EP1279392A2 - Small-sized vehicle, in particular wheelchair - Google Patents

Small-sized vehicle, in particular wheelchair Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1279392A2
EP1279392A2 EP02015400A EP02015400A EP1279392A2 EP 1279392 A2 EP1279392 A2 EP 1279392A2 EP 02015400 A EP02015400 A EP 02015400A EP 02015400 A EP02015400 A EP 02015400A EP 1279392 A2 EP1279392 A2 EP 1279392A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheels
small vehicle
vehicle according
links
quick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02015400A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1279392A3 (en
Inventor
Bernd Engels
Ralf Ledda
Marc Binder
Thomas Birmanns
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alber GmbH
Original Assignee
Alber GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alber GmbH filed Critical Alber GmbH
Publication of EP1279392A2 publication Critical patent/EP1279392A2/en
Publication of EP1279392A3 publication Critical patent/EP1279392A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
    • A61G5/041—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven having a specific drive-type
    • A61G5/045—Rear wheel drive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/08—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable
    • A61G5/0866—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable folding down backrest, e.g. where the backrest folds down onto the seat support
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/08—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable
    • A61G5/0875—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable dismountable, e.g. where the wheelchair can be disassembled for transportation or storage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/08—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable
    • A61G5/0883—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable having locking means for maintaining a folded or unfolded condition
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/08—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable
    • A61G5/0891—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable having rigid supports, e.g. seat or back supports which retain their shape after folding of the wheelchair
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1078—Parts, details or accessories with shock absorbers or other suspension arrangements between wheels and frame
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1083—Quickly-removable wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/10—General characteristics of devices characterised by specific control means, e.g. for adjustment or steering
    • A61G2203/14—Joysticks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a small vehicle, in particular a wheelchair, with a modular structure.
  • Wheelchairs including those that can be driven by a motor, usually have a frame in which a seat is integrated and on which two drivable wheels and two freely pivotable or optionally motor-steered wheels are directly linked.
  • the drivable wheels can be driven manually via hand rims or by motor.
  • Such wheelchairs are often provided with a folding mechanism which enables the wheelchair frame to be folded up.
  • a wheelchair is known for example from EP 0 790 049 A2.
  • Wheelchairs of the type explained above are particularly suitable for a so-called outdoor operation, i.e. Operation outside closed rooms and especially on uneven paths, for example field or forest paths, is unsuitable.
  • the frame construction described has only a relatively low stability.
  • the direct linkage of the wheels to a tubular frame only allows insufficient suspension for uneven paths, which is usually provided exclusively by appropriate pneumatic tires.
  • the technical problem on which the invention is based is to provide a small vehicle, in particular a wheelchair, which has a stability which is also suitable for outdoor operation and a driving behavior suitable for outdoor operation and at the same time enables it to be dismantled, which makes it possible to transport it in the usual way Passenger cars allowed.
  • the small vehicle according to the invention has a modular structure with a base element, with at least one pivotable wheel which can be detachably attached to the base element by means of a quick-release device, with at least one drive wheel which can be detachably attached to the base element by means of a quick-release device, and with a seat device, which can be releasably attached to the base element by means of a quick-release device.
  • the base element has a base body, on which four links are spring-mounted for fastening the wheels.
  • the quick release devices between the base element and the wheels are each arranged between the handlebars and the wheels.
  • the small vehicle according to the invention has a modular structure with a basic element which not only disassembles the wheels, but also the seat device from the base element by means of quick release. This enables particularly space-saving transport with high stability and strength.
  • the base body is preferably self-supporting and assumes the load-bearing function of the chassis.
  • the four links preferably run within a common plane, so that the basic element with the base body and the four articulated links assumes a flat shape.
  • the basic element preferably has its main dimensions within a plane, while the dimensions perpendicular to this plane, on the other hand, are significantly smaller.
  • the small vehicle is therefore comparable in its external dimensions to a collapsed wheelchair of the type described at the outset and in this respect is even superior in this respect, while at the same time having a significantly higher stability and strength with a lower weight.
  • the smallest possible cuboid with the side lengths a, b and c, into which the basic element with the base body and the four articulated handlebars fits without wheels, can, for example, have a side length c that is less than half the side lengths a and b.
  • the side lengths a and b correspond to the main dimensions and the side length c corresponds to the depth of the flat cuboid.
  • the drive wheels preferably have a hub motor. This eliminates the need for a drive train from the chassis to the drive wheels.
  • the torque is generated in the hub motor itself and the fixed part of the hub motor only has to be supported on the corresponding handlebar by means of a suitable device in order to ensure propulsion.
  • Corresponding electric motors are particularly suitable for driving such a small vehicle.
  • the accumulators required for the power supply can be fastened to the base element, in particular to the base body, preferably also by corresponding ones Quick-release devices that allow the batteries to be changed quickly.
  • Connection points for accumulators can be provided on opposite sides of the base body.
  • several connection points can be provided for optional operation with one or more accumulators, which can be fastened centrally to the vehicle axis when operated with an accumulator and which can be fastened symmetrically to the vehicle axis when operated with several accumulators.
  • the seat device of the small vehicle preferably has a seat, a seat back and a footrest and two armrests and forms a complete unit.
  • This unit can, preferably also by means of a quick-release device, be attached to and detached from the base element, in particular at the base body.
  • the seat device can be designed to be foldable. Due to the modular design of the small vehicle, a particularly ergonomically designed seat, for example a specially designed seat shell that may be specially produced for a patient, can also be easily mounted on the base element. Seat shells can also be used for the severely disabled. This also makes it easy to retrofit or modify the wheelchair, particularly with regard to a special seat shell.
  • the interface between the seat and the base body is preferably designed so that an adaptation of a special seat is easily possible. It is possible, for example, for special seats to be provided by specialist dealers, for example a medical supply store, or to be produced specifically for a specific application, and to be connected to a wheelchair according to the invention which is produced in large numbers and which is supplied without a seat device.
