as a new genus, Franscinella riograndensis. Using advanced microscopy, they discovered spores preserved in situ—a rare find that links fossil plants to microfossil records. The breakthrough reshapes knowledge of Permian ecosystems and highlights the power of revisiting classic fossils with new tools. Sat, 27 Sep 2025 02:58:01 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250926035054.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250924012246.htm Æthelstan, crowned in 925, was the first true king of England but remains overshadowed by Alfred the Great and later rulers. A new biography highlights his military triumphs, legal innovations, and cultural patronage that shaped England’s identity. From the decisive Battle of Brunanburh to his reforms in governance and learning, Æthelstan’s legacy is finally being revived after centuries of neglect. Wed, 24 Sep 2025 11:12:27 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250924012246.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250923021153.htm A 95-million-year-old crocodyliform fossil, affectionately nicknamed Elton, was discovered in Montana by student Harrison Allen. Unlike most crocs, it lived on land and ate a varied diet. The find led to the naming of a new species, Thikarisuchus xenodentes, offering insights into croc evolution and burrow-based fossil preservation. For Allen, it was a life-changing project that launched him into a career in paleontology. Tue, 23 Sep 2025 08:10:35 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250923021153.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250921090857.htm More than a century after its discovery, a mysterious fossil from South Wales has finally been confirmed as belonging to a new species of predatory dinosaur. Using cutting-edge digital scanning, researchers reconstructed the long-lost jawbone, revealing unique features that warranted a new name: Newtonsaurus. Mon, 22 Sep 2025 02:19:01 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250921090857.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250920214301.htm A newly discovered fossil in Mongolia’s Gobi Desert has revealed the oldest and most complete pachycephalosaur ever found, offering a rare glimpse into the early evolution of these dome-headed dinosaurs. Named Zavacephale rinpoche, or “precious one,” this juvenile specimen dates back 108 million years, pushing the group’s fossil record back by 15 million years. Sat, 20 Sep 2025 23:27:09 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250920214301.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250919085232.htm From the wreck of the royal Danish-Norwegian flagship Gribshunden, archaeologists have uncovered a rare glimpse into the naval power of the late Middle Ages. This warship, lost in 1495, carried an arsenal of small guns designed for close-range combat, symbolizing the technological leap that allowed European nations to dominate the seas. More than just a vessel, it served as King Hans’ floating castle, projecting both diplomatic influence and military might. Fri, 19 Sep 2025 20:06:01 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250919085232.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250914205853.htm On remote islands of Papua New Guinea, people carry a story that ties us all back to our deepest roots. Although their striking appearance once puzzled scientists, new genetic evidence shows they share a common ancestry with other Asians, shaped by isolation, adaptation, and even interbreeding with mysterious Denisovans. Yet, their unique history — marked by survival bottlenecks and separation from farming-driven booms — leaves open questions about the earliest migrations out of Africa and whether their lineage holds traces of a forgotten branch of humanity. Mon, 15 Sep 2025 08:38:14 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250914205853.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250913232940.htm By analyzing tooth enamel chemistry, scientists uncovered proof that Jurassic dinosaurs divided up their meals in surprising ways—some choosing buds and leaves, others woody bark, and still others a mixed menu. This dietary diversity helped massive plant-eaters coexist, while predators carved out their own niches. Sun, 14 Sep 2025 11:20:39 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250913232940.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250911073143.htm Archaeologists studying the vast Zvejnieki cemetery in Latvia have uncovered surprising truths about Stone Age life. Stone tools, long thought to symbolize male hunters, were actually buried just as often with women, children, and elders. Some were deliberately crafted and broken as part of funerary rituals, revealing a symbolic and emotional dimension to these objects. The research overturns stereotypes about gender roles in prehistory and shows how simple tools carried profound meaning in life and death. Thu, 11 Sep 2025 20:57:06 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250911073143.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250911073141.htm Dating dinosaur eggs has always been tricky because traditional methods rely on surrounding rocks or minerals that may have shifted over time. Now, for the first time, scientists have directly dated dinosaur eggs by firing lasers at tiny eggshell fragments. The technique revealed that fossils in central China are about 85 million years old, placing them in the late Cretaceous period. This breakthrough not only sharpens our timeline of dinosaur history but also offers fresh clues about ancient populations and the climate they lived in. Thu, 11 Sep 2025 20:14:29 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250911073141.