CN118766694A - Wheelchair with disc brake device capable of quickly separating rear wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wheelchairs, and particularly discloses a wheelchair with a disc brake device, which can quickly separate rear wheels, and comprises a driven component, two support components, two wheel components, two front pushing components and two rear disc brake components, wherein the driven component is detachably connected to the lower ends of the two support components; the two wheel assemblies are detachably connected to the outer sides of the two rear disc brake assemblies respectively, the two front pushing assemblies are detachably connected to the two support assemblies respectively, the two front pushing assemblies are located at the front ends of the two rear disc brake assemblies, the two support assemblies are connected through a fixed cross beam, and the two rear disc brake assemblies are connected through a rear axle cross beam. The invention can disassemble and assemble the rear wheels of the wheelchair, is convenient for maintenance and replacement of the rear wheels, and the double-brake structure ensures that the braking performance of the wheelchair is more stable and rapid, and the wheelchair turns more conveniently.

Description

Wheelchair with disc brake device capable of quickly separating rear wheels

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of wheelchairs, and in particular to a wheelchair with a disc brake device capable of quickly separating rear wheels.

Background Art

A wheelchair is a chair with wheels, mainly used to help the injured, sick and disabled move and do activities. It is not only an important means of transportation for the physically disabled and those with limited mobility, but also makes it easier for family members to take care of the patients and enable them to participate in social activities.

According to different usage requirements, wheelchairs can be divided into two types: manual wheelchairs and electric wheelchairs. Manual wheelchairs are usually lighter and suitable for people with short-term mobility problems, while electric wheelchairs have more advanced functions, such as forward, backward, turning, standing and lying, etc., and are suitable for users who need to rely on wheelchairs for a long time.

The existing technology still has the following areas for improvement: the existing wheelchairs and rear wheels are usually fixedly connected. If the rear wheels need to be maintained or replaced, multiple tools are needed to disassemble them, which is cumbersome and prone to losing parts. For manual wheelchairs, since there is no motor drive, it is difficult to brake. After the wheelchair loses force, it is easy to continue moving due to inertia, which can easily cause injury to the user. Moreover, since the two rear wheels are parallel, turning the wheelchair is also a big problem.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a wheelchair with a disc brake device whose rear wheels can be quickly separated. The rear wheels of the wheelchair can be disassembled and assembled, which is convenient for the maintenance and replacement of the rear wheels. The double brake structure makes the braking performance of the wheelchair more stable and faster, and also makes the turning of the wheelchair more convenient.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A wheelchair with a disc brake device capable of quickly separating rear wheels, comprising a driven assembly, two support assemblies, two wheel assemblies, two front pushing assemblies and two rear disc brake assemblies, wherein the driven assembly is detachably connected to the lower ends of the two support assemblies, and the two rear disc brake assemblies are detachably connected to the two support assemblies respectively;

The two wheel assemblies are detachably connected to the outer sides of the two rear disc brake assemblies, the two front pushing assemblies are detachably connected to the two support assemblies, the two front pushing assemblies are both located at the front ends of the two rear disc brake assemblies, the two support assemblies are connected by a fixed crossbeam, and the two rear disc brake assemblies are connected by a rear axle crossbeam;

The support assembly comprises a backrest vertical tube, a support bridge tube, a handle, a support connecting piece, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the backrest vertical tube is fixedly connected to the rear end of the support bridge tube through a connecting piece, the backrest vertical tube and the support bridge tube are perpendicular, the handle is detachably connected to the upper end of the backrest vertical tube, and the support connecting piece and the first connecting rod are both connected to the inner side of the upper end of the connecting piece through a shaft;

The two ends of the first connecting rod are detachably connected to the inner side of the supporting connecting member, one end of the supporting connecting member is detachably connected to the connecting member via a rotating shaft, the middle position of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the second connecting rod is located in a groove provided on the supporting connecting member;

The front pushing assembly includes a handle operating rod, a handle sliding member, an adjustment scale rod and a handle fixing member. The two adjustment scale rods are detachably connected to the two ends of the fixed beam. The handle fixing member is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment scale rods. The handle sliding member is slidably connected to the handle fixing member. One end of the handle operating rod is located between the handle sliding member and the handle fixing member. The handle operating rod is slidably connected to the handle sliding member. The handle operating rod is rotatably connected to the handle fixing member.

