IL292078A - Cardio pulmonary resuscitation (cpr) apparatus - Google Patents

Description

43714/22- CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) APPARATUS Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of life-saving appliances. More particularly, the present invention is cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) apparatus, for the performance of a full life-saving treatment adapted to varying patient’s body structure, without requiring the presence of medical personnel.

Background of the Invention The number one death factor in the U.S. is due to cardiac failure. According to the American Heart Association, in 2015, approximately 350,000 adults in the United States experienced nontraumatic Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) attended by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel. Less than 40% of adults receive layperson-initiated CPR, and fewer than 12% have an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) applied before EMS arrival (https://cpr.heart.org/-/media/cpr-files/cpr-guidelines- files/highlights/hghlghts_2020_ecc_guidelines_english.pdf). If such a cardiac failure is not treated within 4-6 minutes, the brain suffers from irreversible damage due to a lack of receiving oxygen. Since most cardiac failures occur before a paramedic reaches the patient (for whom it may take more than minutes to reach the patient, depending on his location and traffic conditions), the patient's chances to survive are very low. 43714/22- Cardiac failures can be heart attack, cardiac arrest and cardiac rate irregularities. In some cases, applying an electric shock to the heart with a defibrillator can improve the patient's condition, but in all cases, cardiac compression and continuous breathing are required until the patient is brought back to normal condition.

Conventional CPR systems usually used in hospitals and ambulances for treating heart events are large and cumbersome and also require the presence of professionals in the treatment area. Heart compression, for example, requires the intervention of a physician or a paramedic. In most cases, the physician/paramedic who provides the heart compression becomes tired quickly and a second professional person is needed to replace him. Frequently the physician/paramedic does not have the immediate information on the heart condition at the time of resuscitation, and therefore, he is unable to perform the rhythm compression specifically required for the patient.

When a person has a heart failure, generally, there is a need to perform CPR first followed by defibrillation and artificial respiration while resuscitating, to continue the blood flow to the brain to prevent brain damage and to keep the patient breathing (a heart malfunction can cause breathing arrest).

A cardiac failure can happen for several reasons, such as: 43714/22- 1. Irregular heart rate - in this case, a defibrillator that provides electrical pulses is used to restore heart rate while massaging the heart. 2. Myocardial infarction or obstruction in the blood vessels leading to and from the heart - in this case, it is very important to perform a cardiac compression at a specific rate and force corresponding to the specific condition.

Most of the conventional resuscitation and cardiac compression systems are large, cumbersome, heavy, and are operated manually or semi-manually (not fully automatic) and require a skilled team of doctors, nurses, or paramedics to operate them. יללכ רואית הז) – (תיפיצפס תכרעמל סחיב טרפל יאדכ אל It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a portable automated life-saving CPR apparatus, for performing full life-saving treatment to a patient having a cardiac arrest.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a portable automated life-saving CPR apparatus, for performing a full life-saving treatment, similar to the systems available in-hospital care, for a long time until a professional medical intervention is accessible.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a portable automated life-saving CPR apparatus, for automatically performing full life- saving treatment for varying patient’s body structures. 43714/22- It is a further object of the present invention to provide a portable automated life-saving system, which does not require a skilled operator, adapted to automatically performing full life-saving treatment to a patient by an unskilled person, before the arrival of a paramedic/physician.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a portable automated life-saving CPR apparatus, for continuously performing CPR to a patient during transportation or when a paramedic/physician cannot reach the patient’s chest.

Other objects and advantages of the invention are described in detail in the following sections.

Summary of the Invention A portable automated life-saving CPR apparatus, comprising: a) a base, for supporting a patient which is lying on the base; b) at least two legs, connected to the base by fastening means; c) an adjustable device connected to the legs, for controlling the opening of the legs according to the patient's body structure and dimensions; d) an apparatus body, made of rigid material, with dimensions overlap in length and width to the length and width of the patient's chest; e) a flexible inflatable balloon containing gas (e.g., CO2), attached to the body of the apparatus by adaptors; 43714/22- f) a miniature gas tank, for filling the inflatable balloon with gas, the tank mounted to the body of the apparatus by connectors; g) a control valve, for controlling the amount of gas flows to the inflatable balloon, the control valve has one inlet and two outlets, one outlet is connected to the inflatable balloon, and the other outlet is opened to the air of the atmosphere; h) a flexible hose for connecting the gas tank to the inflatable balloon, where one side of the hose is connected via a connector to an outlet tap of the gas tank, and the other side of the hose connected to the inflatable balloon via the control valve; i) a main controller adapted to be operated by and receiving commands from a dedicated application, for controlling the control valve, by determining the opening and closing times of the valve and the opening and closing duration, according to the treatment required to the patient, the controller comprises: i. a processor; ii. a memory; iii. an operating software; and iv. a transceiver (e.g., a wireless transceiver) that transmits data to the dedicated application installed on a remote device; ; and j) one or more batteries for supplying power to the CPR apparatus.