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250910000305.htm A groundbreaking discovery on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi reveals that early hominins crossed treacherous seas over a million years ago, leaving behind stone tools that reshape our understanding of ancient migration. These findings, older than previous evidence in the region, highlight Sulawesi as a critical piece of the puzzle in human evolution. Yet, the absence of fossils keeps the identity of these tool-makers shrouded in mystery, sparking new questions about whether they were Homo erectus and how isolation on a massive island might have influenced their evolution. Wed, 10 Sep 2025 19:42:12 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250910000305.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250907172638.htm Sauropod tooth scratches reveal that some dinosaurs migrated seasonally, others ate a wide variety of plants, and climate strongly shaped their diets. Tanzania’s sand-blasted vegetation left especially heavy wear, offering rare insights into ancient ecosystems. Sun, 07 Sep 2025 17:26:38 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250907172638.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250905180737.htm Two tiny pterosaurs, preserved for 150 million years, have revealed a surprising cause of death: violent storms. Researchers at the University of Leicester discovered both hatchlings, nicknamed Lucky and Lucky II, with broken wings—injuries consistent with being tossed through the air by powerful gusts. These storms not only claimed their lives but also created the rare conditions that preserved them so perfectly in the Solnhofen limestones. Fri, 05 Sep 2025 22:56:23 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250905180737.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250905112303.htm Scientists have uncovered microbial DNA preserved in mammoth remains dating back more than one million years, revealing the oldest host-associated microbial DNA ever recovered. By sequencing nearly 500 specimens, the team identified ancient bacterial lineages—including some linked to modern elephant diseases—that coexisted with mammoths for hundreds of thousands of years. These discoveries shed light on the deep evolutionary history of microbes, their role in megafaunal health, and how they may have influenced adaptation and extinction. Fri, 05 Sep 2025 12:33:02 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250905112303.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250901104652.htm Fossilized bones in Brazil reveal that deadly infections plagued sauropods 80 million years ago. Researchers uncovered unhealed lesions consistent with osteomyelitis, pointing to pathogens spread through stagnant waters or insect bites. Mon, 01 Sep 2025 10:46:52 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250901104652.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250829022840.htm Scientists have identified a new giant lizard, Bolg amondol, from Utah’s Kaiparowits Formation, named after Tolkien’s goblin prince. Part of the monstersaur lineage, Bolg reveals that multiple large lizards coexisted with dinosaurs, suggesting a thriving ecosystem. Its discovery in long-stored fossils underscores how museums hold hidden scientific gems. Fri, 29 Aug 2025 10:44:02 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250829022840.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250828002417.htm Spicomellus afer, a newly analyzed Jurassic ankylosaur from Morocco, is overturning scientists’ understanding of dinosaur evolution. Unlike any other known creature, it carried a collar of meter-long spikes fused directly to its ribs, along with an early form of tail weaponry that predates similar adaptations by over 30 million years. These bizarre features suggest its armor may have been used for show as well as protection, before shifting toward defense in later ankylosaurs. Sat, 30 Aug 2025 11:19:40 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250828002417.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250828002415.htm Scientists have finally uncovered direct genetic evidence of Yersinia pestis — the bacterium behind the Plague of Justinian — in a mass grave in Jerash, Jordan. This long-sought discovery resolves a centuries-old debate, confirming that the plague that devastated the Byzantine Empire truly was caused by the same pathogen behind later outbreaks like the Black Death. Sat, 30 Aug 2025 04:47:37 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250828002415.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250828002409.htm Seventy million years ago, southern Patagonia was home to dinosaurs, turtles, and mammals—but also to a fierce crocodile-like predator. A newly discovered fossil, astonishingly well-preserved, reveals Kostensuchus atrox, a powerful 3.5-meter-long apex predator with crushing jaws and sharp teeth capable of devouring medium-sized dinosaurs. As one of the largest hunters of its time and the first of its kind found in the Chorrillo Formation, this find offers rare insight into the prehistoric ecosystem at the close of the Cretaceous. Fri, 29 Aug 2025 10:26:42 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250828002409.