CN113511345B - Two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and boarding vehicle - Google Patents
Two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and boarding vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113511345B CN113511345B CN202110634979.8A CN202110634979A CN113511345B CN 113511345 B CN113511345 B CN 113511345B CN 202110634979 A CN202110634979 A CN 202110634979A CN 113511345 B CN113511345 B CN 113511345B
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- guide rail
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
- B64F1/30—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for embarking or disembarking passengers
- B64F1/315—Mobile stairs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种两级伸缩登机梯及登机车，登机梯包括固定梯和主伸缩梯，以及位于固定梯和主伸缩梯之间的中间梯，中间梯和主伸缩梯均通过对应的导轨副结构与固定梯形成伸缩连接，且中间梯与主伸缩梯具有在主伸缩梯伸出设定距离后，拖动中间梯同步伸出的拖拽结构，中间梯位于固定梯的梯架内部，中间梯与固定梯之间的中间梯导轨副位于固定梯梯架与中间梯梯架的相向侧壁之间。登机车具有前述登机梯。本发明的有益效果是，登机梯具有更大的高度调节范围，能够适应更多的客机机型，可降低机场运营成本，且结构稳定，布局紧凑，功能可靠，使用寿命长。登机车具有登机梯相同的结构特点和优异特性。
The present invention discloses a two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and a boarding vehicle. The boarding ladder includes a fixed ladder and a main telescopic ladder, and an intermediate ladder located between the fixed ladder and the main telescopic ladder. The intermediate ladder and the main telescopic ladder are both telescopically connected with the fixed ladder through corresponding guide rail substructures, and the intermediate ladder and the main telescopic ladder have a dragging structure that drags the intermediate ladder to extend synchronously after the main telescopic ladder extends a set distance. The intermediate ladder is located inside the ladder frame of the fixed ladder, and the intermediate ladder guide sub between the intermediate ladder and the fixed ladder is located between the opposite side walls of the fixed ladder frame and the intermediate ladder frame. The boarding vehicle has the above-mentioned boarding ladder. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the boarding ladder has a larger height adjustment range, can adapt to more passenger aircraft models, can reduce airport operating costs, and has a stable structure, compact layout, reliable functions, and a long service life. The boarding vehicle has the same structural characteristics and excellent properties as the boarding ladder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a passenger boarding ladder, in particular to a two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and a boarding vehicle.
Background
The boarding elevator is mainly used as airport facilities in the situation that no boarding bridge is available, such as an airplane for executing special tasks, a special guest airplane, or the situation that the airport facilities are imperfect, the boarding bridge is not built or the boarding bridge has a small boarding position number. The existing boarding passenger ladder is of a single-stage telescopic structure and comprises a fixed ladder and an extension ladder, fixed ladder steps are arranged on the fixed ladder and the extension ladder, a boarding platform is arranged at the far end of the extension ladder, the extension ladder can form the minimum boarding height after completely falling, the extension ladder forms the maximum boarding height after completely extending, and the two boarding heights form the boarding height adjusting range of the boarding passenger ladder. Obviously, the fixed ramp length determines the minimum boarding height and the telescopic ramp length determines the maximum boarding height.
In order to ensure the safety of boarding and disembarking of aircraft passengers, the industry has definite specifications on the passing width, the guardrail height and the gradient of boarding and disembarking, the step height, the step depth, the levelness of steps and the like. In order to meet the requirements of stable structure, long service life and safety guarantee, the length of the telescopic ladder and the length of the fixed ladder can only be set in a certain proportion range, and the length of the telescopic ladder is necessarily selected according to an integer number of steps. In order to facilitate boarding stairs to move in an airport, boarding stairs are usually carried on a vehicle chassis, the whole boarding stairs are obliquely arranged at the front high and the rear low, a fixed ladder extends upwards obliquely from the tail end of the vehicle chassis, and an extension ladder is positioned below the fixed ladder and longitudinally extends along the fixed ladder. When the boarding vehicle runs in an airport, the telescopic ladder is required to be retracted and the front end of the telescopic ladder is required to be lowered so as to meet the height limiting requirement of the airport vehicle. Because after the telescopic ladder falls back in the height direction, the tail end of the telescopic ladder is positioned in an acute angle below the fixed ladder. The number of steps of the telescopic ladder is necessarily smaller than that of the fixed ladder due to the structural limitation of the steps fixed on the telescopic ladder, the restriction of factors such as the lowest boarding height and the like. The boarding height adjusting range of the existing single-stage telescopic passenger elevator is limited greatly, and the existing single-stage telescopic passenger elevator is generally only suitable for part of passenger aircraft with the existing specification.
