FI131531B1 - Flow-through projectile and method for achieving flow-through in a flow-through projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flow-through projectile (1) which has a stabilizer part (2) consisting of a shaft (3) and wings (4), through which shaft (3) runs a channel (9), a cylindrical cavity (6), which cavity encloses the piston-like projection (5) of the stabilizer part (2), and which cavity (6) in the rear part of the projectile (1) is at least partially closed by a closing part (21) which has an opening for the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2), and from the tip of the flow-through projectile (1) a channel (12) runs to the cavity (6) and that in the channel (9) which runs through the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2) there is a clogging needle (10), which clogging needle (10) is provided with channels/grooves (14), and which clogging needle (10) is arranged to clog the tip channel (12) for the time it takes to firing the projectile (1). The invention also relates to a method for achieving a through-flow in the through-flow projectile.

Description

FLOW-THROUGH AMMUNITION AND METHOD FOR FLOW-THROUGH AMMUNITION

TO ORGANIZE A BREAK

The invention relates to a flow-through projectile and a method for arranging the flow of a flow-through projectile according to the independent patent claims. The solutions according to the invention are suitable for use in particular, but not exclusively, in heavy weapons, where they offer improved accuracy and impact velocity compared to traditional projectiles.

Cartridges suitable for weapons typically consist of a projectile, which is — a general term that includes all projectiles that can be fired. The main types of ammunition are bullets, grenades and special ammunition. Ammunition can include, among others, sharp arrows, blunt-ended flintlocks, slingstones, cannonballs, shrapnel and stones fired from catapults. A cartridge, on the other hand, refers to an ammunition combination in which the projectile with any fuzes, the case, the powder charge and the primer are connected into a single unit. — A cartridge contains all the elements necessary to set the projectile in motion as a single unit. Almost all small-caliber firearms are cartridge-fired weapons.

In cartridge firing, the projectile and the propellant are loaded into the weapon separately. This type of firing is used especially in large-caliber (over 100 mm) cannons, where the use of cartridge firing does not make sense for technical reasons: the physical size and weight of the cartridge would increase too much. In this case, the projectile is loaded into the chamber first, and then the cartridge containing the propellant, which can be in a brass case containing a fuse, or in a textile or

S in a cardboard box, where the separate lighter is inserted last before closing the lock.

N Especially in very large-caliber naval guns, textile-wrapped powder bags are popular,

S 25 — so the amount of propellant can be easily adjusted in relation to the shooting distance.

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E Bullet usually refers to the non-explosive = projectile, or part of a cartridge, of a small-caliber weapon, usually less than 20 mm, that is fired at a target. Hunting gun bullets consist of a ? usually brass alloy jacket and a lead core. The jacket can also be soft

S 30 — steel and a core of some other metal than lead. Bullets can also be made entirely of lead or another metal. Today, all-copper bullets are also used in big game hunting due to the material's suitable softness (does not damage the barrel of the gun) and toughness (changes shape on impact but does not fragment).

In everyday language, a rifling (groove, scratch) most commonly refers to a gently curving groove running along the inner surface of a firearm barrel, a rifling groove, the function of which is to cause a bullet or other projectile to rotate around its longitudinal axis during its flight to improve accuracy. Rifled barrels are now used in almost all rifles, pistols and cannons. Unrifled or smooth barrels are now used in shotguns, grenade launchers, rocket launchers, tank guns and some cannons.

The number of riflings in the barrel of a handgun is usually four to eight, but other solutions are also used. The number of riflings in rifle caliber weapons is usually four to six, and they are made for the entire length of the barrel. An exception is a separate, fluted reduction sleeve made for a shotgun. The distance during which one rifling makes a full turn in the barrel is called the rifling pitch. The depth of the rifling in a handgun is usually between 0.1-0.3 mm and — pitch about one revolution over a distance of 20-30 cm. A long bullet usually needs a short rifling pitch to stabilize. Too frequent rifling pitch can cause a phenomenon called overstabilization, in which the bullet does not change its axial angle according to the angle of the trajectory. In this case, it finds itself in an oblique position in its trajectory relative to its direction of travel, which is disastrous for both accuracy and power. The pressure level and the weapon's susceptibility to wear may also increase, — the barrel may become copper-plated faster than normal and accuracy may therefore suffer.