  • the seat device can also be arranged rotatably so that when the seat is rotated through 180 °, a vehicle with rear-wheel drive becomes a vehicle with front-wheel drive.
  • the handlebars for receiving the freely swiveling wheels are preferably designed as spring-mounted double links. This makes it possible to ensure that the caster of the freely pivotable wheels remains essentially constant over the entire spring travel, in particular when the freely pivotable wheels are articulated on the handlebars by means of a thru-axle running vertically to the ground. If the suspension travel is limited, the front links can also be designed as single links.
  • the handlebars provided for receiving the drive wheels are preferably designed as trailing arms which are supported on the base body via a spring / damper unit.
  • a small vehicle designed as a wheelchair of the type described above has excellent stability and enables the wheels to be spring-loaded, which permits operation even on uneven paths.
  • the structure of this wheelchair allows it to be disassembled into individual assemblies, which enables the wheelchair to be transported in the trunk of a commercially available car.
  • the basic element for example the basic body with the four handlebars, this assembly being a flat component that is easy to carry.
  • the individual wheels and the accumulators can also be easily stowed away and the seat device can also be brought into a space-saving flat shape by means of a corresponding folding mechanism.
  • the base body can have interfaces for electrical lines at the fastening points of the drive wheels and / or the seat device and / or the accumulators.
  • a control panel can be provided on an armrest of the seat device.
  • accumulators that are attached to the base body, all that then has to be provided is a current transmission to the hub motors.
  • the accumulators are also housed in the wheel hubs of the drive wheels and a wireless signal transmission of the control commands is provided, the need for electrical lines between the chassis and the wheels is completely eliminated.
  • a base body 10 is provided in the form of an extruded profile 11 made of an aluminum alloy.
  • the extruded profile 11 is closed at its two longitudinal ends by means of appropriately screwed end plates 12.
  • Stiffening elements (not shown) or other assemblies, for example switching devices, etc. (not shown) can be arranged in the essentially hollow interior of the base body 10.
  • a receiving device 14 is provided which serves for the easily releasable fastening of a seat device 50 by means of a quick-release device, not shown in any more detail.
  • the seat device 50 has frame profiles which, together with a covering or upholstery, not shown, result in a seat 51, a seat back 52, a footrest 53 and a strut 54 for fastening a control panel 60. It is understood that armrests (not shown) can be provided on both sides.
  • the seat device for example a seat surface and a backrest, optionally with corresponding side parts, as a self-supporting structure with corresponding connecting elements to the base body or a corresponding seat frame.
  • the seat device is provided with a folding mechanism which allows the seat device 50 detached from the base body 10 to be folded up in such a way that it results in an easily transportable, essentially flat element.
  • the base body 10 On the base body 10, two front links 20 and two rear links 30 are articulated, in each case on the left and right side, as seen in the direction of travel.
  • the rear link 30 are designed as trailing arms, which are supported on the base body 10 via a spring / damper arrangement 31.
  • the front links 20 are designed as double links, which are coupled to one another via a spring / damper mechanism (not shown) arranged in the interior of the base body 10.
  • the base body 10 forms a base element together with the articulated links 20, 30.
  • Two drive wheels 35 are articulated to the rear links 30 by means of horizontally running plug-in axles 36 and quick release devices (not shown in more detail).
  • Two freely pivotable front wheels 25 are articulated on the front links 20 by means of vertically arranged plug-in axles 26 and also quick-release devices (not shown).
  • the position of the axis of rotation 27 of the front wheel 25 is offset relative to the position of the thru axle 26 in the installed state, so that there is a caster that always aligns the front wheels 25 in the direction of travel when driving straight ahead.
  • the wheelchair is controlled by a separate actuation of the two driven rear wheels 35, the drive preferably being effected via hub motors, not shown, which are designed as electric motors, and the steering commands being entered via the control panel 60.
  • the front link 20, designed as a double link, is designed such that the caster of the front wheel 25 remains essentially constant over the entire available travel.
  • One or more accumulators 70 can be attached to the base body 10 by means of quick-release devices.
  • the quick-release devices for fastening the batteries 70 have interfaces for electrical lines which provide an electrical connection of the batteries 70 to the hub motors.
  • a protective device in the form of a protective bracket 80 can be attached to the base body 10, preferably in a removable manner.
  • a climbing aid 28 is provided on the front wheels 25.
  • the climbing aid 28 is designed in pairs per front wheel 25 and is spring-loaded on both sides of each front wheel 25 so that it assumes the position shown in FIG. 6 in the normal operating state.
  • the climbing aid 28 can be pivoted about its pivot axis 29 by a certain path in the direction of rotation of the wheel indicated by the arrow A in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the climbing aid 28 When the wheelchair approaches the front edge 90 of a curb 90, the climbing aid 28 is initially in the uppermost pivot position, which is predetermined by the spring force. As soon as the climbing aid 28 comes into contact with the curb 90, the climbing aid 28 pivots in the direction of rotation of the front wheel 25 as a result of the propulsive force provided by the drive wheels. This raises the front wheel 25 until it comes into contact with the curb in a suitable position that it can overcome the step given by the curb 90 with further forward movement.
  • the direct articulation of the climbing aids 28 on the freely pivotable front wheels 25 ensures that the climbing aids 28 are always in a suitable orientation to an obstacle, in particular when inclined to one Curb or another step is approached.
  • the climbing aids can also be articulated directly on the base body.
  • the seat device 50, the accumulators 70, the rear wheels 35 and the front wheels 25 can be removed by means of simple quick-release fasteners, the seat device 50 being able to be correspondingly folded or folded after removal.
  • the fact that it can be dismantled also ensures that the individual components have a relatively low weight, so that the components can be easily stowed away.
  • the provision of quick-release fasteners means that the wheelchair can be dismantled easily, even by technically unskilled people, without any tools.
  • the wheelchair is easy to dismantle, due to its construction according to the invention, it is suitable for also being used outdoors. It combines the comfort of four spring-loaded wheels and the stability required for outdoor use with the lightness and portability of an ordinary indoor wheelchair.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Carriages For Children, Sleds, And Other Hand-Operated Vehicles (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The wheelchair has a self-propelled chassis (10,20,30) with 4 spring-mounted struts respectively fitted with steered wheels (25) and driven wheels (35) via quick-fit couplings and a supporting a seat (50) attached via a further quick-fit coupling and one or more electric storage batteries (70), mounted symmetrical to the wheelchair longitudinal axis.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kleinfahrzeug, insbesondere einen Rollstuhl, mit einem modularen Aufbau.The invention relates to a small vehicle, in particular a wheelchair, with a modular structure.

