CN114906183B - Welded frame bogie and rail train - Google Patents
Welded frame bogie and rail train Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114906183B CN114906183B CN202110180796.3A CN202110180796A CN114906183B CN 114906183 B CN114906183 B CN 114906183B CN 202110180796 A CN202110180796 A CN 202110180796A CN 114906183 B CN114906183 B CN 114906183B
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- bearing
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- bogie
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- web
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
- B61F5/52—Bogie frames
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a welding framework type bogie and a rail train, which comprise two groups of wheel pairs arranged in parallel at intervals, two side beams arranged in parallel at intervals and a cross beam positioned between the side beams, wherein two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the middle of the two side beams, two ends of each wheel pair are respectively and rotatably positioned on the bottom surfaces of the two side beams, the cross beam is positioned between the two groups of wheel pairs, the side beams are of a single-web box-shaped structure, each side beam comprises a first cover plate and a first bottom plate which are arranged at intervals, and a first web plate positioned between the first cover plate and the first bottom plate, and the first web plate is connected with the middle of the first cover plate and the first bottom plate. The side beam is formed by welding the first cover plate, the first bottom plate and the first web plate, and has the advantages of reliable structure, simple process, lighter overall weight of the side beam and lower welding difficulty, thereby reducing the manufacturing and maintenance cost. Therefore, the welding frame type bogie provided by the invention solves the technical problems of high manufacturing and maintaining cost caused by complex side beam structure and high quality.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of rail trains, in particular to a welding frame type bogie and a rail train.
Background
The bogie is one of the very important parts in the structure of a rail train, and refers to a running gear capable of rotating relative to the train body. The device can increase the load of the vehicle, improve the speed, ensure the safety, reduce the vibration, promote the braking and play an important role in the running of the rail train. The main structural forms of the railway train bogie comprise a three-piece bogie and a welding frame type bogie, and compared with the three-piece bogie, the welding frame type bogie has the characteristics of simple structure, single weight, convenience in maintenance and the like, so that more and more railway trains such as subway construction and maintenance engineering vehicles adopt the welding frame type bogie.
Currently, welded frame bogies comprise a frame, which is the frame of the bogie, formed by cross beams and side beams, for connecting the bogie components and transmitting forces in all directions and for maintaining the position of the axles within the bogie.
However, side members tend to be complex in structure and of relatively high mass, resulting in relatively high manufacturing and maintenance costs.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a welding frame type bogie and a rail train, which are used for solving the technical problems of complex structure and large mass of side beams, and high manufacturing and maintenance cost of the side beams.
The embodiment of the invention provides a welding framework type bogie, which comprises two groups of wheel pairs arranged in parallel at intervals, two side beams arranged in parallel at intervals and a cross beam positioned between the side beams, wherein two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the middle of the two side beams;
Two ends of the wheel pair are respectively rotatably positioned on the bottom surfaces of the two side beams, and the cross beam is positioned between the two groups of wheel pairs;
the side beam is of a single-web box structure, the side beam comprises a first cover plate and a first bottom plate which are arranged at intervals, and a first web plate positioned between the first cover plate and the first bottom plate, and the first web plate is connected with the middle of the first cover plate and the first bottom plate.
By the arrangement, the side beam structure is relatively simple due to the fact that only one web plate is arranged, the overall weight of the side beam is reduced, welding difficulty is reduced, and accordingly manufacturing and maintaining costs of the side beam are reduced.
In some embodiments, which may include the above embodiments, the wheel set includes an axle, two bearings, and two wheels, each of the two bearings and the two wheels being located at both ends of the axle, and the bearings being located outside the wheels, the bearings being disposed opposite to bottom surfaces of both ends of the side members.
In some embodiments, which may include the above embodiments, a suspension system is further included, the suspension system is located between the side beam and the bearing, and a sleeve is disposed between two ends of the side beam, and the sleeve is sleeved outside the suspension system.
In some embodiments, which may include the above embodiments, the primary suspension device further includes a steel spring and a rubber stack spring that is threaded into the steel spring.
In some embodiments, which may include the above embodiments, the rubber stack spring includes a base and a tapered column, the base has a channel penetrating through a bottom surface from a top surface, a portion of the tapered column penetrates through the portion of the channel from a top end of the base, an area enclosed by an inner wall of the channel gradually increases in a direction away from the bearing, an area enclosed by an outer wall of the tapered column gradually increases in a direction away from the bearing, and the base and the tapered column are connected together through rubber vulcanization.
In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the bearing saddle further includes a bearing saddle, the bearing saddle is located between the suspension device and the bearing, a surface of the bearing saddle away from the bearing has a platform, a surface of the platform away from the bearing has a protrusion, the protrusion extends into a bottom end of the channel, and a bottom surface of the base abuts against a top surface of the platform.