Although rifle-caliber weapons have improved significantly in accuracy since the introduction of rifling, the opposite development has also occurred. Among other things,

N tanks use smoothbore guns that fire tail-stabilized A 25 shells. Accuracy and penetration are good and the first shot at, for example, 3 enemy tanks can be fired from about 3,000 meters or even further. Smoothbore guns can achieve higher muzzle velocities than rifled guns, which in this context

E means longer sweep range and better armor penetration, especially with = sub-caliber and arrow shells and armor-piercing grenades. 3 30

N A bullet can also have grooves called rifling. This is the case, for example, in some shotgun bullets. These are called air rifling, and their purpose is the same as the rifling in the barrel: to cause the bullet to rotate, in this case using air resistance.

Flechette, or arrow projectile or cartridge, is based on arrow-shaped “bullets.” They resemble nails with arrow-shaped fins on the ends to stabilize the flight.

They do not fragment on target. Arrow projectiles are used in military operations against human targets. They are designed for various weapons: cannons, rifles, pistols and shotguns. Arrow projectiles are particularly effective against various protective equipment such as body armor, flak vests and helmets. For this reason, the use of arrow projectiles is often limited to official use only.

Sub-caliber arrow projectiles are mainly used against other tanks. An arrow projectile used in a smooth-bore tank gun (100-125 mm) reaches an initial velocity of over 1,500 m/s. The arrow itself is a sharp-tipped “dart” with a diameter of 2-3 cm and a length of over half a meter (the dimensions depend on the caliber of the weapon), with small fins at the end that stabilize the flight. The arrow is made of a hard and very heavy metal: “tungsten” or “DU” (depleted uranium). The penetration of the arrow projectile is based on a very high impact velocity, high kinetic energy and a small impact surface. The tip of the arrow is already inside the tank while the tail is still outside. The arrow's high weight to cross-sectional area maintains flight speed and allows for earlier firing of other ammunition, and the short flight time forgives errors in range and advance judgment. The high penetration velocity releases hot fragments from the armor, which cause fires and explosions inside the vehicle, destroying the vehicle's structures and crew. Oxidation of depleted uranium (DU) in the penetration reduces penetration friction and causes an explosion in the vehicle.

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LÖ 25 3 The caliber of the main gun of a main battle tank (MBT) (100-125 mm) is arrow = larger for firing fragmentation and hollow-point grenades and missiles. Therefore, a thin arrow is

E is tied to its barrel with a sealing and centering sabot, which is, for example, an aluminum = sealing sleeve consisting of sectors. The sabot guides the arrow through the tube and opens 3 30 — due to air resistance, separating from the arrow as the sectors scatter into the foreground. The arrow may penetrate

N several meters of armor steel. Today, a sub-caliber arrow projectile is the main PST projectile against heavily armored targets, such as battle tanks.

The solution according to the invention enables the air resistance of projectiles fired with unrifled, smooth barrels to be significantly reduced compared to similar projectiles according to the prior art. The solution according to the invention allows the projectile's flight distance to be significantly increased. This enables the use of smaller charges, greater accuracy and a higher impact velocity when the bullet hits the target. At the same time, the effect of rifling on the accuracy of the shot, which becomes significant when firing at long distances, is eliminated.

The solution according to the invention comprises a flow-through projectile, which is fired with a smooth-bore barrel. The flow-through projectile according to the invention is also an arrow projectile. Hereinafter, the shorter term projectile is used for flow-through projectile.

When the projectile is in the barrel of the weapon, the powder gas generated during firing can pass into the projectile through the grooves on the outer surface of the closing pin located on the central axis of the projectile, in the channel of the stabilizer arm. The powder gas entering the projectile pushes the stabilizer of the projectile out of the projectile. The stabilizer is preferably attached to the projectile due to friction when it is pushed to its outermost position. When the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon, the pressure of the powder gas inside the projectile begins to decrease.

Correspondingly, the pressure created by the air flow in the channel at the tip of the projectile increases — as the speed of the projectile increases. The pressure in the tip channel exceeds the decreasing pressure of the powder gas inside the projectile and the closing pin moves from the front position to the rear position, allowing air flow to enter the projectile along the opening tip channel. The flange part/piston-like projection of the closing pin presses against the rear part of the projectile's — cavity.

