JP2005087239A - Mattress - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mattress reducing phenomenon of hammock which is excellent in a diffusion of body pressure and can prevent and reduce back pain and also prevent bedsore, is comfort to lie on, allows user easily to roll over on, can eliminate damp and extend its life with excellent air permeability. <P>SOLUTION: The mattress includes two elastic cushions 12 and 13 which are laid one above the other and an elastic sheet 14 which is laid between the elastic cushions 12 and 13. On the opposing surfaces of the elastic cushions 12 and 13, many undulations 15 comprised of convexes 16 and concavities 17 are formed and the cushions are positioned so that the convexes 16 of the undulations 15 can be located on the concavities 17 of the undulations 15 on the side opposing across the elastic sheet 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a mattress used in hospitals, nursing homes, general homes and the like.

  In recent years, in the field of nursing and nursing care in hospitals and nursing homes, the number of people who are forced to live in bed tends to increase as the population ages. In such nursing or nursing care sites, there is a demand for the development of a mattress that does not get tired easily even if it is lying on the bed for a long time and does not make pressure ulcers.

  For this purpose, conventionally, for example, a laminate of a plurality of cushion materials having different rigidity (see Patent Document 1), a laminate of three-dimensional knitted cushions (see Patent Document 2), and a thick sponge mat are laminated. Various mattresses have been proposed, such as a silicone gel sheet disposed between the sponge mats (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2001-292870 A (all pages, all figures) JP 2002-336076 A (all pages, all figures) JP 2002-0778757 (all pages, all figures)

  However, in the case of mattresses that have been proposed in the past, a so-called hammock phenomenon has been observed in which only the portion where the weight is concentrated sinks greatly. For this reason, the buttocks of the patient who slept in the supine posture sunk greatly, and the front bay of the lumbar spine strengthened, causing back pain. Moreover, when low-hardness urethane is used so as to disperse body pressure, its deterioration becomes a problem. In addition, it is difficult to turn over because of its low resilience such as urethane. Such a problem becomes a big problem especially for a back pain person, a bedridden patient, and an elderly person with no physical strength.

  In order to eliminate the hammock phenomenon, a hard cushion with less sinking may be used. Using a stiffer cushion can prevent deformation of the lumbar anterior bay and make it easier to roll over, but the effect of dispersing body pressure is worsened, and the risk of pressure ulcers increases for bedridden patients . On the other hand, in order to prevent pressure ulcers from occurring, it is only necessary to use a soft cushion to disperse body pressure. However, when a soft cushion is used, the elasticity of the cushion deteriorates within a short period of time. Therefore, a problem occurs in terms of the service life.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. It reduces the hammock phenomenon and is excellent in body pressure dispersion, can prevent and improve low back pain and prevent pressure ulcers, and has good sleeping comfort. An object of the present invention is to provide a mattress that can be easily turned over. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a mattress that can extend the service life of the mattress, has excellent air permeability, and is useful for reducing dampness in addition to the above effects.

  In order to solve the above problems, the mattress of the present invention comprises two elastic cushions stacked one above the other and an elastic sheet sandwiched between the two elastic cushions. A large number of concavo-convex parts consisting of ridges and valleys are formed on the opposing surfaces of the ridges, and the ridges of these concavo-convex parts are positioned on the valleys of the opposite concavo-convex parts facing each other across the elastic sheet. Are aligned with each other.

  In addition, the said uneven | corrugated | grooved part may be made into the uneven | corrugated shape of a cross section along two orthogonal directions, and may be made into the uneven | corrugated shape of a cross section only along one direction. In addition, the concavo-convex cross-sectional shape of the concavo-convex portion may be a shape in which peaks and troughs appear alternately. For example, a concavo-convex shape such as a waveform, a triangle, a trapezoid, etc. can be adopted, but most preferably a waveform. It is desirable. Further, as the two elastic cushions arranged vertically opposite to each other, any resin foam having compression elasticity can be used, but it is most preferable to use polyurethane foam. The elastic sheet may be a sheet having surface elasticity (= membrane elasticity), such as a polyurethane sheet, a vinyl chloride sheet, an olefin elastomer sheet, a rubber sheet, a silicone gel sheet, a synthetic fiber knitted fabric sheet, etc. A polyurethane sheet is preferably used.

