CN113864367A

CN113864367A - Brake caliper and automobile

Info

Publication number: CN113864367A
Application number: CN202111100938.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴楠
Original assignee: Tianjin Tianqi Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Tianqi Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-18
Filing date: 2021-09-18
Publication date: 2021-12-31

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake caliper and an automobile, belonging to the technical field of automobile braking. The brake caliper includes a caliper main body, which is a hollow shell structure; an oil cavity, which is arranged on the side of the caliper main body and communicated with the caliper main body; an oil port and an oil outlet, the oil outlet is arranged away from the main body of the caliper, and the oil inlet is arranged close to the main body of the caliper; a piston, the piston is arranged in the oil cavity and is located in the oil cavity It moves under the pressure of the internal brake fluid; the damper is a hollow structure and communicates with the oil cavity through the oil outlet; valve plate, the valve plate is arranged inside the oil cavity , and is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the valve plate is provided with an oil passage hole, and the brake fluid flows into the damper through the oil passage hole. The invention enables the brake caliper to realize the soft and hard dynamic adjustment of the braking force through the arrangement of the damper and the valve plate.

Description

Brake caliper and automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile braking, in particular to a brake caliper and an automobile.

Background

In the prior art, a disc caliper brake system of a passenger vehicle mainly generates pressure through constant brake oil to push a caliper piston, and the caliper piston pushes a friction plate to clamp a brake disc on a wheel, so that braking is realized.

In the braking process, stable braking force output is needed for non-emergency braking so as to meet the requirement of braking force comfort, and harder braking force output is needed for emergency braking so as to meet the requirements of rapid speed reduction and braking distance reduction. However, the brake calipers on the market at present cannot adjust the soft and hard states of the braking force according to whether the brake calipers are in an emergency braking state or not.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide a brake caliper and an automobile that solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a brake caliper which can realize dynamic adjustment of soft and hard states of braking force.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle that can perform both soft and hard braking functions.

In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:

a brake caliper comprising: the caliper main body is of a hollow shell structure; the oil cavity is arranged beside the caliper main body and communicated with the caliper main body; the oil cavity is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil outlet is arranged far away from the caliper main body, the oil inlet is arranged close to the caliper main body, and brake fluid enters the oil cavity from the oil inlet and flows out from the oil outlet; the piston is arranged in the oil cavity and moves under the driving of the pressure of the brake fluid in the oil cavity; the damper is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the oil cavity through an oil outlet; the valve plate is arranged in the oil cavity and is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the valve plate is provided with an oil passing hole, and brake fluid flows into the damper through the oil passing hole; the oil passing hole is configured to allow the brake fluid to pass therethrough when the flow rate is low, but restrict the brake fluid from passing therethrough when the flow rate is high. The brake caliper further comprises a friction plate, the friction plate is arranged in the caliper main body and connected with the piston, and the piston drives the friction plate to be close to or far away from the brake disc of the wheel.

Preferably, the oil chamber is provided on one side in the width direction of the caliper body, and the piston moves in the oil chamber in the width direction of the caliper body. The oil cavity is a cavity body with a cylindrical structure, the valve plate is of a circular structure, and the central axis of the valve plate is superposed with the central axis of the oil cavity. The oil cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the valve plate, the oil inlet is communicated with the first cavity, and the piston is arranged in the first cavity; the oil outlet is communicated with the second chamber. The position of the valve plate in the oil cavity is adjustable, so that the capacity of the first cavity and the second cavity is changed.

Preferably, the damper is made of an elastic material to achieve storage and release of the brake fluid by expansion and contraction. The damper is made of nylon materials. The damper is made of rubber.

An automobile comprising a wheel and a brake caliper, the brake caliper braking the wheel, the brake caliper comprising: the caliper main body is of a hollow shell structure; the oil cavity is arranged beside the caliper main body and communicated with the caliper main body; the oil cavity is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet; the brake fluid enters the oil cavity from the oil inlet and flows out from the oil outlet; the piston is arranged in the oil cavity and moves under the driving of the pressure of the brake fluid in the oil cavity; the damper is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the oil cavity through an oil outlet; the valve plate is arranged in the oil cavity and is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the valve plate is provided with an oil passing hole, and brake fluid flows into the damper through the oil passing hole; the oil passing hole is configured to allow the brake fluid to pass therethrough when the flow rate is low, but restrict the brake fluid from passing therethrough when the flow rate is high.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, through the arrangement of the damper and the valve plate, brake fluid can slowly enter the oil cavity when the brake caliper brakes normally, and is stored into the damper through the oil passing hole of the valve plate, so that the hydraulic pressure of the piston is relieved, and the brake force is stably output; during emergency braking, the brake fluid has high flow speed and cannot effectively flow into the damper through the oil passing hole, so that the pressure on the piston is quickly increased, harder braking force output is realized, and the braking distance is shortened.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a brake caliper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a brake caliper in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 2.

