Chromium Reduction

This study was aimed to trace the possibility of differences in the use of social media amongyoung people in urban, suburban and rural areas, especially in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). Using a quantitative survey approach involving 150 respondents from the three regions, this study focused on a number of variables primarily related to socio-cultural background (residential areas), types of education, and use of social media. Several hypotheses presented in this study were tested using one-way analysis of variance test. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between the socio-cultural background and the type of social media used as seen in the ANOVA test result (F count = 5.678 > F table = 3.06). This meant that the environmental background had an impact on the use of social media types. However, from the background of theireducationtype, the ANOVA test result showed no significant difference among young people who were educated in religious, gener...

Krom (vl) merupakan logam berat beracun yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan hingga kematian. Bioremiddsering dijadikan alternatif dalam mengatasi masalah pencemaran lingkungan oleh Krom (Vl) secara mikrobiologis.penelitian -bertujuan untuk mendapatkan serta karakterllasi morfologi koloni dan sel bakteri indigenous pereduksi Krom (Vl) dari limbah ciLaboratorium Eiologi ulN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. lsolasi dilakukan menggunakan media Nutrient Agor (NA) yang mengandrryKzCroqo,2 ppm. lsolat yang diperoleh diuji ketahanannya terhadap rrom (vtfdengan konsentrasi 50, 150, 5oo, 1000, 1500 ppm, l*dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi koloni serta sel bakteri unggul toleran Krom (Vl). Hasil penelitian diperoleh 17 isolat murni bakterldan semuanya resisten terhadap Krom (Vl) o2 ppm. Lima isolat bakteri (Nak g, Nak 5, Nak 17, Nak 12, dan Nak 6) memiliki resisterdtertinggi terhadap Krom (Vl) hingga konsentrasi 1500 ppm. Kcloni kelima isolat tersebut berbentuk circulor/irregulor, beftgentire/...

a crucial role in water environmental chemistry due to their exceptional hydrolysis-resistant stability (Dong J-P et al. 2019; Li Q et al. 2022). Additionally, other MOFs such as MIL-101(Cr), noted for its outstanding surface area and chemical stability (Férey G et al. 2005), and HKUST-1 (Cu-BTC), widely recognized for its high porosity and promising catalytic applications (Chui SS et al. 1999), have also been explored in environmental remediation studies. According to recent research, dual-linkers have been identified as more stable and active catalytic systems due to enhanced light absorption and charge separation, which are so important for catalytic and photocatalytic processes. Dual-linker approaches work to regulate the electronic environment and increase defect density, thereby facilitating charge transfer and exposing more active sites. Despite this, their use under natural sunlight for treating multiple pollutants remains underexplored. This eco-friendly strategy advances the practical use of Zn-MOFs in sustainable water treatment systems (Zaamouchi I et al. 2024; Ainousah BE et al. 2023; Swain J et al. 2023). The use of natural sunlight irradiation as the energy source for reduction and degradation processes promotes environmental sustainability; however, its cost-effectiveness ultimately depends on the overall photocatalytic efficiency and system performance (Wang X et al. 2014, Wang Y et al. 2021). Hexavalent chromium Suresh D. Pawar

Tulisan tentang sejarah Islam Indonesia sebetulnya sudah banyak. Namun tema gerakan-gerakan sosial-keagamaan ini juga ikut berkontribusi dalam merekam peran umat Islam baik untuk cerminan masa lalu ataupun menata masa depan. Proklamator Indonesia Bung Karno juga mengatakan “jangan sekali-kali melupakan sejarah”. Oleh karena itu penting sejarah Indonesia ditulis oleh orang Indonesia sendiri. Penulisan sejarah dengan sudut pandang Indonesia sentris sudah lama dimulai, greget untuk maju harus terus ditingkatkan dan diwujudkan, sehingga melahirkan karya-karya baru. Hal ini akan mampu memupuk kesadaran sejarah Indonesia bagi generasi muda yang menjadi harapan masa depan. Penerus bangsa yang tidak tercerabut dari akar sejarahnya. Sebagai bentuk kepedulian Program Studi Sejarah dan Kebudayaan Islam (SKI) UIN Sunan Kalijaga, dengan ini kami menulis gerakan-gerakan Islam Indonesia modern dan kontemporer. Gerakan-gerakan itu telah berkontribusi signifikan dalam dinamika Islam Indonesia secara...

