EP0220181A1 - Apparatus for training muscles - Google Patents

Apparatus for training muscles

Info

Publication number
EP0220181A1
EP0220181A1 EP85903410A EP85903410A EP0220181A1 EP 0220181 A1 EP0220181 A1 EP 0220181A1 EP 85903410 A EP85903410 A EP 85903410A EP 85903410 A EP85903410 A EP 85903410A EP 0220181 A1 EP0220181 A1 EP 0220181A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
rope
piston
free end
counter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85903410A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Torbjörn OLSSON
Lennart FÄRNLUND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FARNLUND LENNART
Original Assignee
FARNLUND LENNART
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FARNLUND LENNART filed Critical FARNLUND LENNART
Publication of EP0220181A1 publication Critical patent/EP0220181A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/008—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters
    • A63B21/0083—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters of the piston-cylinder type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/00058—Mechanical means for varying the resistance
    • A63B21/00069—Setting or adjusting the resistance level; Compensating for a preload prior to use, e.g. changing length of resistance or adjusting a valve
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/16—Supports for anchoring force-resisters
    • A63B21/169—Supports for anchoring force-resisters for anchoring on or against a wall
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
    • A63B21/4027—Specific exercise interfaces
    • A63B21/4033—Handles, pedals, bars or platforms
    • A63B21/4035—Handles, pedals, bars or platforms for operation by hand
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/12—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for upper limbs or related muscles, e.g. chest, upper back or shoulder muscles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
    • A63B21/4041—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof characterised by the movements of the interface
    • A63B21/4043—Free movement, i.e. the only restriction coming from the resistance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/0355—A single apparatus used for either upper or lower limbs, i.e. with a set of support elements driven either by the upper or the lower limb or limbs