For large airports, due to the large throughput of the airports, the variety of the airports is large, the variation range of the boarding heights is large, and more than two boarding elevators with different adjustment ranges are usually required to meet the requirement of great difference of the boarding heights, so that the operation cost of the airports is necessarily increased. Especially, when dealing with a new passenger plane with a boarding height exceeding the inherent boarding height adjustment range, only a new boarding ladder can be customized, which inevitably results in a reduction in the utilization rate of the existing boarding ladder and further aggravates the operation cost. For this reason, it is required to develop a boarding vehicle having a two-stage extension ladder.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the invention is to provide a two-stage telescopic boarding ladder which is designed to be a three-section telescopic structure by the two-stage telescopic ladder so as to increase the extension height adjusting range, expand the adaptation model, and form a telescopic connection structure with a fixed ladder by the two-stage telescopic ladder so as to ensure the stability and the use safety of the extension state. A second object of the present invention is to provide a boarding vehicle with the aforementioned two-stage telescopic boarding ladder.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The two-stage telescopic boarding ladder comprises a fixed ladder and a main telescopic ladder, wherein the front end of the fixed ladder is provided with a first hinge part, the first hinge part is hinged with a lifting machine, the rear end of the fixed ladder is provided with a second hinge part, the main telescopic ladder is connected with a main ladder driving oil cylinder, the two-stage telescopic boarding ladder further comprises an intermediate ladder arranged between the fixed ladder and the main telescopic ladder, the intermediate ladder and the main telescopic ladder are in telescopic connection with the fixed ladder through corresponding guide rail pair structures, the intermediate ladder and the main telescopic ladder are provided with a dragging structure which drags the intermediate ladder to synchronously stretch out after the main telescopic ladder stretches out by a set distance, the intermediate ladder is arranged inside a ladder frame of the fixed ladder, and an intermediate ladder guide rail pair between the intermediate ladder and the fixed ladder is arranged between opposite side walls of the fixed ladder frame and the intermediate ladder frame.
According to the invention, the main telescopic ladder and the middle ladder form the three-section telescopic structure boarding ladder of the two-pole telescopic ladder, and the main telescopic ladder is driven to stretch by the main ladder driving oil cylinder. When the hydraulic elevator is used for boarding, the hydraulic elevator is hinged to the tail end of the vehicle chassis through the second hinge part at the rear end of the fixed ladder, the lifter is supported at the front end of the fixed ladder, the pitching angle is adjusted by the lifter, and the main ladder driving oil cylinder adjusts the total length of the boarding ladder. On the premise of meeting the same retraction height, the passing performance of the aircraft in the airport is not reduced, and a wider boarding height adjusting range can be obtained, so that the aircraft is suitable for more aircraft, and the operation cost of the airport is reduced. Simultaneously, through the structure that two-stage telescopic ladder all forms telescopic connection with fixed ladder, ensure the stability and the safety in utilization of state that stretch out. The middle ladder is drawn out by the main telescopic ladder, can be only provided with a driving device for driving the main telescopic ladder to stretch out and draw back, simplifies the structure, is arranged in the ladder frame of the fixed ladder, can effectively compact the structural layout, saves the space, reduces the volume of the whole machine and provides guarantee for the trafficability in an airport.
Preferably, the front end of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder is fixedly connected with a support frame, the support frame extends from the side surface of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder to the back surface, a telescopic moving space for the main telescopic ladder is arranged between the support frame and the back surface of the fixed ladder, the fixed ladder and the middle ladder are both positioned on the front surface of the main telescopic ladder, the upper part and the lower part of the support frame are triangular, and the first hinge part is arranged through the support frame and positioned at one downward corner of the triangle. The connection relation between the lifting machine and the main telescopic ladder is formed through the support frame, the structural size of the connection part is enlarged through the support frame, connection reliability is guaranteed, the middle ladder is arranged on the front face of the main telescopic ladder, and the dragging structure is convenient to arrange in a hidden mode.
