EP0172123A1 - Apparatus for lifting a patient from his bed - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for moving a patient comprises a support (50), a mobile carriage (3) and at least one translation rail (1,2). The support (50), constituted by a canvas, comprises three successive distinct parts (51,52,55 - 56,51 - 63). The mobile carriage (3) on at least one rail (1,2) comprises:. two pairs of cables, one (35,36) connected to the part (51,52,55), the other (35,36) connected to the third part (63),. a first motor (4) for lifting these two pairs of cables (35,36),. a second motor (5) for controlling the horizontal translation of the carriage (3).

Description

The invention relates to a device for moving a patient from his bed; it relates more particularly to a device allowing a sick person, such as a handicapped person, a disabled person, an old man, to move himself between several predetermined positions, in particular in paDtir.de his bed.

Currently, when such a disabled patient wishes to move between several positions, he must call on a third person. This is expensive, enslaves the disabled to this third person and finally, for the patient, these transfers are not very comfortable.

In US patent US-A-4,202,064, a device for the horizontal and vertical transport of a patient has been described, essentially consisting of a carriage movable on two orthogonal sets of two parallel rails and a hoist controlled by cables. a basket-shaped support intended to receive the patient's body. In this embodiment, the electrical supply to the hoist motor is effected by the rails themselves and the motor shaft of this hoist has an end of travel stop. The assembly is actuated using control cords on which the patient or the nursing staff pulls. This arrangement is costly, cumbersome, unattractive, difficult to handle either by the patient himself, especially if he is bedridden, or by

• - d'une part, de la part du malade, un effort de maintien de sa tête lors des translations et du levage ;
• - d'autre part, de la part du personnel soignant des efforts de manutention pour introduire le support en forme de nacelle sous le malade.

nursing staff. In addition and above all, this device requires:

• - on the one hand, on the part of the patient, an effort to maintain his head during translations and lifting;
• - on the other hand, on the part of the nursing staff handling efforts to introduce the support in the form of a basket under the patient.

Finally, due to the very nacelle structure of the support, the patient is during transport in a not very ergonomic position, in particular due to the presence of a bar at knee height.

In the patents US-A-4 125 908, 4 243 147 and 4 372 452, other similar solutions have been proposed which nevertheless still have the same drawbacks. In this way, these devices have hardly developed.

In the British patent GB-A-3894, there is described a device of the type in question consisting of a gantry and a rigid patient carrier formed of two articulated but lockable portions, actuated by a crank which, thanks to two pairs of cables ensure the lifting of said articulated portions. Once the patient is thus lifted, the gantry crane is rolled over the ground to the chosen point. It is therefore a mobile device in its entirety, therefore bulky, difficult to adjust, uncomfortable for the patient, and ensuring this patient no autonomy.

The invention overcomes these drawbacks. It relates to a device for moving a patient, in particular a disabled person, from his bed, which is reliable, hygienic, aesthetic, reduced cost, safe to operate, modular by construction, therefore easily adaptable to different sites, and finally which can be operated by the patient himself.

• - un support destiné à recevoir le corps du malade,
• - un chariot mobile comportant un moteur actionnant des câbles reliés audit support pour lever verticalement ce support chargé avec le corps du malade puis le translater horizontalement ;
• - au moins un rail de translation sur lequel se déplace ledit chariot, se caractérise :
• - d'une part, en ce que ledit support destiné à recevoir le corps du malade, est constitué par une toile souple, d'une seule pièce, comprenant au moins trois parties distinctes successives, à savoir :
  • . une première partie destinée à recevoir et à maintenir la tête du malade,
  • . une deuxième partie destinée à recevoir et à maintenir le corps du malade,
  • . une troisième partie destinée à recevoir et à maintenir les jambes du malade ;
• - d'autre part, en ce que le chariot mobile sur au moins un rail comprend :
  • . une première paire de câbles reliés à la première partie du support,
  • . une seconde paire de câbles reliés à la troisième partie du support,
  • . un premier moteur dit de levage pour commander le mouvement de montée et baisse de ces deux paires de câbles,
  • . un second moteur dit de translation pour commander l'action de translation horizontale de ce chariot.

