RESULTS OF BYELECTIONS IN THE 1992-97 PARLIAMENT

Explanatory Note: The results given are largely self-explanatory, but two points should be noted. Many of those candidates marked as Independents contested the byelections on a specific policy theme and not as an Independent candidate. Frequently candidates who are to all intents and purposes Independents start a nominal political party of which they are the only candidate. This is noted below the result.

With regard to the swing, this is the conventional (Conservative/Labour) swing counted using votes as a percentage of all votes. A positive swing is to the Conservatives, negative swings are to Labour.

An asterisk indicates a forfeited deposit (where a candidate fails to poll one-twentieth of the vote, ie 5%).










BERKSHIRE, NEWBURY [289]

(Death of Sybil Judith Chaplin on 19th February 1993)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1993
(6/5)		81,08171.3
D.D. Rendel
J.T. Davidson
S. Billcliffe
A. Sked
A.P.P. Bannon
S.G.B. Martin
L.D. Sutch
J.P. Wallis
R.G. Marlar
J.E.D.D. Browne
Miss L. St. Clair
W.O. Board
M.R.S. Grenville
J.R. Day
C.R. Palmer
M. Grbin
A.W. Page
Mrs. A.G. Murphy
M.S. Stone		L Dem
C
Lab
AFL
Ind C
Ind
MRLP
GP
Ind
Ind C
Cor P
Ind
NLP
Ind
21st CP
Ind
SD
CPGB
Ind		37,590
15,535
1,151
601
561
435
432
341
338
267
174
84
60
49
40
33
33
32
21
22,055

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*		65.1
26.9
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
38.2		+27.8
-29.0
-4.0




-0.2
Swing -12.53: L Dem gain from C

Notes:-
1993:Bannon was a member of Slough Constituency Labour Party. After the election he sent a letter to the Conservative Party candidate stating that he had contested the election as 'The Conservative Candidate' in order to draw attention to the situation in Slough at the 1992 general election when a candidate standing as 'The Labour Candidate' had polled more votes than the Conservative majority over Labour. He stated he intended to contest every subsequent byelection until he polled more votes than the majority over a Conservative candidate, or the law was changed to prevent such a situation.

Martin was the candidate of the 'Commoners' Party Movement'.

Marlar sought election as the candidate of the 'Referendum Party', which he had formed. The party advocated a referendum on the ratification of the Treaty on European Union agreed at Maastricht in December 1991.

Board advocated holding a referendum on the ratification of the Maastricht treaty.

Day sought election as a 'People and Pensioners Party' candidate.

Grbin, a Bosnian, sought election as a 'Defence of Children's Humanity' candidate. He advocated military intervention in Bosnia by UK forces.

Stone was opposed to the monarchy and wished to confiscate its assets to fund improvements in education.

DORSET, CHRISTCHURCH [337]

(Death of Robert James Adley on 13th May 1993)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1993
(29/7)		71,86874.2
Mrs. D.M. Maddock
R.A. Hayward
N.J.D. Lickley
A. Sked
L.D. Sutch
A.P.P. Bannon
P.G. Newman
Miss T. Bardot-Jackson
P.A. Hollyman
J.P. Crockard
M.R.F. Griffiths
M.D. Belcher
K. Fitzhugh
J.R. Walley		L Dem
C
Lab
AFL
MRLP
Ind C
Ind
Ind
Ind
Ind
NLP
Ind
Ind
Rainbow		33,164
16,737
1,453
878
404
357
80
67
60
48
45
23
18
16
16,427

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*		62.2
31.4
2.7
1.6
0.8
0.7
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
30.8		+38.6
-32.2
-9.4







-0.3
Swing -11.37: L Dem gain from C

Notes:-
1993:Bannon was a member of Slough Constituency Labour Party. He contested the election as 'The Conservative Candidate' in order to draw attention to the situation in the Slough constituency at the 1992 general election, where a candidate standing as 'The Labour Candidate' had polled more votes than the Conservative majority over Labour.

 Newman believed the then manager of the English association football team, Graham Taylor, should be dismissed.

Bardot-Jackson was sponsored by a national newspaper in order that the newspaper could obtain free postage in the constituency for publicity material for the cost of the £500 deposit.

Hollyman contested the election on a theme of increased expenditure on the National Health Service.

 Crockard sought election for the 'Highlander IVth Wednesday night promotion party'. He owned the Highlander public house in the constituency and was contesting the election in order to obtain publicity for it.