Further preferably, the guide rail pair between the fixed ladder and the main telescopic ladder is composed of two sub-guide rail pairs, wherein the two sub-guide rail pairs are respectively composed of a bearing guide rail pair and a deflection control guide rail pair, and the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt rolling guide rail structures. The two functions of the guide rail pair structure are decomposed onto the two groups of guide rail pairs, the two guide rail pairs are respectively reinforced according to related functions, the two guide rail pairs and the guide rail pair structure cooperatively play a better role, and meanwhile, the power consumption of the driving device is reduced and the service life is prolonged by utilizing the characteristic that the rolling guide rail pair is small in movement resistance and abrasion.
Still more preferably, the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt a double-roller structure. To improve stability by a double roller structure.
Still further preferably, the two main bearing rollers in the bearing guide rail pair for forming the double roller structure are matched in the grooves of the same bearing guide member, the bearing guide member is positioned at the back of the main telescopic ladder, the two main bearing rollers are longitudinally distributed on the supporting frame according to the ladder body, the two yaw control rollers in the yaw control guide rail pair for forming the double roller structure are respectively matched in the guide grooves of the two yaw control guide groove members and form two yaw control guide rail pairs, the two yaw control guide groove members are respectively positioned at the back and the side of the fixed ladder, the two yaw control guide rail pairs are mainly used for controlling pitching yaw, and the yaw control guide rail pairs positioned at the side are also used for controlling left and right yaw. The guide rail pair structure with various main functions can realize the main functions respectively, so that the bearing and deflection control reliability can be ensured, wherein the bearing guide groove can control the gaps at two sides of the main bearing roller through reasonable structural size design, and can also form auxiliary control on left and right deflection.
Still further preferably, the deflection control roller located at the side surface of the fixed ladder is arranged through a mounting plate, and a shock pad is arranged on the side surface of the mounting plate opposite to the supporting frame. In order to all stretch out and draw back the state in main telescopic ladder, the shock pad eliminates mounting panel and support frame's opposite side clearance to absorb and control and rock the energy, ensure the stability of stretching out and drawing back the state.
Still further preferably, the support frame is further provided with a gap adjusting roller, the gap adjusting roller is located between the two main bearing rollers, and the gap adjusting roller applies acting force to the main telescopic ladder in the direction of the main bearing rollers. The telescopic movement gap of the main telescopic ladder is adjusted through the gap adjusting roller, so that the operation is flexible, the pitching deflection is small, and the shake under the condition of moving load of passengers on and off the ladder is eliminated or reduced.
Preferably, the dragging structure comprises a dragging member and a dragging receiving member which can be abutted, the dragging receiving member is fixed on the middle ladder, and the dragging member is fixed on the main telescopic ladder. The traction reliability is ensured, a retraction pushing connection structure can be arranged between the traction device and the fixed ladder to ensure the normal retraction of the middle ladder, so that the hidden danger that the middle ladder cannot retract automatically under the action of gravity due to clamping stagnation is eliminated, and obviously, a falling limiting member is also arranged between the middle ladder and the fixed ladder to limit the retraction limit position.
Preferably, a locking mechanism for preventing the main telescopic ladder from sliding is arranged at the front end of the fixed ladder, the locking mechanism is provided with a first claw and a second claw which are driven by a locking oil cylinder, and the two claws respectively correspond to two travel sections of the main telescopic ladder so as to respectively form anti-sliding locking for the main telescopic ladder in the two travel sections. The main telescopic ladder and the middle ladder are locked in an anti-rollback mode. When the main telescopic ladder is specifically arranged, two locking members for locking are arranged on the main telescopic ladder, and when one claw locks the corresponding locking member, the other claw and the corresponding locking member have a space distance without interference.
The guide rail pair of the middle ladder is preferably composed of a groove of a customized channel steel and a middle roller wheel positioned in the groove, the middle roller wheel is arranged on the fixed ladder, the customized channel steel forms a side frame edge of the middle ladder frame, the roller wheel adopts a composite bearing structure, and the groove profile of the customized channel steel is matched with bus bars of two rolling bodies on the composite bearing. The rolling guide rail pair structure of the composite bearing is formed, the rolling guide rail pair structure is utilized to ensure flexible extension of the middle ladder, good pitching inclination limiting and left-right deflection limiting effects can be obtained, composite bearing commodities and matched channel steel sectional materials can be directly purchased, and the cost is reduced.