In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the device further includes an upper cover, the upper cover is located at a top end of the sleeve, a first bump is disposed on a surface of the upper cover facing the bearing, a second bump is disposed on a surface of the first bump facing the bearing, the first bump stretches into the steel spring, and the second bump stretches into the groove at a top end of the conical column.
In some embodiments, which may include the embodiments described above, the rubber on both lateral and bottom sides of the tapered column has holes.
In some embodiments, which may include the above embodiments, a lower core plate is further included, the lower core plate is configured to be rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the lower core plate is a planar core plate or a spherical core plate.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a rail train which at least comprises a braking device and the welding frame type bogie in the embodiment.
The welded framework type bogie and the rail train provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise two groups of wheel pairs which are arranged in parallel at intervals, two side beams which are arranged in parallel at intervals and a cross beam which is positioned between the side beams, wherein two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the middle of the two side beams, and the two side beams and the cross beam are integrally welded into an H-shaped framework for connecting (installing) each component part of the bogie and transmitting force in each direction and for keeping the positions of other components in the bogie. The two ends of the wheel pair are respectively and rotatably positioned on the bottom surfaces of the two side beams, the cross beam is positioned between the two groups of wheel pairs, and the wheel pairs rotate relative to the track through the traction device so as to enable the bogie to move along with the traction device. The side beam is of a single-web box structure, the side beam comprises a first cover plate and a first bottom plate which are arranged at intervals, and a first web plate positioned between the first cover plate and the first bottom plate, and the first web plate is connected with the middle of the first cover plate and the first bottom plate. The side beam is formed by welding the first cover plate, the first bottom plate and the first web plate, and has the advantages of reliable structure, simple process, lighter overall weight of the side beam and lower welding difficulty, thereby reducing the manufacturing and maintenance cost. Therefore, the welding frame type bogie provided by the embodiment solves the technical problems of complex side beam structure and higher quality, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the welding frame type bogie are higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another top view of a welded-frame bogie provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a welded frame truck center sill as a planar sill provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a welded frame truck center sill as a spherical heart plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is another side view of a welded-frame bogie provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a frame in a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of a side sill in a welded frame truck provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of a portion of a side sill of a welded frame truck provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of a portion of a side sill of a welded frame truck provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of a portion of a cross beam of a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a top view of a portion of a cross beam of a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a primary suspension in a welded frame truck provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a top view of a rubber stack spring in a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a rubber stack spring in a welded frame truck provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10, wheel pairs;
20, side beams;
30, a cross beam;
40, a primary suspension device;
50, a bearing saddle;
60, an upper cover;
101, an axle;
102, a bearing;
103, wheels;
201, a first cover plate;
202, a first bottom plate;
203 a first web;
204, a sleeve;
205, reinforcing ring;
206, a first reinforcing rib plate;
207, a second reinforcing rib plate;
208, a guide frame;
209, sliding grooves;
301 a second cover plate;
302 a second base plate;
303 a second web;
304, a third reinforcing rib plate;
305, opening holes;
306, lower side bearing;
307 a separator;
401 steel spring;
402, a base;
403, conical column;
404, a channel;
405, rubber;
406, grooves;
407, a through hole;
408 holes;
501, a platform;
502, bulges;
701, a lower heart plate;
A center pin 702;
703 a limiting ring;
704, wearing plate;
705, a stop ring;
801 a first brake beam;
802, a second brake beam;
803, a swimming lever;
804, middle pull rod;
805 brake shoe;
901, bottom limit;
902 side bounding.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The bogie is positioned between the vehicle body and the track. For the engineering vehicle for maintenance of the subway line, the bogie has simple structure, convenient maintenance and reliability and durability, and is an ideal configuration of the subway engineering vehicle. Compared with the traditional three-large-piece bogie, the welding frame type bogie has the characteristics of simple structure, light weight, convenience in maintenance and the like, so that more and more subway construction and maintenance engineering vehicles adopt the welding frame type bogie.
In the related art, a welded frame type bogie includes a frame, which is a frame of the bogie, formed of cross members and side members, for connecting each component of the bogie and transmitting forces in each direction, and for maintaining the position of an axle in the bogie.
However, the side beam generally adopts a double-web box structure, and the double-web box structure has two webs, so that the side beam structure is complex, has larger mass, increases the welding difficulty, and has higher manufacturing and maintenance cost.