Belcher sought election as the 'Ian for King' candidate.

Fitzhugh sought election as 'The Alfred Chicken Party' candidate.

ROTHERHAM [228]

(Death of James Boyce on 25th January 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(5/5)		61,32743.7
D. MacShane
D.B. Wildgoose
N.J. Gibb
L.D. Sutch
K. Laycock		Lab
L Dem
C
MRLP
NLP		14,912
7,958
2,649
1,114
173
6,954


*
*		55.6
29.7
9.9
4.2
0.6
25.9		-8.3
+17.4
-13.9
Swing -2.77: Lab hold

BARKING and DAGENHAM, BARKING [1]

(Death of Josephine Richardson on 1st February 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(9/6)		49,63538.3
Mrs. M.E. Hodge
G.L. White
Mrs. T.M. May
G.A. Needs
G.J. Batten
Miss H.R. Butensky		Lab
L Dem
C
NF
UKIP
NLP		13,704
2,290
1,976
551
406
90
11,414


*
*
*		72.1
12.0
10.4
2.9
2.1
0.5
60.1		+20.5
-2.5
-23.5
Swing -21.96: Lab hold

BARKING and DAGENHAM, DAGENHAM [2]

(Resignation of Bryan Charles Gould on 17th May 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(9/6)		58,12337.0
Mrs. J.A. Church
J.P.J. Fairrie
P.G. Dunphy
J.H. Tyndall
P. Compobassi
M.C. Leighton		Lab
C
L Dem
BNP
UKIP
NLP		15,474
2,130
1,804
1,511
457
116
13,344



*
*		72.0
9.9
8.4
7.0
2.1
0.5
62.1		+19.7
-26.4
-3.1
Swing -23.06: Lab hold

NEWHAM, NEWHAM NORTH EAST [64]

(Death of Ronald Leighton on 2nd March 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(9/6)		56,22834.8
S.C. Timms
P. Hammond
A.J. Kellaway
A.J.E. Scholefield
Miss J. Homeless
R. Archer
Miss V. Garman		Lab
C
Ind L Dem
UKIP
Ind
NLP
Ind		14,668
2,850
821
509
342
228
155
11,818

*
*
*
*
*		74.9
14.6
4.2
2.6
1.7
1.2
0.8
60.3		+16.6
-16.0
Swing -16.30: Lab hold

Notes:-
1994:Kellaway had been nominated as the Liberal Democrat candidate for the byelection. However, he announced at a news conference on the eve of poll that he had resigned from the Liberal Democrats and joined the Labour Party. He recognized that it was too late to withdraw from the contest, but declined to give advice to those people in the constituency who wished to vote for a Liberal Democrat candidate.

Homeless had changed her name in order to contest the election. She sought election as a 'House Homeless Peoples Party' candidate.

Garman was sponsored by Sport Newspapers in order to take advantage of the free postage for election addresses. She sought election for the 'Buy the Daily Sport Party'.

BRADFORD, SOUTH [116]

(Death of George Robert Cryer on 13th April 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(9/6)		69,52144.2
G. Sutcliffe
Mrs. H. Wright
R.M. Farley
L.D. Sutch
K. Laycock		Lab
L Dem
C
MRLP
NLP		17,014
7,350
5,475
727
187
9,664


*
*		55.3
23.9
17.8
2.4
0.6
31.4		+7.7
+10.2
-20.6
Swing -14.12: Lab hold

EASTLEIGH [150]

(Death of Stephen David Wyatt Milligan on 6th February 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(9/6)		94,11658.7
D.W.G. Chidgey
Mrs. M.P. Birks
S.H. Reid
N.P. Farage
L.D. Sutch
P.N. Warburton		L Dem
Lab
C
UKIP
MRLP
NLP		24,473
15,234
13,675
952
783
145
9,239


*
*
*		44.3
27.6
24.7
1.7
1.4
0.3
16.7		+16.3
+6.8
-26.5
Swing -16.68: L Dem gain from C

MONKLANDS, EAST [587]

(Death of Rt. Hon. John Smith on 12th May 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(30/6)		48,72470.0
Mrs. H.L. Liddell
Mrs. C.M. Ullrich
S. Gallagher
Mrs. G.S. Bell
Miss A. Bremner
D.J. Patterson		Lab
SNP
L Dem
C
Ind
NLP		16,950
15,320
878
799
69
58
1,640

*
*
*
*		49.8
44.9
2.6
2.3
0.2
0.2
4.9		-11.5
+26.9
-2.0
-13.7
Swing -1.09: Lab hold

Note:-
1994:Bremner opposed the provisions of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Bill, which was proceeding through Parliament at the time of the byelection.