Perkembangan kehidupan masyarakat yang selalu mengalami perubahan seringkali mewujud tanpa dapat diprediksi sebelumnya, terutama dengan datangnya musibah atau bencana. Suatu bencana yang melanda secara global muncul adalah adanya wabah atau pandemic Covid-19, yang dampaknya menimbulkan jatuhnya korban jiwa manusia, dan pada gilirannya memaksa banyak sektor kehidupan manusia terbatasi dan bahkan terhenti; salah satunya adalah sektor pendidikan yang memberlakukan sistem belajar di rumah dengan model belajar online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana peran ajaran agama terhadap kesehatan mental mahasiswa Bimbingan KonselingIslam UIN sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta dalam menghadapi masa Pandemi Covid-19. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa BKI UINSunanKalijaga angkatan Tahun2019 sebanyak 5orang. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran atau fungsi agama terhadap kesehatan mental mahasiswa dalam menghadap ipembelajaran online di masa pandemic Covid-19. Pen...

Tulisan ini mengkaji dan menjelaskan konsep Ahl Al-Kitab, baik dari sisi pengertian, pemaknaan, penyebutan dalam Al-Qur'an dan as-Sunnah, penggunaannya dalam dunia akademik dan masyarakat umum, dan perkembangan pemaknaannya deawasa ini. Tulisan ini menjadi salah satu entry atau bagian yang dimuat dalam buku: "MENITI KALAM KERUKUNAN: Beberapa Istilah Kunci dalam Islam & Kristen" Jilid-2, yang diterbitkan oleh bpk gunung mulia bekerja sama dengan Dialogue Centre Program Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta dan Pusat Studi Agama-Agama Fakultas Teologi UKDW

isasi yang panjang melalui berbagai faktor, seperti ekonomi, perkawinan, budaya, serta dakwah Islam. Dalam proses dakwah Islam tidak dapat dimungkiri bahwa karya sastra merupakan wacana yang menjadi sarana efektif untuk menyampaikan pesan. Akan tetapi, wacana yang ditinggalkan oleh para tokoh saat itu menunjukkan fakta kultural dan sosial bahwa mereka tidak selalu berada dalam harmoni kehidupan beragama. Ketidakharmonisan ini bermula dari perbedaan pandangan Hamzah Fansuri dan Nuruddin Ar-Raniri dalam menjelaskan wujȗd Allah. Bagi Hamzah Fansuri yang merupakan penganut Wachdatul Wujȗd, Allah dapat berupa sesuatu apa pun. Sementara itu, yang tertera dalam karya-karya Nuruddin Ar-Raniri, pandangan yang demikian adalah sesat, salah, dan dhalâlah. Tibyân fî Maʻrifatil-Adyân, Chujjatush-Shiddîq li Dafʻiz-Zindîq, dan Fatchul-Mubîn ʻalâl-Mulchidîn merupakan tiga karya Nuruddin Ar-Raniri yang kuat menunjukkan penentangan keras. Analisis terhadap ketiga naskah tersebut mengedepankan (i) aspe...

Pada masyarakat yang telah mengenal tulisan, segala proses kehidupan yang dialami oleh masyarakat itu dituangkan dalam sejumlah karya tulis, di antaranya melalui karya sastra. Selain mencerminkan kehidupan zamannya, karya sastra juga memiliki berbagai fungsi seperti media sosialisasi dan media penyebaran misi. Meskipun demikian, karya sastra memiliki karakteristik tersendiri seperti bermedium bahasa ragam sastra, berdasarkan fakta-imajinatif, dan mengandung nilai-nilai universal.