Furthermore, each of the supporting bridge tubes is provided with a guard plate plug, a backrest bottom plate is provided between the two backrest vertical tubes, a side guard plate is provided on the inner side of each guard plate plug, a seat cushion is provided between the two supporting bridge tubes, and a leg rest belt is provided at the lower end between the two supporting bridge tubes.

Furthermore, two brake wires are fixedly provided at the rear end of each handle sliding member, and each two brake wires are located in a hole opened on the corresponding handle fixing member.

Furthermore, the rear disc brake assembly includes a bridge tube column, a side tube clamp, a brake disc, a column clamp, a flange and a brake, each of the bridge tube columns is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting bridge tube, the side tube clamp and the column clamp are both sleeved on the lower end of the bridge tube column, the side tube clamp is located above the column clamp, and a support frame is rotatably provided on the column clamp;

A bridge tube clamp is rotatably arranged on the support frame, and the bridge tube clamp is fixedly connected to the brake. A groove matching with the brake disc is provided on the brake, and a quick-release bushing is respectively arranged inside the two ends of the rear axle cross beam, and the brake disc and the flange are both sleeved on the quick-release bushing. The quick-release bushing is located in the hole opened by the bridge tube clamp, and the brake disc is located on the inner side of the flange.

Furthermore, the other end of each brake line is fixedly connected to the brake, the rear axle crossbeam is located between the two side tube clamps, and the flange is connected to the quick-release bushing via a bearing.

Furthermore, the wheel assembly includes a hub, a quick-release spindle and a push cover, a telescopic rod is slidably arranged inside the quick-release spindle, one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the push cover, the quick-release spindle is slidably connected to the center position of the hub, the push cover is located on the outside of the hub, two limiting beads are arranged on the end of the telescopic rod away from the push cover, and two holes matching the limiting beads are provided on the quick-release spindle.

Furthermore, a plurality of spokes are fixedly provided on the hub, a rear wheel is fixedly provided on the other end of the plurality of spokes, and a hand push ring is fixedly provided on the outer side of the rear wheel.

Furthermore, the driven component includes a pedal, a bottom tube, two forearms and two front wheels, the bottom tube is fixedly connected to the lower side of the two supporting bridge tubes, the pedal is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom tube, the two forearms are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two supporting bridge tubes, a front fork is fixedly provided below each forearm through a steering shaft, an angle adjuster is provided on each forearm, and each front wheel is rotatably connected to the corresponding front fork.

Furthermore, the flange and the hub are connected, and bosses that fit together are provided on the contact surfaces of the flange and the hub, and the quick-release spindle is located inside the quick-release sleeve.

Furthermore, the two second connecting rods are connected via a backrest pull rod, and the two backrest vertical tubes are connected via a backrest bent tube.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) By setting the wheel assembly, the technical effect that can be achieved is that a telescopic rod is slidably arranged inside the quick-release main shaft, one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the press cover, the quick-release main shaft is slidably connected to the center position of the hub, the press cover is located on the outside of the hub, two limit beads are arranged on the end of the telescopic rod away from the press cover, and two holes matching with the limit beads are arranged on the quick-release main shaft;

The push cover is pressed, the telescopic rod moves inward, the two limit beads are pushed back into the quick-release spindle, the quick-release spindle is installed in the quick-release bushing, the flange and the bosses on the hub are aligned, the push cover is released, the telescopic rod moves outward, the two limit beads are pushed up until the telescopic rod moves inward to the outside, the position of the quick-release spindle and the quick-release bushing is fixed, the wheel assembly can quickly disassemble and assemble the rear wheel of the wheelchair, and the maintenance and replacement of the rear wheel are convenient, the flange and the bosses of the hub are aligned, the rear wheel and the brake disc can rotate synchronously, and it is convenient to brake in time, the position of the quick-release spindle and the quick-release bushing is fixed by the limit beads, and the rear wheel is prevented from detaching from the wheelchair, the push cover is used to push the telescopic rod to prevent the rear wheel from falling off due to misoperation after the rear wheel is installed, and it is also convenient to detect whether it is fully installed.