In order to improve the passing ability of a vehicle when actually used in a boarding vehicle, it is preferable that the first step of the fixed ladder is provided in a hidden step structure which can be hidden.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A boarding vehicle comprises a self-walking vehicle chassis and a boarding ladder mounted on the vehicle chassis, wherein the boarding ladder is formed by two-stage telescopic boarding ladder for achieving the first aim.
The boarding ladder on the boarding vehicle adopts the scheme of the invention, has a three-section boarding ladder structure with two-stage telescopic ladder, and has the same structural characteristics and excellent characteristics as the boarding ladder.
The invention has the advantages that the boarding ladder has a larger height adjusting range, can adapt to more airliner models, can reduce the operation cost of an airport, and has stable structure, compact layout, reliable function and long service life. The boarding vehicle has the same structural characteristics and excellent characteristics as the boarding ladder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural isometric view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the structure of the boarding ladder of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion a in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view of a part of the structure of the front end of the fixed ladder of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an isometric view of a portion of the structure of the front end of the fixed ladder of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion B in fig. 6 according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an isometric view of a part of the structure of the main extension ladder of the present invention on the rear end side.
Fig. 9 is an isometric view of a portion of the structure of the other side of the rear end of the main extension ladder of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural isometric view of an intermediate ladder of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the portion C in fig. 10 according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the portion D in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural perspective view of a lock mechanism for preventing the main extension ladder from sliding off in the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic isometric view of a hidden step extension in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic front view of a hidden step extension configuration of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic isometric view of a hidden step retraction configuration of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic front view of a structure of the present invention concealing the step retracted state.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a part of a hidden step provided with a second limit structure in the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a schematic isometric view of the structure of the fixed ladder of the invention with the first step in an extended position.
Fig. 20 is a schematic isometric view of the structure of the fixed ladder of the invention with the first step in a retracted state.
Fig. 21 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the structure of the boarding platform of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment 1 of a two-stage telescopic boarding ladder includes a fixed ladder 100 and a main telescopic ladder 200, wherein a first hinge part is provided at the front end of the fixed ladder 100, a lifter 600 is hinged at the first hinge part, a second hinge part is provided at the rear end of the fixed ladder 100, an boarding platform 500 is provided at the front end of the main telescopic ladder 200, the main telescopic ladder 200 is connected with a main ladder driving cylinder 220, an intermediate ladder 300 is provided between the fixed ladder 100 and the main telescopic ladder 200, the intermediate ladder 300 and the main telescopic ladder 200 are connected with the fixed ladder 100 in a telescopic manner through corresponding guide rail pair structures, and the intermediate ladder 300 and the main telescopic ladder 200 have a towing structure for towing the intermediate ladder 300 to synchronously extend after the main telescopic ladder 200 extends a set distance, the intermediate ladder 300 is positioned inside a ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, an intermediate ladder guide rail pair between the intermediate ladder 300 and the fixed ladder 100 is positioned between opposite side walls of the fixed ladder frame 301, and the fixed ladder 100 is provided with a limiting block 102 for limiting the extension length of the main telescopic ladder 200.
Referring to fig. 4,5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, a support 400 is fixedly connected to the back of the front end of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, a space for the telescopic movement of the main telescopic ladder 200 is provided between the support 400 and the fixed ladder 100, and the fixed ladder 100 and the intermediate ladder 300 are both located on the front surface of the main telescopic ladder 200. The guide rail pair between the fixed ladder 100 and the main telescopic ladder 200 consists of two sub-guide rail pairs, wherein the two sub-guide rail pairs respectively consist of a bearing guide rail pair and a deflection control guide rail pair, and the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt rolling guide rail structures. Wherein, the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt double-roller structures. Specifically, two main bearing rollers 401 in the bearing guide rail pair for forming a double roller structure are matched in grooves of the same bearing guide member 201, the bearing guide member 201 is located at the back of the main telescopic ladder 200, the two main bearing rollers 401 are longitudinally distributed on the support frame 400 according to a ladder body, two yaw control rollers 202 in the yaw control guide rail pair for forming the double roller structure are respectively matched in guide grooves of the two yaw control guide groove members and form two yaw control guide rail pairs, the two yaw control guide groove members are respectively located at the back and the side of the fixed ladder 100, the two yaw control guide rail pairs are mainly used for controlling pitching yaw, the yaw control guide rail pairs located at the side are also used for controlling left and right yaw, meanwhile, the extending length limiting block 102 is located at the front end of the guide groove of the side yaw control guide groove member 103, the side yaw control guide groove member 103 is formed by a ladder frame side frame beam of the fixed ladder 100, the side frame beam is made of channel steel, angle steel 104 is welded in the grooves of the channel steel so that the diameter of the groove is narrowed, the corresponding yaw control roller 202 is formed by welding the back and the side frame of the fixed ladder frame 100, and the back side frame is formed by bending frame side frame 105. The yaw control roller 202 located at the side of the fixed ladder 100 is disposed through a mounting plate 203, and a shock pad 204 is disposed on the side of the mounting plate 203 opposite to the supporting frame 400.