N Through the channels/grooves of the flange part/piston-like projection, the air flow entering the projectile tip channel a 25 — cavity can exit the projectile through the grooves of the closing needle 3 along the channel of the stabilization part. The air flow passing through the projectile significantly reduces the = air resistance of the projectile, whereby the projectile properties (accuracy, speed,

E impact force etc.) are improved considerably. The projectile may have one or more = sealing rings to seal the gap between the projectile and the gun barrel. The use of a smooth barrel 3 30 — enables the use of higher muzzle velocities than before and thus

N — extending the shooting range and increasing accuracy = especially — at long shooting ranges. The projectile can be put into a rotating motion similar to the movement achieved by rifling by shaping the tail of the stabilizing part. When rifling is not required in the gun barrel, the barrel manufacturing process is simplified. Typically, the solution according to the invention is advantageous for projectiles with a diameter of % inch and larger. 5 In the following, the invention is described in more detail by means of application examples with reference to the accompanying simplified drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic drawing of a preferred projectile according to the invention before the projectile is fired, Figure 2 shows a simplified schematic drawing of a preferred projectile according to the invention immediately after the projectile is fired, Figure 3 shows a simplified schematic drawing of a preferred projectile according to the invention after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon, Figures 4a and 4b show some preferred embodiments of the projectile's locking pin, Figure 5 shows a simplified schematic drawing of a projectile according to another preferred embodiment, Figure 6 shows a simplified schematic drawing of a locking piece according to an embodiment, and <t

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& Figure 7 shows a simplified schematic diagram of another embodiment

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3. = a The terms front, front and similar hereinafter refer to the direction or surface corresponding to the direction of flight of the projectile = and the terms rear, rear and similar 3 30 — refer to the direction or surface opposite to the direction of flight of the projectile.

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N Longitudinal direction refers to the direction of the gun barrel.

Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic diagram of a preferred flow-through projectile 1 according to the invention, hereinafter also referred to as a projectile, before the projectile is fired. The stabilizing part 2, i.e. the tail part, of the projectile 1 is in a retracted position inside the projectile. The stabilizing part 2 consists of a shaft 3, wings 4 in the rear part of the stabilizing part and a piston-like projection 5 in the front part of the stabilizing part. Inside the projectile 1 there remains a space/cavity 6, which is mainly limited by the closure part 21 at least partially closing the rear part of the projectile, the front wall 22 of the cavity 6, which has a recess 23 for the front part 11 of the closure needle 10 and the side wall 8 of the cylindrical space/cavity 6 of the inner part of the projectile. The closure part 21 has an opening in which the stabilizing part 2 can move between its front and rearmost positions.

The shaft 3 of the stabilizing part 2 of the projectile 1 has a channel 9, inside which at least partially is located a closing pin 10. The closing pin 10 can move under the influence of pressure in the channel 9 of the shaft 3 of the stabilizing part 2. The closing pin 10 is in its front position, whereby its front part 11 is in the recess 23 of the front wall 22 of the cavity and closes the tip channel 12 of the projectile 1. The front wall 22 of the cavity 6 can also be a plane surface, whereby a separate recess 23 is not needed for the front part 11 of the closing pin 10. However, it is preferable to use a recess 23 in this embodiment to ensure better functionality. — Through the grooves of the closing pin 10 (shown in more detail in Figures 4a and 4b), the powder gases enter the space/cavity 6 of the projectile 1 in front of the piston-like projection 5 of the stabilizing part 2.

Examples of a preferred cross-section A-A of the locking pin 10 are shown in Figures 4a and 4b. The propellant gases press the locking pin 10 against the front part 11 in the space/cavity of the tip channel 12.

N 6 coming from the opening 13 in the recess 23 of the front wall 22 closes the tip channel and at the same time a 25 — the powder gases push the stabilizing part 2 of the projectile 1 out of the projectile, whereby the piston-like projection 5 of the stabilizing part 3 presses against the closing part 21 and preferably wedges its edges against the wall 8 of the projectile cavity 6. = = Figure 2 shows the projectile 1 according to Figure 1 at the stage when the projectile leaves the barrel of the weapon. The stabilizing part 2 of the projectile 1 has now protruded out of the rear part of the projectile

N due to the gunpowder pressure acting inside the projectile and the piston-like projection 5 of the stabilizing part is preferably attached due to friction to the wall 8 of the projectile cavity 6 and against the closing part 21. The closing needle 10 and its front part 11 are still in their front position, whereby the front part is in the recess 23 of the front wall 22 of the cavity 6 against the opening 13 of the tip channel 12, closing the tip channel. Gradually, the pressure of the powder gas decreases as the pressure is released through the channel 9 of the stabilizing part 2 of the projectile 1. As the internal pressure of the projectile 1 decreases, the air pressure acting on the front part 11 of the closing needle 10 blocking the tip channel 12 through the tip channel 12 becomes greater than the internal pressure of the projectile, causing the closing needle to move from the front position to the rear position in the channel 9 of the stabilizing part 2 of the projectile.