Reference numerals:

1-a caliper body; 2-an oil chamber; 21-a first chamber; 22-a second chamber; 3-a piston; 4-a damper; 5-valve plate; 51-oil passing holes; 6-oil inlet; 7-oil outlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The present embodiment provides a brake caliper, referring to fig. 1 to 3, specifically including: a caliper body 1 having a hollow housing structure; the oil cavity 2 is arranged beside the caliper main body 1 and communicated with the caliper main body 1; the oil cavity 2 is provided with an oil inlet 6 and an oil outlet 7, the oil outlet 7 is arranged far away from the caliper main body 1, the oil inlet 6 is arranged close to the caliper main body 1, and brake fluid enters the oil cavity 2 from the oil inlet 6 and flows out from the oil outlet 7; the piston 3 is arranged in the oil cavity 2 and moves under the driving of the pressure of the brake fluid in the oil cavity 2; the damper 4 is also of a hollow structure and is communicated with the oil cavity 2 through an oil outlet 7; and the valve plate 5 is arranged in the oil cavity 2 and between the oil inlet 6 and the oil outlet 7, the valve plate 5 is provided with an oil passing hole 51, the brake fluid flows into the damper 4 through the oil passing hole 51, and the oil passing hole 51 is configured to allow the brake fluid to pass through at a low flow speed but limit the brake fluid to pass through at a high flow speed. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the damper 4 and the valve plate 5, when the brake caliper brakes normally, brake fluid can slowly enter the oil cavity 2 and is stored into the damper 4 through the oil passing hole 51 of the valve plate 5, so that the hydraulic pressure of the piston 3 is relieved, and the braking force is stably output; during emergency braking, the brake fluid has a high flow speed and cannot effectively flow into the damper 4 through the oil through hole 51, so that the pressure on the piston 3 is rapidly increased, harder braking force is output, and the braking distance is shortened.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the oil chamber 2 is divided into a first chamber 21 and a second chamber 22 by the valve plate 5, the oil inlet 6 is communicated with the first chamber 21, and the piston 3 is disposed in the first chamber 21; the oil outlet 7 communicates with the second chamber 22, and the first chamber 21 communicates with the second chamber 22 through the oil passing holes 51. The brake fluid entering from the inlet port 6 enters the first chamber 21, and then flows into the second chamber 22 and the damper 4 through the oil passing hole 51. Under a general braking condition, brake fluid firstly enters the first chamber 21, the continuous inflow of the brake fluid causes the hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid in the first chamber 21 to increase, and the pressure is transmitted to the piston 3 for driving the piston 3 to move; since the flow rate of the brake fluid entering the oil chamber 2 is slow, the brake fluid in the first chamber 21 can slowly enter the second chamber 22 and the damper 4 through the oil passing hole 51, the damper 4 accommodates the brake fluid, and thus the hydraulic pressure in the first chamber 21 is relaxed, so that the hydraulic pressure received by the piston 3 is more smoothly established and maintained, and a smooth braking force is output. In an emergency braking working condition, brake fluid rapidly enters the first chamber 21 through the oil inlet 6, the brake fluid pressure in the first chamber 21 is rapidly increased, but because the hole diameter of the oil passing hole 51 of the valve plate 5 is limited, the brake fluid has too high flow speed, the brake fluid is limited to flow into the second chamber 22 and the damper 4, the damper 4 cannot contain the brake fluid to moderate the hydraulic pressure in the first chamber 21, the brake fluid in the first chamber 21 is increased rapidly, the hydraulic pressure on the piston 3 is rapidly established, and a hard braking force is output.

According to the braking requirements of different vehicles, the situation that the braking force is too hard during emergency braking or too soft during ordinary braking is avoided, the position of the valve plate 5 in the oil cavity 2 can be adjusted, so that the capacity of the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 can be changed, the hydraulic pressure building speed of the brake fluid in the corresponding chambers can be further changed, and the specific output magnitude of the braking force under the ordinary braking condition and the emergency braking condition can be adjusted.

Optionally, the brake caliper further comprises a friction plate, the friction plate is arranged inside the caliper main body 1 and connected with the piston 3, the piston 3 drives the friction plate to be close to or far away from a brake disc of the wheel, the pressure of brake fluid is converted into brake force to be output, and the friction plate is abutted against the brake disc to realize braking of the wheel.