In addition, the support 400 is further provided with a gap adjusting roller 402, the gap adjusting roller 402 is located between the two main bearing rollers 401, the gap adjusting roller 402 applies a force to the main telescopic ladder 200 in the direction of the main bearing rollers 401, the gap adjusting roller 402 is arranged on an adjusting bracket 403, and the adjusting bracket 403 is arranged on the support 400 in a position-adjustable manner. The dragging structure consists of a dragging member 205 and a dragging bearing member 303 which can be abutted against each other, wherein the dragging bearing member 303 is fixed on a middle ladder frame 301 of the middle ladder 300, the dragging member 205 is fixed on a ladder frame longitudinal beam 207 of the main telescopic ladder 200, a deflection control roller 202 of a deflection control guide rail pair positioned on the back of the fixed ladder 100 is arranged at the tail end of the ladder frame longitudinal beam 207 and is mostly hidden in a groove of a channel steel forming the ladder frame longitudinal beam 207, the top end of the deflection control roller 202 protrudes from a hollowed part on the side wall of the channel steel, one end of a roller shaft of the deflection control roller 202 is connected to the bottom wall of the channel steel, the other end of the roller shaft of the deflection control roller is connected to a sealing plate 208, and the sealing plate 208 is blocked at the notch of the channel steel.
The middle ladder frame 301 forms a rectangular frame structure through two side frame edges and two end beams, a middle ladder step 302 is fixedly connected to the middle ladder frame 301, two side frame edges of the middle ladder frame 301 are provided with rear extension sections, a middle ladder guide rail pair structure is formed between the outer sides of the rear extension sections and the inner sides of the fixed ladder 100, and a falling limiting member 304 is further arranged on the middle ladder frame 301 and used for limiting a falling limit falling position falling under the action of gravity. The intermediate step 301 is provided with a cross beam corresponding to each intermediate step 302, and the intermediate step 302 at the forefront is supported on the front side rail. The middle ladder guide rail pair is composed of a groove of customized channel steel and a middle roller 101 positioned in the groove, the middle roller 101 is fixedly connected to a middle roller seat 106 arranged on the fixed ladder 100, the middle roller seat 106 is of a strip-shaped plate structure, and the customized channel steel forms a side frame edge of the middle ladder frame 301. The grooves of the custom channel steel are adapted to the composite bearing that constitutes the intermediate roller 101, the profile of which is adapted to the generatrix of the two rolling bodies on the composite bearing. The falling limiting member 304 is disposed in a groove of the channel steel, and the falling limiting member 304 abuts against the front end of the intermediate roller seat 106 to limit the falling limit position of the intermediate ladder 300. The front end of the groove of the channel steel is also provided with a reinforcing rib 305 and a hanging ring 306.
In addition, the two side frames of the middle ladder frame 301 are provided with drag receiving members 303, the drag receiving members 303 are positioned on the lower end surfaces of the front ends of the side frames, the two side frames of the middle ladder frame 301 are also provided with back driving receiving blocks 307, and the back driving receiving blocks 307 are positioned in front of the drag receiving members 303 and extend outwards to form dislocation with the drag receiving members 303 in the width and height directions. The main telescopic ladder 200 is provided with a retraction driving block 206 on the ladder frame, and the retraction driving block 206 is used for pushing the middle ladder frame 300 to forcibly retract. The tread of the intermediate tread 302 is removably mounted to the angle brackets welded to the side rims and supported on the corresponding cross beams or end beams, with one side of the angle brackets engaging the side rims and the other side engaging the tread.
