ON THIS DAY - AUGUST 1
NATIONAL DAY OF SWITZERLAND
10BC: Roman Emperor Claudius I was born in Lyons.
1714: Queen Anne, the last Stuart sovereign, died aged 49, to be succeeded by George I under the Act of Settlement of 1701.
1778: The first savings bank opened, in Hamburg.
1798: The Battle of the Nile when Nelson beat the French fleet at Aboukir Bay.
1831: New London Bridge was opened by King William IV. It was sold to an American in 1968 and rebuilt in Arizona.
1834: Slavery was abolished in all British dominions.
1873: The Clay Street Hill Railroad, San Francisco's cable-powered street car system, began running.
1903: Martha Jane Cannary, better known as frontierswoman Calamity Jane, died near Deadwood, Dakota. Her final request was to be buried next to Wild Bill Hickok.
1932: The first Mars bar, made in Slough, went on sale.
1945: The Family Favourites record request programme began on the BBC.
2012: Rowers Helen Glover and Heather Stanning claimed Team GB's first gold medal of London 2012.
ON THIS DAY LAST YEAR: Downing Street revealed that Prime Minister David Cameron gave royal baby Prince George a box-set of books by much-loved children's author Roald Dahl.
