Event-Related Potentials

Analysis of brain signals and their properties provides valuable information regarding the underlying neural deficiencies and enables the diagnosis of attention bias related to public speaking anxiety (PSA). Although 25% people around the world suffer from PSA, currently, there exists a lack of standard assessment in diagnosing the severity of attention bias in individuals with PSA. This study aims to distinguish behavioral and neural abnormalities related to attentional bias during PSA by comparing reaction time (RT) and event-related potential (ERP) correlates of high (H) PSA and low (L) PSA individuals. 12 individuals suffering from HPSA and 12 individuals with LPSA participated in the modified emotional Stroop experiment. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded with the low cost, 14-channel Emotiv Epoc+. RT showed slower responses, linked to attentional deficits in HPSA individuals. ERP results revealed the P200 emotional Stroop biomarker, found to be linked to attentional bias in HPSA, but not in LPSA individuals. These results revealed significant RT and P200 ERP abnormalities related to attentional bias in HPSA individuals using the low cost Emotiv Epoc+.

Hyperlipidemia is a leading cause of obesity-related diseases in Africa particularly in Nigeria and efforts have been ongoing in reducing the prevalence through diet interventions by compositely combining plant materials from breadfruit flour (BF), Africa yam beans (AYB) flours and wheat bran (WB) and rice bran (RB). This study evaluates the modulatory effect of poundo-breadfruit meals (PBM) on Wistar rats fed with manipulated diets to induced obesity. The high 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and iron chelating activities observed in blends 70% BF, 25% AYB, 5% WB (BAW) and 70% BF, 20% AYB, 5% WB, 5% RB (BAWR) compared with a commercial sample, Poundo-yam flour (PYF), may help in increasing insulin secretions by combating oxidative stress, a major determinant in the development of type 2 diabetes. In addition, total cholesterol (⁓100 mg/dl), triglyceride (⁓50 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (⁓50 mg/dl) of Wistar rats fed on formulated diets particularly BAW and BAWR showed significant reductions while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (> 70 mg/dl) was raised in diabetic animals. The low serum lipid profile observed could be attributed to the antioxidant level in the formulated diets. Therefore, these novel products may help in the management of diabetes.

The essay addresses the trajectories of Rudi Guštin and his siblings Marija and Ferdinand, who migrated from the Julian March, a region with a sizable Slovene and Croat population that was annexed to Italy after World War I, to Argentina. While Rudi relocated first to Argentina, returned to Yugoslavia, and eventually remigrated to South America, his siblings settled in Argentina and retained regular contact with the family left behind. Drawing on personal correspondence, interviews and institutional documents, this essay examines Rudi's affection for Yugoslavia and the lack thereof in the case of his siblings. 'BROTHER RUDOLF, HE IS SO ENCHANTED BY [YUGOSLAVIA], that it does not make sense to discuss the matter with him. Let him do what he wants, we know his preaching by heart already.' 1 These are the words of Marija describing the attitude of her brother Rudolf-known as Dolfi at home and then Rudi in Argentina-before his departure for Yugoslavia in 1948. Like his siblings, sister Marija and brother Ferdinand, as well as many other Croat-and Slovene-speaking men and women from the Venezia Giulia/Julian March region, 2 annexed to Italy in the aftermath of World War I, Rudi Guštin left his native territory. Economic downturn and fascist repression were becoming burdensome, so he followed in the footsteps of his brother in relocating across the ocean to Argentina,

The present report is a trial to survey analysis and applications of brain oscillations in cognitive impairment for opening the way to a new take off in research on brain oscillation. Although the number of papers related to brain oscillations rapidly increases, it is important to indicate the common principles governing the functioning of brain oscillations in the brain and body. Research scientists need a global view on the types of analysis, applications and existing oscillations. Further, scientists dealing with brain oscillations must have some knowledge from theoretical physics, system theory, and also general philosophy. The neuroscientists working on brain oscillations can mentally integrate several papers in the present report, and try to discover new avenues to augment knowledge on brain functions. A new take off in the search of brain oscillations indicates the strong need to survey this brunch of neuroscience in a broad panoply of science.

Derrida claims that the 'provocation' of Deleuze's concept of 'transcendental stupidity' in Difference and Repetition consists in displacing Kant's mechanism of error. While error ratifies 'transcendental form' as a pregiven 'possibility', stupidity uproots that possibility from its 'usual territory'. Resisting subsumption under the 'table of categories', stupidity expresses the subversive capacity of a 'nonfaculty' -what Deleuze names 'the royal faculty'. Unlike error, stupidity is not an effect of faculty misuse, a misjudgement born of a failure to recognise reason's transcendental illusions. Rather, it marks the failure of reason itself as the principle governing the possibility of experience, thereby exposing thought to an 'act' beyond judgement and a priori conditioning: thought neither represents the act nor actualises a dormant possibility to act, but itself acts insofar as stupidity exhausts the possible. Against error's complicity with human supremacy -animals cannot err -stupidity moreover elevates thought to a superior animality: 'So, bêtise is a thought. Bêtise is thinking'. Thought does something only when it does something stupid: that 'inhuman' animality where it fails to think. Yet, for Derrida, Deleuze never develops this insight, because a residual Cartesianism bars actual animals from the abyssal, inhuman unconscious disclosed by the breakdown of Kantian conditioning. Human supremacy persists, not because animals cannot think or err, but because they cannot be stupid: the overman's animality remains a human privilege. Derrida further locates a striking anomaly in Difference and Repetition: precisely where stupidity appears, the unconscious (the death drive) abruptly vanishes. Deleuze thus reaches a performative impasse: in seeking to avoid reserving this inhuman unconscious for the human, he sacrifices the productive unconscious entirely. Interestingly, although Derrida treats this omission as an 'inconsistency', he maintains that any non-Cartesian rupture with error must abjure the death drive altogether. The problem, then, lies less in the omission itself than in its rationale: a symptom of Deleuze unconsciously neglecting the unconscious, betraying his failed attempt to efface the last refuge of anthropocentrism within the overman. Contra Derrida, however, we argue that Deleuze's genital thought qua death drive -a faculty born rather than given a priori -already operates by exhausting the possible (desexualisation, depotentialisation). Derrida's crucial observation regarding the death drive's withdrawal indexes instead the book's deeper compulsion to transport thought beyond its genitality. In fact, between genital thought and stupidity stretches a veritable mountain range: the Ideas. Stupidity arrives only after genital thought generates the Idea, initiating the individuation whereby something quite other than a 'vitalised' death drive emerges: thought's Artaudian moment of 'central collapse'. Against both philosophers, we suggest that stupidity, irreducible to genital thought, may open thought onto a capacity to think its failure to think, its impending central collapse. Perhaps Artaud conceals a darker secret, one that evades genital thought's affirmations: a death divergent from that articulated by the death drive, not the experience in which thought is death, but that in which thought itself dies. Neither the Derridean aporia (bêtise is thought and thinking) nor the Deleuzian cynicism ('playing the idiot'), but a thought thinking its own death.