Definitions

  • This invention refers to a muscles training apparatus of the type comprising a support-forming post having at least two vertically spaced-apart pulley wheels, a lower one of which is adjustable and securable in varying positions of height along the post so as to locate a free end of a pull rope or the like extending between said pulley wheels at a level desired by a training person, said rope being, at its end being opposite to the free end, connected to a counter-loading means having the . purpose to exert a counter-force when the rope is pulled.
  • Training apparatuses of the above mentioned type are advantageous insofar as they are comparatively cheap to manufacture and all-round in respect of their fields of application since they can, by a simple adjustment of the adjustable pulley wheel, be used by persons having most differing statures and for training several different parts of the body, such as arms and legs.
  • the conventional training apparatuses of this type are, however, also associated with a plurality of disadvantages • being founded on the fact that counter-weights are used as counter-loading means, i.e. bodies exerting the necessary counter-force by their deadweight.
  • the present invention aims at setting aside the above mentioned disadvantages of the previously known training apparatuses of the type related in the preamble and creating an apparatus which is simple and easy to handle and gives a training result being optimal from the physiological point of wiev.
  • the counterloading means consists of a piston-cylinder mechanism being provided with a check valve and operating with a pressure medium and that the pull rope is connected to the piston-cylinder mechanism by way of a multiple pulley block means in order to obtain a large transmission ratio between on one hand the maximum distance that the free end of the rope can be pulled out and, on the other hand, the stroke of the piston rod of said mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the training apparatus according to the invention and Fig. 2 a diagram illustrating the function of the piston-cylinder mechanism. Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 generally designates a support in the form of a long post, while 2 designates a pull rope having a free end which advantageously may have a handle 3.
  • the post 1 is attached to a bottom plate 4 being fixable to a floor and has at its upper part two bracket-shaped arms 5,5' which may be attached to a wall.
  • Four pulley wheels or means are associated with the post 1, namely two stationary pulley wheels 6,7 mounted in the area of the upper part of the post and two movable pulley wheels 8,9 arranged at opposite sides of the post 1.
  • the two movable pulley wheels are each arranged on a sled-like element 10 which is displaceable along a guide-forming groove 11 and has a locking mechanism 12 by means of which the same can be locked in arbitralily positions along the post.
  • the pull rope 2 extends from the first adjustable pulley wheel 8 to the second adjustable pulley wheel 9 by way of the first stationary wheel 6 and further to a counter- loading means, designated 13 in its entirety, by way of the second stationary pulley wheel 7.
  • the pull rope in this manner runs over two pulley wheels being vertically adjustable it is guaranteed that the free end of the pull rope in its initial position extends out from the post an equally long distance irrespectively of whether the first adjustable pulley wheel is located high or low, because if the first adjustable pulley wheel 8 is lowered then the second adjustable pulley wheel 9 can be raised and vice versa.
  • a piston-cylinder mechanism As a main component in the counter loading means for the pull rope 2 a piston-cylinder mechanism, the cylinder of which is designated 14 and the piston-rod of which is designated 15, is included according to the principle or the invention, said mechanism preferably operating with a hydraulic pressure medium.
  • the cylinder 14 is mounted on a U-shaped frame 16 the two shanks of which are stationary affixed, preferably on the bottom plate 4. More precisely the cylinder 14 is turned upside down so that the piston rod 15 projects vertically down from the overhead part 17 of the frame 16.
  • the rope 2 is connected to the piston-cylinder mechanism by way of a multiple pulley block means which comprises a number of stationary blocks 18 attached to the overhead part 17 as well as a number of movable blocks 19 attached to a cross piece 20 which is movable along the shanks of the frame 16, said shanks serving as guides.
  • a multiple pulley block means which comprises a number of stationary blocks 18 attached to the overhead part 17 as well as a number of movable blocks 19 attached to a cross piece 20 which is movable along the shanks of the frame 16, said shanks serving as guides.
  • the handle 3 should be capable of being pulled out 2 to 3 metres from its initial position when using a piston-cylinder mechanism the piston rod of which has a stroke of 0.5 metre.
  • the piston-cylinder mechanism is of the single-acting type having a separate tank 21 mounted above the cylinder, e.g on the wall in question.
  • the cylinder 14 is connected to the tank 21 through a conduit 22 in which a check valve 23 as well as a non- return valve 24 are arranged, said nonreturn valve making a pressure medium flow from the cylinder to the tank impossible, but allowing a free flow in the reversed direction.
  • the check valve 23 it is extremely simple to adjust the resistance that the pressure medium exerts when the piston is moved upwardly through the cylinder.
  • the cross piece 20 has a consider ⁇ able weight so as to automatically return the piston rod 15 to an initial position pulled out of the cylinder as soon as the tractive force in the rope 2 ceases. Possibly the cross piece can be completed with one or more springs for providing the same function.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil de musculation comprend un montant (1) formant un support possédant au moins deux poulies (6, 8) espacées verticalement dont une inférieure (8) peut être réglée et fixée dans des positions variables de hauteur le long du montant de manière à situer une extrémité libre (3) d'une corde de traction (2) à un niveau désiré, la corde de traction étant, à son extrémité opposée à l'extrémité libre, reliée à un organe contre-poids (13) ayant pour fonction d'exercer une contre-force lorsque l'on tire sur la corde. Cet organe contre-poids comporte un mécanisme de vérin à piston (14, 15) pourvu d'une soupape de commande (23) et fonctionnant avec un milieu de pression. En outre la corde de traction (2) est reliée au mécanisme de vérin à piston (14, 15) au moyen d'un bloc à poulie multiple (18, 19) afin d'obtenir un grand rapport de transmission entre d'une part la distance maximale de traction de l'extrémité libre de la cordre, et d'autre part la course de la tige du piston (15) dudit mécanisme.A weight training machine comprises an upright (1) forming a support having at least two pulleys (6, 8) spaced apart vertically, a lower one (8) of which can be adjusted and fixed in variable height positions along the upright so as to locate a free end (3) of a traction rope (2) at a desired level, the traction rope being, at its end opposite the free end, connected to a counterweight member (13) having the function of '' exert a counter-force when pulling on the rope. This counterweight member comprises a piston cylinder mechanism (14, 15) provided with a control valve (23) and operating with a pressure medium. In addition the traction cord (2) is connected to the piston cylinder mechanism (14, 15) by means of a multiple pulley block (18, 19) in order to obtain a large transmission ratio between on the one hand the maximum pulling distance of the free end of the rope, and on the other hand the stroke of the piston rod (15) of said mechanism.