Figure 3 shows the projectile 1 according to Figures 1 and 2 at the stage when the projectile flow channel 20 has completely opened. The closing needle 10 has moved to its rearmost position due to the air pressure in the projectile tip channel 12, whereby the front part 11 of the closing needle is pressed against the piston-like projection 5 of the stabilizing part 2.

The flow channel 20 through the projectile 1 consists of the tip channel 12, the space/cavity 6, the channels of the front part 11 of the closing pin 10 and the channels formed by the grooves of the closing pin and the wall of the channel 9 of the stabilizing part 2. The air flow can now pass through the tip channel 12 of the projectile into the space/cavity 6 and from there out through the front part 11 of the closing pin 10 and the grooves of the closing pin (see Figures 4a and 4b) out of the projectile. The front part 11 of the closing pin 10 therefore has openings/grooves for the flow of air/powder gas from the side of the front part to the grooves of the closing pin. Thanks to the flow, the air resistance of the projectile 1 can be reduced considerably, as the trailing vortex formed behind the projectile can be reduced or — completely eliminated. The stem 3 of the stabilizing part 2 widens as it moves towards the piston 5 and is larger in diameter at the base of the piston than the opening in the closing part 21 for frictional attachment of the stabilizing part 2 to the closing part. When the stem 3 of the stabilizing part 2 is firmly attached to the closing part 21 by friction, a rise can be made in the wings 4 of the stabilizing part, which allows

N the creation of a rotational movement of the projectile 1 around its own longitudinal axis. The pitch of the wings 4 a 25 — creates a similar effect for the projectile 1 as the rifling of the gun barrel. 3 In the solution according to the invention, the gun barrel is therefore unrifled. The wings 4 can also be shaped in another way so that the projectile 1 is created in a rotational movement around its longitudinal axis

E around. Similarly, the stabilizing part 2 may consist of two or more telescopic = parts, whereby the length of the stabilizing part can be increased. The telescopic parts 3 30 — are attached to each other by means of friction when the stabilizing part 2 is at its maximum length. &

Figures 4a and 4b show some preferred embodiments of the cross-section of the locking pin 10. Grooves 14 are made in the locking pin 10, whereby the air flow/powder gas can flow from the smaller/partial parts of the channel 9 formed in the channel 9 of the locking pin and the stabilization part 2 of the projectile 1 into or out of the projectile, as shown in the previous figures 1-3. Figures 4a and 4b show the inner surface of the channel 9 with a dashed line. The cross-section of the channel 9 is preferably circular, but it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the shape of the cross-sections of the channel 9 and the locking pin 10 can also be something else. What is essential is that one or more smaller channels for air/powder gas are formed between the channel 9 and the locking pin 10.

Figure 5 shows a simplified schematic drawing of another preferred embodiment of the projectile 1 according to the invention. The operation and structure of the projectile are essentially the same as in the embodiments described above. In this embodiment, however, the closing pin 10 of the projectile 1 can be completely removed from the projectile after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon, when the air pressure from the tip channel 12 presses the closing pin through the channel 9 of the stabilizing part 2. This is possible with a solution in which, at the moment of firing the projectile 1, the front part 11 of the closing pin 10 blocking the tip channel 12 in the recess 23 of the front wall 22 of the cavity 6 of the projectile has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the channel 9 of the stabilizing part 2. In this case, the air pressure from the tip channel 12 presses the closing pin 10 completely out of the projectile 1 through the channel 9 of the stabilizing part 2. When a larger flow passes through the projectile 1 through the open flow channel 20, the air resistance of the projectile can be reduced — effectively.

In the embodiments described above, it is essential that the gunpowder pressure presses the closing pin 10 to block the tip channel 12 and, as the gunpowder pressure decreases, the air pressure inside the projectile 1

N can push the closing pin backwards, whereby the flow channel through the projectile a 25 — opens. The structure of the front part 11 of the closing pin 10 may also be different from that shown in Figures 3. What is essential is that the closing pin 10 enables the entry of powder pressure into the projectile = 1 and blocks the tip channel 12 during the firing of the projectile. = = Figure 6 shows the operation of the closing piece 30 at the tip of a projectile 1 according to one embodiment. The use of the closing piece 30 prevents impurities from entering the tip channel 12 of the projectile 1 during storage and movement of the projectile. The outer part 31 of the closing piece is made of two or more parts connected together, which are separated from each other and leave the tip channel 12 after the projectile 1 has left the barrel of the weapon.