The embodiment provides a welding framework type bogie, which changes a side beam of a double-web box structure into a side beam of a single-web box structure, and because only one web is arranged, the side beam structure is relatively simple, the whole weight of the side beam is reduced, the welding difficulty is reduced, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a welded frame type bogie comprising two side beams 20 arranged in parallel at a spacing and a cross beam 30 located between the side beams 20, both ends of the cross beam 30 being connected to the middle of the two side beams 20, respectively. The two side members 20 are integrally welded to the cross member 30 to form an H-shaped frame for connecting (mounting) the various components of the truck and transmitting forces in various directions and for maintaining the position of the other components within the truck.
In this embodiment, two sets of wheel sets 10 are disposed in parallel at intervals, wherein two ends of each set of wheel sets 10 are rotatably disposed on bottom surfaces of the two side beams 20, and the cross beam 30 is disposed between the two sets of wheel sets 10. The wheel set 10 is the part of the bogie in contact with the track, the traction device of the track train generates traction force on the bogie, and the wheel set 10 of the bogie rotates relative to the track so that the bogie moves along with the direction of the traction force.
In this embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 6, the side member 20 is of a single-web box structure, and the side member 20 includes a first cover plate 201 and a first bottom plate 202 disposed at intervals, and a first web 203 located between the first cover plate 201 and the first bottom plate 202, the first web 203 being connected with the middle of the first cover plate 201 and the first bottom plate 202. The side beam 20 is formed by welding a first cover plate 201, a first bottom plate 202 and a first web 203, and has reliable structure and simple process. Compared with the side beam 20 with the part adopting the double-web box structure, the side beam 20 with the single-web box structure has only one web, so that the side beam 20 has a relatively simple structure, the whole weight of the side beam 20 is lighter, the welding difficulty can be reduced, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost of the side beam 20 is reduced.
The welded frame type bogie provided by the embodiment comprises two groups of wheel pairs 10 arranged in parallel at intervals, two side beams 20 arranged in parallel at intervals and a cross beam 30 positioned between the side beams 20, wherein two ends of the cross beam 30 are respectively connected with the middle of the two side beams 20, the two side beams 20 and the cross beam 30 are integrally welded into an H-shaped frame for connecting (installing) each component part of the bogie and transmitting force in each direction, and the welded frame type bogie is used for keeping the positions of other components in the bogie. The two ends of the wheel set 10 are respectively rotatably positioned on the bottom surfaces of the two side beams 20, the cross beam 30 is positioned between the two groups of wheel sets 10, and the wheel sets 10 rotate relative to the track through the traction device so as to enable the bogie to move along with the traction device. The side member 20 is of a single-web box structure, and the side member 20 includes a first cover plate 201 and a first bottom plate 202 arranged at intervals, and a first web 203 located between the first cover plate 201 and the first bottom plate 202, the first web 203 being connected with the middle of the first cover plate 201 and the first bottom plate 202. The side beam 20 is formed by welding the first cover plate 201, the first bottom plate 202 and the first web 203, and has the advantages of reliable structure, simple process, lighter overall weight of the side beam 20 and lower welding difficulty, thereby reducing the manufacturing and maintenance cost. Therefore, the welding frame type bogie provided by the embodiment solves the technical problems of complex structure and larger mass of the side beam 20, and high manufacturing and maintenance cost of the side beam.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 7-11, the first cover plate 201 and the first base plate 202 are disposed in parallel spaced apart relation and the intermediate portions of the first cover plate 201 and the first base plate 202 are parallel to the horizontal plane. Compared to the arrangement of the side member 20 in a U-shaped structure, i.e. with the intermediate portions of the first cover plate 201 and the first bottom plate 202 protruding in the direction of the track, the protruding portions make the distance between the bottom of the side member 20 and the bottom boundary 901 of the track smaller, reducing the adaptability of the bogie to different bottom boundaries 901. And when the middle parts of the first cover plate 201 and the first bottom plate 202 are arranged in parallel with the horizontal plane, the distance between the bottom of the side beam 20 and the bottom limit 901 of the track is larger, so that the adaptability of the bogie to different bottom limits 901 is improved.
In this embodiment, a plurality of first reinforcing rib plates 206 are disposed between the first cover plate 201 and the first base plate 202, the first reinforcing rib plates 206 are respectively located at two sides of the first web 203, and the first reinforcing rib plates 206 are connected with the first cover plate 201, the first base plate 202 and the first web 203 by welding. The first reinforcing rib 206 ensures the bending resistance of the side member 20 to improve the structural strength of the side member 20.