The inflatable balloon performs chest compressions to the patient at predetermined intensities and times, which are changed using the controller. 43714/22- The CPR apparatus may further comprise at least two electrodes, located at the points that face the patient’s thorax and being connected to the controller by a wireless or wired connection, for providing data required to the controller or to the dedicated application, for generating an electrograph, according to which a decision is taken, whether or not treatment initiation or termination is required.

The base may be foldable, consisting of at least two parts folding between them, using a hinge.

The apparatus body may be made of plastic, a composite material or carbon fibers.

The body of the CPR apparatus may have an arcuate rectangular shape, for allowing the body to connect to the flexible inflatable balloon.

The gas tank may be removable and replaced with a new full gas tank when it is empty.

The adaptors that are used to attach the flexible inflatable balloon to the body of the apparatus, may be selected from a group comprising: rubber bands, latches, rings, clips, clasps. 43714/22- The gas tank may be mounted to the body of the CPR apparatus by rings or to the body of the CPR apparatus by straps.

The dedicated application which controls the controller, may send commands and receive data from the transceiver is installed on a remote computer or on a remote mobile device.

A calibration table may be made manually or automatically in advance or during treatment locally or remotely, and indicates at any given time which pressure intensity the inflatable balloon will exert on the patient's chest, where the pressure intensity is proportional to the controls valve's opening and closing times and opening and closing duration.

The fastening means for connecting the legs to the base may be quick connectors, comprising female holes in the base and male connectors, configured to enter and connect the female holes by pressing.

The adjustable device for controlling the opening of the legs according to the patient's body structure and dimensions may comprise rails, on which the legs are moved inwardly and outwardly.

A piston may be used instead of the inflatable balloon, for performing chest compressions to a patient, wherein the piston is mounted on the body of the 43714/22- CPR apparatus with an adapter, so that the height of the piston is calibrated above the patient's chest.

A mechanism for adjusting the length of the vertical part of the legs may be incorporated by a telescopic arm or by a rail, so that the spacing of the body of the CPR apparatus above the patient's chest can be easily adjusted, according to the body structure and dimensions of the patient.

Brief Description of the Drawings The above and other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood through the following illustrative and non-limitative detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, with reference to the appended drawings, wherein: - Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the CPR apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention; - Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the CPR apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention; - Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the CPR apparatus, according to another embodiment of the present invention; - Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the base of the CPR apparatus of the present invention, lying on the ground; - Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the legs of the CPR apparatus of the present invention with an adjustable moving device for 43714/22- controlling the opening of the legs according to the patient's body structure and dimensions; and - Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the controlling valve of the CPR apparatus, according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description of the Present Invention The present invention relates to a portable automated life-saving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) apparatus, for the performance of a full life-saving treatment adapted to varying patient’s conditions, without requiring the presence of medical personnel. The proposed system is compact, lightweight, adapted to be worn on a patient's body of any body size and shape, and can be simply activated by a regular person without requiring any medical skills.

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the CPR apparatus 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The CPR apparatus 100 comprises a base , which can be foldable (i.e., the base may consist of two halves folding between them, using a hinge). The base 10 is lying on the ground and a patient 101 lies on the base, where the back of the patient touches the base 10 surface in the part of the back of the patent that opposite the patient's chest. When the patient is lying on the base 10, there is support to the patient's back, and the patient's weight attaches the base 10 to the ground. The base 10 is connected to two legs 11 by fastening means, for example: a quick connector 43714/22- (a quick adaptor). In the base 10 there are holes 10a, which uses as female parts of the quick connector. To the holes 10a (the female parts of the quick connector) enters male parts 11a of the legs 11 of the CPR apparatus 100. The male parts located at the bottom of each leg 11, enter the female parts 10a by pressing and automatically connecting the legs 11 to the base 10. The legs have an adjustable device with rails 12, for enabling to move the legs 11 on the rails 12 and by that, controlling the opening of the legs 11 according to the patient's 101 body structure and dimensions (for example: a child, an adult, thin or fat person, etc.). After laying the patient 101 on the back on the base of the apparatus 100, and adjusting the opening of the legs 11 according to the patient's body structure by symmetrically adjusting the legs 11 openings, each male part 11a of the quick connector is located in front of the corresponding female part 10a of the quick connector, and by pressing, the male parts 11a enter into the female parts 11a that are closest to the desired legs 11 openings.