Rollstühle, auch solche, die motorisch antreibbar sind, weisen üblicherweise ein Rahmengestell auf, in das ein Sitz integriert ist und an dem zwei antreibbare Räder sowie zwei frei verschwenkbare oder gegebenenfalls motorisch gelenkte Räder direkt angelenkt sind. Die antreibbaren Räder können manuell über Greifringe oder motorisch antreibbar sein. Um die Aussenabmessungen für einen Transport des Rollstuhls reduzieren zu können, sind derartige Rollstühle oftmals mit einem Klappmechanismus versehen, der ein Zusammenfalten des Rollstuhlgestells ermöglicht. Ein derartiger Rollstuhl ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 790 049 A2 bekannt.Wheelchairs, including those that can be driven by a motor, usually have a frame in which a seat is integrated and on which two drivable wheels and two freely pivotable or optionally motor-steered wheels are directly linked. The drivable wheels can be driven manually via hand rims or by motor. In order to be able to reduce the external dimensions for transporting the wheelchair, such wheelchairs are often provided with a folding mechanism which enables the wheelchair frame to be folded up. Such a wheelchair is known for example from EP 0 790 049 A2.

Rollstühle der vorstehend erläuterten Art sind insbesondere für einen sogenannten Outdoor-Betrieb, d.h. einen Betrieb ausserhalb geschlossener Räume und insbesondere auf unebenen Wegen, beispielsweise Feld- oder Waldwegen, eher ungeeignet. Die beschriebene Rahmenkonstruktion weist nur eine relativ geringe Stabilität auf. Zudem erlaubt die direkte Anlenkung der Räder an einen Rohrrahmen nur eine für unebene Wege unzureichende Federung, die üblicherweise ausschließlich durch entsprechende Luftreifen bereitgestellt wird.Wheelchairs of the type explained above are particularly suitable for a so-called outdoor operation, i.e. Operation outside closed rooms and especially on uneven paths, for example field or forest paths, is unsuitable. The frame construction described has only a relatively low stability. In addition, the direct linkage of the wheels to a tubular frame only allows insufficient suspension for uneven paths, which is usually provided exclusively by appropriate pneumatic tires.

Es sind zudem auch Rollstühle mit akzeptablen Fahreigenschaften im Outdoor-Betrieb bekannt, die jedoch nicht für einen Transport mit zumutbarem Aufwand zerlegbar sind.There are also known wheelchairs with acceptable driving characteristics in outdoor use, but they cannot be dismantled for transport with reasonable effort.

Das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende technische Problem besteht darin, ein Kleinfahrzeug, insbesondere einen Rollstuhl bereit zu stellen, der eine auch für den Outdoor-Betrieb geeignete Stabilität sowie ein für den Outdoor-Betrieb geeignetes Fahrverhalten aufweist und gleichzeitig eine Zerlegbarkeit ermöglicht, die einen Transport in üblichen Personenkraftwagen ermöglicht.The technical problem on which the invention is based is to provide a small vehicle, in particular a wheelchair, which has a stability which is also suitable for outdoor operation and a driving behavior suitable for outdoor operation and at the same time enables it to be dismantled, which makes it possible to transport it in the usual way Passenger cars allowed.

Die Aufgabe, dieses technische Problem zu lösen, wird durch ein Kleinfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The task of solving this technical problem is solved by a small vehicle with the features of claim 1.

Das erfindungsgemäße Kleinfahrzeug verfügt über einen modularen Aufbau mit einem Grundelement, mit mindestens einem schwenkbaren Rad, das mittels einer Schnellverschlusseinrichtung lösbar an dem Grundelement befestigbar ist, mit mindestens einem Antriebsrad, das mittels einer Schnellverschlusseinrichtung lösbar an dem Grundelement befestigbar ist, und mit einer Sitzeinrichtung, die mittels einer Schnellverschlußeinrichtung lösbar an dem Grundelement befestigbar ist. Das Grundelement weist einen Grundkörper auf, an dem vier Lenker zur Befestigung der Räder federnd angelenkt sind. Die Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen zwischen dem Grundelement und den Rädern sind jeweils zwischen den Lenkern und den Rädern angeordnet.The small vehicle according to the invention has a modular structure with a base element, with at least one pivotable wheel which can be detachably attached to the base element by means of a quick-release device, with at least one drive wheel which can be detachably attached to the base element by means of a quick-release device, and with a seat device, which can be releasably attached to the base element by means of a quick-release device. The base element has a base body, on which four links are spring-mounted for fastening the wheels. The quick release devices between the base element and the wheels are each arranged between the handlebars and the wheels.

Anders als bei dem eingangs erläuterten Stand der Technik, bei dem ein Rohrgestell, in das ein Sitz integriert ist, zum Zwecke des Transports zusammengeklappt wird, ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kleinfahrzeug ein modularer Aufbau mit einem Grundelement vorgesehen, der eine Demontage nicht nur der Räder, sondern auch der Sitzeinrichtung von dem Grundelement mittels Schnellverschluß ermöglicht. Hierdurch wird ein besonders platzsparender Transport ermöglicht bei gleichzeitig hoher Stabilität und Festigkeit.In contrast to the prior art explained in the introduction, in which a tubular frame, into which a seat is integrated, is folded up for the purpose of transport, the small vehicle according to the invention has a modular structure with a basic element which not only disassembles the wheels, but also the seat device from the base element by means of quick release. This enables particularly space-saving transport with high stability and strength.

Der Grundkörper ist vorzugsweise selbsttragend und übernimmt die tragende Funktion des Fahrgestells.The base body is preferably self-supporting and assumes the load-bearing function of the chassis.

Die vier Lenker verlaufen bei abgenommenen Rädern vorzugsweise innerhalb einer gemeinsamen Ebene, so dass das Grundelement mit dem Grundkörper und den vier angelenkten Lenkern eine flächige Form einnimmt. Mit anderen Worten, das Grundelement hat seine Hauptabmessungen vorzugsweise innerhalb einer Ebene, während die Abmessungen senkrecht zu dieser Ebene demgegenüber deutlich geringer sind. Das Kleinfahrzeug ist nach dem Zerlegen daher in seinen Außenabmessungen vergleichbar mit einem zusammengeklappten Rollstuhl der eingangs erläuterten Art und diesem in dieser Hinsicht sogar unter Umständen überlegen, wobei es gleichzeitig eine deutlich höhere Stabilität und Festigkeit bei geringerem Gewicht aufweist.When the wheels are removed, the four links preferably run within a common plane, so that the basic element with the base body and the four articulated links assumes a flat shape. In other words, the basic element preferably has its main dimensions within a plane, while the dimensions perpendicular to this plane, on the other hand, are significantly smaller. After dismantling, the small vehicle is therefore comparable in its external dimensions to a collapsed wheelchair of the type described at the outset and in this respect is even superior in this respect, while at the same time having a significantly higher stability and strength with a lower weight.