  According to the mattress of the present invention having the above-described configuration, since the concave and convex portions are formed on the opposing surfaces of the elastic cushion that are vertically opposed to each other with the elastic sheet interposed therebetween, the elastic cushion inherent softness is formed by the action of the concave and convex portions. A softer cushioning effect than that can be provided. For this reason, while using a hard elastic cushion, the mattress as a whole can exert the same body pressure dispersion effect as using a softer cushion, relieving pressure on the human body, and preventing and improving back pain In addition, pressure ulcer can be prevented.

  In addition, since the elastic sheet is sandwiched in a point contact state from above and below by the crests of the concavo-convex portions formed on the opposing surface of the elastic cushion arranged opposite to the upper and lower sides, the surface elasticity inherent to the elastic sheet is sufficiently developed. be able to. The surface elasticity developed by this elastic sheet acts like a film over a wide range centering on the pressure application point, and only the portion where pressure acts, such as a compression elastic material such as polyurethane foam, is locally depressed. The so-called hammock phenomenon, in which only a deep depression occurs, can be reduced. For this reason, only the buttocks and the lumbar region do not fall down deeply, and it is possible to prevent the deformation of the front bay of the lumbar vertebra causing the occurrence of back pain and to make the mattress easy to roll over.

  In addition, since it can give the same elasticity as a soft cushion while using a hard cushion, the cushion will not be elastically deteriorated in a short period of time like a mattress using a soft cushion, and the service life of the mattress Can be extended.

  Furthermore, in the mattress of the present invention, the gap portion of the concavo-convex portion formed on the opposing surface of the elastic cushion arranged opposite to the top and bottom becomes a gap portion through which air can flow. For this reason, air permeability improves and the stuffiness by the body heat accumulation etc. can also be reduced.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a mattress according to the present invention. 1A and 1B are schematic cross-sectional views of the mattress viewed from the side and the head, respectively, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the mattress, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view thereof.

  The mattress 11 according to the first embodiment is composed of two elastic cushions 12 and 13 that are stacked one above the other and an elastic sheet 14 that is sandwiched between the two elastic cushions 12 and 13. ing. On the opposing surfaces of the two elastic cushions 12 and 13, a large number of mountain-shaped irregularities 15 whose cross-sectional shape is corrugated along both the longitudinal direction and the lateral width direction of the mattress are formed over the entire cushion surface. Each peak portion 16 is positioned and opposed so as to be positioned on the valley portion 17 of the opposite concavo-convex portion 15 facing the elastic sheet 14 therebetween.

As the upper and lower elastic cushions 12 and 13, resin foam such as polyurethane foam is used, and thicknesses D ₁ and D ₂ (see FIG. 2) have arbitrary dimensions according to the design specifications of the mattress. However, for example, D ₁ = D ₂ = about 30 mm. Note that the thicknesses D ₁ and D ₂ do not necessarily have to be the same thickness in the upper and lower sides, and can also satisfy D ₁ ≠ D ₂ .

The wave pitch p and the heights h ₁ and h ₂ (see FIG. 2) of the concavo-convex portion 15 formed on the opposing surfaces of the elastic cushions 12 and 13 have arbitrary dimensions depending on the design specifications of the mattress. For example, p = 40 mm and h ₁ = h ₂ = 20 mm. The wave pitch p and the heights h ₁ and h ₂ may be the same on the entire surface of the elastic cushions 12 and 13, but may be changed depending on the place, that is, the place where the human body hits.

  Further, as the elastic sheet 14, for example, a sheet having surface elasticity (= membrane elasticity) such as a polyurethane sheet, a vinyl chloride sheet, an olefin-based elastomer sheet, a rubber sheet, a silicone gel sheet, a synthetic fiber knitted fabric sheet, and the like is in the design specification. It is appropriately selected and used accordingly. As the thickness t, an arbitrary thickness is adopted according to the design specifications, but it is usually about t = 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

  The elastic cushions 12 and 13 and the elastic sheet 14 sandwiched between them are provided with adhesive on the tops of the ridges 16 of the concavo-convex portions 15 so that the positional relationship between them does not shift during use. Or the like, or when the mattress is completed, the outer peripheral edges of the elastic cushions 12 and 13 and the elastic sheet 14 are integrally sewn to a mattress cover or the like covering the outer periphery of the mattress, It is desirable to fix the position.

  In the case of the mattress 11 having the above-described configuration, the elastic cushions 12 and 13 that are opposed to each other up and down with the elastic sheet 14 interposed therebetween are elastic sheets 14 via the ridges 16 of the concavo-convex portions 15 formed on the opposing surface. Further, each peak portion 16 is aligned so as to be positioned on the valley portion 17 of the opposite concavo-convex portion 15 with the elastic sheet 14 interposed therebetween.