Description

APPARATUS f_OR TRAINING MUSCLES
The technical field of the invention
This invention refers to a muscles training apparatus of the type comprising a support-forming post having at least two vertically spaced-apart pulley wheels, a lower one of which is adjustable and securable in varying positions of height along the post so as to locate a free end of a pull rope or the like extending between said pulley wheels at a level desired by a training person, said rope being, at its end being opposite to the free end, connected to a counter-loading means having the . purpose to exert a counter-force when the rope is pulled.
Background of the invention Training apparatuses of the above mentioned type are advantageous insofar as they are comparatively cheap to manufacture and all-round in respect of their fields of application since they can, by a simple adjustment of the adjustable pulley wheel, be used by persons having most differing statures and for training several different parts of the body, such as arms and legs. The conventional training apparatuses of this type are, however, also associated with a plurality of disadvantages • being founded on the fact that counter-weights are used as counter-loading means, i.e. bodies exerting the necessary counter-force by their deadweight. When the apparatus is used by different persons and when one and the same person shall use the apparatus for various training actions respectively it is necessary to change the number of counter weights; a work which is troublesome and takes considerable time to carry out. Another disadvantage being maybe more serious is that such counterweights give a less favourable training result from a physiological point of wiev in as much as the muscles of the training person will be differently loaded during one and the same motion. If a person is going to train for instance a leg by pulling the pull rope of the apparatus therewith on repeated occasions the leg muscles in question are differently strong during each single motion depending on the instantaneous angle that the lower part of the leg has in relation to the femur. When the leg is stretched the power is accordingly considerably smaller than at e.g an angle of 60° between the lower part of the leg and the femur. Since the counterweight always exerts an invariable counter force this means that the muscles during certain phases of an individual motion are loaded to a maximum, while they during other phases - when the power is increased - are loaded considerably less. A . maximum loading of the muscles during the entire indivi¬ dual motion is therefore impossible to obtain in the apparatuses known.
Brief description of the concept of invention
The present invention aims at setting aside the above mentioned disadvantages of the previously known training apparatuses of the type related in the preamble and creating an apparatus which is simple and easy to handle and gives a training result being optimal from the physiological point of wiev. According to the inven¬ tion these and other aims are obtained by the fact that the counterloading means consists of a piston-cylinder mechanism being provided with a check valve and operating with a pressure medium and that the pull rope is connected to the piston-cylinder mechanism by way of a multiple pulley block means in order to obtain a large transmission ratio between on one hand the maximum distance that the free end of the rope can be pulled out and, on the other hand, the stroke of the piston rod of said mechanism.
Brief description of the attached drawing
In the drawing Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the training apparatus according to the invention and Fig. 2 a diagram illustrating the function of the piston-cylinder mechanism. Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
In the drawing 1 generally designates a support in the form of a long post, while 2 designates a pull rope having a free end which advantageously may have a handle 3. The post 1 is attached to a bottom plate 4 being fixable to a floor and has at its upper part two bracket-shaped arms 5,5' which may be attached to a wall. Four pulley wheels or means are associated with the post 1, namely two stationary pulley wheels 6,7 mounted in the area of the upper part of the post and two movable pulley wheels 8,9 arranged at opposite sides of the post 1. More precisely the two movable pulley wheels are each arranged on a sled-like element 10 which is displaceable along a guide-forming groove 11 and has a locking mechanism 12 by