In this embodiment, two reinforcing rings 205 are disposed in the middle of the first web 203 at intervals, and the reinforcing rings 205 are all disposed in the first web 203 in a penetrating manner, wherein second reinforcing rib plates 207 are respectively disposed between the reinforcing rings 205 and the first cover plate 201 and between the reinforcing rings 207 and the first base plate 202, and the second reinforcing rib plates 207 are connected with the reinforcing rings 205, the first web 203 and the first base plate 202 or the first cover plate 201 through welding. That is, the second reinforcing rib 207 at the bottom end of the reinforcing ring 205 is connected to the reinforcing ring 205, the first web 203 and the first bottom plate 202, and the second reinforcing rib 207 at the top end of the reinforcing ring 205 is connected to the reinforcing ring 205, the first web 203 and the first cover plate 201. Further, the bending resistance of the side member 20 is ensured to improve the structural strength of the side member 20.
In this embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 12 and 13, the beam 30 is a double-web box structure, and includes a second cover plate 301 and a second bottom plate 302 that are disposed at intervals, and two second webs 303 that are disposed between the second cover plate 301 and the second bottom plate 302 at intervals, where the second webs 303 are connected between the second cover plate 301 and the second bottom plate 302. The second cover plate 301, the second bottom plate 302 and the second web 303 can be connected together through welding, so that the structure is reliable, and the process is simple.
In this embodiment, the two ends of the beam 30 are both provided with third reinforcing rib plates 304 parallel to the second web 303, the third reinforcing rib plates 304 are located between the second cover plate 301 and the second bottom plate 302, and the third reinforcing rib plates 304 are connected between the second cover plate 301 and the second bottom plate 302. The third reinforcing rib plate 304 ensures the bending resistance of the cross beam 30 to improve the structural strength of the cross beam 30.
Further, the end face of the third reinforcing rib plate 304 near the side member 20 and the end face of the cross member 30 near the side member 20 are both connected with the middle of the first web 203 of the side member 20 by welding. That is, the second cover plate 301, the second bottom plate 302, and the two second webs 303 are connected at both axial end surfaces thereof with the middle of the first web 203, and furthermore, the third reinforcing rib plate 304 is also connected at one end surface thereof near the side member 20 with the middle of the first web 203. The third reinforcing rib plate 304 increases the connection area of the cross beam 30 and the side beam 20, and enhances the overall strength of the frame.
Further, the second bottom plate 302 has notches at both ends, and the first bottom plate 202 protrudes in the direction of the notch of the second bottom plate 302, so that the end face of the portion of the first bottom plate 202 protruding and facing the notch abuts against the end face of the notch of the second bottom plate 302 facing the first bottom plate 202. At this time, the bottom surface of the second web 303 corresponding to the notch and the top surface of the protruding portion of the first bottom plate 202 may be connected together by welding, which increases the connection area between the second web 303 and the first bottom plate 202, and enhances the overall strength of the framework.
Further, the two sides of the protruding portion of the first bottom plate 202 have arc-shaped transition structures, and the arc-shaped transition structures increase the connection area between the first bottom plate 202 and the protruding portion, so that the overall strength of the framework is enhanced. The arc-shaped transition structure may be connected to the first bottom plate 202 by welding, or the arc-shaped transition structure may be integrally formed with the first bottom plate 202.
In this embodiment, a plurality of partitions 307 may be further disposed in the middle of the inner wall of the beam 30, where the partitions 307 are perpendicular to the second web 303, and the partitions 307 are connected to the second cover 301, the second bottom 302, and the two second webs 303. The spacer 307 ensures the bending resistance of the cross beam 30 to improve the structural strength of the cross beam 30.
Further, an opening is provided in the middle of the partition 307, and the opening can reduce the weight of the partition 307, thereby having the effect of reducing the weight.
In this embodiment, each wheel set 10 includes an axle 101, two bearings 102 and two wheels 103, the two bearings 102 and the two wheels 103 are respectively located at two ends of the axle 101, the bearings 102 are located at outer sides of the wheels 103, and the bearings 102 are disposed opposite to bottom surfaces of two ends of the side beams 20. The bearing 102 enables the wheel set 10 to be rotatably positioned on the bottom surface of the side beam 20, the axle 101 and the inner ring of the bearing 102 rotate in the same direction, and the axle 101 does not wear parts contacted with the outer ring of the bearing 102.
For example, wheel set 10 may be a truck RD2 type wheel set having wheels 103 with an inboard distance 1353+ -2 mm and a wheel base 1700mm. The bearing 102 may be a double-row tapered roller bearing, and the bearing 102 can bear radial force and larger axial force. The wheel set 10 can adopt standard components, has high fitting interchangeability, and can reduce manufacturing cost and later maintenance cost.
