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Review
. 2022 Jun 14;14(12):2456.
doi: 10.3390/nu14122456.

How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives

Daniela Campaniello  1 , Maria Rosaria Corbo  1 , Milena Sinigaglia  1 , Barbara Speranza  1 , Angela Racioppo  1 , Clelia Altieri  1 , Antonio Bevilacqua  1
Affiliations
Review

How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives

Daniela Campaniello et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, contributing to human health. Nevertheless, some factors (sex, age, lifestyle, physical activity, drug-based therapies, diet, etc.) affect its composition and functionality, linked to pathologies and immunological diseases. Concerning diet, it interacts with microorganisms, leading to beneficial or detrimental outcomes for the health of host. On the other hand, physical activity is known to be useful for preventing and, sometimes, treating several diseases of cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, respiratory, and muscular systems. This paper focuses on diet and physical activity presenting the current knowledge about how different diets (Western, ketogenic, vegan, gluten free, Mediterranean) as well as different types of exercise (intensive, endurance, aerobic) could shape gut microbiota.

Keywords: Mediterranean diet; endurance fitness; gut microbiota; ketogenic diet; physical exercise.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main effects of diets on gut microbiota.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Main effects of physical exercises on gut microbiota.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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