Krom (vl) merupakan logam berat beracun yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan hingga kematian. Bioremiddsering dijadikan alternatif dalam mengatasi masalah pencemaran lingkungan oleh Krom (Vl) secara mikrobiologis.penelitian -bertujuan untuk mendapatkan serta karakterllasi morfologi koloni dan sel bakteri indigenous pereduksi Krom (Vl) dari limbah ciLaboratorium Eiologi ulN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. lsolasi dilakukan menggunakan media Nutrient Agor (NA) yang mengandrryKzCroqo,2 ppm. lsolat yang diperoleh diuji ketahanannya terhadap rrom (vtfdengan konsentrasi 50, 150, 5oo, 1000, 1500 ppm, l*dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi koloni serta sel bakteri unggul toleran Krom (Vl). Hasil penelitian diperoleh 17 isolat murni bakterldan semuanya resisten terhadap Krom (Vl) o2 ppm. Lima isolat bakteri (Nak g, Nak 5, Nak 17, Nak 12, dan Nak 6) memiliki resisterdtertinggi terhadap Krom (Vl) hingga konsentrasi 1500 ppm. Kcloni kelima isolat tersebut berbentuk circulor/irregulor, beftgentire/...

The vulnerable marine environment is polluted by various types of heavy metals due to human and natural activities. One of the marine biota sponges can carry out heavy metal adsorption functions, so the life of the sponge must be well maintained. The application of sponge micro symbiont adsorption method aims to reduce the toxicity of chromium metal. Absorption stage: culture isolates code Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Petrosia sponge (Strongylophore) Corticata symbionts, phenotypic and genotypic characterization, suspension symbionts were formed, interacted with 100 ppm of 1: 1 ratio chromium solution Interaction time variation 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 days, extracted. The remaining non-reduced chromium was analyzed using AAS. Observation of reduction, gas, pH, optical density parameters. The results of phenotypic characterization showed that 3 sponge symbiont isolates reacted with lactose, catalase, MR, VP and citrate. Genotypes of Pseudomonas stutzeri isolates, strain Sp1 are RCH2, Sp2 code SLG510A3-8...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

The bacterium MNU16 was isolated from contaminated soils of coal mine and subsequently screened for different plant growth promoting (PGP) activities. The isolate was further identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as Bacillus subtilis MNU16 with IAA concentration (56.95 ± 0.43 6μg/ml), siderophore unit (9.73 ± 2.05%), phosphate solubilization (285.13 ± 1.05 μg/ml) and ACC deaminase activity (116.79 ± 0.019 μmoles α-ketobutyrate/mg/24 h). Further, to evaluate the metal resistance profile of bacterium, the isolate was screened for multi-metal resistance (viz. 900 mg/L for Cr, 600 mg/L for As, 700 mg/L for Ni and 300 mg/L for Hg). Additionally, the resistance pattern of B. subtilis MNU16 against Cr(VI) (from 50 to 300 mg/L) treatments were evaluated. An enriched population was observed at 0-200 mg/L Cr(VI) concentration while slight reductions were observed at 250 and 300 mg/L Cr(VI). Further, the chromium reduction ability at 50 mg/L of Cr(VI) highlighted that the bacterium B. subtilis MNU...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Buku ini menjelaskan sebab-musabab teori tentang bagaimana cara membahas gerakan sosial. Selain itu, ia menjelaskan Islam sebagai gerakan sosial dan bentuk-bentuk dari gerakan sosial. Di sini terdapat beberapa studi kasus, misalnya kisah penggusuran warga Parangkusumo. Kasus ini menyoal tentang masalah agraria, bagaimana cara rakyat mampu melawan, dan ditawarkan bagaimana cara penyelesaian konflik Parangkusumo. Kajian menarik selanjutnya adalah gerakan mahasiswa Islam pasca reformasi. Gerakan ini disebut sebagai collective behaviour atau gerakan kolektif. Studi kasus ini melihat bagaimana gerakan mahasiswa Islam bisa digambarkan sebagai fenomena yang memperdebatkan gerakan moral dan gerakan politik praktis. Studi gerakan sosial yang dikaitkan dengan fenomena Islam merupakan topik yang hangat diperbincangkan. Studi ini telah mengalami perkembangan yang cukup signifikan sejak era 60-an. Hal ini sebagai respon atas kegagalan pembangunan di negara berkembang—terutama bekas negara jajaha...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Prof. Dra. Novita Dewi, M.S., M.A. (Hons.), Ph.D. adalah guru besar pada Universitas Sanata Darma Yogyakarta. Secara resmi dikukuhkan menjadi guru besar Ilmu Sastra pada 22 Juli 2020 setelah menempuh perjalanan panjang sejak 2014. Novita Dewi lahir di Wonosobo, 19 November 1963. Seperti ditulis dalam jumal USD, Novita Dewi penikmat sastra semenjak kecil. Bacaannya luar biasa banyak dan beragam, seperti majalah "Si Kuncung" dan buku-buku terjemahan sastra dunia seri Elang. Ketika semakin dewasa, Novita Dewi semakin menggemari bacaan sastra, baik sastra Indonesia maupun sastra dunia