(2) By setting the front push-tightening assembly, the technical effect that can be achieved is that the two adjustment scale rods are detachably connected to the two ends of the fixed crossbeam, the handle fixing piece is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment scale rod, the handle sliding piece is slidably connected to the handle fixing piece, one end of the handle operating rod is located between the handle sliding piece and the handle fixing piece, the handle operating rod is slidably connected to the handle sliding piece, the handle operating rod is rotatably connected to the handle fixing piece, and the handle operating rod has a self-locking function;

A guard plate plug is provided on each supporting bridge tube, a backrest bottom plate is provided between the two backrest vertical tubes, a side guard plate is provided on the inner side of each guard plate plug, a seat cushion is provided between the two supporting bridge tubes, and a leg support belt is provided at the lower end between the two supporting bridge tubes. The front pushing assembly can drive the handle sliding part to move forward by pulling the handle operating rod, and the two brake lines drive the brake to rotate forward. The two brake lines are used for the rotation of the brake, and the handle operating rod is arc-shaped, which is convenient for users to operate.

(3) By setting up the rear disc brake assembly, the technical effect that can be achieved is that each bridge tube column is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting bridge tube, the side tube clamp and the column clamp are both mounted on the lower end of the bridge tube column, the side tube clamp is located above the column clamp, and a support frame is rotatably arranged on the column clamp; the bridge tube clamp is rotatably arranged on the support frame, the bridge tube clamp is fixedly connected to the brake, and a groove matching the brake disc is opened on the brake, and a quick-release bushing is respectively arranged inside the two ends of the rear axle crossbeam, the brake disc and the flange are both mounted on the quick-release bushing, the quick-release bushing is located in the hole opened by the bridge tube clamp, and the brake disc is located on the inner side of the flange. The double brake structure makes the braking performance of the wheelchair more stable and faster, and also makes the turning of the wheelchair more convenient. The brake disc is controlled to stop by the brake, which is convenient for rapid braking. The flange and the brake disc rotate synchronously, which is convenient for transmitting the rotational force of the rear wheel to the brake disc.

(4) By setting up the support assembly, the technical effect that can be achieved is that the backrest vertical tube is fixedly connected to the rear end of the support bridge tube through the connecting bracket, the backrest vertical tube and the support bridge tube are perpendicular to each other, the handle is detachably connected to the upper end of the backrest vertical tube, the support connector and the first connecting rod are both connected to the inner side of the upper end of the connecting bracket through an axis, the two ends of the first connecting rod are detachably connected to the inner side of the support connector, one end of the support connector is detachably connected to the connecting bracket through a rotating shaft, the middle position of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the second connecting rod is located in a groove opened on the support connector, the support bridge tube is used to support parts, the angle between the backrest vertical tube and the support bridge tube can be adjusted to facilitate the user to be in a comfortable position, and the handle is convenient for pushing the wheelchair from the rear.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a left side view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG3 is a top view of the present invention with the backrest base plate, side guard plates, seat cushion and leg support belt removed;

FIG4 is a right sectional view of the present invention with the backrest base plate, side guard plate, seat cushion and leg support belt removed;

FIG5 is a perspective view of a support assembly, a driven assembly and two front tightening assemblies in the present invention;

FIG6 is a left side view of the support assembly, the front tightening assembly and the rear disc brake assembly of the present invention;

FIG7 is a right side view of the support assembly, the front tightening assembly and the rear disc brake assembly of the present invention;

FIG8 is a right side view of the wheel assembly of the present invention;

FIG9 is a front view of the wheel assembly of the present invention;

FIG10 is a right side view of the rear disc brake assembly of the present invention;

FIG11 is a left side view of the rear disc brake assembly of the present invention;

FIG12 is a right side view of the wheel assembly of the present invention with the rear wheel, the push ring and the plurality of spokes removed;

FIG13 is a left side view of the wheel assembly of the present invention with the rear wheel, the push ring and the plurality of spokes removed;