The inner part 32 of the closure piece 30 holds the outer parts 31 of the closure piece in place as the projectile 1 accelerates inside the barrel due to the conical contact surface 33 between the parts. To facilitate assembly and installation of the closure piece 30, it is advantageous to manufacture the outer part 31 and the inner part 32 so that there is a clearance 36 between them.

The outer parts 31 of the breech block 30 protrude from the tip channel 12 of the projectile 1 as the breech pin is pushed forward by the force of the powder pressure entering the projectile and as the breech pin 10 presses the inner part 32 of the breech block forward. The shoulder 37 of the breech pin 10 and the shoulder 38 of the corresponding tip channel 12 stop the forward movement of the breech pin so that — the breech block 30 protrudes from the tip channel only by the distance necessary to push out the breech block 30. The conical shape 33 of the front edge of the inner part 32 of the breech block 30 against the corresponding conical surface of the outer part 31 of the breech block keeps the outer parts of the breech block in place during the acceleration phase of the projectile in the barrel of the weapon. The conical shape 33 of the front edge of the inner part 32 is such that the central axis of the projectile has a conical tip, whereby the conical shape opens towards the tip of the projectile. After the acceleration phase, the small pit/recess 34 in the tip of the outer part 31 of the closure body 30 causes the outer parts of the closure body to separate from each other by means of air pressure, whereby all parts 31 and 32 of the closure body can fall into the front terrain and the closure needle 10 is pressed by means of air pressure to its rearmost position or — completely out of the projectile. The closure needle 10 can also be provided with a seal 35 in this and all the embodiments presented above. The seal can also be built on the projectile side. Any seal according to the known technology can be used as a seal.

N The use of the blocking piece 30 also improves the efficiency and penetration of the projectile 1. s 25 — After the blocking piece 30 leaves the tip channel 12 of the projectile 1, a circular cutting impact surface remains on the tip 3 of the projectile, which reduces the ability of the projectile to rebound = from the surface of the target. The cutting impact surface helps the projectile to penetrate the target.

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= Figure 7 shows another preferred embodiment of the closure member 30. 3 30 The outer part 31 of the closure member 30 is made of two or more joined together

N parts that separate from each other and exit the tip channel 12 after the projectile 1 has left the barrel of the weapon. In this embodiment, the inner part 32 of the closure piece 30 of Figure 6 is not present at all.

The inwardly opening conical shape of the closing pin 10 holds the outer parts 31 of the closing piece in place as the projectile 1 accelerates inside the barrel due to the conical shape 33 of the rear surface of the closing piece 30. To facilitate assembly and installation of the closing piece 30, the outer part 31 can be manufactured so that there is a gap 36 between them. In this embodiment, the closing piece 30 consists only of the outer part 31, which comprises — a small pit/recess 34 at the tip of the closing piece. The outer part 31 consists of two or more parts that can fall into the front area after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon. The diameter of the closing pin 10 is such throughout that it can be pushed out of the projectile due to the air pressure coming from the tip channel. Figure 7 shows that the diameter of the closure needle 10 decreases at the closure piece 30, but it can also be kept the same thickness as further along the channel 12 (at the seal 35 in Figures 6 and 7).

The projectile 1 according to the invention is preferably, but not necessarily, provided with one or more grooves containing a sealing ring on the outer circumference of the projectile, which sealing rings — seal the projectile against the inner surface of the gun barrel (not shown in the figures). This allows the maximum use of the powder pressure. The sealing rings are typically made of copper, a copper-bronze alloy or a similar material suitable for sealing the projectile. — The method according to the invention for arranging the flow through the projectile 1 comprises one or more of the following steps: - — producing a projectile 1 comprising a cavity 6,

N - — a tip channel 12 is made from the tip of the projectile 1 to the cavity 6, a 25 - the projectile 1 is equipped with a stabilizing part 2 and a 3 closing pin 10 in the channel 9 of the stabilizing part stem 3, whereby the piston-like projection 5 of the stabilizing part is located in the cavity 6, = - — a front part 11 is made for the closing pin 10 such that its diameter is larger than