  Therefore, the elastic sheet 14 sandwiched between the upper and lower elastic cushions 12 and 13 is held in a point contact state from above and below by the crests 16 of the upper and lower concavo-convex portions 15, and the elastic sheet 14 originally has. The surface elasticity can be maximized. Further, the elastic cushions 12 and 13 have a function of a soft cushion as compared with a flat elastic cushion because the concave and convex portions 15 formed on the opposing surfaces thereof are flexibly deformed according to the pressing force.

  Therefore, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, when the patient M or the like lies on the mattress 11, the uneven portion 15 formed on the opposing surfaces of the upper elastic cushion 13 and the lower elastic cushion 12 is pressed. Deforms in response to pressure and acts as a soft cushion. Therefore, the patient M sleeping on the mattress 11 can be softly wrapped and supported, and the body pressure acting on the patient M can be effectively dispersed, and the pressure on the human body can be relieved to prevent and improve low back pain and prevent pressure ulcers. Can be achieved.

  Further, the pressing force is transmitted to the lower elastic sheet 14 through the upper elastic cushion 13, but as described above, the elastic sheet 14 is moved upward by the crest 16 of the uneven portion 15 of the upper elastic cushion 13. At the same time, it is supported so as to be supported from below by the crests 16 of the concavo-convex portion 15 of the lower elastic cushion 12. For this reason, when the pressing force is applied, the elastic sheet 14 bends in a film shape in the vertical direction between the concavo-convex portions 15 with the ridges 16 of the upper and lower concavo-convex portions 15 as support points, and the surface according to the amount of the bend Generate elasticity.

  Unlike the compression elasticity of polyurethane foam or the like, the surface elasticity expressed by the elastic sheet 14 acts in the form of a film over a wide range where the surface elasticity extends around the pressure application point. For this reason, the mattress 21 sinks smoothly over a wide range, and the so-called hammock phenomenon that only a portion where pressure acts, such as polyurethane foam, is greatly depressed and falls is reduced. For this reason, only a heavy part such as the buttocks and the waist does not sink deeply, and it is possible to prevent the deformation of the lumbar anterior bay that causes the back pain and to easily turn over.

  Further, the mattress having the above-described structure exhibits the same elasticity as a soft cushion as a whole mattress due to the cushioning property by the uneven portion 15 formed on the opposing surfaces of the elastic cushions 12 and 13 and the surface elasticity generated by the elastic sheet 14. Can be made. For this reason, it can be set as the mattress which was excellent in cushioning properties, and was comfortable to sleep, extending the durability as a mattress using the hard polyurethane foam as the elastic cushions 12 and 13.

  Furthermore, in the case of the mattress having the above-described structure, air can flow through the gaps between the concavo-convex portions 15 formed on the opposing surfaces of the elastic cushions 12 and 13, thereby improving air permeability and stuffiness due to body heat accumulation. Can also be reduced.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the mattress 21 according to the second embodiment, a high resilience polyurethane foam 18 is further stacked under the lower elastic cushion 12 in the same configuration as the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3). In addition, a low-resilience polyurethane foam 19 is further stacked on the upper elastic cushion 13. Thus, the mattress of the present invention may be laminated with other cushions according to the intended design specifications.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
In the mattress 41 according to the third embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the concavo-convex portion 35 formed on the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower elastic cushions 32 and 33 is a wave-shaped cross section in which a wave runs only in one direction. The upper and lower elastic cushions 32 and 33 are arranged so that the directions of the waves are in the same direction (X direction in the figure), and are aligned so that the mountain portions 16 are located on the trough portions 17 on the other side. It is a thing.

  In the case of the mattress 41 according to the third embodiment, since the wave directions of the upper and lower elastic cushions 32 and 33 are aligned in the same direction, the concavo-convex portions 35 of the upper and lower elastic cushions 32 and 33 are respectively in the wave direction. It will be in the state which touched the elastic sheet 14 in the point contact state only along. For this reason, directionality can be given to the action of the concavo-convex part 35 and the elastic sheet 14, and the action direction of the body pressure dispersion effect and the hammock phenomenon reduction effect that the mattress of the present invention exhibits by changing the wave direction. Can be controlled.

