Google Sheets - Iterate through dates

You can use this formula to create a list of dates in the format you want of a whole year (365 days):

=ArrayFormula(LAMBDA(FIRSTOFYEAR,MONTHS,WEEKS,
 LAMBDA(DATES,
  {DATES,BYROW(DATES,LAMBDA(DATE,
   {
    INDEX(WEEKS,WEEKDAY(DATE)),
    INDEX(MONTHS,MONTH(DATE)),
    DAY(DATE),
    INDEX(WEEKS,WEEKDAY(DATE))&", "&INDEX(MONTHS,MONTH(DATE))&" "&DAY(DATE)
   }
  ))}
 )(BYROW(SEQUENCE(365,1,0),LAMBDA(NUM,FIRSTOFYEAR+NUM)))
)(
 DATE(2023,1,1),
 {"January";"February";"March";"April";"May";"June";"July";"August";"September";"October";"November";"December"},
 {"Sunday";"Monday";"Tuesday";"Wednesday";"Thursday";"Friday";"Saturday"}
))

Result:

Which you can than use a QUERY() to easily remove what you don't need, such as:

(Assume the list of dates are placed in A:E)

=QUERY({$A:$E},"SELECT Col5 WHERE Col1 IS NOT NULL AND Col2!='Friday' AND Col2!='Sunday'",0)

result in something like this:

You can also use limit and offset to define the range to be shown in a QUERY(), such as:

(Assume the result of the last query is placed in F:F)

=QUERY(F1:F,"LIMIT 5 OFFSET "&((1-1)*5))

results:

With this formula, you only need to change the number x in ((x-1)*5) to the week number you want, and that will returns you the 5 days in the format you requested.

You can combine everything above to form something like this:

=ArrayFormula(
LAMBDA(SHOWWEEK,
 LAMBDA(FIRSTOFYEAR,MONTHS,WEEKS,
  LAMBDA(DATES,
   LAMBDA(DATA,
    LAMBDA(RESULTS,
     RESULTS
    )(QUERY({DATA},"SELECT Col5 WHERE Col1 IS NOT NULL AND Col2!='Friday' AND Col2!='Sunday' LIMIT 5 OFFSET "&((SHOWWEEK-1)*5),0))
   )(
    {DATES,BYROW(DATES,LAMBDA(DATE,
     {
      INDEX(WEEKS,WEEKDAY(DATE)),
      INDEX(MONTHS,MONTH(DATE)),
      DAY(DATE),
      INDEX(WEEKS,WEEKDAY(DATE))&", "&INDEX(MONTHS,MONTH(DATE))&" "&DAY(DATE)
     }
    ))}
   )
  )(BYROW(SEQUENCE(365,1,0),LAMBDA(NUM,FIRSTOFYEAR+NUM)))
 )(
  DATE(2023,1,1),
  {"January";"February";"March";"April";"May";"June";"July";"August";"September";"October";"November";"December"},
  {"Sunday";"Monday";"Tuesday";"Wednesday";"Thursday";"Friday";"Saturday"}
 )
)(1)
)

in which all you need to do is changing the number inside the last () to the number of week you want, the 5 dates in the format you requested will be returned.

don't forget that you can always use INDEX() to define which value of an array do you want to return for your final result.

Since you have mentioned that What I am trying to do (instead of manually editing 52 different sheets) is come up with a function that iterates so that...,

We can go one step further, add a simple apps-script to get the sheet number count, we assume that your file only have 52 sheets, 1 for a week, and the sheets are arranged in ascending order (otherwise you will need another method), add this script into your spreadsheet:

function getSheetNum() {
  const sss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
  const sheets = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getSheets();
  for (const [index,sheet] of sheets.entries()) {
    if(sheet.getName() === sss.getActiveSheet().getName()) return index;
  }
}

This function returns the index of sheet you are currently working on, start from 0, you can call it from your spreadsheet by simply type in =getSheetNum() in any cell.

p.s. if you have no idea what is apps-script, you may want to read some documentation: https://developers.google.com/apps-script/overview

Combining this custom function with our formula, like this:

=ArrayFormula(
LAMBDA(SHOWWEEK,
 LAMBDA(FIRSTOFYEAR,MONTHS,WEEKS,
  LAMBDA(DATES,
   LAMBDA(DATA,
    LAMBDA(DATA,
     DATA
    )(QUERY({DATA},"SELECT Col5 WHERE Col1 IS NOT NULL AND Col2!='Friday' AND Col2!='Sunday' LIMIT 5 OFFSET "&(SHOWWEEK*5),0))
   )(
    {DATES,BYROW(DATES,LAMBDA(DATE,
     {
      INDEX(WEEKS,WEEKDAY(DATE)),
      INDEX(MONTHS,MONTH(DATE)),
      DAY(DATE),
      INDEX(WEEKS,WEEKDAY(DATE))&", "&INDEX(MONTHS,MONTH(DATE))&" "&DAY(DATE)
     }
    ))}
   )
  )(BYROW(SEQUENCE(365,1,0),LAMBDA(ROW,FIRSTOFYEAR+ROW)))
 )(
  DATE(2023,1,1),
  {"January";"February";"March";"April";"May";"June";"July";"August";"September";"October";"November";"December"},
  {"Sunday";"Monday";"Tuesday";"Wednesday";"Thursday";"Friday";"Saturday"}
 )
)(GETSHEETNUM())
)

be noticed that, instead of ((SHOWWEEK-1)*5), we do (SHOWWEEK*5) in this version, because the custom function we created using Zero-based array indexing.

results:

It will return a different week of dates in format you requested in each sheet.

Update 2022-12-30:

While I don't really understand why your week 1 start from 2nd of Jan and last for 7 days, is it 1st of Jan considered as Week 0 in that case??

Anyway, I come up with this formula which gives you a list of week count with date range for your reference.

According to the comments, if all you need is the week count of the year, you can simply use WEEKNUM(DATE):

=ArrayFormula(
LAMBDA(FIRSTOFYEAR,
 LAMBDA(DATES,
  LAMBDA(WEEKS,
   LAMBDA(DATA,
    BYROW(ARRAY_CONSTRAIN(DATA,MAX(WEEKS),4),LAMBDA(ROW,JOIN(" ",ROW)))
   )(TO_TEXT(QUERY(QUERY({WEEKS,"Week "&WEEKS&":",DATES,DATES},"SELECT Col2,MIN(Col3),'~',MAX(Col4),Col1 GROUP BY Col1,Col2",0),"OFFSET 1 FORMAT Col2'm/d',Col4'm/d'",0)))
  )(WEEKNUM(DATES))
 )(BYROW(SEQUENCE(365,1,0),LAMBDA(NUM,FIRSTOFYEAR+NUM)))
)(DATE(2023,1,1))
)

The formula works in the same concept as my other formulas.