E diameter of channel 9 of stabilizing part 2, = - — the front part 11 of the closing needle 10 is manufactured so that its diameter is smaller than 3 30 diameter of channel 9 of stabilizing part 2,

N - — the cavity 6 is closed at least partially at the rear of the projectile 1 with a closing part 21, - — the closing pin 10 is shaped so that when the closing pin is in the channel 9 of the shaft 3 of the stabilizing part 2, part of the channel remains open,

- the stabilizing part 2 of the projectile 1 is pressed out of the projectile to its rearmost position with the pressure of the powder gas and the front part 11 of the closing needle 10 against the opening 13 of the tip channel 12, - the powder gas pressure in the cavity 6 is allowed to decrease through the channel 9 of the stabilizing part 2 arm 3 after the projectile 1 has left the barrel of the weapon, - — the closing needle 10 is pressed out of the opening 13 of the tip channel 12 with the air pressure of the tip channel 12, whereby the flow-through channel 20 opens through the projectile 1, - — the front part 11 of the closing needle 10 is pressed against the piston-like projection 5 of the stabilizing part 2 with the air pressure of the tip channel 12, - the closing needle 10 is pressed completely out of the projectile with the air pressure of the tip channel 12, whereby the flow-through channel 20 opens through the projectile 1.

In addition to this, the method may also comprise the following steps: - the tip channel 12 of the projectile 1 is closed with a closure piece 30, which closure piece is pushed out of the tip channel by a closure needle 10 by means of gunpowder pressure, whereby the closure piece opens and drops out after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon, - the closure piece 30 is assembled from two or more outer parts 31, - the closure piece 30 is assembled from two or more outer parts 31 and an inner part 32, - the arm 3 of the stabilization part 2 is frictionally attached to the closure part 21, and - — the wings 4 of the arm 3 of the stabilization part 2 are shaped to cause the projectile 1 to rotate around its own longitudinal axis.

N The steps of the method described above may also be in a different order and not all steps of the method described above are included in all embodiments. It is essential for the method that the flow-through channel is closed when the projectile is in the gun barrel and that the flow-through channel opens automatically when the pressure inside the projectile is reduced.

E decreases and the pressure in the tip channel increases. Thanks to the opening of the through-flow channel = the air resistance of the projectile is significantly reduced, which enables, among other things, improved accuracy, increased velocity and the use of lower powder pressure. The above

Based on N, the locking pin can remain attached to the projectile or, alternatively, it can completely detach from the projectile through the channel in the stabilizing part.

It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited solely to the examples presented above, but may vary within the scope of the claims presented below. <t

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PATENT CLAIMS

1. A flow-through projectile (1), comprising a stabilizing part (2) consisting of a shaft (3) and wings (4), wherein a channel (9) passes through the shaft (3), a cylindrical cavity (6), inside the cavity (6) of which there is a piston-like projection (5) of the stabilizing part (2) and which cavity (6) is at least partially closed from the rear of the projectile (1) by a closing part (21) having an opening for the shaft (3) of the stabilizing part (2), characterized in that there is a channel (12) from the tip of the flow-through projectile (1) to the cavity (6) and that there is a closing pin (10) in the channel (9) passing through the shaft (3) of the stabilizing part (2), which closing pin (10) comprises channels/grooves (14) and which closing pin (10) is arranged to block the tip channel (12) during the firing of the projectile (1). 2. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wall (22) of the cavity (6) has a recess (23) for the front part (11) of the closing pin (10). 3. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow-through projectile (1) comprises one or more sealing rings between the flow-through projectile (1) and the barrel of the weapon. 4. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the stabilizing part (2) comprises two or more telescopic parts. 5. A flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-4, characterized in that the stem (3) of the stabilizing part (2) widens as it moves towards the piston (5) and has a larger diameter at the base of the piston (5) than the opening of the closure part (21) for frictionally securing the stabilizing part (2) to the closure part (21). 6. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the wings (4) of the stabilizing part (2) are shaped to cause the flow-through projectile (1) to rotate.

N around its own longitudinal axis. a 25 7. A flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6, characterized in that the diameter of the front part (11) of the closing needle (10) is larger than the diameter of the channel (9) of the stabilizing part (2) = the stem (3) for holding the closing needle (10) in the projectile (1).

E 8. A flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6, characterised in that the diameter of the front part (11) of the closing needle (10) is smaller than the diameter of the channel (9) of the arm (3) of the stabilizing part (2) for removing the needle part (10) from the projectile (1).