FIG14 is a front view of the wheel assembly of the present invention with the rear wheel, the push ring and the plurality of spokes removed;

Description of main component symbols:

In the figure: 1, support assembly; 11, backrest bottom plate; 12, side guard plate; 13, seat cushion; 14, leg support belt; 15, backrest curved pipe; 16, support bridge pipe; 17, backrest vertical pipe; 18, handle; 19, support connector; 110, first connecting rod; 111, second connecting rod; 112, guard plate plug; 113, backrest pull rod;

2. Wheel assembly; 21. Rear wheel; 22. Spokes; 23. Hand wheel; 24. Hub; 25. Quick-release spindle; 26. Press cover; 27. Stop bead;

3. Driven assembly; 31. Forearm; 32. Angle adjuster; 33. Steering shaft; 34. Bottom tube; 35. Front fork; 36. Front wheel; 37. Pedal;

4. Front push assembly; 41. Fixed crossbeam; 42. Handle operating rod; 43. Handle sliding piece; 44. Adjustment scale rod; 45. Handle fixing piece;

5. Rear disc brake assembly; 51. Rear axle crossbeam; 52. Bridge tube column; 53. Side tube clamp; 54. Brake disc; 55. Flange; 56. Support frame; 57. Brake; 58. Bearing; 59. Column clamp; 510. Bridge tube clamp; 511. Quick release bushing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application; obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "set/connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

1 to 14 , a wheelchair with a disc brake device capable of quickly detaching rear wheels is disclosed in the present invention, comprising a driven component 3, two supporting components 1, two wheel components 2, two front pushing components 4 and two rear disc brake components 5, wherein the driven component 3 is detachably connected to the lower ends of the two supporting components 1, and the two rear disc brake components 5 are detachably connected to the two supporting components 1, respectively.

The two wheel assemblies 2 are detachably connected to the outer sides of the two rear disc brake assemblies 5, and the two front pushing assemblies 4 are detachably connected to the two supporting assemblies 1. The two front pushing assemblies 4 are both located at the front ends of the two rear disc brake assemblies 5. The two supporting assemblies 1 are connected by a fixed crossbeam 41, and the two rear disc brake assemblies 5 are connected by a rear axle crossbeam 51.

The support assembly 1 includes a backrest vertical tube 17, a support bridge tube 16, a handle 18, a support connector 19, a first connecting rod 110 and a second connecting rod 111. The backrest vertical tube 17 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the support bridge tube 16 through a connecting member. The backrest vertical tube 17 and the support bridge tube 16 are perpendicular to each other. The handle 18 is detachably connected to the upper end of the backrest vertical tube 17. The support connector 19 and the first connecting rod 110 are both connected to the inner side of the upper end of the connecting member through an axis.

Both ends of the first connecting rod 110 are detachably connected to the inner side of the supporting connecting member 19, one end of the supporting connecting member 19 is detachably connected to the connecting member through a rotating shaft, the middle position of the second connecting rod 111 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the second connecting rod 111 is located in a groove opened on the supporting connecting member 19.

The supporting bridge tube 16 is used to support parts, and the angle between the backrest vertical tube 17 and the supporting bridge tube 16 can be adjusted to facilitate the user to be in a comfortable position, and the handle 18 is convenient for pushing the wheelchair from the rear.

The front pushing assembly 4 includes a handle operating rod 42, a handle sliding member 43, an adjustment scale rod 44 and a handle fixing member 45. The two adjustment scale rods 44 are detachably connected at the two ends of the fixed beam 41. The handle fixing member 45 is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment scale rod 44. The handle sliding member 43 is slidably connected to the handle fixing member 45. One end of the handle operating rod 42 is located between the handle sliding member 43 and the handle fixing member 45. The handle operating rod 42 is slidably connected to the handle sliding member 43. The handle operating rod 42 is rotatably connected to the handle fixing member 45. The handle operating rod 42 has a self-locking function.