This device for moving a patient of the type comprising:

• - a support intended to receive the patient's body,
• - a mobile carriage comprising a motor actuating cables connected to said support for lifting this loaded support vertically with the patient's body and then translating it horizontally;
• - at least one translation rail on which said carriage moves, is characterized:
• - on the one hand, in that said support intended for receive the patient's body, is constituted by a flexible canvas, in one piece, comprising at least three successive separate parts, namely:
  • . a first part intended to receive and maintain the head of the patient,
  • . a second part intended to receive and maintain the patient's body,
  • . a third part intended to receive and maintain the legs of the patient;
• - on the other hand, in that the mobile carriage on at least one rail comprises:
  • . a first pair of cables connected to the first part of the support,
  • . a second pair of cables connected to the third part of the support,
  • . a first so-called lifting motor to control the up and down movement of these two pairs of cables,
  • . a second so-called translation motor for controlling the horizontal translation action of this carriage.

In other words, the invention relates to a device of the type in question in which the flexible support consists of a single piece composed of several distinct parts, which is actuated by a single lifting motor, the horizontal translational movement of the assembly being obtained by another motor carried by the same mobile carriage capable of moving on at least one rail.

• - le premier moteur de commande du déplacement vertical est solidaire du chariot et est associé à un réducteur dont l'arbre de sortie comprend deux ensembles formés chacun de trois flasques parallèles définissant ainsi chacun deux paires de bobines ou de tambours sur sur lesquelles s'enroulent les câbles des deux paires associées au sùpport ;
• - ce premier moteur actionne les câbles de levage, qui par un réglage différentiel préalable, entraînent tout d'abord la première partie du support afin d'amener le malade en position assise, puis, la troisième partie de ce même support permettant ainsi de lever tout le corps du malade en position assise ;
• - le chariot mobile se déplace sur deux rails parallèles transversaux et comporte des roues qui reposent sur le dessus desdits rails, ainsi que des roues de guidage latérales qui prennent appui sur la face latérale intérieure de ces rails ;
• - le second moteur de commande de la translation horizontale entraine une poulie qui, par une courroie de transmission transmet le mouvement à une seconde poulie montée sur un arbre solidaire du chariot reliant deux des roues de ce chariot ;
• - les câbles sont des câbles souples, en acier ou en matière synthétique ;
• - l'ensemble comporte également des organes de commande de l'action des deux moteurs et des mouvements de déplacement vertical et horizontal ;
• - la deuxième partie de la toile support se divise en deux sections, l'une qui est destinée à être enroulée autour du thorax du malade, l'autre à recevoir le dos et les postérieur du malade ;
• - la toile souple porte-malade est en coton et est placée en permanence sur le lit sous le malade.

Advantageously, in practice:

• - The first motor for controlling the vertical movement is integral with the carriage and is associated with a reduction gear, the output shaft of which comprises two assemblies each formed by three parallel flanges, thus each defining two pairs of coils or drums on on which the cables of the two pairs associated with the support are wound;
• - this first motor actuates the lifting cables, which by a prior differential adjustment, firstly drive the first part of the support in order to bring the patient into a seated position, then, the third part of this same support thus making it possible to lift the whole body of the patient in a sitting position;
• - The mobile carriage moves on two parallel transverse rails and comprises wheels which rest on top of said rails, as well as lateral guide wheels which bear on the inner lateral face of these rails;
• - The second motor for controlling the horizontal translation drives a pulley which, by a transmission belt transmits the movement to a second pulley mounted on a shaft integral with the carriage connecting two of the wheels of this carriage;
• - the cables are flexible cables, made of steel or synthetic material;
• - The assembly also includes members for controlling the action of the two motors and vertical and horizontal movement movements;
• - the second part of the support canvas is divided into two sections, one which is intended to be wrapped around the patient's chest, the other to receive the patient's back and posterior;
• - the flexible patient support fabric is cotton and is permanently placed on the bed under the patient.

• La figure 1 est une vue perspective sommaire d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention.
• La figure 2 est une vue en plan du support porte-malade caractéristique de l'invention.
• Les figures 3,4 et 5 montrent différentes vues de la phase de levage.
• La figure 6 est une représentation du chariot caractéristique de l'invention vu de dessus, vu de face (figure 7) et enfin vu de profil (figure 8).
• La figure 9 montre un détail de l'axe de sortie du moteur de levage.
• Les figures 10 à 13 illustrent différentes dispositions de ce dispositif en cours de fonctionnement.