Der kleinstmögliche Quader mit den Seitenlängen a, b und c, in den das Grundlement mit dem Grundkörper und den vier angelenkten Lenkern ohne Räder hinein paßt, kann beispielsweise eine Seitenlänge c aufweisen, die kleiner ist als die Hälfte der Seitenlängen a und b. Hierbei entsprechen die Seitenlängen a und b den Hauptabmessungen und die Seitenlänge c entspricht der Tiefe des flächenförmigen Quaders.The smallest possible cuboid with the side lengths a, b and c, into which the basic element with the base body and the four articulated handlebars fits without wheels, can, for example, have a side length c that is less than half the side lengths a and b. The side lengths a and b correspond to the main dimensions and the side length c corresponds to the depth of the flat cuboid.

An den Lenkern können zwei frei schwenkbare Räder und zwei Antriebsräder mittels Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen lösbar befestigt werden. Die Antriebsräder weisen vorzugsweise einen Nabenmotor auf. Hierdurch entfällt die Notwendigkeit eines Antriebsstranges von dem Fahrgestell auf die Antriebsräder. Das Drehmoment wird im Nabenmotor selbst erzeugt und der feststehende Teil des Nabenmotors muss lediglich über eine geeignete Einrichtung an dem entsprechenden Lenker abgestützt werden, um einen Vortrieb sicherzustellen.Two freely pivoting wheels and two drive wheels can be detachably attached to the handlebars using quick-release devices. The drive wheels preferably have a hub motor. This eliminates the need for a drive train from the chassis to the drive wheels. The torque is generated in the hub motor itself and the fixed part of the hub motor only has to be supported on the corresponding handlebar by means of a suitable device in order to ensure propulsion.

Besonders geeignet zum Antrieb eines derartigen Kleinfahrzeugs sind entsprechende Elektromotoren. Die für die Stromversorgung notwendigen Akkumulatoren können an dem Grundelement, insbesondere an dem Grundkörper befestigbar sein, vorzugsweise ebenfalls durch entsprechende Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen, die ein schnelles Wechseln der Akkumulatoren erlauben. Anschlußstellen für Akkumulatoren können an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Grundkörpers vorgesehen sein. Es können zudem mehrere Anschlußstellen für wahlweisen Betrieb mit einem oder mehreren Akkumulatoren vorgesehen sein, wobei bei Betrieb mit einem Akkumulator dieser mittig zur Fahrzeugachse befestigbar ist und bei Betrieb mit mehreren Akkumulatoren diese symmetrisch zur Fahrzeugachse befestigbar sind.Corresponding electric motors are particularly suitable for driving such a small vehicle. The accumulators required for the power supply can be fastened to the base element, in particular to the base body, preferably also by corresponding ones Quick-release devices that allow the batteries to be changed quickly. Connection points for accumulators can be provided on opposite sides of the base body. In addition, several connection points can be provided for optional operation with one or more accumulators, which can be fastened centrally to the vehicle axis when operated with an accumulator and which can be fastened symmetrically to the vehicle axis when operated with several accumulators.

Die Sitzeinrichtung des erfindungsgemäßen Kleinfahrzeugs weist vorzugsweise eine Sitzfläche, eine Sitzrücklehne und eine Fußstütze sowie zwei Armstützen auf und bildet eine komplette Einheit. Diese Einheit kann, vorzugsweise ebenfalls mittels Schnellverschlusseinrichtung, an dem Grundelement, insbesondere an dem Grundkörper angebracht und von diesem gelöst werden. Die Sitzeinrichtung kann zusammenfaltbar ausgelegt sein. Durch den modularen Aufbau des Kleinfahrzeugs kann zudem ein besonders ergonomisch gestalteter Sitz, beispielsweise eine speziell ausgebildete und gegebenfalls eigens für einen Patienten hergestellte Sitzschale einfach an dem Grundelement montiert werden. Es können somit auch Sitzschalen für Schwerstbehinderte verwendet werden. Auch ein einfaches Nachrüsten oder Modifizieren des Rollstuhls, insbesondere hinsichtlich einer speziellen Sitzschale, ist hierdurch möglich.The seat device of the small vehicle according to the invention preferably has a seat, a seat back and a footrest and two armrests and forms a complete unit. This unit can, preferably also by means of a quick-release device, be attached to and detached from the base element, in particular at the base body. The seat device can be designed to be foldable. Due to the modular design of the small vehicle, a particularly ergonomically designed seat, for example a specially designed seat shell that may be specially produced for a patient, can also be easily mounted on the base element. Seat shells can also be used for the severely disabled. This also makes it easy to retrofit or modify the wheelchair, particularly with regard to a special seat shell.

Die Schnittstelle zwischen dem Sitz und dem Grundkörper ist vorzugsweise so ausgeführt, dass ein Adaptieren eines Sondersitzes einfach möglich ist. Es ist beispielsweise möglich, dass Sondersitze durch den Fachhandel, beispielsweise ein Sanitätshaus, bereitgestellt oder speziell für einen bestimmten Anwendungsfall hergestellt werden, und mit einem in größerer Stückzahl hergestellten erfindungsgemäßen Rollstuhl, der ohne Sitzeinrichtung geliefert wird, verbunden werden.The interface between the seat and the base body is preferably designed so that an adaptation of a special seat is easily possible. It is possible, for example, for special seats to be provided by specialist dealers, for example a medical supply store, or to be produced specifically for a specific application, and to be connected to a wheelchair according to the invention which is produced in large numbers and which is supplied without a seat device.

Die Sitzeinrichtung kann zudem drehbar angeordnet sein, so dass bei einer Drehung des Sitzes um 180° aus einem Fahrzeug mit Hinterradantrieb ein Fahrzeug mit Vorderradantrieb wird.The seat device can also be arranged rotatably so that when the seat is rotated through 180 °, a vehicle with rear-wheel drive becomes a vehicle with front-wheel drive.