A guard plate plug 112 is provided on each supporting bridge tube 16, a backrest base plate 11 is provided between the two backrest vertical tubes 17, a side guard plate 12 is provided on the inner side of each guard plate plug 112, a seat cushion 13 is provided between the two supporting bridge tubes 16, and a leg support belt 14 is provided at the lower end between the two supporting bridge tubes 16.

Two brake wires are fixedly disposed at the rear end of each handle sliding member 43 , and each of the two brake wires are located in a hole formed on the corresponding handle fixing member 45 .

The front pushing assembly 4 can drive the handle slide 43 to move forward by pulling the handle operating rod 42, and the two brake lines drive the support frame 56 to rotate forward. The two brake lines are used for the rotation of the support frame 56. The handle operating rod 42 is arc-shaped, which is convenient for users to operate.

The rear disc brake assembly 5 includes a bridge tube column 52, a side tube clamp 53, a brake disc 54, a column clamp 59, a flange 55 and a brake 57. Each bridge tube column 52 is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting bridge tube 16. The side tube clamp 53 and the column clamp 59 are both mounted on the lower end of the bridge tube column 52. The side tube clamp 53 is located above the column clamp 59. A support frame 56 is rotatably arranged on the column clamp 59.

A bridge tube clamp 510 is rotatably provided on the support frame 56, and the bridge tube clamp 510 is fixedly connected to the brake 57. The brake 57 is provided with a groove that matches the brake disc 54. A quick-release bushing 511 is respectively provided inside the two ends of the rear axle cross beam 51. The brake disc 54 and the flange 55 are both sleeved on the quick-release bushing 511. The quick-release bushing 511 is located in the hole opened by the bridge tube clamp 510, and the brake disc 54 is located on the inner side of the flange 55.

The other end of each brake line is fixedly connected to the brake 57 . The rear axle crossbeam 51 is located between the two side pipe clamps 53 . The flange 55 is connected to the quick-release bushing 511 through the bearing 58 .

The double brake structure makes the wheelchair's braking performance more stable and faster, and also makes the wheelchair's turning more convenient. The brake disc 54 is stopped by the brake 57 to facilitate rapid braking. The flange 55 and the brake disc 54 rotate synchronously to facilitate the transmission of the rotational force of the rear wheel 21 to the brake disc 54.

The wheel assembly 2 includes a hub 24, a quick-release spindle 25 and a press cover 26. A telescopic rod is slidably arranged inside the quick-release spindle 25. One end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the press cover 26. The quick-release spindle 25 is slidably connected to the center position of the hub 24. The press cover 26 is located on the outside of the hub 24. Two limiting beads 27 are arranged on the end of the telescopic rod away from the press cover 26. The quick-release spindle 25 has two holes that match the limiting beads 27.

A plurality of spokes 22 are fixedly disposed on the hub 24 , a rear wheel 21 is fixedly disposed on the other end of the plurality of spokes 22 , and a hand wheel 23 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the rear wheel 21 .

The wheel assembly 2 can quickly disassemble and assemble the rear wheel 21 of the wheelchair, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement of the rear wheel 21. The flange 55 and the boss of the hub 24 are aligned, so that the rear wheel 21 and the brake disc 54 can rotate synchronously, which is convenient for timely braking. The position of the quick-release main shaft 25 and the quick-release shaft sleeve 511 is fixed by the limit bead 27 to prevent the rear wheel 21 from detaching from the wheelchair. The press cover 26 is used to push the telescopic rod to prevent the rear wheel 21 from falling off due to misoperation after the rear wheel 21 is installed, and it is also convenient to detect whether it is fully installed.

The driven component 3 includes a pedal 37, a bottom tube 34, two front arms 31 and two front wheels 36. The bottom tube 34 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the two supporting bridge tubes 16, the pedal 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom tube 34, the two forearms 31 are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two supporting bridge tubes 16, a front fork 35 is fixedly provided below each forearm 31 through a steering shaft 33, an angle adjuster 32 is provided on each forearm 31, and each front wheel 36 is rotatably connected to the corresponding front fork 35.