N 9. A flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 or 3-6, characterized in that the tip channel (12) has a closure part (30).

10. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the closure part (30) comprises two or more outer parts (31) and an inner part (32), wherein the front part of the inner part (32) is formed as a conical surface (33) which opens towards the tip of the projectile (1) such that when the inner part (32) presses against the corresponding conical surface of the outer parts (31), the closure part (30) remains together during the acceleration phase of the projectile (1), and that the tip of the closure part (30) has a recess (34) by means of which air pressure splits the closure part (30) after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon. 11. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the closure part (30) comprises two or more outer parts (31), wherein the front part of the closure needle (10) is formed as a conical surface (33) which opens towards the tip of the projectile (1) such that when the closure needle (10) presses against the corresponding conical surface of the outer parts (31), the closure part (30) remains together during the acceleration phase of the projectile (1) and that the tip of the closure part (30) has a recess (34) by means of which air pressure splits the closure part (30) after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon. 12. A flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-11, characterized in that a seal (35) is provided between the closure needle (10) and the projectile (1). 13. A method for arranging the flow of a flow-through projectile (1), which method comprises the following steps: - producing a flow-through projectile (1) comprising a cavity (6), - preparing a tip channel (12) from the tip of the flow-through projectile (1) to the cavity (6), - equipping the flow-through projectile (1) with a stabilizing part (2) and a closing needle (10) in the channel (9) of the stem (3) of the stabilizing part (2), whereby the piston-like projection (5) of the stabilizing part (2) is located in the cavity (6),

N - the cavity (6) is closed at least partially at the rear of the flow-through projectile (1) with a closure part

No. 25 (21),

E - the closing needle (10) is shaped so that when the closing needle (10) is in the channel (9) of the stem = (3) of the stabilizing part (2), part of the channel (9) remains open,

E - the stabilizing part (2) of the through-flow projectile (1) is pressed out by the pressure of the powder gas = from the through-flow projectile (1) and the opening (13) of the tip channel (12) is blocked with the front part (11) of the closing pin (10),

N - the powder gas pressure in the cavity (6) is allowed to decrease through the channel (9) of the stem (3) of the stabilizing member (2) after the through-flow projectile (1) has exited the barrel of the weapon, and

- the closing needle (10) is pressed out of the opening (13) of the tip channel (12) by the air pressure of the tip channel (12), whereby the through-flow channel (20) opens through the projectile. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the method comprises a step in which the arm (3) of the stabilizing part (2) is frictionally attached to the closing part (21). 15 The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the method comprises a step in which the wings (4) of the arm (3) of the stabilizing part (2) are shaped to cause the through-flow projectile (1) to rotate about its own longitudinal axis. 16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 13-15, characterized in that the method comprises a step in which the diameter of the front part (11) of the closing needle (10) is made larger than the diameter of the channel (9) of the arm (3) of the stabilizing part (2). 17. A method according to any one of the preceding claims 13-15, characterized in that the method comprises a step in which the diameter of the front part (11) of the closing pin (10) is made smaller than the diameter of the channel (9) of the arm (3) of the stabilizing part (2). 18. A method according to any one of the preceding claims 13-15, characterized in that the tip channel (12) is closed with a closing piece (30) and the closing piece (30) is removed from the tip channel (12) by means of powder pressure and air flow after the projectile (1) has left the barrel of the weapon. 19. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that the closing piece (30) is assembled from two or more outer parts (31). — 20. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that the closing piece (30) is assembled from two or more outer parts (31) and an inner part (32). <t