The manner in which the invention can be implemented and the advantages which result therefrom will emerge more clearly from the embodiment which follows, given by way of non-limiting example, in support of the appended figures.

• Figure 1 is a summary perspective view of a device according to the invention.
• Figure 2 is a plan view of the patient carrier characteristic of the invention.
• Figures 3,4 and 5 show different views of the lifting phase.
• Figure 6 is a representation of the characteristic carriage of the invention seen from above, seen from the front (Figure 7) and finally seen in profile (Figure 8).
• Figure 9 shows a detail of the output axis of the lifting motor.
• Figures 10 to 13 illustrate different arrangements of this device during operation.

The device according to the invention (see FIG. 1) essentially comprises two parallel rails (1) and (2), for example made of folded sheet steel, on which a carriage (3) moves. These rails (1) and (2) are fixed to the wall or to the ceiling by their ends and by conventional means not shown. In a particular embodiment, these rails can also be fixed on a gantry resting on the ground.

• - un premier moteur (4) dit de levage (Y), accouplé à un réducteur (22), irréversible pour éviter que lors des arrêts, le poids du corps du malade entraîne celui- ci vers le bas ; ce moteur (4) est à double sens de fonctionnement afin de permettre l'ascension et la descente ; il comporte un démarrage progressif et est alimenté sur le secteur électrique pour des raisons d'économie et de commodité ; enfin, ce moteur (4) comporte également des sécurités traditionnelles non représentées ;
• - un second moteur (5) dit de translation horizontale (X) monophasé, alimenté sur secteur, également à double sens de fonctionnnement et à démarrage progressif.

This carriage (3) symbolically represented in the form of a rigid frame (see in particular Figures 6,7 and 8), essentially carries two separate motors (4) and (5) respectively:

• - A first motor (4) called lifting (Y), coupled to a reducer (22), irreversible to avoid that during stops, the weight of the patient's body drives it down; this motor (4) is two-way in order to allow the ascent and descent; it includes a progressive start-up and is supplied with electricity for reasons of economy and convenience; finally, this motor (4) also includes traditional safety devices not shown;
• - A second motor (5) called horizontal translation (X) single-phase, powered from the mains, also with two directions of operation and soft start.

• - d'une part, des roues (14,15,16,17) qui reposent sur le dessus des rails (1,2), notamment des roues en caoutchouc, respectivement entraînées (14,17) et motrices (15,16) ;
• - d'autre part, des roues de guidage latérales (18, 19,20,21) également caoutchoutées, destinées à assurer le maintien latéral du chariot (3) contre les faces latérales intérieures des rails (1) et (2).

This horizontal translation motor (5) (X) is associated with a reduction gear (6) whose output shaft drives a pulley (7) which, thanks to a V-belt (8), leads to a second pulley (9) mounted on a shaft (10) integral with the carriage (3) connecting the wheels (15) and (16) of this carriage (3). For reasons of convenience, and to facilitate understanding, this carriage (3) has been, as already said, shown in the form of a rigid frame. In fact, this carriage essentially comprises two parts, namely a support structure such as the rigid frame itself (3) forming the carriage itself and a cover (3 ') (see FIG. 1). This carriage (3) includes:

• - On the one hand, wheels (14,15,16,17) which rest on top of the rails (1,2), in particular rubber wheels, respectively driven (14,17) and driving (15,16) ;
• - On the other hand, lateral guide wheels (18, 19,20,21) also rubberized, intended to ensure the lateral retention of the carriage (3) against the inner lateral faces of the rails (1) and (2).

Thus, the V-belt (8) driven by the pulley (7) transmits the movement to the pulley (9) mounted on the wheel (10) integral with the carriage (3) which connects the drive wheels (15) and (16) ) of the carriage (3). Thus, this carriage (3) translates horizontally (X) thanks to its rubberized wheels.