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250825015709.htm A stunning discovery in North Greenland has reclassified strange squid-like fossils, revealing that nectocaridids were not early cephalopods but ancestors of arrow worms. Preserved nervous systems and unique anatomical features provided the breakthrough, showing these creatures once ruled as stealthy predators of the Cambrian seas. With complex eyes, streamlined bodies, and evidence of prey in their stomachs, they reveal a surprising past where arrow worms were far more fearsome than their modern descendants. Mon, 25 Aug 2025 11:14:39 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250825015709.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250825015703.htm A chance glance at a museum display has led to the first-ever discovery of an ichthyosaur fossil in western Japan, dating back around 220 million years. Initially mistaken for a common bivalve fossil, the specimen was revealed to contain 21 bone fragments, including ribs and vertebrae, belonging to a rare Late Triassic ichthyosaur. Experts say this find could reshape understanding of ichthyosaur evolution and their ability to cross the vast Panthalassic Ocean. Mon, 25 Aug 2025 23:17:34 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250825015703.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250824031540.htm Ancient humans crossing the Bering Strait into the Americas carried more than tools and determination—they also carried a genetic legacy from Denisovans, an extinct human relative. A new study reveals that a mysterious gene called MUC19, inherited through interbreeding between Denisovans, Neanderthals, and humans, may have played a vital role in helping early Americans survive new diseases, foods, and environments. Sun, 24 Aug 2025 03:15:40 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250824031540.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250824031538.htm Scientists have discovered that a gene called MUC19, inherited from Denisovans through ancient interbreeding, may have played a vital role in helping Indigenous ancestors adapt as they migrated into the Americas. Found at unusually high frequencies in both modern and ancient populations, the gene likely provided immune advantages against new pathogens. This research highlights how archaic DNA, passed through both Denisovans and Neanderthals, enriched human genetic diversity in ways that still shape us today. Sun, 24 Aug 2025 11:11:07 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250824031538.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250821094509.htm Fossils unearthed in Ethiopia are reshaping our view of human evolution. Instead of a straight march from ape-like ancestors to modern humans, researchers now see a tangled, branching tree with multiple species coexisting. Newly discovered teeth reveal a previously unknown species of Australopithecus that lived alongside some of the earliest Homo specimens nearly 2.8 million years ago. This suggests that nature tested multiple versions of “being human” before our lineage endured. Wed, 27 Aug 2025 23:58:13 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250821094509.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250821094506.htm In the deserts of Ethiopia, scientists uncovered fossils showing that early members of our genus Homo lived side by side with a newly identified species of Australopithecus nearly three million years ago. These finds challenge the old idea of a straight evolutionary ladder, revealing instead a tangled web of ancient relatives. Thu, 21 Aug 2025 21:33:39 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250821094506.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250821094434.htm Scientists have uncovered the world s earliest fossil showing both Neanderthal and Homo sapiens features: a five-year-old child from Israel s Skhul Cave dating back 140,000 years. This discovery pushes back the timeline of human interbreeding, proving that Neanderthals and modern humans were already mixing long before Europe s later encounters. Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:44:34 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250821094434.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250814094654.htm Chemical evidence from a stalagmite in Mexico has revealed that the Classic Maya civilization’s decline coincided with repeated severe wet-season droughts, including one that lasted 13 years. These prolonged droughts corresponded with halted monument construction and political disruption at key Maya sites, suggesting that climate stress played a major role in the collapse. The findings demonstrate how stalagmites offer unmatched precision for linking environmental change to historical events. Sat, 16 Aug 2025 00:44:53 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250814094654.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250814090949.htm Denisovans, a mysterious human relative, left behind far more than a handful of fossils—they left genetic fingerprints in modern humans across the globe. Multiple interbreeding events with distinct Denisovan populations helped shape traits like high-altitude survival in Tibetans, cold-weather adaptation in Inuits, and enhanced immunity. Their influence spanned from Siberia to South America, and scientists are now uncovering how these genetic gifts transformed human evolution, even with such limited physical remains. Thu, 14 Aug 2025 09:37:39 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250814090949.