DUDLEY, WEST [148]

(Death of Dr. John Graham Blackburn on 12th October 1994)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1994
(15/12)		87,97247.0
I.P. Pearson
G.E. Postles
M.P.J. Hadley
M.R. Floyd
A. Carmichael
M.S. Hyde
M.H. Nattrass
Mrs. M.D. Nicholson
J.D. Oldbury
C.R. Palmer		Lab
C
L Dem
UKIP
NF
L
NB
Ind
NLP
21st CP		28,400
7,706
3,154
590
561
548
146
77
70
55
20,694


*
*
*
*
*
*
*		68.8
18.7
7.6
1.4
1.4
1.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
50.1		+28.0
-30.2
-2.8
Swing -29.12: Lab gain from C

Note:-
1994:Nicholson was sponsored by FOREST, the 'Freedom Organisation for the Right to Enjoy Smoking Tobacco'. She sought election as a 'FOREST - Freedom of Choice for Smokers' candidate.

GWENT, ISLWYN [553]

(Resignation of Rt. Hon. Neil Gordon Kinnock on 19th January 1995, on appointment as a Commissioner of the European Union)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1995
(16/2)		50,97145.4
J.D. Touhig
Mrs. J.A. Davies
J.G. Bushell
R.J. Buckland
L.D. Sutch
H. Moelwyn Hughes
T.P. Rees		Lab/Co-op
PC
L Dem
C
MRLP
UKIP
NLP		16,030
2,933
2,448
913
506
289
47
13,097


*
*
*
*		69.2
12.7
10.6
3.9
2.2
1.2
0.2
56.5		-5.1
+8.8
+4.9
-10.9
+0.9
Swing -2.90: Lab hold

TAYSIDE, PERTH and KINROSS [634]

(Death of Sir Nicholas Hardwick Fairbairn on 19th February 1995)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1995
(25/5)		67,98361.7
Miss R. Cunningham
D.G. Alexander
J.P. Godfrey
Mrs. V. Linklater
L.D. Sutch
V.T. Linacre
R.C.L. Harper
M.A. Halford
G.D. Black		SNP
Lab
C
L Dem
MRLP
UKIP
GP
Ind C
NLP		16,931
9,620
8,990
4,952
586
504
223
88
54
7,311



*
*
*
*
*		40.4
23.0
21.4
11.8
1.4
1.2
0.5
0.2
0.1
17.4		+4.4
+10.5
-18.7
+0.4
Swing -14.60: SNP gain from C

Note:-
1995:Halford sought election as a 'Scottish Conservatory and Unionist Candidate'. This was an attempt to confuse voters in the constituency who intended to vote for the Conservative candidate, who appeared on the ballot paper with the description 'Scottish Conservative and Unionist'.

NORTH DOWN [648]

(Death of Sir James Alexander Kilfedder on 20th March 1995)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1995
(15/6)		70,87238.6
R.L. McCartney
R.A. McFarland
Sir O.J. Napier
A.A. Chambers
S.E. Sexton
M.A.B. Brooks
C.C. Carter
J.M. Anderson		Ind UU
UU
APNI
Ind UU
C
Ind
Ind
NLP		10,124
7,232
6,970
2,170
583
108
101
100
2,892



*
*
*
*		37.0
26.4
25.4
7.9
2.1
0.4
0.4
0.4
10.6

+10.7

-29.8


-0.2
No swing calculation: Ind UU gain from UPUP

Notes:-
1995:McCartney advocated a policy of integration. He sought election as a 'United Kingdom Unionist'. During the campaign he pledged that if elected he would take the Labour whip, but the Labour Whip's office declined to extend it to him. On election, he did however sit on the Labour benches and was a fairly consistent supporter of the Labour position. In May 1996 he and his supporters formed the United Kingdom Unionist Party.

