DE29823028U1 - Parking brake for a wheel of a driving device - Google Patents

Description

Christiane Wegner G5098

Am Flecken 14 23.12.98

96275 Marktzeuln

Parking brake for a wheel of a vehicle

The invention relates to a parking brake for a running wheel of a vehicle that can be moved by a person, comprising a star-shaped brake ring provided centrally on a running wheel, in the gaps of which a locking element engages to lock the running wheel.

Parking brakes of this type are known in various designs, particularly in connection with strollers, children's sports strollers, doll's prams or buggies. A locking element that can be moved or pivoted in the radial direction engages the teeth of a brake ring and is coupled for this purpose to an actuating device that enables manual disengagement and engagement.

From DE 295 02 418.6 Ul a design of a parking brake is known in which the locking element engages the brake ring in a radial direction and has a brake rod that is parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel and is attached to a sliding bolt that is mounted on a support element so that it can move transversely to the axis of rotation of the wheel against the force of a spring. The locking element is automatically engaged under spring action as soon as the sliding lock is released. The parking lock is designed in such a way that it can only be operated from the side of the vehicle on which it is attached. There are also two independent

Actuating elements are provided, on the one hand for disengaging and on the other hand for releasing the locking in the disengaged state of the locking elements in order to be able to engage with the gearing again.

In the case of strollers, it is also known to provide a pivoting brake rod parallel to the axis of the wheels on the rear of the stroller frame, with rubberized brake elements attached to both ends, which can be pivoted onto the two wheels. They rest against the levers under spring action and form a shoe brake. The spring is attached in the longitudinal direction of the pivoting levers, on the one hand to the lever itself, and on the other hand in the area of the linkage bearings in the frame, so that a spring effect is achieved. The brake rod itself is actuated by grasping it and lifting it or pressing it, for example by operating it with a foot. The spring mechanism ensures that when the brake elements are raised, the brake rod grips against a stop in the upper position and when pressed down, the desired braking effect is achieved by the spring.

Based on the state of the art described, the invention is based on the object of developing a parking brake of the generic type in such a way that the wheel locks automatically with a spring effect by simple actuation, is easy to disengage and is designed in such a way that it can also be used in conjunction with a single wheel. A further aim is to combine the spring mechanism with an actuation that only allows the vehicle to be pushed or pulled when the corresponding pull or push rod is grasped.
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The first subtask is achieved according to the invention in a parking brake of the generic type by the features specified in the independent claims 1 and 5

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• V

The further sub-task is solved by combining the teachings given in claims 1 and 5 together with the teaching of claim 18.

Advantageous further developments of the invention are specified in detail in the subclaims in a self-explanatory manner.

According to the teaching of claim 1, a known spring mechanism is used as a parking brake, whereby an additionally provided coupling of the actuating element also enables a forced actuation of the swing arm and thus of the parking brake in addition to the spring effect.

The design according to the independent claim 5 is based on the principle that the swing arm of the parking brake can be disengaged against the action of a spring by means of an arc element, which arc element is supported on the axle or on a support surface for this purpose and is coupled to an actuating device in order to transform the rolling movement of the rolling surface on the support surface into a radial movement of the swing arm by means of a rotary movement. Depending on the rolling direction, the locking element either gets into the toothing or is swung out of the brake ring.

The springs in both designs are arranged in such a way that a spring action is achieved, i.e. that the locking element is held stable in both the one position and the other by the spring action, so that, for example, in the disengaged position only a certain minimum force is required to overcome the maximum spring tension. The locking element then engages in the toothing under the spring force. This also ensures that when the locking element is placed on an arc of the brake ring between two adjacent toothings, the locking element engages in the next one if

the wheel continues to rotate. On the other hand, when swinging out, it is ensured that when the spring force is overcome at the dead center, the spring automatically causes the wheel to lift off, causing the swing arm to swing against a stop.

It is clear that between the dead center and the disengagement of the locking element from the gearing, a certain path can be defined, which in turn depends on the dimensions. This path can now be used to raise the swing arm against the force of the spring, until the locking element disengages and thus releases the wheel before the spring can exert its spring action over the dead center. With such a design, it is clear that two effects can be easily coupled together; firstly, actuation via a handle element, which is coupled to the push bar of a stroller, for example, and foot actuation. If the handle element is pulled when pushing, it automatically raises the swing arm so high that the locking element comes out of the brake ring, but is not brought into the upper disengagement position by the spring's spring action. If the handle is released, the swing arm automatically lowers due to the spring force and with it the locking element into the gearing. The locking element can also be attached to the arched element if the parking brake has one. On the other hand, an additional actuating element can be provided on the actuating device, which enables the swing arm to be pivoted further beyond the dead center of the spring, so that the spring then moves the locking lever into the pivoted-out position against a stop. By attaching the swing arms above or below the axles, reverse movements for locking and unlocking the parking brakes are possible with the same design of the actuating devices.