Referring to fig. 2, a locking mechanism for preventing the main telescopic ladder 200 from sliding down is provided at the front end of the fixed ladder 100, and the locking mechanism has a first claw 702 and a second claw 703 driven by a locking cylinder 701, the two claws respectively correspond to two travel sections of the main telescopic ladder 200, so as to respectively form a sliding-preventing lock for the main telescopic ladder 200 in the two travel sections.
Referring to fig. 13, the locking claw comprises a locking claw driven by a locking oil cylinder 701, wherein the locking claw consists of a first claw 702 and a second claw 703 which are distributed, the two claws respectively correspond to two lifting travel sections of a locked component so as to respectively form anti-sliding locking on the main telescopic ladder 200 in the two lifting travel sections, the locking oil cylinder 701 consists of two oil cylinders of a first oil cylinder 701A and a second oil cylinder 701B, and the bottom ends of the cylinder bodies of the two oil cylinders are fixedly connected together.
The first clamping jaw 702 is fixedly connected to the clamping jaw shaft 704, the clamping jaw shaft 704 is rotatably arranged on the base member, the second clamping jaw 703 is hinged to the base member, and the second clamping jaw 703 is connected with the clamping jaw shaft 704 through a crank connecting rod mechanism. The specific crank-link mechanism comprises a crank 706 and a link 407, wherein the crank 706 is fixedly connected to the claw shaft 704, and the link 407 is hinged with the crank 706 and the second claw 703 through two ends respectively. The claw shaft 704 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 708, the mounting seat 708 is fixedly connected to the support frame 400, the claw shaft 704 is also fixedly connected with the driving arm 709, the free end of the driving arm 709 is hinged with one end of the locking oil cylinder 701, the other end of the locking oil cylinder 701 is hinged to the oil cylinder seat 705, and the oil cylinder seat 705 is fixedly connected to the support frame 400.
Specifically, two ends of the jaw shaft 704 are respectively provided with a first jaw 702 and a second jaw 703, the two first jaws 702 at two ends and the two second jaws 703 at two ends are respectively and symmetrically arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the locking cylinder 701 is positioned on a symmetry axis of bilateral symmetry. The main telescopic ladder 200 includes two channel steel 230 with opposite bottoms and set at a certain interval, the back of the channel steel 230 is fixedly connected with a first locking block 231, the first locking block 231 is provided with a plurality of tooth-shaped locking structures 231A, the tooth-shaped locking structures 231A correspond to a first telescopic stroke of the main telescopic ladder 200, the clamping claw shaft 704 is driven by one of the first oil cylinder 701A or the second oil cylinder 701B to rotate by a smaller angle, and the first clamping claw 702 is combined with the tooth-shaped locking structures 231A to form an extending locking for the main telescopic ladder 200 to prevent the main telescopic ladder 200 from sliding back in a first telescopic stroke section. During this process, the second jaw 703 is not in contact or interference with the side wall of the channel 230 at all times. The side wall of the channel steel 230 is provided with a bar-shaped locking structure 230a, the bar-shaped locking structure 230a corresponds to the second telescopic travel of the telescopic ladder, the clamping jaw shaft 704 is driven to rotate by the combined action of the first oil cylinder 701A and the second oil cylinder 701B by a larger angle, and the second clamping jaw 703 is combined with the bar-shaped locking structure 230a to form the extending locking of the main telescopic ladder 200, so that the ladder frame is prevented from sliding in the second telescopic travel section to fall back. In this process, the ends of the ladder bars are spaced apart from the first jaw 702 and the second jaw 703 is not in contact or interference with the ends of the channel 230 at all times. The locking cylinder 701 may also adopt a common single-piston rod cylinder, or may also adopt a double-piston rod with two ends extending simultaneously, or may also adopt a two-stage cylinder, so as to replace the combination of the two single-piston rod cylinders with the overlapped strokes. When the alternative oil cylinder is adopted, the travel switch is matched to control the travel of the oil cylinder so as to control the travel of the oil cylinder to correspond to two travel of the locked component.
The first telescopic travel mainly corresponds to the anti-slip locking of the main telescopic ladder 200 during the self-telescopic and the partial telescopic of the middle ladder 300, and the second travel section corresponds to the anti-slip locking of the last step or two steps of the middle ladder 300.
