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If you have visited your local health food store or looked closely at
the ingredients in your daily multivitamin, you may have noticed that
the element selenium is often listed as one of the beneficial
supplements. Selenium is a double-edged sword, however. In general,
selenium compounds are toxic and have an unpleasant garlicy odor, but
in trace amounts, selenium is essential for our health. Selenium
atoms are similar to sulfur atoms, with similar properties, except
that selenium compounds tend to be more reactive. In a few
specialized proteins, this extra reactivity is just what is needed.
For instance, by using a selenium atom instead of sulfur, thioredoxin
reductase improves its rate of catalysis by 100 times, and formate
dehydrogenases act 300 times faster.
In
citings
the PDB please refer to: H.M. Berman, J. Westbrook, Z. Feng, G.
Gilliland, T.N. Bhat, H. Weissig, I.N. Shindyalov, P.E. Bourne:
The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Research, 28
pp. 235-242 (2000).
The RCSB PDB is managed by two members of the RCSB:
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State University of New Jersey and the
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