Die Lenker zur Aufnahme der frei schwenkbaren Räder sind vorzugsweise als federnd gelagerte Doppellenker ausgebildet. Hierdurch kann sichergestellt werden, dass der Nachlauf der frei schwenkbaren Räder über den gesamten Federweg im wesentlichen konstant bleibt, insbesondere dann, wenn die frei schwenkbaren Räder mittels einer vertikal zum Untergrund verlaufenden Steckachse an den Lenkern angelenkt sind. Bei begrenztem Federweg können die vorderen Lenker auch als Einzellenker ausgeführt sein.The handlebars for receiving the freely swiveling wheels are preferably designed as spring-mounted double links. This makes it possible to ensure that the caster of the freely pivotable wheels remains essentially constant over the entire spring travel, in particular when the freely pivotable wheels are articulated on the handlebars by means of a thru-axle running vertically to the ground. If the suspension travel is limited, the front links can also be designed as single links.

Die zur Aufnahme der Antriebsräder vorgesehenen Lenker sind vorzugsweise als Längslenker ausgebildet, die sich über eine Feder/Dämpfer-Einheit an dem Grundkörper abstützen.The handlebars provided for receiving the drive wheels are preferably designed as trailing arms which are supported on the base body via a spring / damper unit.

Ein als Rollstuhl ausgeführtes Kleinfahrzeug der vorstehend erläuterten Art weist eine hervorragende Stabilität auf und ermöglicht eine federnde Aufnahme der Räder, welche einen Betrieb auch auf unebenen Wegen zulässt. Gleichzeitig erlaubt der Aufbau dieses Rollstuhls ein Zerlegen in einzelne Baugruppen, was einen Transport des Rollstuhls im Kofferraum eines handelsüblichen PKWs ermöglicht. Nach Entfernen der vier Räder von den Lenkern, was sich zum Beispiel mittels Steckachsen und Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen äußerst einfach gestaltet, sowie nach Entfernen der Sitzeinrichtung und gegebenenfalls der Akkumulatoren verbleibt lediglich Das Grundelement, beispielsweise der Grundkörper mit den vier Lenkern, wobei diese Baugruppe ein flächiges Bauelement darstellt, das leicht transportierbar ist. Die einzelnen Räder sowie die Akkumulatoren können ebenfalls leicht verstaut werden und die Sitzeinrichtung kann durch einen entsprechenden Klappmechanismus gleichfalls in eine platzsparende flächige Form gebracht werden.A small vehicle designed as a wheelchair of the type described above has excellent stability and enables the wheels to be spring-loaded, which permits operation even on uneven paths. At the same time, the structure of this wheelchair allows it to be disassembled into individual assemblies, which enables the wheelchair to be transported in the trunk of a commercially available car. After removing the four wheels from the handlebars, which is extremely simple, for example with quick-release axles and quick-release devices, and after removing the seat device and possibly the accumulators, all that remains is the basic element, for example the basic body with the four handlebars, this assembly being a flat component that is easy to carry. The individual wheels and the accumulators can also be easily stowed away and the seat device can also be brought into a space-saving flat shape by means of a corresponding folding mechanism.

Insbesondere für den Einsatz von Elektromotoren als Antriebseinrichtung kann der Grundkörper an den Befestigungsstellen der Antriebsräder und/oder der Sitzeinrichtung und/oder der Akkumulatoren Schnittstellen für elektrische Leitungen aufweisen. Ein Bedienpult kann an einer Armstütze der Sitzeinrichtung vorgesehen sein. Es besteht zudem die Möglichkeit, eine drahtlose Signalübertragung von dem Bedienpult auf die Antriebsräder vorzusehen, wobei im Falle der Verwendung von Nabenmotoren jeder Nabenmotor eine separate Steuereinheit aufweisen kann. In diesem Fall entfällt die Notwendigkeit von Leitungen für Steuersignale. Bei der Verwendung von Akkumulatoren, die an dem Grundkörper befestigt werden, muss dann lediglich eine Stromübertragung zu den Nabenmotoren bereitgestellt werden.In particular for the use of electric motors as the drive device, the base body can have interfaces for electrical lines at the fastening points of the drive wheels and / or the seat device and / or the accumulators. A control panel can be provided on an armrest of the seat device. There is also the possibility of providing a wireless signal transmission from the control panel to the drive wheels, with each hub motor having a separate control unit when using hub motors. In this case there is no need for lines for control signals. When using accumulators that are attached to the base body, all that then has to be provided is a current transmission to the hub motors.

Sofern die Akkumulatoren ebenfalls in den Radnaben der Antriebsräder untergebracht sind und eine drahtlose Signalübertragung der Steuerbefehle vorgesehen ist, entfällt die Notwendigkeit von elektrischen Leitungen zwischen Fahrgestell und Rädern vollständig.If the accumulators are also housed in the wheel hubs of the drive wheels and a wireless signal transmission of the control commands is provided, the need for electrical lines between the chassis and the wheels is completely eliminated.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden weiter erläutert anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung, in der

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische auseinandergezogene Darstellung eines Rollstuhls ist,
  • Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Rollstuhls gemäß Fig. 1 ist, bei dem die Hauptbaugruppen mit Ausnahme des Bedienpults in zusammengefügter Weise dargestellt sind,
  • Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Rollstuhls gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 unter Weglassung der Sitzeinrichtung ist,
  • Fig. 4 eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 3 mit einem zusätzlich angebrachten Schutzbügel ist,
  • Fig. 5 eine der Darstellung in Fig. 3 entsprechende Seitenansicht ist,
  • Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht eines frei verschwenkbaren Rades mit Steighilfe vor der Berührung mit einer Stufe und
  • Fig. 7 eine Fig. 6 entsprechende Darstellung während des Überwindens einer Stufe ist.
The invention is further explained below using a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the drawing, in which
  • 1 is a perspective exploded view of a wheelchair,
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the wheelchair according to FIG. 1, in which the main assemblies with the exception of the control panel are shown in an assembled manner,
  • 3 is a perspective view of the wheelchair according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with the seat device omitted,
  • 4 is an illustration according to FIG. 3 with an additionally attached protective bracket,
  • 5 is a side view corresponding to the illustration in FIG. 3,
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of a freely pivotable wheel with climbing aid before contact with a step and
  • Fig. 7 is a representation corresponding to Fig. 6 while negotiating a step.