The vulnerable marine environment is polluted by various types of heavy metals due to human and natural activities. One of the marine biota sponges can carry out heavy metal adsorption functions, so the life of the sponge must be well maintained. The application of sponge micro symbiont adsorption method aims to reduce the toxicity of chromium metal. Absorption stage: culture isolates code Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Petrosia sponge (Strongylophore) Corticata symbionts, phenotypic and genotypic characterization, suspension symbionts were formed, interacted with 100 ppm of 1: 1 ratio chromium solution Interaction time variation 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 days, extracted. The remaining non-reduced chromium was analyzed using AAS. Observation of reduction, gas, pH, optical density parameters. The results of phenotypic characterization showed that 3 sponge symbiont isolates reacted with lactose, catalase, MR, VP and citrate. Genotypes of Pseudomonas stutzeri isolates, strain Sp1 are RCH2, Sp2 code SLG510A3-8...

The potential of a fluidized bed reactor for the UV-A photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), a priority water pollutant, by utilizing a TiO 2 /quartz sand composite, was explored. The effects of oxalic acid (OA) as a sacrificial agent in the heterogeneous system was also investigated and compared with the homogeneous photoreduction by the same dicarboxylic acid under both oxygenated or anoxic conditions of the reacting media. The performance of the 'preconditioned' photocatalyst, either by pretreating it with the OA solution (at dark or under UV-A illumination) or by letting the catalyst stand wet with the OA solution, during designated time intervals (1-5 weeks) prior to its reuse, was assessed. Then, up to 95% reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was achieved in less than 100 min.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

This research was motivated by the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 95 / PUU-XII / 2014 which states that granting the conditional constitutional petition for Article 50 paragraph (3) letter e and letter i of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry where the article states constitutional as long as interpreted everyone is prohibited from cutting down trees or harvesting or collecting forest products in the forest without having the right or permission from the authorized official, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes and grazing cattle in forest areas that are not specifically designated for this purpose by the competent authority, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes. Although the Constitutional Court only grants the formulation of the article, rejects the formulation of several other articles in the law, and states that it canno...

The vulnerable marine environment is polluted by various types of heavy metals due to human and natural activities. One of the marine biota sponges can carry out heavy metal adsorption functions, so the life of the sponge must be well maintained. The application of sponge micro symbiont adsorption method aims to reduce the toxicity of chromium metal. Absorption stage: culture isolates code Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Petrosia sponge (Strongylophore) Corticata symbionts, phenotypic and genotypic characterization, suspension symbionts were formed, interacted with 100 ppm of 1: 1 ratio chromium solution Interaction time variation 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 days, extracted. The remaining non-reduced chromium was analyzed using AAS. Observation of reduction, gas, pH, optical density parameters. The results of phenotypic characterization showed that 3 sponge symbiont isolates reacted with lactose, catalase, MR, VP and citrate. Genotypes of Pseudomonas stutzeri isolates, strain Sp1 are RCH2, Sp2 code SLG510A3-8...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Buku ini dimaksudkan untuk mendukung pelaksanaan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) atau Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini (PIAUD), baik untuk mahasiswa calon guru yang sedang melaksanakan studi, para guru di sekolah, atau pun pihak lainnya yang concern terhadap pendidikan anak usia dini. Sebagaimana yang kita ketahui, asesmen merupakan salah satu elemen penting dalam tubuh pengetahuan (body of knowledge) pendidikan anak usia dini. Pada sisi lain, masih ada ambiguitas terhadap kata penilaian, tidak sedikit yang memaknai kata penilaian sebagai evaluasi, dan ada juga yang memberikan arti penilaian sebagai asesmen. Buku ini memberikan penekanan bahwa penilaian sebagai asesmen. Asesmen adalah proses untuk memperoleh data dalam berbagai macam bentuk yang menjadi landasan dalam membuat pertimbangan-pertimbangan sebelum mengambil keputusan terkait hasil belajar anak. Sedangkan secara sederhana, asesmen adalah sebuah proses baik dengan pengukuran maupun tidak, proses ini bertujuan untuk mendapa...