The lifting motor (4) (Y) with variator is also associated with a reduction gear (22) which has an output shaft (23) (see FIG. 9) fitted onto the reduction gear (22) by wedging keys (24) and (25). This shaft (23) projects on each side of the reduction gear (22). On each of the protruding portions (26,27), there is fitted a set (28,29) formed of three parallel flanges (30) and spacers (70,71), so as to define four winding coils (31,32,33,34) for the lifting cables (35,36,35 ', 36'). Two opposite passages (37, 38) allow the passage of the first cable (35) from the spool (31) to the spool (32) and the passage of the other cable (36) from the spool (33) to the spool ( 34). These passages thus make it possible to reverse the direction of winding of the relative front and rear lengths of these cables (35, 36, 35 ', 36').

These lifting cables (35,36,35 ', 36') are made of flexible steel or any other equivalent material, such as, for example, textile cords.

As will be understood later, the reel (31) serves for example to ensure the winding of the part of the cable (35) which controls the lifting of the right leg, the spools (32,33) that of the chest and the coil (34) that of the left leg.

The references (35 ') or (36') designate the portion of the lifting cables (35, 36) arranged on the side of the patient's legs.

Leaving the shaft (23), the cable (36) first passes over a horizontal deflection pulley (40), then over a vertical deflection pulley (41) to descend vertically. Symmetrically, the cable (36 ') passes over a horizontal pulley (42) and a vertical pulley (43).

The cable (35) and (35 ') follows a substantially symmetrical course on the pulleys (44,45,46,47).

The patient support (50) (see Figure 2) characteristic of the invention consists of a flexible, resistant, wrinkle-resistant fabric to prevent bedsores, solid to support the patient during transport, easily washable, sterilizable, comfortable and sufficiently enveloping to prevent the patient from tipping over. Advantageously, cotton fabrics, in particular denim, are used, possibly lined with fleece. anti-decubitus.

Essentially, this support (50) comprises two straps (51,52) which by removable rings (53,54) are connected to the lifting cables (35,36). A first elastic part (55) serves as a headrest. The support then comprises a second part (56) formed of two elementary portions (57,58) projecting, arranged just below the arms and intended to envelop the thorax. The ends (59,60) of these strips are formed by stapling means, such as "Velcro" (registered trademark) strips. In this part (56), is contiguous a third intermediate part (61), intended to receive the back and the posterior of the patient, in which can be formed an orifice (62) covered or not with another fabric, intended to allow stool evacuation. The support (50) finally comprises a fourth part (63) intended to receive the legs of the patient whose edges (64,65) form gussets to receive removable rods. Holes (66,67) open the middle of these rods (68,69) to allow the end of the cables (35 ', 36') to be secured by known means.

When the patient is in bed (see Figures 3 and 10), the fabric (50) rests permanently under him and the hooks (53,54) are fixed for example to the upper uprights of the bed.

When he wishes to move, the patient first hooks the hooks (53,54) on the cables (35,36) (figure 4), then buckles the parts (57,58) on his chest. By a suitable control system not shown, such as for example a voice control, a control with resistive keys, a conventional mechanical control by handle or lever, button, joystick, a remote control by control, etc., the patient can control himself the action of the lifting motor (4) which winds the cables (35,36) and thus ensures the setting in sitting position, the head supported by the elastic headrest (55).

The patient can then hang the ends (35 ') and (36') of the cable on the rigid triangles (68, 69) (see Figure 4). The cable winding differentials (35 ', 36') ensure the gradual rise, therefore the take-off of the patient from the bed. By a second conventional control member, the patient can ensure the drive of the drive motor control (5), so as to bring himself to the desired location, for example in his chair, as shown in the figure 13.

Thus, during the entire transfer phase, the patient is in a seated position on the patient carrier with the legs held beyond the knee joint, which is not the case with the solutions recalled in the preamble .

It goes without saying that all operations can be interrupted during the maneuver.

• - d'une part, des deux moteurs (4) et (5) ;
• - d'autre part, la variation de la vitesse de ces deux moteurs (4) et (5) ;
• - enfin, la logique électrique du système.

The conventional control elements, not shown, available to the patient or the nursing staff, must control:

• - on the one hand, of the two motors (4) and (5);
• - on the other hand, the variation of the speed of these two motors (4) and (5);
• - finally, the electrical logic of the system.

Obviously, these organs must be able to be within reach of the patient in order to confer autonomy. They must also comply with safety standards.