Fig. 1 zeigt als Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung einen Rollstuhl perspektivisch in einer sogenannten Explosionsdarstellung, d.h. einer auseinandergezogenen Darstellung. Ein Grundkörper 10 ist in Form eines Strangpressprofiles 11 aus einer Aluminiumlegierung bereitgestellt. Das Strangpressprofil 11 ist an seinen beiden Längsenden mittels entsprechend verschraubter Endplatten 12 verschlossen. In dem im wesentlichen hohlen Innenraum des Grundkörpers 10 können Versteifungselemente (nicht gezeigt) oder sonstige Baugruppen, beispielsweise Schaltgeräte etc. (nicht gezeigt) angeordnet sein. Auf der Oberseite 13 des Grundkörpers 10 ist eine Aufnahmeeinrichtung 14 vorgesehen, die mittels einer nicht näher dargestellten Schnellverschlusseinrichtung der leicht lösbaren Befestigung einer Sitzeinrichtung 50 dient.1 shows, as an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a wheelchair in perspective in a so-called exploded view, i.e. an exploded view. A base body 10 is provided in the form of an extruded profile 11 made of an aluminum alloy. The extruded profile 11 is closed at its two longitudinal ends by means of appropriately screwed end plates 12. Stiffening elements (not shown) or other assemblies, for example switching devices, etc. (not shown) can be arranged in the essentially hollow interior of the base body 10. On the upper side 13 of the base body 10, a receiving device 14 is provided which serves for the easily releasable fastening of a seat device 50 by means of a quick-release device, not shown in any more detail.

Die Sitzeinrichtung 50 weist Rahmenprofile auf, die zusammen mit einer nicht dargestellten Bespannung oder Bepolsterung eine Sitzfläche 51, eine Sitzrücklehne 52, eine Fußstütze 53 und eine Strebe 54 zur Befestigung eines Bedienpults 60 ergeben. Es versteht sich, dass Armstützen (nicht dargestellt) auf beiden Seiten bereitgestellt werden können.The seat device 50 has frame profiles which, together with a covering or upholstery, not shown, result in a seat 51, a seat back 52, a footrest 53 and a strut 54 for fastening a control panel 60. It is understood that armrests (not shown) can be provided on both sides.

Es versteht sich zudem, dass andere Konstruktionsvarianten für die Sitzeinrichtung möglich sind, beispielsweise eine Sitzfläche und eine Rückenlehne, gegebenenfalls mit entsprechenden Seitenteilen, als selbsttragende Struktur mit entsprechenden Verbindungselementen zum Grundkörper oder einem entsprechenden Sitzrahmen.It also goes without saying that other construction variants for the seat device are possible, for example a seat surface and a backrest, optionally with corresponding side parts, as a self-supporting structure with corresponding connecting elements to the base body or a corresponding seat frame.

Die Sitzeinrichtung ist mit einem Klappmechanismus versehen, der es erlaubt, die von dem Grundkörper 10 gelöste Sitzeinrichtung 50 so zusammenzufalten, dass sie ein leicht transportierbares, im wesentlichen flächenförmiges Element ergibt.The seat device is provided with a folding mechanism which allows the seat device 50 detached from the base body 10 to be folded up in such a way that it results in an easily transportable, essentially flat element.

An dem Grundkörper 10 sind, jeweils auf der linken und rechten Seite, in Fahrtrichtung gesehen, zwei vordere Lenker 20 und zwei hintere Lenker 30 angelenkt. Die hinteren Lenker 30 sind als Längslenker ausgeführt, die sich über eine Feder/Dämpfer-Anordnung 31 an dem Grundkörper 10 abstützen. Die vorderen Lenker 20 sind als Doppellenker ausgeführt, die über einen im Inneren des Grundkörpers 10 angeordneten, nicht dargestellten Feder/Dämpfer-Mechanismus miteinander gekoppelt sind. Der Grundkörper 10 bildet zusammen mit den angelenkten Lenkern 20, 30 ein Grundelement.On the base body 10, two front links 20 and two rear links 30 are articulated, in each case on the left and right side, as seen in the direction of travel. The rear link 30 are designed as trailing arms, which are supported on the base body 10 via a spring / damper arrangement 31. The front links 20 are designed as double links, which are coupled to one another via a spring / damper mechanism (not shown) arranged in the interior of the base body 10. The base body 10 forms a base element together with the articulated links 20, 30.

Zwei Antriebsräder 35 sind mittels horizontal verlaufender Steckachsen 36 und nicht näher dargestellter Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen an den hinteren Lenkern 30 angelenkt. Zwei frei verschwenkbare Vorderräder 25 sind mittels vertikal angeordneter Steckachsen 26 und ebenfalls nicht näher dargestellter Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen an den vorderen Lenkern 20 angelenkt. Wie beispielsweise aus den Figuren 5 bis 7 ersichtlich, ist die Lage der Drehachse 27 des Vorderrades 25 gegenüber der Lage der Steckachse 26 im Einbauzustand versetzt, so dass sich ein Nachlauf ergibt, der die Vorderräder 25 bei Geradeausfahrt immer in Fahrtrichtung ausrichtet. Das Steuern des Rollstuhls erfolgt durch eine getrennte Ansteuerung der beiden angetriebenen Hinterräder 35, wobei der Antrieb vorzugsweise über nicht näher dargestellte Nabenmotoren erfolgt, welche als Elektromotoren ausgeführt sind, und wobei die Lenkbefehle über das Steuerpult 60 eingegeben werden.Two drive wheels 35 are articulated to the rear links 30 by means of horizontally running plug-in axles 36 and quick release devices (not shown in more detail). Two freely pivotable front wheels 25 are articulated on the front links 20 by means of vertically arranged plug-in axles 26 and also quick-release devices (not shown). As can be seen, for example, from FIGS. 5 to 7, the position of the axis of rotation 27 of the front wheel 25 is offset relative to the position of the thru axle 26 in the installed state, so that there is a caster that always aligns the front wheels 25 in the direction of travel when driving straight ahead. The wheelchair is controlled by a separate actuation of the two driven rear wheels 35, the drive preferably being effected via hub motors, not shown, which are designed as electric motors, and the steering commands being entered via the control panel 60.

Der als Doppellenker ausgeführte vordere Lenker 20 ist so ausgeführt, dass über den gesamten verfügbaren Federweg der Nachlauf des Vorderrades 25 im wesentlichen konstant bleibt.The front link 20, designed as a double link, is designed such that the caster of the front wheel 25 remains essentially constant over the entire available travel.