Actinomycetes, one of the most important groups of microbes, exhibit many interesting activities such as degradation and transformation of organic and metal substrates together with production of antibiotics. With these bioactivities, actinomycetes would play an important role in the webs of the marine environment. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern, antibiotic producing potential and chromium resistance as well as chromium reduction potential of a range of actinomycetes isolated from marine environments. Actinomycetes were isolated from marine sediment samples obtained from St. Martin's Island in Bangladesh. Antibiotic resistance among the selected isolates was studied against 10 different antibiotics by disc diffusion method and antibiotic producing potential was assessed by the perpendicular streak method. The isolates were screened for resistance towards heavy metal Cr(VI) on culture plates supplemented with Cr(VI) at concentrations ranging from 1-5 mM of Cr(VI). Highly resistant isolates were subjected to screening for Cr(VI) reduction activity, which was estimated using the Cr(VI) specific colorimetric reagent 1, 5-diphenylcarbazide. Out of the total 30 different selected isolates, 25 (83.33%) showed resistance against more than three antibiotics and 6 (20%) showed resistance to more than six antibiotics. Ninety three percent of the isolates showed MAR index greater than 0.2 and tolerance to Cr(VI) at 1mM of initial Cr(VI). None of the isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against the organisms tested. Among the isolates tested for chromate reduction, two were most efficient showing complete reduction of 1mM Cr(VI) within 24 h. These two isolates (SM-11, SM-20) were capable of reducing chromate even at high initial Cr(VI) concentrations. Remarkably, the isolate SM-11 was found to reduce 82.67%, 44.34% of Cr(VI) at 2.5mM, 5mM of initial Cr(VI) concentrations respectively, within 72h of incubation. The majority of the actinomycetes isolates displayed resistance to both antibiotics and heavy metal chromium which indicates the possible acquisition of resistance factors due to environmental or human activities. The study also demonstrates possible correlation between antibiotic resistance and metal tolerance. Two of the isolates which showed considerable chromium reduction activity even at high chromium concentrations, may find potential application in bioremediation approaches.

This research was motivated by the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 95 / PUU-XII / 2014 which states that granting the conditional constitutional petition for Article 50 paragraph (3) letter e and letter i of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry where the article states constitutional as long as interpreted everyone is prohibited from cutting down trees or harvesting or collecting forest products in the forest without having the right or permission from the authorized official, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes and grazing cattle in forest areas that are not specifically designated for this purpose by the competent authority, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes. Although the Constitutional Court only grants the formulation of the article, rejects the formulation of several other articles in the law, and states that it canno...