In this embodiment, in order to mitigate rail impact and vibration to the rail train, improving component operational reliability and crew comfort, a shock absorbing system, i.e., a primary suspension 40, is provided between the frame and the bearings 102. The load above the frame is evenly distributed to the wheel set 10 by the primary suspension 40, and the axle weights are made uniform. Wherein the primary suspension 40 is located between the side members 20 and the bearings 102, and the load above the frame is sequentially passed through the side members 20, the primary suspension 40, and the bearings 102, and finally evenly distributed to the wheel set 10.
In this embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 14-16, a sleeve 204 is disposed between the two ends of the side beam 20, the sleeve 204 is sleeved on the outer side of the primary suspension device 40, and the sleeve 204 can stably fix the primary suspension device 40 between the side beam 20 and the bearing 102, so as to prevent the primary suspension device 40 from moving horizontally. At the same time, it is possible to avoid the center of gravity of the bogie being lowered due to the increased distance between the side sill 20 and the bearing 102 resulting from the addition of the primary suspension 40.
Compared with the arrangement of the axle boxes on the outer wall of the bearing 102 to accommodate the primary suspension device 40, the axle boxes have large volume, the axle boxes occupy large volumes at the bottom and two sides of the bogie, the axle boxes are closer to the bottom limit 901 and the side limit 902, and the adaptability of the bogie to different bottom limits 901 and side limits 902 is reduced. The sleeve 204 is positioned in the middle of the side beam 20, the volume of the sleeve 204 is smaller and the sleeve 204 is positioned on the bearing 102, and the distance between the sleeve 204 and the bottom limit 901 and the side limit 902 is longer, so that the bogie can meet the different limit requirements for urban rail transit, and is suitable for national railway limit and most of subway limit.
In this embodiment, the primary suspension device 40 further includes a steel spring 401 and a rubber stack spring, where the rubber stack spring is inserted into the steel spring 401, and the steel spring 401 and the rubber stack spring play a role in buffering at the same time. When the vehicle body is positioned on the bogie, the weight of the vehicle body is transferred to the steel springs 401 and the rubber stack springs through the side beams 20, and the steel springs 401 and the rubber stack springs deform to play a role of shock absorption and buffering.
Wherein, when the steel spring 401 is pressed downwards by the framework, the steel spring 401 deforms in the vertical direction, and the buffer in the vertical direction is provided. The rubber stack spring can generate deformation in the horizontal direction in addition to deformation in the vertical direction, so that the rubber stack spring can provide buffering in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
In this embodiment, the rubber pile spring comprises a base 402 and a tapered column 403, the base 402 has a channel 404 penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface, and a part of the tapered column 403 penetrates from the top end of the base 402 into a part of the channel 404. Specifically, the bottom surface of the tapered column 403 has a certain distance from the horizontal plane where the bottom surface of the base 402 is located, and the top surface of the tapered column 403 is higher than the top surface of the base 402, so that the tapered column 403 is higher than the base 402. The area enclosed by the inner wall of the channel 404 gradually increases towards the direction away from the bearing 102, and the area enclosed by the outer wall of the tapered column 403 gradually increases towards the direction away from the bearing 102, and the base 402 and the tapered column 403 are connected together by rubber 405. At this time, the rubber stack spring is pressed by the frame and sequentially passes through the tapered column 403 and the rubber 405 to be transferred to the base 402. Because the outer wall of the tapered column 403 and the inner wall of the base 402 are beveled, the vertical pressure can be shared in the horizontal direction, reducing the vertical pressure.
The space is formed between the bottom surface of the tapered column 403 and the horizontal plane where the bottom surface of the base 402 is located, so that a buffer space is formed between the tapered column 403 and the base 402, and abrasion caused by contact between the tapered column 403 and the base in vertical deformation of the rubber 405 is avoided.
Further, the cross section of the tapered column 403 in the vertical direction may be triangular, trapezoidal, or the like, as long as the area enclosed by the outer wall of the tapered column 403 gradually increases in the direction away from the bearing 102.
In this embodiment, the bearing adapter 50 is further included, where the bearing adapter 50 is located between the suspension 40 and the bearing 102, and the bearing adapter 50 is used to fix the suspension 40 between the bearing 102 and the sleeve 204. For example, a narrow bearing saddle may be selected, which has a simple structure, a small lateral area of the portion contacting the bearing 102, a small overall volume, and simple installation, and does not occupy additional space basically, thereby being beneficial to reducing the volume of the bogie and widening the adaptability of the bogie to different side boundaries 902.