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Claims (20)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A flow-through projectile (1) having a stabilizer part (2) consisting of a shaft (3) and wings (4), through which shaft (3) runs a channel (9), a cylindrical cavity (6), which cavity encloses the piston-like protrusion (5) of the stabilizer part (2), and which cavity (6) in the rear part of the projectile (1) is at least partially closed by a closing part (21) which has an opening for the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2), characterized in that a channel (12) runs from the tip of the flow-through projectile (1) to the cavity (6) and that in the channel (9) which runs through the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2) there is a plug (10), which plug (10) is provided with channels/slots (14), and which plug (10) is arranged to plug the tip channel (12) for the time it takes to launch the projectile (1). 2. Flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wall (22) of the cavity (6) has a recess (23) for the front part (11) of the clogging needle (10). 3. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow-through projectile (1) comprises one or more sealing rings between the flow-through projectile (1) and the barrel of the weapon. 4. A flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the stabiliser part has two or more telescopic parts. 5. Flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2) becomes wider in the direction towards the piston (5) and is larger in diameter at the base of the piston (5) than the opening of the closing part (21) for frictionally attaching the stabilizer part (2) to the closing part (21). N 25 6. Flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the wings (4) of the stabilizer part 3 (2) are designed to set the flow-through projectile (1) in rotational movement N about its own longitudinal axis. E 7. Flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 - 6, characterised in that the diameter of the front part (11) of the clogging needle (10) is larger than the diameter of the channel (9) in the shaft (3) of the stabiliser part (2) to hold the N clogging needles (10) inside the projectile (1). 8. A flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 - 6, characterised in that the diameter of the front part (11) of the clogging needle (10) is smaller than the diameter of the channel (9) in the shaft (3) of the stabiliser part (2) for removing the needle part (10) from the projectile (1). 9. Flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 or 3 - 6, characterized in that a blocking part (30) is present in the tip channel (12). 10. Flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the blocking part (30) has two or more outer portions (31) and an inner portion (32), wherein the inner portion (32) at the front is designed as a conical surface (33) which is open towards the tip of the projectile (1) so that the blocking part (30) closes during the acceleration stage of the projectile (1) when the inner portion (32) is pressed against the corresponding conical surface of the outer portions (31), and that in the tip of the blocking part (30) there is a recess (34) by means of which the air pressure splits the blocking part (30) after the projectile has exited the barrel of the weapon. 11. Flow-through projectile (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the blocking part (30) has two or more outer portions (31) and an inner portion (32), wherein the blocking needle (10) at the front is designed as a conical surface (33) which is open towards the tip of the projectile (1) so that the blocking part (30) closes during the acceleration stage of the projectile (1) when the blocking needle (10) is pressed against the corresponding conical surface of the outer portions (31), and that in the tip of the blocking part (30) there is a recess (34) by means of which the air pressure splits the blocking part (30) after the projectile has exited the barrel of the weapon. 12. Flow-through projectile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 - 11, characterized in that there is a seal (35) between the plugging needle (10) and the projectile (1). 13. A method for producing a through-flow in a through-flow projectile (1), which method comprises the following steps: N 25 - a through-flow projectile (1) with a cavity (6) is produced, 3 - a tip channel (12) is created from the tip of the through-flow projectile (1) to the cavity N (6). E - the through-flow projectile (1) is provided with a stabilizer part (2) and a plugging pin = (10) in the channel (9) in the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2), the piston-like protrusion (5) of the stabilizer part (2) being located in the cavity (6), N - the cavity (6) is at least partially closed off with the closing part (21) in the rear part of the through-flow projectile (1), - the plugging needle (10) is designed so that a part of the channel (9) remains open when the plugging needle (10) is in the channel (9) in the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2), - the stabilizer part (2) of the through-flow projectile (1) is pushed out of the through-flow projectile (1) by the pressure of the powder gas and the opening (13) of the tip channel (12) is blocked by the front part (11) of the plugging needle (10), - the pressure of the powder gas in the cavity (6) is allowed to decrease through the channel (9) in the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2) after the through-flow projectile (1) has exited the barrel of the weapon, and - the plugging needle (10) is pushed out of the opening (13) of the tip channel (12) by the air pressure of the tip channel (12), whereby the through-flow channel (20) becomes open through the projectile. 14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the method comprises a step in which the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2) is attached to the closing part (21) by friction. 15. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the method comprises a step in which the wings (4) on the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2) are designed to set the flow-through projectile (1) in rotational motion about its own longitudinal axis. 16. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 13 - 15, characterized in that the method comprises a step in which the diameter of the front part (11) of the occlusion needle (10) is made larger than the diameter of the channel (9) in the shaft (3) of the stabilizer part (2). 17. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 13 - 15, characterised in that the method comprises a step in which the diameter of the front part (11) of the occlusion needle (10) is made smaller than the diameter of the channel (9) in the shaft (3) of the stabiliser part (2). 18. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 13 - 15, characterised in that the tip channel (12) is blocked with a blocking piece (30), and the blocking piece (30) is removed from the tip channel (12) by means of the powder pressure and the air flow after the projectile 3 (1) has exited the barrel of the weapon. 19. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the blocking piece (30) is assembled from two or more outer parts (31). = 20. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the blocking piece (30) is assembled from two or more outer parts (31) and from an inner part (32). O N