Hexavalent Cr is most toxic metal and hazardous compound worldwide. It is also considered to be cellular oxidizing pollutant causing damage, mutagenic and hematopoietic effects to living systems. Present work is focused on synthesis of zero valent iron nano particles (Fe-NPs) using Bacillus subtilis SHB 13, Achromobacter xylosoxidans SHB 204 and Surfactin and their application for Cr (VI) detoxification (100 ppm) in synthetic solutions and polluted sludge, sewage and soil samples about 90-100% reduction observed with above particles. Qualitative analysis, structural characterization of Fe-NPs, adsorption, and recovery of Cr (VI) were carried out using XRD, SEM and TEM. This work explains adsorption isotherm of Cr with iron nano particles (Fe- NPs), was best fitted with Langmuir model and it followed first order rate kinetic reaction. Microcosm studies were carried out using Fe-NPs in sludge, sewage and tannery samples and Cr (VI) was completely (100 %) removed within 72 h. In anothe...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Mengunggah karya yang berjudul: Theology of health of Quranic pesantren in the time of COVID-19 Di Repository Perpustakaan UIN Sunan Kalijaga dan bertanggung jawab sepenuhnya terhadap apa yang saya unggah. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sesungguhnya dan untuk dipergunakan sebagaimana mestinya.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

This research was motivated by the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 95 / PUU-XII / 2014 which states that granting the conditional constitutional petition for Article 50 paragraph (3) letter e and letter i of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry where the article states constitutional as long as interpreted everyone is prohibited from cutting down trees or harvesting or collecting forest products in the forest without having the right or permission from the authorized official, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes and grazing cattle in forest areas that are not specifically designated for this purpose by the competent authority, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes. Although the Constitutional Court only grants the formulation of the article, rejects the formulation of several other articles in the law, and states that it canno...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

This research was motivated by the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 95 / PUU-XII / 2014 which states that granting the conditional constitutional petition for Article 50 paragraph (3) letter e and letter i of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry where the article states constitutional as long as interpreted everyone is prohibited from cutting down trees or harvesting or collecting forest products in the forest without having the right or permission from the authorized official, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes and grazing cattle in forest areas that are not specifically designated for this purpose by the competent authority, except for people who have lived for generations in the forest and are not intended for commercial purposes. Although the Constitutional Court only grants the formulation of the article, rejects the formulation of several other articles in the law, and states that it canno...

Based on what accentuated by Max Scheler on axiological dimension, this article seeks to explore what aspects discussed in the axiological values and the relevance of the values on interfaith initiatives. The ever-present issues of conflict, radicalization and religiously-motivated violence has led the idea on how to approach some ways toward the alternative solution. The queries are what is axiological dimension of values in Scheler’s perspective? and what is the relevance of the values on interfaith realm in religious studies perspective? The study shows that the axiological dimension consisting of the values that needed to be found objectively as the ethical basis for human interaction in everyday life. In Scheler’s view, human without values is absurd; one needs moral values in order to live a meaningful life. The essence of values is present with or without human’s practice. The relevance of the value is profound in interfaith realm since it forms human identity and determines ...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

Timbal (Pb) adalah logam berat yang dapat terakumulasi dan menjadi racun dalam tubuh manusia. Senyawa timbal yang berlebih di dalam tubuh dapat mengganggu kerja enzim sehingga sintesa sel darah merah menjadi terganggu. Salah satu usaha untuk mengatasi pencemaran timbal pada lingkungan adalah dengan metode bioremidiasi menggunakan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri yang mampu tumbuh pada konsentrasi timbal hingga 650 ppm. Melalui tahap uji toleransi isolat bakteri terhadap timbal, uji reduksi konsentrasi timbal dan identifikasi isolat bakteri yang mampu tumbuh pada konsentrasi 650 ppm. Media yang digunakan dalam tahap toleransi menggunakan NB dan Zobell yang mengandung timbal 50 ppm, 200 ppm, 350 ppm, 500 ppm dan 650 ppm. Pada pengujian toleransi diketahui bahwa isolat G.1, G.2, G.3, G.4 dan G.5 mampu tumbuh pada konsentrasi 50-500 ppm namun setelah ditingkatkannya konsentrasi menjadi 650 ppm isolat bakteri yang mampu tumbuh hanya G.1, G.2, G.3 dan G.5...