In this embodiment, a guide frame 208 is disposed at the bottom end of the sleeve 204, and the guide frame 208 is in communication with the sleeve 204. The pedestal 208 may secure the bearing adapter 50 between the bearing 102 and the primary suspension 40. Wherein, guide blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the guide frame 208, the guide blocks extend into two sides of the bearing saddle 50 facing the guide frame 208, and gaps are formed on two sides of the bearing saddle 50, so that the guide blocks are matched with the bearing saddle 50, and the bearing saddle 50 is positioned so that the bearing saddle 50 can slide along the guide blocks and move only in the vertical direction.
In this embodiment, the surface of the bearing saddle 50 away from the bearing 102 has a platform 501, the surface of the platform 501 away from the bearing 102 has a protrusion 502, the protrusion 502 extends into the bottom end of the channel 404, and the bottom surface of the base 402 abuts against the top surface of the platform 501. The pressure that rubber heap spring received can pass through base 402 and transmit to platform 501, and the area of platform 501 is great, and pressure evenly distributed is on the platform 501, reduces its compressive strength who receives.
Wherein the protrusion 502 may prevent the base 402 from moving in a horizontal direction, i.e., the protrusion 502 may limit the horizontal displacement of the rubber stack spring.
In this embodiment, the upper cover 60 is further included, and the upper cover 60 is located at the top end of the sleeve 204, so that the installation of the primary suspension device 40 is facilitated, and the upper cover 60 is fixed on the top end surface or the top inner wall of the sleeve 204 by welding.
Wherein, a first bump is disposed on a surface of the upper cover 60 facing the bearing 102, a second bump is disposed on a surface of the first bump facing the bearing 102, the first bump stretches into the steel spring 401, and the second bump stretches into the groove 406 at the top end of the tapered column 403. The first bump may prevent the steel spring 401 from being displaced horizontally within the sleeve 204 and the second bump may prevent the rubber stack spring from being displaced horizontally.
In this embodiment, the rubber 405 on both lateral sides and bottom side of the tapered column 403 has a hole 408, the hole 408 includes a first hole and a second hole, wherein the rubber 405 on both lateral sides of the tapered column 403 has a first hole, and the rubber 405 on one side of the bottom surface of the tapered column 403 has a second hole.
When the rubber pile spring is stressed to generate vertical deformation, the rubber 405 has a buffering effect on the vertical direction, and as the rubber 405 is provided with a second hole, namely the rubber pile spring is provided with a second hole in the vertical direction, the rigidity of the rubber 405 in the vertical direction is reduced, the deformation generated by the rubber 405 can be larger, the buffering stroke is increased, and the vertical buffering effect is stronger. Further, the bottom surface of the second hole may be open, that is, the end of the second hole facing the protrusion 502 is open.
The second hole is provided with air, so that the air in the second hole can be compressed when the rubber pile spring is stressed to generate vertical deformation, and if the second hole is in a closed environment, the compressed air can generate larger pressure, so that the rubber pile spring can be possibly invalid. Thus, the taper 403 may be provided with a through hole 407 penetrating the bottom surface from the top surface, and the through hole 407 communicates with the second hole and the recess 406. The through hole 407 can enable air in the second hole to be transmitted to the external environment through the groove 406, so as to avoid damage to the rubber stack spring caused by excessive air pressure.
When the rubber pile spring is stressed to generate transverse deformation, the rubber 405 transversely has a buffering effect, and as the rubber 405 is provided with a first hole, namely the rubber pile spring is provided with a first hole in the transverse direction, the rigidity of the rubber 405 in the transverse direction is reduced, the deformation generated by the rubber 405 can be larger, the buffering stroke is increased, and the transverse buffering effect is stronger.
Wherein the first hole may extend through the bottom surface of the rubber 405 from the top surface of the rubber 405. At this time, the first hole may be communicated with the second hole, and the air in the second hole may be transferred to the external environment through the first hole without providing the through hole 407.
Wherein different sizes and different shapes, different numbers of holes 408 may be provided in the vertical, lateral or longitudinal direction of the rubber 405 as desired. The hole 408 may be internal to the rubber 405, and the hole 408 may also be in communication with the environment external to the rubber 405. Such as holes 408 provided through the top and bottom surfaces of rubber 405. That is, the space between the cone column 403 and the base 402 may be filled with the rubber 405, or one or more holes 408 may be provided at any position of the rubber 405, so that the rigidity of the rubber 405 in the direction with the holes 408 is reduced, and the buffer stroke is increased, so that the three-way rigidity of the rubber pile spring is reasonably matched, the diamond resistance rigidity of the bogie can be improved, the vertical, lateral and longitudinal running stability of the vehicle can be improved, and the critical speed of the bogie in a snaking motion can be improved.