Ein oder mehrere Akkumulatoren 70 können mittels Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen an dem Grundkörper 10 eingehängt werden. Die Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen für die Befestigung der Akkumulatoren 70 weisen Schnittstellen für elektrische Leitungen auf, die eine elektrische Verbindung der Akkumulatoren 70 mit den Nabenmotoren bereitstellen.One or more accumulators 70 can be attached to the base body 10 by means of quick-release devices. The quick-release devices for fastening the batteries 70 have interfaces for electrical lines which provide an electrical connection of the batteries 70 to the hub motors.

Eine Schutzeinrichtung in Form eines Schutzbügels 80 kann, vorzugsweise abnehmbar, an dem Grundkörper 10 befestigt sein.A protective device in the form of a protective bracket 80 can be attached to the base body 10, preferably in a removable manner.

An den Vorderrädern 25 ist jeweils eine Steighilfe 28 vorgesehen. Die Steighilfe 28 ist paarweise pro Vorderrad 25 ausgelegt und federbelastet beidseitig jedes Vorderrades 25 so gelagert, dass sie im normalen Betriebszustand die in Fig. 6 dargestellte Stellung einnimmt. Die Steighilfe 28 kann über einen bestimmten Weg in der durch den Pfeil A in den Figuren 6 und 7 angezeigten Drehrichtung des Rades um ihre Schwenkachse 29 verschwenkt werden.A climbing aid 28 is provided on the front wheels 25. The climbing aid 28 is designed in pairs per front wheel 25 and is spring-loaded on both sides of each front wheel 25 so that it assumes the position shown in FIG. 6 in the normal operating state. The climbing aid 28 can be pivoted about its pivot axis 29 by a certain path in the direction of rotation of the wheel indicated by the arrow A in FIGS. 6 and 7.

In den Figuren 6 und 7 ist zur Erläuterung der Funktion der Steighilfe 28 der Einfachheit halber jeweils lediglich das Vorderrad 25 dargestellt. Wenn der Rollstuhl mit dem Vorderrad voraus auf eine Bordsteinkante 90 zufährt, befindet sich die Steighilfe 28 zunächst in der durch die Federkraft vorgegebenen obersten Verschwenkstellung. Sobald die Steighilfe 28 mit der Bordsteinkante 90 in Berührung gelangt, verschwenkt die Steighilfe 28 infolge der durch die Antriebsräder bereitgestellten Vortriebskraft in der Drehrichtung des Vorderrades 25. Hierdurch wird das Vorderrad 25 angehoben, bis es in einer geeigneten Stellung mit der Bordsteinkante so in Berührung gelangt, dass es bei weiterer Vorwärtsbewegung die durch die Bordsteinkante 90 gegebene Stufe überwinden kann.For the sake of simplicity, only the front wheel 25 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 to explain the function of the climbing aid 28. When the wheelchair approaches the front edge 90 of a curb 90, the climbing aid 28 is initially in the uppermost pivot position, which is predetermined by the spring force. As soon as the climbing aid 28 comes into contact with the curb 90, the climbing aid 28 pivots in the direction of rotation of the front wheel 25 as a result of the propulsive force provided by the drive wheels. This raises the front wheel 25 until it comes into contact with the curb in a suitable position that it can overcome the step given by the curb 90 with further forward movement.

Durch die direkte Anlenkung der Steighilfen 28 an den frei verschwenkbaren Vorderrädern 25 ist gewährleistet, dass die Steighilfen 28 immer in geeigneter Ausrichtung zu einem Hindernis stehen, insbesondere dann, wenn schräg an einen Bordstein bzw. eine sonstige Stufe herangefahren wird. Es versteht sich jedoch, dass eine Anlenkung der Steighilfen auch direkt an dem Grundkörper möglich ist.The direct articulation of the climbing aids 28 on the freely pivotable front wheels 25 ensures that the climbing aids 28 are always in a suitable orientation to an obstacle, in particular when inclined to one Curb or another step is approached. However, it goes without saying that the climbing aids can also be articulated directly on the base body.

Beim Zerlegen des Rollstuhls können mittels einfacher Schnellverschlüsse die Sitzeinrichtung 50, die Akkumulatoren 70, die Hinterräder 35 und die Vorderräder 25 entfernt werden, wobei die Sitzeinrichtung 50 nach dem Entfernen entsprechend zusammengeklappt bzw. zusammengefaltet werden kann. Hierdurch ergeben sich einzelne Bauelemente, die platzsparend transportiert werden können und insbesondere im Kofferraum eines handelsüblichen PKWs untergebracht werden können. Durch die Zerlegbarkeit ist zudem gewährleistet, dass die einzelnen Bauelemente ein relativ geringes Gewicht haben, so dass die Bauelemente leicht verstaut werden können. Durch die Bereitstellung von Schnellverschlüssen ist das Zerlegen des Rollstuhls auch von technisch unbegabten Personen ohne jegliches Werkzeug einfach möglich.When dismantling the wheelchair, the seat device 50, the accumulators 70, the rear wheels 35 and the front wheels 25 can be removed by means of simple quick-release fasteners, the seat device 50 being able to be correspondingly folded or folded after removal. This results in individual components which can be transported in a space-saving manner and in particular can be accommodated in the trunk of a commercially available car. The fact that it can be dismantled also ensures that the individual components have a relatively low weight, so that the components can be easily stowed away. The provision of quick-release fasteners means that the wheelchair can be dismantled easily, even by technically unskilled people, without any tools.

Trotz der leichten Zerlegbarkeit des Rollstuhls ist dieser aufgrund seiner erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion dazu geeignet, auch im Outdoor-Betrieb eingesetzt zu werden. Er verbindet somit den Komfort von vier gefederten Rädern und die für den Outdoor-Betrieb erforderliche Stabilität mit der Leichtigkeit und Transportabilität eines gewöhnlichen Indoor-Rollstuhls.Despite the fact that the wheelchair is easy to dismantle, due to its construction according to the invention, it is suitable for also being used outdoors. It combines the comfort of four spring-loaded wheels and the stability required for outdoor use with the lightness and portability of an ordinary indoor wheelchair.