With strollers with swivel pushers, it is possible to move them in two directions by pushing. Even with such a design, the invention in its further development ensures that if there is only a single parking brake on one of the wheels, operation is guaranteed. This is also ensured if wheels are provided on both sides of an axle or if there are parking brakes assigned to individual front or rear wheels, these can be operated. For this purpose, a further development of the invention provides that a coupling rod is guided in the frame of the stroller frame in order to be able to carry out the operation regardless of which side the person pushing is on in relation to the stroller. A coupling rod is provided for the coupling, which essentially consists of coupling and other levers as well as at least one connecting rod. The length of the levers is chosen so that automatic tracking is also provided for collapsible stroller frames, where the stroller axles move away from each other when folded, without the connecting rod having to be released from one of its anchors. A mechanical coupling also ensures shortening in the same way when the two wheels are moved towards each other. In this case, the shape is shortened by the levers first being moved towards each other and then being pivoted more or less parallel by the shorter connecting rod. It goes without saying that an adjustment of the coupling with the swing arm or the swing arm with the rod must be made in such a way that the movement sequences are not hindered by the locking attachment or other protruding bearing attachments.

For strollers designed for more than one child, at least two wheels must be equipped with parking brakes.

The bar coupling of the actuating element makes it easy to operate two parallel parking brakes. In the event of an even higher load, it must also be ensured that the stroller can be locked on all four wheels. This is also guaranteed by the invention.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a parking brake with a swing arm and an actuator

lever,

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a parking brake with a curved element in the form of an eccentric element,

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the parking brake shown in Figure 2 with an actuating rod that can be controlled remotely, and 25

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a coupling between an actuating element on one side of the chassis and an arc element of a parking brake on the other side of a chassis.

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a wheel that has a flanged brake ring 2, which can also be designed separately from the wheel, but connected to it via a hub. The brake ring 2 has teeth 11 that are distributed around the circumference. A locking element 6, e.g. in the form of a laterally

protruding pin. However, this can also be a bridge pin that is attached between two legs of a swing arm 3, which are spaced apart so that the brake ring 2 can enter the space between them. The locking element 6 is located at the free end of the swing arm 3, which is pivotally attached to a frame beam 5 of the vehicle frame, e.g. a stroller frame. Below the bearing 24, offset to the rear, there is also an abutment for a tension spring 12, the other abutment 25 of which is provided on the swing arm 3. The bearing 24 is located above the axis 9 of the wheel 1, within the radius of the brake ring 2. The offset abutment of the tension spring 12 on the frame beam exerts a constant torque on the swing arm 3. In any case, the assignment must be selected in such a way that at least a jump effect or a spring effect acts on the rocker 3 in a downward direction, so that when the actuating lever 7, which is arranged so as to be rotatable on the axis 9 of the impeller 1, is pivoted, it automatically engages in the toothing.

In the exemplary embodiment, the actuating lever 7 is pivoted into the position shown in dashed lines. For this purpose, an actuating element 10 is coupled to the actuating lever 7, which can be actuated with the foot. To disengage the locking element 6 from the gearing, it is only necessary to exert pressure on the actuating element 10 so that the actuating lever 7 pivots into the position shown. In the exemplary embodiment, the rocker arm 3 is gripped by a guide roller. However, it is also possible to provide a forced coupling by engaging a bearing bolt in an elongated hole in the rocker arm 3 and being moved back and forth in this by actuating the actuating element 10, so that a forced adjustment is added to the spring action of the spring 12, while the spring action in the illustrated embodiment only occurs in the

tension on lifting is given. In the case of forced coupling, no stop for the swing arm needs to be provided if the displacement path is limited by the length of the slot.

Figures 2 and 3 show another parking brake according to the invention. In this case, the wheel also has a brake ring 2 with teeth 11, into which a locking element 6 engages, which is attached to a swing arm 3. The swing arm 3 is pivotably mounted on a bearing bolt 24, which is provided on a frame beam 5. The special feature of this design is that the swing arm is pivotably connected to an arched element 16 in the form of an eccentric element. For this purpose, a bearing bore 26 is provided in the arched element 16, into which a bearing bolt 8 engages. The bearing bolt 8 is attached to the swing arm 3 and has an end protruding on the rear, which forms the locking element 6. The asymmetrical bearing bore 2 6 is located in the disengaged position of the element above the brake ring 2. An actuating element 10 in the form of a bracket is also firmly attached to the arch element 16, which rests on a support surface 18 of the frame beam 5 with a convex rolling surface, via which a parking brake of the same design can be actuated on the other side. A bearing bolt 19 is also provided on the arch element 16 approximately in the area of the bearing bore 26, which forms an abutment for the tension spring 22, which in turn is hooked onto the axle 9 with the spring end 2 6. The spring therefore acts on the eccentric via the bearing bolt 19 and is relaxed when the arch element 10 rolls at the same time; at the same time the locking element 6 engages in the toothing 11. By stepping on the actuating element 10, which is mounted in a groove 21 of the eccentric curved element 16 and is attached to the curved element by means of rivets 23, a rotational movement is

