I have a not declared smt-lib issue

Question

I have an issue with my SMT code. I'm using SMT-LIB 2.7 syntax, and executing it with a 2.6 solver (CVC4). Here is my code:

(set-option :print-success false)
(set-logic ALL)

(define-sort |Z| () Int)
(declare-sort P 1)
(define-sort |POW Z| () (P |Z|))

(declare-const vmax |Z|)
(declare-const vset |POW Z|)
(declare-const |set.empty Z| |POW Z|)

(assert (!
  (forall ((e |Z|))
    (not (|set.in |Z|| e |set.empty |Z||)))
  :named |ax.set.in.empty Z|))

(declare-fun |set.in Z| (|Z| |POW Z|) Bool)
(declare-fun max (|POW Z|) |Z|)

(assert (!
  (forall ((s |POW Z|))
    (=> (not (= s |set.empty |Z||))
        (|set.in |Z|| (max s) s)))
  :named |ax.max.is.member|))

(assert (!
  (forall ((s |POW Z|) (e |Z|))
    (=> (|set.in |Z|| e s)
        (<= e (max s))))
  :named |ax.max.is.ge|))

(assert (!
  (not (= vmax (max vset)))
  :named |Goal|))

(check-sat)
(exit)

When I run this with CVC4, I get the following error:

(error "Parse Error: output.smt:11.36: Symbol Z is not declared.
(forall ((e |Z|)) (not (|set.in |Z|| e |set.empty |Z||)))
                                     ^")

I don’t understand why it says "Z is not declared", while I clearly declared it with:

(define-sort |Z| () Int)

I am new to SMT and there are not many resources available online, so I would appreciate your help.

Also, could this be caused by a version mismatch? I'm writing in SMT-LIB 2.7 but running it with a 2.6 solver. Unfortunately, I couldn’t find a download link for a 2.7-compliant solver.

Thanks in advance, and have a great day!

alias · Accepted Answer · 2025-07-11 14:28:44Z

0

This line is problematic:

    (not (|set.in |Z|| e |set.empty |Z||)))

Note that you haven't defined set.in yet; it comes a few lines later:

(declare-fun |set.in Z| (|Z| |POW Z|) Bool)

But even with that confusion, when you write a string inside two bar's, (like |...|) then those bars are dropped and whatever inside is considered a single atom. (This allows you to put in spaces or special characters.) Looking at what you wrote:

|set.in |Z||

the way this parses is as a sequence of three tokens:

set.in (there's an extra space at the end!)
Z
<> (empty!)

And it's precisely this Z that CVC5 is complaining about that you haven't defined.

Finally, I'll point out that CVC5 already supports sets: https://cvc5.github.io/docs/cvc5-1.0.7/examples/sets.html

You can of course define your own notion of a set, but it might be best to just stick to what they have internal support for. (And note that membership there is defined set.member, not set.in.)

answered Jul 11 at 14:28

alias

30.9k2 gold badges31 silver badges51 bronze badges

Sign up to request clarification or add additional context in comments.

2 Comments

Wissem Flitti Jul 22 at 14:30

Thank you I understand the problem and fix it ! I have another question if you can help me. I am using -> but I got an error that is not defined : ``` (define-sort |? Z| () (-> |Z| Bool)) (declare-const |set.intent Z| (-> |? Z| |POW Z|)) (assert (! (forall ((p |? Z|)) (forall ((x |Z|)) (= (|set.in Z| x (|set.intent Z| p)) (p x) ) ) ) :named |set.in.intent Z|) ) ``` I got (error "Parse Error: output.smt:37.36: Symbol '->' not declared as a type") Thank you for help

alias Jul 22 at 18:24

Comments are not intended for new questions. Please start a new one. See: stackoverflow.com/help/how-to-ask

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

I have a not declared smt-lib issue

1 Answer 1

2 Comments

Your Answer

Hot Network Questions

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

1 Answer 1

2 Comments

Your Answer

Sign up or log in

Post as a guest

Related