Claims (14)

Kleinfahrzeug, insbesondere Rollstuhl, mit einem modularen Aufbau, mit einem Grundelement (10, 20, 30), mit mindestens einem schwenkbaren Rad (25), das mittels einer Schnellverschlußeinrichtung lösbar an dem Grundelement (10, 20, 30) befestigbar ist, mit mindestens einem Antriebsrad (35), das mittels einer Schnellverschlußeinrichtung lösbar an dem Grundelement (10, 20, 30) befestigbar ist, und mit einer Sitzeinrichtung (50), die mittels einer Schnellverschlußeinrichtung lösbar an dem Grundelement (10, 20, 30) befestigbar ist, wobei das Grundelement (10, 20, 30) einen Grundkörper (10) aufweist, an dem vier Lenker (20, 30) zur Befestigung der Räder (25, 35) angelenkt sind,
die vier Lenker (20, 30) federnd an dem Grundkörper (10) angelenkt sind und
die Schnellverschlusseinrichtungen zwischen dem Grundelement (10, 20, 30) und den Rädern (25, 35) jeweils zwischen den Lenkern (20, 30) und den Rädern (25, 35) angeordnet sind.Small vehicle, especially wheelchair, with a modular structure, with a basic element (10, 20, 30), with at least one pivotable wheel (25) which can be detachably fastened to the base element (10, 20, 30) by means of a quick-release device, with at least one drive wheel (35) which can be detachably fastened to the base element (10, 20, 30) by means of a quick-release device, and with a seat device (50) which can be detachably fastened to the base element (10, 20, 30) by means of a quick-release device, wherein the base element (10, 20, 30) has a base body (10) on which four links (20, 30) are articulated for fastening the wheels (25, 35),
the four links (20, 30) are resiliently articulated on the base body (10) and
the quick release devices between the base element (10, 20, 30) and the wheels (25, 35) are each arranged between the links (20, 30) and the wheels (25, 35). Kleinfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei frei schwenkbare Räder (25) vorgesehen sind.Small vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that two freely pivotable wheels (25) are provided. Kleinfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Antriebsräder (35) vorgesehen sind.Small vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two drive wheels (35) are provided. Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vier Lenker (20, 30) bei abgenommenen Rädern (25, 35) im wesentlichen innerhalb einer gemeinsamen Ebene verlaufen, so dass das Grundlement (10, 20, 30) mit dem Grundkörper (10) und den vier angelenkten Lenkern (20, 30) ohne Räder (25, 35) eine flächige Form einnimmt, die leicht in einem handelsüblichen PKW unterbringbar ist.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the four links (20, 30) with the wheels (25, 35) removed run essentially within a common plane, so that the basic element (10, 20, 30) with the basic body ( 10) and the four articulated handlebars (20, 30) without wheels (25, 35) takes on a flat shape that can easily be accommodated in a commercially available car. Kleinfahrzeug nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kleinstmögliche Quader mit den Seitenlängen a, b und c, in den das Grundlement (10, 20, 30) mit dem Grundkörper (10) und den vier angelenkten Lenkern (20, 30) ohne Räder (25, 35) hinein paßt, eine Seitenlänge c hat, die kleiner ist als die Hälfte der Seitenlängen a und b.Small vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the smallest possible cuboid with the side lengths a, b and c, in which the basic element (10, 20, 30) with the basic body (10) and the four articulated links (20, 30) without wheels (25, 35) fits in, has a side length c that is less than half the side lengths a and b. Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Antriebsrad (35) einen Nabenmotor aufweist.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive wheel (35) has a hub motor. Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Antriebsrad (35) mittels eines Elektromotors antreibbar ist.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive wheel (35) can be driven by means of an electric motor. Kleinfahrzeug nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein oder mehrere Akkumulatoren (70) an dem Grundelement (10, 20, 30) befestigbar sind.Small vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that one or more batteries (70) can be fastened to the base element (10, 20, 30). Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sitzeinrichtung (50) eine Sitzfläche (51), eine Sitzrücklehne (52), eine Armlehne (54) und eine Fußstütze (53) aufweist und als komplette Einheit mittels der Schnellverschlußeinrichtung an dem Grundkörper (10) angebracht und von diesem gelöst werden kann.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat device (50) has a seat surface (51), a seat backrest (52), an armrest (54) and a footrest (53) and as complete unit can be attached to and detached from the base body (10) by means of the quick release device. Kleinfahrzeug nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sitzeinrichtung (50) zusammenfaltbar ist.Small vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that the seat device (50) is foldable. Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorderen Lenker (20) zur Aufnahme der schwenkbaren Räder (25) als federnd gelagerte Doppellenker ausgebildet sind, die bewirken, das der Nachlauf der schwenkbaren Räder (25) über den gesamten Federweg im wesentlichen konstant bleibt.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front links (20) for receiving the pivotable wheels (25) are designed as spring-mounted double links, which have the effect that the caster of the pivotable wheels (25) over the entire travel substantially remains constant. Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schnellverschlußeinrichtung zum lösbaren Befestigen des schwenkbaren Rades (25) an dem Grundelement (10, 20, 30) eine vertikal zum Untergrund verlaufende Steckachse (26) aufweist.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quick-release device for releasably attaching the pivotable wheel (25) to the base element (10, 20, 30) has a plug-in axis (26) running vertically to the base. Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hinteren Lenker (30) zur Aufnahme der Antriebsräder (35) als Längslenker ausgebildet sind, die sich über eine Feder/Dämpfer-Einheit (31) an dem Grundkörper (10) abstützen.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear link (30) for receiving the drive wheels (35) are designed as trailing arms, which are supported on the base body (10) via a spring / damper unit (31). Kleinfahrzeug nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Grundelement (10, 20, 30) an den Befestigungsstellen für die Antriebsräder (35) und/oder die Sitzeinrichtung (50) und/oder die Akkumulatoren (70) Schnittstellen für elektrische Leitungen aufweist.Small vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base element (10, 20, 30) has interfaces for electrical lines at the fastening points for the drive wheels (35) and / or the seat device (50) and / or the batteries (70) ,
EP02015400A 2001-07-26 2002-07-11 Small-sized vehicle, in particular wheelchair Withdrawn EP1279392A3 (en)

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DE10136368A DE10136368C2 (en) 2001-07-26 2001-07-26 Small vehicle, especially a wheelchair

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10136368A1 (en) 2003-02-20
US7100716B2 (en) 2006-09-05
EP1279392A3 (en) 2003-10-08
US20030030243A1 (en) 2003-02-13
NO20023547L (en) 2003-01-27
US20070062743A1 (en) 2007-03-22
DE20121824U1 (en) 2003-06-18
CA2394423C (en) 2007-04-10
NO318349B1 (en) 2005-03-07
DE10136368C2 (en) 2003-05-28
CA2394423A1 (en) 2003-01-26
NO20023547D0 (en) 2002-07-25

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