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250813083632.htm A groundbreaking fossil discovery in the Grand Canyon has unveiled exquisitely preserved soft-bodied animals from the Cambrian period, offering an unprecedented glimpse into early life more than 500 million years ago. Researchers uncovered molluscs, crustaceans, and exotic worms with remarkable feeding adaptations, preserved in a nutrient-rich “Goldilocks zone” that fueled evolutionary experimentation. The find not only reveals the complexity of Cambrian ecosystems but also draws intriguing parallels between ancient biological innovation and modern economic risk-taking. Thu, 14 Aug 2025 08:14:30 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250813083632.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250812234534.htm An extraordinary fossil find along Victoria’s Surf Coast has revealed Janjucetus dullardi, a sharp-toothed, dolphin-sized predator that lived 26 million years ago. With large eyes, slicing teeth, and exceptional ear bone preservation, this early cousin of modern baleen whales offers unprecedented insight into their evolution. Wed, 13 Aug 2025 02:33:06 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250812234534.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250812234532.htm Advanced computer modeling suggests that by 2080, waves driven by sea level rise could flood Ahu Tongariki and up to 51 cultural treasures on Rapa Nui. The findings emphasize the urgent need for protective measures to preserve the island’s identity, traditions, and tourism economy. Wed, 13 Aug 2025 01:44:06 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250812234532.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250809100922.htm A fossilized Caribbean dirt ant, Basiceros enana, preserved in Dominican amber, reveals the species ancient range and overturns assumptions about its size evolution. Advanced imaging shows it already had the camouflage adaptations of modern relatives, offering new insights into extinction and survival strategies. Sat, 09 Aug 2025 10:09:22 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250809100922.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250809100919.htm Over 300 million years ago, Illinois teemed with life in tropical swamps and seas, now preserved at the famous Mazon Creek fossil site. Researchers from the University of Missouri and geologist Gordon Baird have reexamined a vast fossil collection, uncovering three distinct ancient environments—freshwater, transitional marine, and offshore—each with unique animal life. Their findings, enhanced by advanced imaging and data analysis, reveal how sea-level changes, sediment conditions, and microbial activity shaped fossil formation. Sat, 09 Aug 2025 11:23:15 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250809100919.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250809100916.htm The newly described Mirasaura grauvogeli from the Middle Triassic had a striking feather-like crest, hinting that complex skin appendages arose far earlier than previously believed. Its bird-like skull, tree-climbing adaptations, and pigment structures linked to feathers deepen the mystery of reptile evolution. Sat, 09 Aug 2025 11:15:10 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250809100916.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250805041614.htm Tyrannosaurus rex might be the most famous meat-eater of all time, but it turns out it wasn’t the only way to be a terrifying giant. New research shows that while T. rex evolved a skull designed for bone-crushing bites like a modern crocodile, other massive carnivorous dinosaurs like spinosaurs and allosaurs took a very different route — specializing in slashing and tearing flesh instead. Tue, 05 Aug 2025 09:41:46 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250805041614.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250804085310.htm A new long-necked marine reptile, Plesionectes longicollum, has been identified from a decades-old fossil found in Germany’s Posidonia Shale. The remarkably preserved specimen rewrites part of the Jurassic marine story, revealing unexpected diversity during a time of oceanic chaos. It is now the oldest known plesiosaur from Holzmaden. Mon, 04 Aug 2025 10:20:53 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250804085310.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250801020102.htm Scientists have discovered the oldest direct evidence of betel nut chewing in Southeast Asia by analyzing 4,000-year-old dental plaque from a burial in Thailand. This breakthrough method reveals invisible traces of ancient plant use, suggesting psychoactive rituals were part of daily life long before written records. Fri, 01 Aug 2025 03:12:17 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/08/250801020102.htm https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/07/250729001225.htm A fish thought to be evolution’s time capsule just surprised scientists. A detailed dissection of the coelacanth — a 400-million-year-old species often called a “living fossil” — revealed that key muscles believed to be part of early vertebrate evolution were actually misidentified ligaments. This means foundational assumptions about how vertebrates, including humans, evolved to eat and breathe may need to be rewritten. The discovery corrects decades of anatomical errors, reshapes the story of skull evolution, and brings unexpected insights into our own distant origins. Tue, 29 Jul 2025 10:46:23 EDT https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/07/250729001225.htm