means of which the same can be locked in arbitralily positions along the post. The pull rope 2 extends from the first adjustable pulley wheel 8 to the second adjustable pulley wheel 9 by way of the first stationary wheel 6 and further to a counter- loading means, designated 13 in its entirety, by way of the second stationary pulley wheel 7. By the fact that the pull rope in this manner runs over two pulley wheels being vertically adjustable it is guaranteed that the free end of the pull rope in its initial position extends out from the post an equally long distance irrespectively of whether the first adjustable pulley wheel is located high or low, because if the first adjustable pulley wheel 8 is lowered then the second adjustable pulley wheel 9 can be raised and vice versa.
As far as the apparatus is hitherto described the same is per see previously known.
As a main component in the counter loading means for the pull rope 2 a piston-cylinder mechanism, the cylinder of which is designated 14 and the piston-rod of which is designated 15, is included according to the principle or the invention, said mechanism preferably operating with a hydraulic pressure medium. In the example shown the cylinder 14 is mounted on a U-shaped frame 16 the two shanks of which are stationary affixed, preferably on the bottom plate 4. More precisely the cylinder 14 is turned upside down so that the piston rod 15 projects vertically down from the overhead part 17 of the frame 16.
In order to create a great transmission ratio, suitably 4:1 a 6:1 between on one hand the maximum distance which the handle 3 of the pull rope 2 can be pulled out and on the other hand the stroke of the piston rod 15, the rope 2 is connected to the piston-cylinder mechanism by way of a multiple pulley block means which comprises a number of stationary blocks 18 attached to the overhead part 17 as well as a number of movable blocks 19 attached to a cross piece 20 which is movable along the shanks of the frame 16, said shanks serving as guides. In practice the handle 3 should be capable of being pulled out 2 to 3 metres from its initial position when using a piston-cylinder mechanism the piston rod of which has a stroke of 0.5 metre.
In the example shown the piston-cylinder mechanism is of the single-acting type having a separate tank 21 mounted above the cylinder, e.g on the wall in question. The cylinder 14 is connected to the tank 21 through a conduit 22 in which a check valve 23 as well as a non- return valve 24 are arranged, said nonreturn valve making a pressure medium flow from the cylinder to the tank impossible, but allowing a free flow in the reversed direction. By means of the check valve 23 it is extremely simple to adjust the resistance that the pressure medium exerts when the piston is moved upwardly through the cylinder. Advantageously the cross piece 20 has a consider¬ able weight so as to automatically return the piston rod 15 to an initial position pulled out of the cylinder as soon as the tractive force in the rope 2 ceases. Possibly the cross piece can be completed with one or more springs for providing the same function.
The function and advantages of the apparatus according to the invention When the two pulley wheels 8,9 have been adjusted so that a suitable level is obtained for the free end of the pull rope 2 and when the check valve 23 has been adjusted into a desired position for the person in question and the training action respectively, training starts by the fact that the person in question pulls the handle 3. This pulling is by way of the pulley block means 18,19 transformed into a movement of the piston rod 15 inwardly in the cylinder 14, the pressure medium therein exerting the necessary resistance against the tractive force in the rope. This resistance is not constant but will vary in dependence of the variations of the tractive force in the rope, meaning that the muscles in the part of the body being trained will be equably and maximally loaded during the entire path of motion of the bodypart in question. In other words the training action will get an isokinetic character, which is extremely advantageous in physiological respect.
Conceivable modifications of the invention Of course the invention is not limited merely to the embodiment described and shown in the drawing. Thus it is conceivable to arrange the piston-cylinder mechanism in another manner than the one shown in the drawing. Further it is conceivable to use air or gas as a pressure medium in the piston-cylinder mechanism instead of hydraulic oil.