Further, the rubber 405 may be secured to the tapered post 403 and the base 402 by vulcanization.
Alternatively, the sides of the tapered post 403 may be angled, i.e., the sides of the vertical cross section of the tapered post 403 are not straight, but have inflection points at portions of the sides near the bottom end. That is, the lateral cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the bottom end portion of the tapered post 403 is constant or gradually increases toward the bearing 102. By this arrangement, the vulcanization process is facilitated, and the vertical shearing force of the rubber 405 at the inflection point can be reduced.
The steel spring 401 can provide larger empty deflection, the rubber pile spring provides larger buffer stroke, and reasonable matching of the three-way rigidity of the primary suspension device 40 of the bogie is realized by designing different holes 408, so that the steering bogie has good running quality in empty and heavy states.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the vehicle further includes a lower core plate 701, where the lower core plate 701 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the lower core plate 701 may be a planar core plate or a spherical core plate. The vehicle body is provided with an upper center plate at a position corresponding to the lower center plate 701, and the weight of the vehicle body is transferred to the lower center plate 701 through the upper center plate.
Illustratively, lower core plate 701 may be a planar core plate. That is, the upper and lower heart plates 701 are planar at their contact surfaces, vertical loads are transferred from the heart plate planar surfaces to the next stage member, and lateral and longitudinal loads are carried by the flanges at the periphery of the lower heart plate 701. The lower center plate 701 is arranged on the outer top surface of the cross beam 30 in a bolt connection or/and welding mode, a through center hole is formed in the middle of the lower center plate 701, the center pin 702 is arranged in the center hole in a penetrating mode, and the center pin 702 is used for avoiding the phenomenon of center plate slipping in the running process of a vehicle. The device has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient overhaul, maintenance and replacement. The outer wall of the center pin 702 is provided with a limiting ring 703, and the limiting ring 703 is positioned at the top end of the center hole, so that the center pin 702 can be prevented from continuously moving downwards. Compared with the structure that a supporting seat is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the cross beam 30 and opposite to the bottom end of the center pin 702 to prevent the center pin 702 from continuously moving downwards, the manufacturing process of the limiting ring 703 is simpler. The stop ring 703 may be integrally formed or welded to the center pin 702.
In order to prolong the service life of the center plate, reduce the overhauling and maintenance cost in the running process of the vehicle, avoid the direct contact of the upper center plate and the lower center plate 701, and increase the abrasion plate 704 between the upper center plate and the lower center plate 701. A center pin 702 is threaded through the wear plate 704 and lower core plate 701 in sequence. Wear plate 704 may be replaced after damage.
Alternatively, lower core plate 701 may be a spherical core plate. The upper center plate on the car body is a convex spherical surface, and the lower center plate 701 is a concave spherical surface. That is, the upper core plate protrudes toward the bottom surface of the cross member 30, and the lower core plate 701 also protrudes toward the bottom surface of the cross member 30. The spherical surfaces of the upper and lower heart plates 701 are fitted with each other. The vertical load, the longitudinal load and the transverse load are transmitted by the spherical surface. The partial spherical surface of the lower core plate 701 may be accommodated inside the cross beam 30 after being opened on the top surface of the cross beam 30, and the lower core plate 701 may be connected to the cross beam 30 by welding or/and bolting, etc.
In order to extend the service life of the core disc, a replaceable spherical wear disc 704 may be added between the upper core disc and the lower core disc 701. The inner wall top end of the lower core plate 701 is provided with a stop ring 705 to prevent the wear plate 704 from being offset from between the upper core plate and the lower core plate 701.
When the center plate 701 is detachably connected to the cross member 30 by bolting or the like, the center plate may be replaced with a spherical center plate as needed.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, lower side bearings 306 are disposed at both ends of the top surface of the cross beam 30, the lower side bearings 306 are disposed perpendicular to the axial direction of the cross beam 30, and are disposed in opposite directions, and upper side bearings are disposed at positions of the vehicle body opposite to the lower side bearings 306. The side bearing is additionally arranged between the vehicle body and the bogie, so that the snaking motion of the bogie can be effectively restrained, the rolling and head shaking motions of the vehicle body when the vehicle passes through a curve can be restrained, and the stability of the vehicle can be improved. By way of example, the side bearing may be a normally-contacting side bearing that imparts a nominal amount of compression to the normally-contacting side bearing when the truck is dropped onto the truck, a certain amount of pre-compression is created between the upper and lower side bearings 306, and frictional resistance is created between the contact surfaces of the upper and lower side bearings 306 when the truck and the truck are relatively revolving or are tending to relatively revolve, because the frictional resistance on the side bearings at the ends of the cross beam 30 are in opposite directions, thus creating a suitable moment of revolution resistance.