When, for example, the patient 101 is a child or a thin person the legs 11 are moved on the rails 12 inwardly to reduce the opening of the legs 11, and when the patient 101 is for example a fat adult, the legs 11 are moved on the rails outwardly to increase the opening of the legs 11. The legs 11 are made from a rigid material, such as metal, and connected to an apparatus body 13 by adaptors. The apparatus body 13 is made of rigid material (plastic, for example or a composite material or carbon fibers) and its dimensions overlap in length and width the length and width of the patient's chest 101. The body 13 of the CPR apparatus 100 has an arcuate rectangular shape, for example, to allow the body 13 to connect to a flexible inflatable balloon 14 containing gas, for example, CO2. The inflation balloon 14 performs chest compressions to the 43714/22- patient 101 (CPR is performed by chest compressions) at predetermined intensities and times, which can be changed using a controller. The inflatable balloon 14 is attached to the inside of the body 13 of apparatus 100, using adaptors 14a (for example: rubber bands, latches, rings, clips, clasps, etc.). A miniature gas tank 15 (e.g. CO2) is mounted to the outer top of the body 13 of apparatus 100 by connectors (such as rings, straps, etc.), used to fill the flexible inflatable balloon 14 with gas. The body 13 of the CPR apparatus 100 which is connected to the legs 11 has an arched structure of a "bridge". The gas tank is connected via a flexible hose 16 to the inflatable balloon 14, where one side of the hose 16 is connected via a connector 16a to the outlet tap 15a of the gas tank 15, and the other side of the hose 16 connected to the inflatable balloon 14 via a control valve 17, which controls the amount of gas (CO 2) flows to said inflatable balloon 14. The gas tank 15 is removable and replaced with a new full gas tank when it is empty. The control valve 17 is controlled by controller (e.g., electronic controller). The controller 18 determines the position of the control valve 17 - open or closed, the opening and closing times of the valve and the opening and closing duration (according to the treatment required to the patient 101). The controller 18 contains a processor, memory and operating software, and a wireless transceiver that transmits data to a dedicated application that is installed, for example, on a computer or a mobile device 20.

The dedicated application allows remote control and sending commands to the controller 18 regarding the opening and closing times of control valve 17. As control valve 17 opens for a longer time, their flexible balloon inflates more and more and applies more pressure on the patient's chest 101. A calibration table can be made that indicates at any given time which pressure intensity the 43714/22- inflatable balloon 14 will exert on the patient's 101 chest. The pressure intensity is proportional to the control valve's 17 opening and closing times and opening and closing duration. The control valve 17 has one inlet 1 and two outlets 2 and 3 (shown in Figure 6). Outlet 2 is connected to the inflatable balloon 14 and outlet 3 is opened to the atmosphere (open to the outside air).

A mechanism for adjusting the length of the vertical part of the legs 11 may be incorporated (by a telescopic arm or rail, for example), so that the spacing of the body 13 of the CPR apparatus 100 above the patient's 101 chest can be easily adjusted, according to the body structure and dimensions of the patient 101. The CPR apparatus 100 includes one or more batteries for supplying power for the operation of the apparatus.

According to another embodiment, the inflatable balloon 14 will have at least two electrodes 21a and 21b, located at the points that face the patient’s thorax.

Both electrodes will be connected to the controller 18 by a wireless or wired connection. The electrodes 21a and 21b will provide data required to the controller 18, for generating an electrograph, according to which the controller 18 will take a decision whether or not treatment is required (in order to start treatment if required or to terminate a given treatment, if not required any more, due to sufficient improvement in the patient’s medical state).

Accordingly, the system will be activated only if the decision will be positive.