  An experiment was conducted to confirm the effect of the mattress of the present invention. The experimental results are shown in Table 1. The experiment was performed using the mattress 21 according to the second embodiment (FIG. 4) by the method shown in FIG. That is, a weight 71 having a substantially spherical shape on the outer surface was placed on the mattress 21, and the sinking amount S of the mattress 21 at that time and the contact pressure F (body pressure dispersion effect) acting on the lower bottom surface of the weight 71 were measured.

<Specifications of each part of mattress 21>
(1) Highly resilient polyurethane foam 18: 30 mm thick
(2) Elastic cushion 12: Polyurethane foam (thickness D ₁ = 30 mm, hardness = 160 N / cm ² , wave pitch p = 40 mm of uneven portion, wave height h ₁ = 20 mm)
(3) Elastic sheet: material = polyurethane sheet (thickness t = 0.25 mm)
(4) Elastic cushion 13: Polyurethane foam (thickness D ₂ = 30 mm, hardness = 160 N / cm ² , wave pitch p = 40 mm of uneven portion, wave height h ₂ = 20 mm)
(5) Low resilience polyurethane foam 19: 30 mm thick

<Specifications of weight 71>
(1) Diameter of weight upper surface = 420 mm
(2) Depth to bottom bottom = 110mm
(3) Curvature radius of the bottom bottom that becomes a sphere = 255 mm

As a comparison object, the elastic sheet 14 is removed from the mattress 21 of FIG. 6, and instead of the elastic cushions 12 and 13, a polyurethane foam 72 having a thickness of 160 N / cm ² and the same hardness as the elastic cushions 12 and 13 is used. There are two types of mattresses: a first mattress 73 to be sandwiched and a second mattress 74 to be sandwiched with a polyurethane foam 72 having a thickness of 60 Nm, which is half the hardness of 80 N / cm ^2. For each of the mattresses 73 and 74, as shown in FIG. 7, the sinking amount S and the contact pressure F (body pressure dispersion effect) were measured by the same method as in FIG. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

As is clear from comparison of Tables 1 to 3, the mattress 21 (Table 1) of the present invention is the first mattress 73 to be compared using the polyurethane foam having the same hardness of 160 N / cm ² shown in Table 2. Compared to the above, the sinking amount S can be increased to greatly reduce the contact pressure F (body pressure dispersion effect), and it is as if the polyurethane foam of 80 N / cm ² having about half the hardness shown in Table 3 was used. It was confirmed that the same contact pressure F (body pressure dispersion effect) as that of the second comparison target illuminating mattress 74 can be obtained. In addition, in the case of the mattress 21 of the present invention, the so-called hammock phenomenon is reduced by gently sinking over the wide area around the place where the weight 71 hits and not only in the surrounding area. This was confirmed by visual inspection.

  The present invention can be widely applied to all fields in which hospitals, nursing homes, general households, chairs, sofas, vehicle seats and the like need to reduce pressure and reduce impact.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a mattress according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic sectional view of the mattress viewed from the side surface side, and (b) is a schematic sectional view of the mattress viewed from the head side. is there. It is a partial expanded sectional view of the mattress. It is a disassembled perspective view of the said mattress. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the mattress which concerns on this invention. It is a partial exploded perspective view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the mattress which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the measurement experiment of the mattress of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the measurement experiment of the mattress to be compared.

Explanation of symbols

11, 21, 41 Mattress 12, 32 Lower elastic cushion 13, 33 Upper elastic cushion 14 Elastic sheet 15, 35 Concavity and convexity 16 Mountain part 17 Valley part 18 High-resilience polyurethane foam 19 Low-resilience polyurethane foam

Claims (5)

It consists of two elastic cushions stacked one above the other and an elastic sheet sandwiched between the two elastic cushions,
On the opposing surfaces of the two elastic cushions, a large number of concavo-convex portions including ridges and valleys are formed, and the ridges of these concavo-convex portions are formed on the opposite concavo-convex portions facing each other with an elastic sheet therebetween. A mattress characterized by being positioned so as to be positioned on a valley.   The mattress according to claim 1, wherein the uneven portion has a cross-sectional uneven shape along two directions orthogonal to each other.   The mattress according to claim 1, wherein the uneven portion has a cross-sectional uneven shape only along one direction.   The mattress according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the concavo-convex portion is corrugated.   The mattress according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a polyurethane foam is used as the elastic cushion and a polyurethane sheet is used as the elastic sheet.

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