This study proposes an ontological model aimed at explaining the emergence and transformation of existence. The proposed model argues that all organizations in the universe arise through a common cyclical process. From atoms to biological life, and from stars to galaxies, all structures emerge from a potential state, maintain their organization for a certain period, and eventually dissolve back into a fundamental reservoir of matter. This process is defined through the A-B-C-D cycle: Potential (A), Birth (B), Life (C), and Decomposition (D). When the cycle is completed, matter returns to potential and the emergence of new organizations becomes possible. The model also defines two different levels of time. The first is cosmic time, which emerges with the birth of the universe. The second is organizational time, which represents the lifespan of organized entities. For this reason, a multilayered structure of time exists in the universe, which may be described as "time within time." In this model, attractive forces constitute the fundamental mechanism through which organization emerges. At the cosmic scale this appears as gravity, while at the microscopic scale it appears as atomic bonding forces. The process is therefore not merely cyclical but can also be interpreted as a spiral form of evolutionary development. Keywords ontology existence cyclical universe time within time organization gravity
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19022401

Electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs) have been analyzed for more than 70 years. Yet, we know little about how practitioners visualize the results of their analyses. Here, we designed an online survey (n=213) targeting M/EEG practitioners from novice to expert level. Our primary goal is to better understand the visualization tools currently in use, the challenges researchers face, and their experiences and opinions on how best to display their brain data. Finally, we explored whether researchers are aware of more general visualization issues related to visualization of uncertainty and color maps. In this paper, we provide an overview of the most popular ERP visualization tools. Additionally, we found that the community does not have a unique nomenclature to refer to some plot types, and we propose a set of recommendations to name the most popular ERP plot types. Finally, we provide an analysis of practitioner feature preferences for software developers and conclude with further recommendations for ERP practitioners.

The purpose of this study was to determine local people's perceptions of the Omani traditional wedding; to analyze local people's point of view about the traditional wedding in Oman, and to formulate recommendations based on local people's perceptions about the Omani traditional wedding. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a quantitative research approach. The target population consisted of Omani residents aged 18 and above, including family members, relatives, friends, and neighbors, representing different regional and cultural backgrounds. A simple random sampling technique was used to collect primary data through online questionnaires from 172 participants. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. Findings: The results indicate significant preferences among Omanis for retaining traditional elements across wedding events. Food and dress consistently ranked highest in Al-Khutbah, Al-Thabat, Al-Huqq, Al-Mahwasha, and Al-Mulka. Traditional dress and music remained central during Al-Henna, while venue and decoration were most preferred in Al-Zaffah and Al-Tahweel. Modern influences-rising costs and social media-also significantly shape current wedding choices, reflecting a shift toward more practical and cost-conscious celebrations. Research Implications: The study contributes empirical evidence on how specific traditional components-food, dress, venue, and music-retain cultural significance across different Omani wedding stages. The findings provide insights for researchers examining cultural continuity, event management, and social change in Gulf societies. The results also offer a framework for future studies on modernization pressures and generational differences in the preservation of wedding traditions. Social Implications: The study highlights the ongoing importance of preserving Omani wedding customs while acknowledging shifting societal priorities such as affordability, simplicity, and digital influence. Understanding these preferences can assist policymakers, cultural institutions, and community leaders in designing initiatives that safeguard intangible heritage. The findings also encourage families and communities to balance cultural authenticity with sustainable practices that reduce financial burden on young couples. Originality / Value: This research is one of the few empirical studies assessing Omani wedding traditions across all key ceremonial stages using quantitative methods. By examining preferences for traditional elements and identifying the impact of rising costs and social media, the study provides new insights into how cultural practices evolve. The integration of event-specific components and modern influences offers a unique contribution to literature on Gulf cultural heritage and changing social norms.

This paper presents research of the possibilities of application deep neural networks in semantic analysis. This paper presents the current situation in this area and the prospects for application an artificial intelligence in se-mantic analysis and trend and tendencies of this science area. For better un-derstanding future tendencies of researches in semantical area we present detailed review of the studies in semantic analysis with using artificial intelligence, studies about a human brain. Keywords—Semantic Analysis, Deep Neural Networks, Forecasting, Processing of Nat-ural Language.