Alternatively, the data may be sent to the dedicated application for decision making. 43714/22- Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the CPR apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The gas tank 15 is full of CO 2, connected by two rings 15b to the body 13 of the CPR apparatus 100. The legs 11 are connected to the base 10 at the fourth female hole 10a, according to the desired opening of the legs 10.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the CPR apparatus, according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, there is a piston instead of the balloon 14 for performing chest compressions to the patient 1 (performing CPR). The rest of the system parts are the same as the embodiment that is shown in Fig. 1. A mechanism for adjusting the length of the vertical part of the legs 11 may be incorporated (by a telescopic arm or rail, for example), so that the spacing of the body 13 of the CPR apparatus 100 above the patient's 101 chest can be easily adjusted, according to the body structure and dimensions of the patient 101. The piston 19 can be a piston with a fixed stroke, for example, a stroke between 0 and 5 cm. In such a case, the piston 19 is mounted on the lower side of the body 13 of apparatus 100 with an adapter so that the height of the piston 19 can be calibrated above the patient's chest 101, in order to activate the piston 19 in such a manner that when the piston 19 is activated, its effective move will be less than the maximum. For example: in case the patient 101 is a child, the adapter will be adjusted so that when the piston 19 during a minimum stroke (0) its distance above the patient's chest 101 is, for example, 2 cm. As a result, the effective stroke of the piston 19 when pressing on the patient's 101 chest (the child's chest) will be only 3 cm (because 43714/22- there is 2cm spacing). The adapter can be operated manually (mechanically) or electronically, using an electromechanical mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the base of the CPR apparatus of the present invention, lying on the ground. The base is foldable and has two halves 10c and 10d, connected two each other by a hinge 10b. In each of the two halves 10a and 10b of the base 10 there is a plurality of female holes 10a, which are the female part of a quick connector. The female holes 10a are configured to receive the male parts 11a located at the bottom of the legs 11.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the legs of the CPR apparatus of the present invention with an adjustable moving device for controlling the opening of the legs according to the patient's body structure and dimensions. The adjustable device comprises rails 12, for enabling to move the legs 11 on the rails 12 and by that, controlling the opening of the legs 11 according to the patient's 101 body structure and dimensions (for example: a child, an adult, thin or fat person, etc.). When, for example, the patient 101 is a child of a thin person the legs 11 are moved on the rails 12 inwardly to reduce the opening of the legs 11, and when the patient 101 is for example a fat adult, the legs 11 are moved on the rails 12 outwardly to increase the opening of the legs 11. As mentioned before, after laying the patient 101 on the back on the base 10 of the apparatus 100, and adjusting the opening of the legs 11 according to the patient's body structure by symmetrically adjusting the legs 11 openings, each male part 11a of the quick connector is located in front of the corresponding 43714/22- female part 10a of the quick connector, and by pressing, the male parts 11a enter into the female parts 11a that are closest to the desired legs 11 openings.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the controlling valve 17 of the CPR apparatus, according to an embodiment of the invention. The control valve 17 has one inlet 1 and two outlets 2 and 3. Outlet 2 is connected to the inflatable balloon 14 and outlet 3 is open to the atmosphere (open to the outside air).

The operation manner of the CPR apparatus of the present invention: In case CPR is needed for a patient, the inlet 1 of the control valve 17 is open, the outlet 2 of the control valve 17 is also open and the outlet 3 is closed. The gas inside the gas tank 15 flows from the gas tank 15 into the inflatable balloon 14 and inflates it. Once the required compression force is reached, outlet 2 of the control valve 17 closes and after some delay (for example, half a second) where the patient's chest is pressed and presses on the patient's heart, the inflatable balloon 14 must be emptied to allow the patient's chest to rise back up. At this moment, the inlet 1 of the control valve 17 is closed to block and does not allow the flow of additional gas from the gas tank 15, the outlet 2 is opened and the outlet 3 is also open. As a result, the gas inside the inflatable balloon 14 which is in an inflated state is emptied into the air of the atmosphere through the outlet 3 (i.e., there is a gas flow in the opposite direction, from the balloon 14 to the atmospheric air and the balloon 14 empties and contracts).

This is a single CPR cycle. In the same way and when required, additional CPR cycles are performed by inflating and emptying the balloon 14 until the gas tank is completely emptied (more and more gas is constantly flowing into the air). 43714/22- Once the gas tank 15 is completely emptied, it can be replaced (the gas tank is removable, it has a quick connector), by disconnecting the quick connector of the empty gas tank 15 and replacing it with a full new tank. Thus, continuing with CPR and if necessary replacing more gas tanks in the same way. CPR must be continued until a skilled medical team arrives to treat the patient (such as doctors, paramedics, etc.), so CPR time can sometimes be long and requires the replacement of several gas tanks.