Brooks advocated the release from gaol of Lee Howard Clegg, of the Third Battalion, the Parachute Regiment. Private Clegg was convicted on 4th June 1993 of the murder of Karen Reilly, who was a passenger in a stolen car which came under fire from Clegg's army patrol in Belfast on 30th September 1990. Clegg appealed to the Northern Ireland Court of Appeal but failed on 30th March 1994, and a further appeal to the House of Lords failed on 19th January 1995. At the time of the election, Private Clegg was appealing to the sentence review board for release. Several newspapers had also taken up the case. Clegg was released from gaol on 4th July 1995. At a retrial hearing concluding on 11th March 1999 his conviction for murder was quashed and a conviction of attempting to wound with intent the car driver (Martin Peake) was substituted, but this conviction was overturned on appeal on 31st January 2000.

Carter sought election as 'Ulster's Independent Voice'.

GREATER MANCHESTER,
LITTLEBOROUGH and SADDLEWORTH [364]

(Death of Geoffrey Kenneth Dickens on 17th May 1995)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1995
(27/7)		66,27963.6
C.G. Davies
P.J. Woolas
J. Hudson
L.D. Sutch
J. Whittaker
P.A. Douglas
M. Blobby
A.R. Pitts
L.D. McLaren
C.R. Palmer		L Dem
Lab
C
MRLP
UKIP
Ind C
Ind
SPGB
Ind Lab
21st CP		16,231
14,238
9,934
782
549
193
105
46
33
25
1,993


*
*
*
*
*
*
*		38.5
33.8
23.6
1.8
1.3
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
4.7		+2.7
+13.9
-20.7
Swing -17.28: L Dem gain from C

Notes:-
1995:Douglas sought election as a candidate of the 'Conversative Party'. He was attempting to cause confusion and to attract the votes of electors intending to vote for the official Conservative candidate. His candidature was prompted by the situation in the Devon and East Plymouth constituency at the 1994 European Parliamentary Elections where a candidate seeking election as a 'Literal Democrat' polled more votes than the Conservative majority over the Liberal Democrat candidate.

Blobby had changed his name by deed poll from John McLagan to that of a Television character. He was a 34-year-old London businessman, and advocated a four-day week, the bricking-up of the Channel Tunnel and action on wobbly tables in restaurants.

McLaren sought election as an 'Old Labour' candidate. He was opposed to the selection of Woolas as the official Labour candidate, which he regarded as an imposition by the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party. He had been expelled from the Labour Party in 1993.

WEST YORKSHIRE, HEMSWORTH [521]

(Death of Derek Anthony Enright on 31st October 1995)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1996
(1/2)		55,67939.5
J.H. Trickett
N.J. Hazell
J.A.D. Ridgeway
Mrs. B.D. Nixon
L.D. Sutch
P. Davis
Miss P. Alexander
M.C. Thomas
M.P. Cooper
Mrs. D.J. Leighton		Lab
C
L Dem
S Lab P
MRLP
UKIP
GP
Ind
N Dem
NLP		15,817
1,942
1,516
1,193
652
455
157
122
111
28
13,875



*
*
*
*
*
*		71.9
8.8
6.9
5.4
3.0
2.1
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.1
63.1		+1.1
-9.8
-3.7
Swing -5.43: Lab hold

Note:-
1996:Thomas sought election as a 'Mark Thomas Friday Nights Channel Four' candidate. He was seeking election in order to promote a television programme.

STAFFORDSHIRE, SOUTH EAST STAFFORDSHIRE [471]

(Death of Sir David Lincoln Lightbown on 12th December 1995)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1996
(11/4)		70,19962.0
B.D. Jenkins
T.D.R. James
Mrs. J.M. Davy
A.L.W. Smith
L.D. Sutch
Mrs. S.J. Edwards
S.J. Mountford
L.J. Tucker
N. Bunny
N.A.W. Samuelson
D.J. Lucas
F.J. Sandy
A.S. Wood		Lab
C
L Dem
UKIP
MRLP
N Dem
L
Ind C
Ind
Ind
NLP
Ind
Ind		26,155
12,393
2,042
1,272
506
358
332
123
85
80
53
53
45
13,762

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*		60.1
28.5
4.7
2.9
1.2
0.8
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
31.6		+22.0
-22.2
-4.9
Swing -22.06: Lab gain from C

Notes:-
1996:Tucker described himself as a 'Churchill Conservative'.

Bunny was an employee of, and sponsored by, Live Television. He had changed his name to that of a television character in order to contest the election.

Samuelson sought election as a 'Daily Loonylugs Earing Up the World' candidate. He was sponsored by a group of people who produced a newspaper printed on cardboard cartoon ears.