The flange 55 is connected to the hub 24, and bosses that match each other are arranged on the contact surfaces of the flange 55 and the hub 24. The quick-release spindle 25 is located inside the quick-release sleeve 511. The two second connecting rods 111 are connected through the backrest pull rod 113, and the two backrest vertical pipes 17 are connected through the backrest bent pipe 15.

The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: when driving is required, the user pushes the two hand push rings 23 with both hands to drive the two rear wheels 21 to move, so that the wheelchair moves;

When braking is needed, the user pulls the handle operating rods 42 on both sides backwards at the same time, the handle operating rods 42 are self-locked, the handle operating rods 42 drive the handle sliding member 43 to move forward, the two brake lines drive the brake 57 to rotate forward, and the brake 57 rotates forward to hold the brake disc 54, so that the brake disc 54 stops rotating, the flange 55 stops rotating, the hub 24 stops rotating, and the rear wheel 21 stops braking the wheelchair;

When steering is required, the user can pull the handle operating rod 42 on one side, and the handle operating rod 42 on one side drives the handle sliding member 43 to move forward, and the two brake lines drive the brake 57 to rotate forward, and the brake 57 rotates forward to hold the brake disc 54, so that the brake disc 54 stops rotating, the flange 55 stops rotating, and the hub 24 stops rotating, and the rear wheel 21 on one side stops rotating, which is convenient for steering of the wheelchair;

When the wheel assembly 2 needs to be removed, the cover 26 is pressed, the telescopic rod moves inward, the two limit beads 27 are pushed back into the quick-release spindle 25, the quick-release spindle 25 is removed from the quick-release sleeve 511, and the rear wheel 21 is removed;