In this embodiment, in order to generate the necessary braking force to slow down or stop the vehicle at a predetermined distance, a braking device is further provided, and the braking device may employ a center-pull rod sliding groove type single-side brake shoe. The braking device functions to transfer and amplify the braking force to each shoe 805, causing the shoe 805 to compress the wheel 103 to produce a braking action. The brake device comprises at least a travelling lever 803, a middle pull rod 804, a first brake beam 801, a second brake beam 802, a roller and the like. The braking force acts on the travelling lever 803 of the braking device, the travelling lever 803 drives the first brake beam 801 connected with one end of the middle pull rod 804 to move in a direction away from the cross beam 30, the middle pull rod 804 passes through the opening 305 in the middle of the second web 303, the other end of the middle pull rod 804 is connected with the second brake beam 802, the middle pull rod 804 carries the second brake beam 802 to move in a direction away from the cross beam 30, and the rollers at both ends of the first brake beam 801 and the second brake beam 802 move along the sliding grooves 209 at the bottom ends of the side beams 20 in a direction away from the cross beam 30, that is, the brake shoes 805 respectively move towards the wheels 103 corresponding to the brake shoes, lock with the wheels 103 and prevent the wheels 103 from continuing to rotate.
In order to meet the high axle weight and high speed of a portion of the truck, various accessories such as wheel set 10, bearings 102, brake rigs, lower side bearings 306, etc., require specialized components. The bogie can be applied to engineering vehicles, and the engineering vehicles have low axle weight and speed requirements and can meet the 14t axle weight and 100km/h running speed requirements, so that standard accessories can be used, the interchangeability of the accessories is high, and the manufacturing cost and the later maintenance cost can be reduced.
The present embodiment provides a welded frame-type bogie, wherein a lower side bearing 306 and a lower core plate 701 on the bogie are connected with an upper side bearing and an upper core plate on a vehicle body, so that the weight of the vehicle body is sequentially transferred to a frame, a primary suspension device 40, a bearing saddle 50, a bearing 102, an axle 101 and wheels 103 through the lower side bearing 306 and the lower core plate 701, and finally transferred to a track through the wheels 103. The traction means of the rail train produces traction to the bogie, the wheel set 10 of which is in rotational movement relative to the rail, the bogie and the body thereon moving in the direction of the traction. During the movement of the car body, the steel springs 401 and the rubber pile springs in the primary suspension device 40 deform to play a role in shock absorption and buffering. By designing the different holes 408, a reasonable match of the three-way stiffness of the bogie primary suspension 40 is achieved, thereby providing good operational quality in empty and heavy conditions. When it is desired to slow down or stop the vehicle, the brake device will deliver and amplify the braking force to each shoe 805, causing the shoe 805 to compress the wheel 103 and lock the wheel 103, producing a braking action.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a rail train which at least comprises a braking device and the welding frame type bogie in the embodiment. The brake cylinders of the rail train generate braking forces, which are transmitted to the brake shoes 805 by the brake devices, so that the brake shoes 805 lock with the wheels 103, and the wheels 103 are prevented from continuing to rotate.
In this embodiment, the truck further comprises a truck body, wherein the truck body is connected with the truck through an upper side bearing and an upper center plate at the bottom of the truck body and a lower side bearing 306 and a lower center plate 701 at the top of the truck, and the load of the truck body is transferred to the truck.
The present embodiment provides a rail train with traction means for generating traction forces on the bogie and the car body, the wheelset 10 of the bogie being in rotational movement relative to the rail, the bogie and the car body thereon being moved in the direction of the traction forces. During the movement of the car body, the steel springs 401 and the rubber pile springs in the primary suspension device 40 deform to play a role in shock absorption and buffering. By designing the different holes 408, a reasonable match of the three-way stiffness of the bogie primary suspension 40 is achieved, thereby providing good operational quality in empty and heavy conditions. When it is desired to slow down or stop the vehicle, the brake device will deliver and amplify the braking force to each shoe 805, causing the shoe 805 to compress the wheel 103 and lock the wheel 103, producing a braking action.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
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| CN204037582U (en) * | 2013-12-07 | 2014-12-24 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Railway vehicle bogie primary journal box spring device |
| JP6339928B2 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2018-06-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Railcar bogie |
| CN205652137U (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-10-19 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | No fast line track vehicle bogie in truck bloster municipality territory |
| CN106809233B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-11-30 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Railway red ball bogie |
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| CN110949439A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 中车眉山车辆有限公司 | Railway express freight car bogie welding framework |
| CN111284519B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-02-05 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Railway vehicle bogie |
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