Sandy sought election as an 'Action against Crime' candidate. He advocated that the sentence passed by a Judge ought to be the actual sentence served, with no remission.

Wood advocated reintroduction of capital punishment.

BARNSLEY, EAST [89]

(Death of Terry Patchett on 11th October 1996)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1996
(12/12)		53,11533.7
J. Ennis
D.G. Willis
Miss J.E. Ellison
W.K. Capstick
Count N.D. Tolstoy
Miss J.E. Hyland		Lab
L Dem
C
S Lab P
UKIP
SEP		13,683
1,502
1,299
949
378
89
12,181



*
*		76.4
8.4
7.3
5.3
2.1
0.5
68.0		-0.7
-0.3
-6.9
Swing -3.08: Lab hold

MERSEYSIDE, WIRRAL SOUTH [431]

(Death of George Barrington Porter on 3rd November 1996)
ElectionElectorsT'out
CandidatePartyVotes
%Ch.%
1997
(27/2)		60,51271.5
J.K. Chapman
L.T. Byrom
Mrs. H.F. Clucas
R.A.E. North
H.D. Bence
M.B. Cullen
P.A. Gott
R.S. Taylor
S. Anthony
G.S. Mead
C.R. Palmer
F.G. Astbury		Lab
C
L Dem
UKIP
Ind
S Lab P
Ind C
Ind
Ind
NLP
21st CP
Ind		22,767
14,879
4,357
410
184
156
148
132
124
52
44
40
7,888


*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*		52.6
34.4
10.1
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
18.2		+18.0
-16.5
-3.0






-0.2
Swing -17.24: Lab gain from C

Notes:-
1997:Gott sought election as a 'Disillusioned Conservative' candidate.

Anthony had changed his name from Neville Anthony Wylie Samuelson in order to be placed at the top of the ballot paper. He opposed party political donations from companies in the tobacco business.

Astbury was a victim of thalidomide and was sponsored by the 'Thalidomide Action Group UK'.

WEST MIDLANDS, MERIDEN [499]

(Death of Iain Campbell Mills on 13th January 1997)
Seat vacant at dissolution (C)

SOUTH YORKSHIRE, DON VALLEY [512]

(Death of Martin Redmond on 16th January 1997)
Seat vacant at dissolution (Lab)


TOTAL VOTES CAST AT BYELECTIONS 1993-7

Electorate:     1,174,205
Turnout:        52.9%

Party            Votes      %  Change  Candidates    Seats

Lab             257,280   41.4  + 3.6    17           12
L Dem           151,709   24.4  + 8.5    16            4
C               120,465   19.4  -20.1    18            -
SNP              32,251    5.2            2            1
Ind UU           12,294    2.0            2            1
AFL/UKIP          8,250    1.3           14            -
UU                7,232    1.2            1            -
APNI              6,970    1.2            1            -
MRLP              6,492    1.0           10            -
Ind               3,078    0.5           28            -
PC                2,933    0.5            1            -
S Lab P           2,298    0.4            3            -
Ind C             1,737    0.3            7            -
NF/N Dem          1,581    0.3            4            -
BNP               1,511    0.3            1            -
NLP               1,506    0.3           16            -
L                   880    0.1            2            -
Ind L Dem           821    0.1            1            -
GP                  721    0.1            3            -
Cor P               170    0.0            1            -
21st CP             164    0.0            4            -
NB                  146    0.0            1            -
SEP                  89    0.0            1            -
SPGB                 46    0.0            1            -
Ind Lab              33    0.0            1            -
SD                   33    0.0            1            -
CPGB                 32    0.0            1            -
Rainbow              16    0.0            1            -

  Total         620,738  100.0          159           18

1992 General Election in the same seats:

C               354,825   39.5           18            8
Lab             339,763   37.9           17            9
L Dem           142,639   15.9           17            -
SNP              24,655    2.7            2            -
UPUP             19,305    2.2            1            1
APNI              6,611    0.7            1            -
UDUP              4,414    0.5            1            -
PC/GP             1,606    0.2            1            -
GP                1,123    0.1            2            -
SD                  895    0.1            1            -
NLP                 680    0.1            3            -
MRLP                547    0.1            1            -
Ind                 175    0.0            1            -
IPB                 156    0.0            1            -

  Total         897,394  100.0           67           18

Average Swing -11.86