Further, an oil chamber 2 is provided at one side of the caliper body 1 in the width direction, and a piston 3 moves in the oil chamber 2 in the width direction of the caliper body 1. Further optionally, the oil cavity 2 is a cylindrical cavity, the valve plate 5 is a circular structure, and a central axis of the valve plate 5 coincides with a central axis of the oil cavity 2.

In the present embodiment, the damper 4 is made of an elastic material to realize the temporary storage and release of the brake fluid by the expansion and contraction thereof, and to realize the functions of absorbing the brake fluid and spitting back the brake fluid; meanwhile, the capacity of the damper 4 made of the elastic material can be adaptively adjusted according to the oil inlet amount of brake fluid, so that the applicability of the damper 4 is improved. Alternatively, the damper 4 is made of nylon. Further alternatively, the damper 4 may be made of a rubber material. Further, in the present embodiment, the damper 4 is a hollow cylindrical structure, but the specific implementation is not limited to this structure, and this is merely an example. Furthermore, the damper 4 is in sealing connection with the oil outlet 7, so that brake fluid is prevented from leaking and the braking effect is prevented from being affected.

The embodiment also provides an automobile, which comprises wheels and the brake calipers, wherein the brake calipers are used for braking the wheels, and the automobile adopting the brake calipers can realize two braking functions of stable braking and hard braking; the brake system can ensure the comfort of the brake operation of the automobile under the general brake working condition, realize the output of softer brake force, and simultaneously meet the requirement of rapidly establishing brake hydraulic pressure during emergency braking so as to realize the output of harder brake force, reduce the brake distance, namely dynamically adjust the soft and hard states of the brake force according to whether the brake system is in the emergency state or not.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A brake caliper, comprising:

the caliper comprises a caliper main body (1), wherein the caliper main body (1) is of a hollow shell structure;

the oil cavity (2) is formed beside the caliper main body (1) and communicated with the caliper main body (1); the oil cavity (2) is provided with an oil inlet (6) and an oil outlet (7), the oil outlet (7) is arranged far away from the caliper main body (1), the oil inlet (6) is arranged close to the caliper main body (1), and brake fluid enters the oil cavity (2) from the oil inlet (6) and flows out from the oil outlet (7);

the piston (3) is arranged in the oil cavity (2) and moves under the driving of the pressure of the brake fluid in the oil cavity (2);

the damper (4) is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the oil cavity (2) through the oil outlet (7);

the valve plate (5) is arranged in the oil cavity (2) and between the oil inlet (6) and the oil outlet (7), the valve plate (5) is provided with an oil passing hole (51), and brake fluid flows into the damper (4) through the oil passing hole (51); the oil passing hole (51) is configured to allow the brake fluid to pass therethrough when the flow rate is low, but restrict the brake fluid from passing therethrough when the flow rate is high.

2. Brake calliper according to claim 1, further comprising friction pads, which are arranged inside the calliper body (1) and connected to the piston (3), the piston (3) moving the pads towards or away from the disc of the wheel.

3. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the oil chamber (2) is provided at one side of the calliper body (1) in the width direction, the piston (3) moving in the oil chamber (2) in the width direction of the calliper body (1).

4. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the oil chamber (2) is a cylindrical cavity, the valve plate (5) is of circular configuration, and the central axis of the valve plate (5) coincides with the central axis of the oil chamber (2).

5. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the valve plate (5) divides the oil chamber (2) into a first chamber (21) and a second chamber (22), the oil inlet (6) communicating with the first chamber (21), the piston (3) being arranged in the first chamber (21); the oil outlet (7) communicates with the second chamber (22).

6. Brake calliper according to claim 5, wherein the position of the valve plate (5) in the oil chamber (2) is adjustable to vary the volume size of the first and second chambers (21, 22).

7. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the damper (4) is made of an elastic material to enable the storage and release of brake fluid by expansion and contraction.

8. Brake calliper according to claim 7, wherein the damper (4) is made of a nylon material.

9. Brake calliper according to claim 7, wherein the damper (4) is made of a rubber material.

10. An automobile comprising a wheel and a brake caliper, said brake caliper braking said wheel, characterized in that said brake caliper comprises:

the valve plate (5) is arranged in the oil cavity (2) and between the oil inlet (6) and the oil outlet (7), the valve plate (5) is provided with an oil passing hole (51), and the brake fluid flows into the damper (4) through the oil passing hole (51); the oil passing hole (51) is configured to allow the brake fluid to pass therethrough when the flow rate is low, but restrict the brake fluid from passing therethrough when the flow rate is high.