Although embodiments of the invention have been described by way of illustration, it will be understood that the invention may be carried out with many variations, modifications, and adaptations, without exceeding the scope of the claims.

Claims (19)

43714/22- CLAIMS

1. A portable automated life-saving CPR apparatus, comprising: a) a base, for supporting a patient which is lying on said base; b) at least two legs, connected to the base by fastening means; c) an adjustable device connected to said legs, for controlling the opening of said legs according to said patient's body structure and dimensions; d) an apparatus body, made of rigid material, with dimensions overlap in length and width to the length and width of said patient's chest; e) a flexible inflatable balloon containing gas, attached to the body of said apparatus by adaptors; f) a miniature gas tank, for filling said inflatable balloon with gas, said tank mounted to the body of said apparatus by connectors; g) a control valve, for controlling the amount of gas flows to said inflatable balloon, said control valve has one inlet and two outlets, one outlet is connected to said inflatable balloon, and the other outlet is opened to the air of the atmosphere; h) a flexible hose for connecting said gas tank to said inflatable balloon, where one side of said hose is connected via a connector to an outlet tap of said gas tank, and the other side of said hose connected to said inflatable balloon via said control valve; i) a main controller adapted to be operated by and receiving commands from a dedicated application, for controlling said control valve, by determining the opening and closing times of said valve and the opening and closing duration, according to the treatment required to said patient, said controller comprises: 43714/22- v. a processor; vi. a memory; vii. an operating software; and viii. a transceiver that transmits data to said dedicated application installed on a remote device; ; and j) one or more batteries for supplying power to said CPR apparatus, wherein said inflatable balloon performs chest compressions to the patient at predetermined intensities and times, which are changed using said controller.

2. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least two electrodes, located at the points that face the patient’s thorax and being connected to the controller by a wireless or wired connection, for providing data required to the controller or to the dedicated application, for generating an electrograph, according to which a decision is taken, whether or not treatment initiation or termination is required.

3. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the base is foldable, consists of at least two parts folding between them, using a hinge.

4. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus body is made of plastic, a composite material or carbon fibers. 43714/22-

5. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the body of the CPR apparatus has an arcuate rectangular shape, for allowing said body to connect to the flexible inflatable balloon.

6. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas inside the gas tank is CO2.

7. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas tank is removable and replaced with a new full gas tank when it is empty.

8. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adaptors that are used to attach the flexible inflatable balloon to the body of said apparatus, are selected from a group comprising: rubber bands, latches, rings, clips, clasps.

9. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas tank is mounted to the body of the CPR apparatus by rings.

10. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas tank is mounted to the body of the CPR apparatus by straps.

11. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dedicated application which controls the controller, sends commands and receives data from the transceiver is installed on a remote computer. 43714/22-

12. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dedicated application which controls the controller, sends commands and receives data from the transceiver is installed on a remote mobile device.

13. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transceiver is a wireless transceiver.

14. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a calibration table is made manually or automatically in advance or during treatment locally or remotely, and indicates at any given time which pressure intensity the inflatable balloon will exert on the patient's chest, where the pressure intensity is proportional to the controls valve's opening and closing times and opening and closing duration.

15. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fastening means for connecting the legs to the base are quick connectors, comprising female holes in the base and male connectors, configured to enter and connect said female holes by pressing.

16. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable device for controlling the opening of the legs according to the patient's body structure and dimensions comprises rails, on which the legs are moved inwardly and outwardly. 43714/22-

17. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a piston instead of the inflatable balloon, for performing chest compressions to a patient, wherein the piston is mounted on the body of the CPR apparatus with an adapter, so that the height of the piston is calibrated above the patient's chest.

18. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a mechanism for adjusting the length of the vertical part of the legs is incorporated by a telescopic arm, so that the spacing of the body of the CPR apparatus above the patient's chest can be easily adjusted, according to the body structure and dimensions of the patient.

19. The CPR apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a mechanism for adjusting the length of the vertical part of the legs is incorporated by a rail, so that the spacing of the body of the CPR apparatus above the patient's chest can be easily adjusted, according to the body structure and dimensions of the patient.