Two thermophilic Bacillus cereus strains (B. cereus-TA2 and B. cereus-TA4) used in the present study were isolated from the geothermal spring of Hunza valley, Gilgit, Pakistan. They showed the ability to withstand and grow at high temperature (85°C). Both these strains could resist multiple metals (copper, cadmium, mercury, manganese, zinc, arsenic, chromium and selenium). Strain B. cereus-TA4 reduced Cr (VI) at pH 5.0 to 9.0 but maximum reduction (83%) was observed at pH 7.0 after 48 h when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of K 2 CrO 4. Lower initial concentrations such as 100 µg mL-1 supported higher reduction (90 to 95%) than that of high concentration such as 500 µg mL-1 (20 to 30%). Both the strains reduced nearly 70% of Se (IV) after 48 h of growth at pH 7.0 when initially supplied with 200 µg mL-1 of Na 2 SeO 3. The optimum temperature for maximum Se (IV) reduction was 45°C for both the strains.

The high Andean plateau of Peru is known to suffer harsh environmental conditions. Acidic soils containing high amount of heavy metals due to mining activities and withstanding very low temperatures affect agricultural activities by diminishing crop quality and yield. In this context, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) adapted to low temperatures and tolerant to heavy metals can be considered as an environment-friendly biological alternative for andean crop management. The aim of this work was to select and characterize psychrotrophic PGPR isolated from the rhizosphere of maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) a traditional andean food crop. A total of 44 psychrotrophic strains isolated from 3 areas located in the Bombon plateu of Junin-Peru were tested for their PGPR characteristics like indole acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization and for their ability to improve seed germination. In addition, their capacity to grow in the presence of heavy metals like cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co) and mercury (Hg) was tested. Of the total number of strains tested, 12 were positive for IAA production at 22 °C, 8 at 12 °C and 16 at 6 °C. Phosphate solubilization activities were higher at 12 °C and 6 °C than at 22 °C. Red clover plant assays showed that 16 strains were capable to improve seed germination at 22 °C and 4 at 12 °C. Moreover, 11 strains showed tolerance to Cd and Pb at varying concentrations. This study highlight the importance of obtaining PGPRs to be used in high andean plateu crops that are exposed to low temperatures and presence of heavy metals on soil.

The leather tanning industry is one of the industries that causes environmental damage because one of the processes uses copper to produce products such as bags, jackets, and shoes. Copper bioremediation using indigenous bacteria is an effective solution to the problem of pollution because it utilizes bacteria isolated from the polluted environment. This study aims to isolate and characterize copper-resistant bacteria from the waste of the Yogyakarta Tannery Industry. The medium used was Luria Bertani Agar with the addition of 3 mM CuSO4. The characterization carried out included the characterization of colony and cell morphology such as color, edges, optical appearance, cell shape, and Gram staining. The isolation results obtained eight isolates of copper-resistant bacteria, namely Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6, Y7, and Y8. Isolates Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, and Y8 were Gram positive bacteria while isolates Y5 and Y6 were Gram negative bacteria. Colonies of isolates Y1, Y3, Y4, Y8 greenish color indicates the accumulation of copper in the cells as a mechanism of resistance. The discovery of isolates of copper-resistant bacteria from samples of the tannery industry waste is a useful study as an initial study to obtain isolates of Indonesian indigenous copper-resistant bacteria to be further developed as a copper bioremediation agent in the treatment of copper waste in the leather tanning industry.

Metodologi penafsiran Asghar Ali Engineer menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik yang dikembangkan dengan cara membangun apa yang disebut oleh Ismail Raji al-Faruqi dengan "hirarkisasi" atas ayat-ayat al-Quran. Hirarkisasi ini merupakan cara untuk menghindarkan dari kesan pertentangan antara satu ayat dengan ayat yang lain. Dalam perkembangan pemahaman atas al-Quran sendiri, model hirarkisasi ini sudah mulai dikembangkan oleh para mufassir klasik dengan adanya pembagian ayat-ayat al�Quran menjadi 'Am-Khashsh, Muthlaq-Muqayyad, Nasikh-Mansukh dan sebagainya. Persoalannya kemudian, metodologi seperti itu, sebagai bagian dari upaya untuk memahami ayat-ayat al-Quran, akan selalu diperdebatkan