Claims

1. Apparatus for training muscles, comprising a support-forming post(l) having at least two vertically spaced-apart pulley wheels(6,8), a lower one(8) of which is adjustable and securable in varying positions of height along the post so as to locate a free end(3) of a pull rope or the like(2), extending between said pulley wheels, on a level desired by a training person, said pull rope being, at its end being opposite to the free end, connec- ted to a counter-loading means having the purpose of exerting a counter force when the rope is pulled, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the counter-loading means consists of a piston-cylinder mechanism(14,15) being provided with a check valve(23) and operating with a hydraulic pressure medium and that the pull rope(2) is connected to the piston-cylinder mechanism(14,15) by way of a multiple pulley block means(18,19) in order to obtain a large transmission ratio between on one hand the maximum distance that the free end of the rope can be pulled out and on the other hand the stroke of the piston rod(15) of said mechanism.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the cylinder(14) of the piston-cylinder mechanism is stationary attached to a suitably U-shaped frame(16) along which a crosspiece (20) is movable to which the piston rod(15) of the mecha¬ nism is connected, a number of blocks(18) included in said pulley block means being arranged on the frame at the same time as a number of blocks(19) are arranged on the movable cross piece(20) .
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the frame(16) as well as the piston-cylinder mechanism(14,15) are vertically oriented and that said mechanism is of the single-acting type and connected to a tank(21) placed at a level above the cylinder, the cross piece having a considerable weight so as to automatically return the piston rod to a position pulled out of the cylinder as soon as the tractive force in the rope ceases and in connection herewith return hydraulic liquid pumped out from the tank(21) to the cylinder(14) .
EP85903410A 1983-11-21 1985-05-10 Apparatus for training muscles Withdrawn EP0220181A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8306407A SE442954B (en) 1983-11-21 1983-11-21 Apparatus for muscle training
PCT/SE1985/000201 WO1986006644A1 (en) 1983-11-21 1985-05-10 Apparatus for training muscles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0220181A1 true EP0220181A1 (en) 1987-05-06

Family

ID=42044385

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85903410A Withdrawn EP0220181A1 (en) 1983-11-21 1985-05-10 Apparatus for training muscles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0220181A1 (en)
SE (1) SE442954B (en)
WO (1) WO1986006644A1 (en)

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US4799672A (en) * 1988-01-04 1989-01-24 Barrett William L Powerlift competition safety device
US5011142A (en) * 1989-11-20 1991-04-30 Christopher Eckler Exercise control system
GB2249487A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-13 Verimark Pty Ltd Exercising apparatus
US5397287A (en) * 1991-02-06 1995-03-14 Lindfors; Kai Muscle exercising device
EP0783349B1 (en) * 1994-09-23 2001-09-05 Tranas Rostfria Ab An arrangement for practising walking
US5725459A (en) * 1996-05-03 1998-03-10 Rexach; Marco L. Exercise apparatus providing simulated free weight exercises and compact stowage
US7083554B1 (en) 1997-02-27 2006-08-01 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise machine with infinite position range limiter and automatic belt tensioning system
US5951449A (en) * 1998-03-12 1999-09-14 Oppriecht; Clair E. Exercise device
US7108641B2 (en) 2000-05-03 2006-09-19 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise equipment with multi-positioning handles
US6273844B1 (en) 2000-08-25 2001-08-14 Paradigm Health Systems International, Inc. Unloading system for therapy, exercise and training
US7070545B2 (en) 2002-07-01 2006-07-04 Nautilus, Inc. Leg press and abdominal crunch exercise machine
US7115080B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2006-10-03 Nautilus, Inc. Collapsible seat for combination hack squat and leg press machine
US7789812B2 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-09-07 Joseph M. Anderson Rope climbing exercise apparatus
EP3145598A4 (en) 2014-06-19 2018-03-21 Kennington, Brandon Fitness machine
US10709924B2 (en) 2015-06-19 2020-07-14 Flexline Fitness, Inc. Squat bar for fitness machine
CN106984005B (en) * 2017-05-05 2019-01-18 湖北大学 A kind of multiple lifting device of physical education arm strength
WO2019014558A1 (en) 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Flexline Fitness, Inc. Fitness machine
CN108201677B (en) * 2018-02-24 2019-06-18 太仓市康辉科技发展有限公司 A kind of rehabilitation parallel bar
CN117205519B (en) * 2023-10-19 2025-08-19 南京市觉醒智能装备有限公司 Auxiliary force quantitative adjustable pull-up training device and method thereof

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US3387843A (en) * 1964-08-19 1968-06-11 Lloyd E. Chandler Exercise machine in which the user pushes or pulls against a resisting force produced by a pneumatic cylinder operating in conjunction with compressed air
GB1151656A (en) * 1967-04-13 1969-05-14 William Hunter Improvements in Exercising Apparatus

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1986006644A1 (en) 1986-11-20
SE8306407L (en) 1985-05-22
SE8306407D0 (en) 1983-11-21
SE442954B (en) 1986-02-10

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