exerted. During this rotary movement, the rolling surface 17 rolls on the support surface 18. At the same time, the eccentric bore 2 6 is raised and the rocker 3 is carried along so that the actuating element 6 emerges from the toothing. The deflection path is limited by a stop (not shown). If, however, the actuating element 10 is gripped under and the dead center of the spring is exceeded, the spring 22 automatically pulls the locking element into the toothing.

Figure 3 differs from Figure 2 only in that a coupling rod is also shown, which consists of a coupling lever 20 which is attached to the eccentric arch element 16 on the one hand and on the other hand to a connecting rod 27 which, for example, projects into the upper area of the chassis and is coupled there to a manual operating element or to an operating device on the other side of the chassis, so that a locking or releasing of the same is effected when pulling or pushing.

The connecting rod 27 according to Figure 3 can also be arranged almost horizontally in the lower area of the frame, as can be seen in the schematic representation in Figure 4, and can be coupled to a lever 15, which in turn is pivotably mounted on a bearing in the frame and is firmly connected to an actuating element 28, e.g. a footrest, so that the arch element 16 can also be pivoted via the coupling shown in Figure 4. The connecting rod 27 is pivotally connected to the ends of the coupling lever 20 and the lever 15. A front axle 9 of the vehicle or stroller can be used as a pivot axis for the lever 15, for example. The rear axle 9 is located below the arch element 16. The mutually directed

The arrows 29 symbolize that the axes 9 can be moved towards each other when folding up a frame, e.g. a stroller frame. In this case, the connecting rod 27 causes the two levers 20 and 15 to be moved almost parallel. With an extremely favorable design, it is possible to bring the axes 9 together by the length of the lever 15 or the length of the coupling lever 20. In the case of a chassis in which the axes 9 move away from each other when the frame is folded up, which is symbolized by the second arrows 30, the upper ends of the levers 15 and 20 pivot towards each other so that the axes 9 can be moved away from each other without hindrance up to the sum of the lengths of the two levers 15 and 20. This assumes, however, that the movement of the levers 15 and 16 is not hindered by stops or other protruding parts. The same applies to the locking element of the individual parking brakes. Figure 4 also shows that with the appropriate coupling, the connecting rods 27 do not have to be released from the bearings or interrupted.

The coupling via a connecting rod also has the advantage that the parking brakes on the front and rear wheels can be directly coupled to one another. This also makes it possible to switch the four brakes acting on the individual wheels at the same time. In a further embodiment of the invention, even with a rigid shaft coupling of the front or rear wheels, only a single parking brake needs to be provided, whereby the second wheel is prevented from rotating via the shaft.

List of reference symbols

1 Wheel 2 Brake ring 3 Swingarm 4 Wheel bearing carrier 5 Frame beam 6 Locking element 7 Operating lever 8th Bearing bolt 9 Axle (wheel) 10 Actuator 11 Gearing 12 ¹ spring 13 Leadership role 14 Running edge 15 lever 16 Arch element 17 convex rolling surface 18 Support surface 19 Bearing bolt 20 Coupling lever 21 Groove 22 Tension spring 23 Rivet 24 camp 25 Abutment 26 Bearing bore 27 Connecting rod 28 Actuator 29 arrows pointing at each other 30 arrows pointing away from each other

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Claims (21)