When the wheel assembly 2 needs to be installed, the cover 26 is pressed, the telescopic rod moves inward, the two limiting beads 27 are pushed back into the quick-release spindle 25, and the quick-release spindle 25 is installed in the quick-release bushing 511, so that the flange 55 and the boss on the hub 24 are aligned, the cover 26 is released, the telescopic rod moves outward, and the two limiting beads 27 are pushed up to the outside of the telescopic rod moving inward, thereby fixing the positions of the quick-release spindle 25 and the quick-release bushing 511.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A wheelchair with a disc brake device capable of quickly detaching rear wheels, characterized in that it comprises a driven assembly (3), two support assemblies (1), two wheel assemblies (2), two front pushing assemblies (4) and two rear disc brake assemblies (5), wherein the driven assembly (3) is detachably connected to the lower ends of the two support assemblies (1), and the two rear disc brake assemblies (5) are detachably connected to the two support assemblies (1) respectively; The two wheel assemblies (2) are respectively detachably connected to the outer sides of the two rear disc brake assemblies (5); the two front pushing assemblies (4) are respectively detachably connected to the two support assemblies (1); the two front pushing assemblies (4) are both located at the front ends of the two rear disc brake assemblies (5); the two support assemblies (1) are connected via a fixed crossbeam (41); and the two rear disc brake assemblies (5) are connected via a rear axle crossbeam (51); The support assembly (1) comprises a backrest vertical tube (17), a support bridge tube (16), a handle (18), a support connecting piece (19), a first connecting rod (110) and a second connecting rod (111); the backrest vertical tube (17) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the support bridge tube (16) through a connecting piece; the backrest vertical tube (17) and the support bridge tube (16) are perpendicular to each other; the handle (18) is detachably connected to the upper end of the backrest vertical tube (17); the support connecting piece (19) and the first connecting rod (110) are both connected to the inner side of the upper end of the connecting piece through an axis; The two ends of the first connecting rod (110) are detachably connected to the inner side of the supporting connecting member (19), one end of the supporting connecting member (19) is detachably connected to the connecting member via a rotating shaft, the middle position of the second connecting rod (111) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the second connecting rod (111) is located in a groove provided on the supporting connecting member (19); The front pushing assembly (4) comprises a handle operating rod (42), a handle sliding member (43), an adjustment scale rod (44) and a handle fixing member (45), wherein the two adjustment scale rods (44) are detachably connected to the two ends of the fixed cross beam (41), the handle fixing member (45) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjustment scale rod (44), the handle sliding member (43) is slidably connected to the handle fixing member (45), one end of the handle operating rod (42) is located between the handle sliding member (43) and the handle fixing member (45), the handle operating rod (42) is slidably connected to the handle sliding member (43), and the handle operating rod (42) is rotatably connected to the handle fixing member (45). 2. A wheelchair with a disc brake device that can quickly detach the rear wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: a guard plate plug (112) is provided on each of the supporting bridge tubes (16), a backrest base plate (11) is provided between the two backrest vertical tubes (17), a side guard plate (12) is provided on the inner side of each of the guard plate plugs (112), a seat cushion (13) is provided between the two supporting bridge tubes (16), and a leg rest belt (14) is provided at the lower end between the two supporting bridge tubes (16). 3. A wheelchair with a disc brake device that can quickly detach the rear wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that two brake lines are fixedly provided at the rear end of each handle sliding member (43), and each two brake lines are located in the holes opened on the corresponding handle fixing member (45). 4. A wheelchair with a disc brake device capable of quickly detaching rear wheels according to claim 3, characterized in that: the rear disc brake assembly (5) comprises a bridge tube column (52), a side tube clamp (53), a brake disc (54), a column clamp (59), a flange (55) and a brake (57), each of the bridge tube columns (52) is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting bridge tube (16), the side tube clamp (53) and the column clamp (59) are both sleeved on the lower end of the bridge tube column (52), the side tube clamp (53) is located above the column clamp (59), and a support frame (56) is rotatably provided on the column clamp (59); A bridge tube clamp (510) is rotatably arranged on the support frame (56), and the bridge tube clamp (510) is fixedly connected to the brake (57). A groove matching the brake disc (54) is provided on the brake (57). A quick-release bushing (511) is respectively arranged inside the two ends of the rear axle cross beam (51), and the brake disc (54) and the flange (55) are both sleeved on the quick-release bushing (511). The quick-release bushing (511) is located in the hole opened by the bridge tube clamp (510), and the brake disc (54) is located on the inner side of the flange (55). 5. A wheelchair with a disc brake device that can quickly detach rear wheels according to claim 4, characterized in that the other end of each of the brake cables is fixedly connected to the brake (57), the rear axle crossbeam (51) is located between the two side pipe clamps (53), and the flange (55) is connected to the quick-release bushing (511) through a bearing (58). 6. A wheelchair with a disc brake device with a quick-detachable rear wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that: the wheel assembly (2) includes a hub (24), a quick-release spindle (25) and a press cover (26), a telescopic rod is slidably arranged inside the quick-release spindle (25), one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the press cover (26), the quick-release spindle (25) is slidably connected to the center position of the hub (24), the press cover (26) is located on the outside of the hub (24), two limiting beads (27) are arranged on one end of the telescopic rod away from the press cover (26), and two holes matching the limiting beads (27) are opened on the quick-release spindle (25). 7. A wheelchair with a disc brake device that can quickly detach the rear wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that: a plurality of spokes (22) are fixedly arranged on the hub (24), a rear wheel (21) is fixedly arranged on the other end of the plurality of spokes (22), and a hand push ring (23) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rear wheel (21). 8. A wheelchair with a disc brake device that can quickly detach the rear wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driven component (3) includes a pedal (37), a bottom tube (34), two forearms (31) and two front wheels (36), the bottom tube (34) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the two supporting bridge tubes (16), the pedal (37) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom tube (34), the two forearms (31) are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two supporting bridge tubes (16), a front fork (35) is fixedly arranged below each forearm (31) through a steering shaft (33), an angle adjuster (32) is arranged on each forearm (31), and each front wheel (36) is rotatably connected to the corresponding front fork (35). 9. A wheelchair with a disc brake device that can quickly detach rear wheels according to claim 6, characterized in that: the flange (55) and the hub (24) are connected, and the contact surfaces of the flange (55) and the hub (24) are provided with mutually matching bosses, and the quick-release spindle (25) is located inside the quick-release sleeve (511). 10. A wheelchair with a disc brake device capable of quickly detaching rear wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the two second connecting rods (111) are connected via a backrest pull rod (113), and the two backrest vertical tubes (17) are connected via a backrest bent tube (15).