The device according to the invention has many advantages over those known to date, in particular those of the type referred to in the preamble.

• - la possibilité pour le malade d'acquérir une certaine autonomie, donc de ne pas toujours faire appel à une tierce personne ;
• - une construction fiable et économique ;
• - une facilité de montage ;
• - le fait d'être modulable en fonction des handicaps du malade et de l'environnement ;
• - une manipulation ne nécessitant pratiquement aucun effort puisque toutes les opérations de transfert sont motorisées ;
• - une position du malade lors du transfert sûre, ergonomique, et confortable ;
• - enfin, la possibilité pour le malade de se mettre et de se maintenir en position assise.

We can cite :

• - the possibility for the patient to acquire a certain autonomy, therefore not always to call on a third person;
• - reliable and economical construction;
• - ease of assembly;
• - being modular according to the patient's disabilities and the environment;
• - handling requiring virtually no effort since all transfer operations are motorized;
• - a position of the patient during transfer safe, ergonomic, and comfortable;
• - finally, the possibility for the patient to get into and stay in a seated position.

In addition, the invention does not consist simply in having combined the teachings of the old British patent 3894 mentioned in the preamble by adapting a flexible patient carrier therein. Indeed, the solution which would thus be produced would perhaps provide a certain means of lifting the patient, without however ensuring the maintenance, but above all would not solve the problem of the transfer of this patient, which is unacceptable.

In this way, this device can receive numerous applications, not only in a hospital environment, but even in a domestic environment.

Claims (8)

1 / Device for moving a patient of the type comprising: - a support intended to receive the patient's body; - a mobile carriage comprising a motor actuating the cables connected to the support to lift the support loaded vertically with the patient's corsp, then translate it horizontally; - at least one translation rail on which said carriage moves,
characterized: - on the one hand, in that said support (50), intended to receive the patient's body, consists of a flexible canvas of a single piece comprising at least three successive separate parts: . a first part (51, 52, 55) intended to receive and maintain the head of the patient, . a second part (56,61) intended to receive and maintain the patient's body, . a third part (63) intended to receive and maintain the legs of the patient; - And secondly, in that the mobile carriage (3) on at least one rail (1,2) comprises: . a first pair of cables (35,36) connected to the first part (51,52,55) of the support (50), . a second pair of cables (35 ') and (36') connected to the third part (63) of the support (50), . a first motor (4) said to be lifting (Y) for controlling the upward and downward movement of these two pairs of cables (35,36,35 ', 36'), . a second motor (5) called horizontal translation (X) for controlling the horizontal translation action of this carriage (3). 2 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first motor (4) for controlling the vertical movement (Y) is integral with the carriage (3) and is associated with a reduction gear (22) whose output shaft (23 ) comprises two sets each formed by three parallel flanges (30) each defining two pairs of coils (31,32,33,34) on which the cables (35,36,35 ', 36') are wound of the two associated pairs to the support (50). 3 / Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first motor (4) actuates the lifting cables (35,36,35 ', 36'), which by a prior differential adjustment, first of all drive the first part (51,52) of the support (50) to bring the patient into a seated position, then lift the third part (63) of the support (50) so as to allow the whole body of the patient to be lifted in a seated position. 4 / Device according to claim 1 of the type in which the mobile carriage (3) moves on two transverse parallel rails (1,2), characterized in that said carriage (3) comprises translation wheels (14, 15,16 , 17) which rest on the upper face of said rails (1) and (2) and lateral guide wheels (18, 19,20,21) which bear on the inner lateral face of said rails (1) and (2) . 5 / Device according to one of claims 1 and 4, caDactérisé in that the second motor (5) for controlling the horizontal translation (X) drives a first pulley (7) which, by a transmission belt (8), transmits this movement (X) to a second pulley (9) mounted on a shaft (10) integral with the carriage (3), connecting two of the wheels (15,16) of this carriage (3). 6 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cables (35,36,35 ', 36') are flexible cables. 7 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the assembly comprises de-action control members of the two motors (4) and (5) and vertical (Y) and horizontal (X) displacement movements. 8 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the flexible patient carrier fabric (50) is cotton and is permanently placed on the bed spus the patient.

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