Protection claims 1. Parking brake for a running wheel of a vehicle that can be moved by a person, having a star-shaped brake ring provided centrally on a running wheel, in the gaps of which a locking element engages to lock the running wheel, characterized in that a spring-loaded swing arm (3) of a spring mechanism is provided on a wheel bearing carrier or on an articulated beam (5) of the vehicle so as to be pivotable and axially parallel to the axis (9) of the running wheel (1), at the free end of which the locking element (6) is provided, - that an actuating lever (7) which is pivotably mounted on a stationary bearing pin parallel to the axis or on the axle (9) of the impeller, is coupled to the rocker (3) in a longitudinally displaceable manner or engages behind it, and - that an actuating element (10) is firmly connected to the actuating lever (7) and can be actuated manually, . in one position the locking element (6) is disengaged from the toothing (11) and in the other position engages in the toothing (11) and is held in position by the spring (12). 2. Parking brake according to claim 1, characterized in that characterized in that a guide roller (13) is provided on the actuating lever (7), which engages under the rocker (3) or a running edge of the rocker (3). 3. Parking brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuating lever (7) is guided with a driver in an elongated hole in the rocker (3). 4. Parking brake according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring (12) is a tension spring and is arranged to run essentially along the swing arm (3), a bearing (24) being provided on the frame beam or on the wheel bearing carrier and the abutment (25) on the swing arm (3). 5. Parking brake for a wheel of a vehicle that can be moved by a person, having a star-shaped brake ring provided centrally on a wheel, in the gaps of which a locking element engages for locking the wheel, characterized in that - that an arched element (16) with a convex rolling surface (17) is provided, which rests on the axle (9) of the running wheel transversely to the longitudinal direction of the same or on a support surface provided in the area of the latter within the diameter of the brake ring (2) under spring tension, whereby the protruding end of the arched element (16) is pivotally mounted on a rocker (3) which is pivotally mounted on a wheel bearing carrier or on a frame beam (5) of the driving device and parallel to the axle (9), - that the locking element (6) is attached to the arch element (16) or to the coupling end of the rocker (3), and - that an actuating device is operatively connected to the arched element (16) or the rocker, such that when it is actuated in one direction, under spring action, the locking element (6) engages in the toothing (11) and when actuated in the other direction, the locking element (δ) emerges from the toothing (11). 6. Parking brake according to claim 5, characterized in that the pivot axes are arranged in such a way that they are coordinated with one another and a tension spring (22) is provided with the arched element (16) and an abutment on the wheel bearing carrier or the frame of the vehicle or the axle (9) in such a way that when the actuating device is actuated and the arched element (16) rolls, the locking element (6) engages the brake ring (2) with a spring effect and that when the opposite rolling movement is actuated by actuating the actuating device, when a certain distance is exceeded, the locking element (6) disengages from the brake ring (2) and the arched element (16) remains in a stable disengagement position under the action of the spring. 7. Parking brake according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the arched element (16) and the coupled rocker (3) are arranged below or above the axle (9). 8. Parking brake according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the curved element (16) is an eccentric element whose asymmetrical bore is the bearing bore for a bearing bolt (8) on the swing arm (3) _. 9. Parking brake according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that the bearing bolt (8) is extended to the wheel side and the extension forms the locking element (6). 10. Parking brake according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the actuating device has an actuating element (10) which is attached to the arch element (16) or is machined out of it in one piece and protrudes at the rear so that it can be actuated manually with a foot or with a hand. 11. Parking brake according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that a tension spring (22) is attached to the arch element (16) on the one hand and to the axle (9) on the other hand or to an abutment on the wheel bearing support element / wherein the abutment on the arch element (16) is provided at such a point / that a desired spring effect is provided at least when the locking element (6) engages in the ring gear (2). 12. Parking brake according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device or the rocker (3) is connected to a mechanical coupling rod which enables actuation also from the side of the vehicle on which no parking brake is provided, whereby the coupling rod is guided in the frame of the vehicle and can be actuated directly as a push/pull rod or via a coupled lever (15) which can be folded into two positions. 13. Parking brake according to claim 12, characterized in that the coupling rod has at least one coupling lever (20) on the arched element (16) or the actuating element (10) or on the swing arm (3), to which a connecting rod (27) is articulated at one end, which is pivotally connected at the second end directly or via further connecting elements to the lever (15) on the other side of the driving device, which has an actuating element (28) which, when actuated, results in a movement transformation on the arched element (16) or the swing arm (3). 14. Parking brake according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the lever (15) is hinged to a second axle of the front wheel or to a frame beam or wheel bearing carrier. 15. Parking brake according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that the lengths of the coupling lever (20) and lever (15) are matched to one another in such a way that when used in a vehicle with a collapsible frame, the coupling rod does not hinder movement as the wheel spacing increases. 16; Parking brake according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that the connecting rod (27) is directly connected to the arch element (16) or the swing arm (3) and enables direct actuation of the brake from the other side of the vehicle and is arranged so as to be longitudinally displaceable in the frame. 17. Parking brake according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the rear wheels (1) and/or the front wheels each have a parking brake and the rocker (3), the arch elements (16) or the actuating elements (10) are mechanically coupled to one another and that when an actuating element (10, 28) is actuated, the coupled parking brakes are actuated synchronously. 18. Parking brake according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that an actuating device is coupled to the rocker (3), which is operatively connected to a handle that is attached to a push and/or pull device of the driving device in such a way that when the corresponding movement is carried out, the locking element (6) is lifted out of the brake ring (2) by mechanical coupling and when the handle is released, the locking element (6) automatically engages in the brake ring (2). 19. Parking brake according to claim 18, characterized in that a Bowden cable is provided for mechanical coupling. 20. Parking brake according to claim 18 or 19, characterized by the combination with an actuating device according to claim 10. 21. Parking brake according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle is a stroller, children's pushchair, buggy or doll's pram.