The cylinder body of the main ladder driving cylinder 220 is fixed on the back of the fixed ladder 100, the front end of the piston rod is hinged on the back of the main telescopic ladder 200, and the main ladder driving cylinder 220 adopts a two-stage cylinder structure to meet the structural characteristic that the working stroke of the two-stage telescopic ladder structure is greater than the length of the cylinder body, so that the total stroke formed by sequentially telescoping the two-stage piston rods reaches the structural requirement greater than the length of the cylinder body.
To ensure the passability of the vehicle when used in boarding, the first step of the fixed ladder 100 is of a hidden structure. Referring to fig. 14, 15, 16, 17, 19 and 20, the hidden step comprises a rectangular step body 110 and two bent arms 111 with one end hinged to the inner side of a fixed step frame, the step body 110 is L-shaped with a horizontal section larger than a vertical section, the upper ends of the L-shaped vertical sections on two sides of the step body 110 are hinged to free ends of the two bent arms 111 respectively, a step driving cylinder 112 formed by an electric cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the rear side of the L-shaped vertical section of the step body 110, the cylinder body of the step driving cylinder 112 is hinged to the step frame of the fixed step 100, the step driving cylinder 112 retracts and pulls the step body 110 through a cylinder rod and drives the free ends of the bent arms 111 to swing upwards to an upper limit position, the L-shaped horizontal section of the step body 110 is located at the upper limit position, a first limit structure is formed between the hinged parts of the step body 110 and the bent arms 111, the step driving cylinder 112 extends out through a cylinder rod to push the step body 110, and drives the free ends of the bent arms 111 to swing to be located at the lower limit positions of the two limit structures defy death, namely, the two limit structures are located at the lower limit positions of the two bent arms 111.
The first limiting structure includes a frame limiting element 110a, where the frame limiting element 110a is fixedly connected or integrally formed on the step body 110 and located on an end surface of the step body 110, and the frame limiting element 110a abuts against a side surface of the extending section 111a of the free end of the bent arm 111 to limit the L-shaped horizontal section of the step body 110 at a lower limit position. The frame limiting element 110a has a block structure, and the frame limiting element 110a and the free end extension 111a of the bent arm 111 form a surface contact connection relationship. The free end extension 111a extends from the hinge of the bending arm 111 and the step body 110 outwards from said bending arm 111.
In addition, a tension spring 113 is further disposed between the rear side of the L-shaped vertical section of the step body 110 and the frame of the fixed ladder 100, and a connection point of the tension spring 113 on the step body 110 is located at the lower end of the L-shaped vertical section.
As shown in fig. 15, when the tread body 110 is in the lower limit position, the tread body 110 is in the extended state, the position of the connection point of the tension spring 113 and the tread frame is a, which is higher in height than the hinge point B of the tension spring 113 and the tread body 110, and the tension spring 113 is inclined downward from the point a.
As shown in fig. 17, when the tread body 110 is at the upper limit position, the tread body 110 is in a retracted state, the position of the connection point of the tension spring 113 and the tread frame is a, which is lower in height than the hinge point C of the tension spring 113 and the tread body 110, and the tension spring 113 is inclined upward from the point a. And when the step body 110 is at the upper limit position, the hinge point D of the cylinder body of the step driving cylinder 112 and the step frame, the hinge point E of the bent arm 111 and the step body 110, and the hinge point F of the bent arm 111 and the step frame are positioned on the same straight line.
In this embodiment, an unlocking elastic member may be disposed above the bent arm 111 at the upper limit position, and the unlocking elastic member is elastically abutted against the bent arm 111 to release the dead point state in the unloading state of the step driving cylinder 112, so as to smoothly enter the extending process of the step body 110, or may utilize three reasonable clearances hinged and matched with the hinge points, and release the dead point state under the action of gravity in the unloading state of the step driving cylinder 112, wherein the unlocking elastic member is disposed in such a manner that the three points D, E, F gradually rise as shown in fig. 4, and the unlocking effect by self weight is better.
In this embodiment, the upper limit position limiting member may be disposed on the ladder frame to avoid the three hinge points from being in a state of being in a same straight line, thereby avoiding the occurrence of dead points. The step driving cylinder 112 may be a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.
In order to improve the structural stability of the boarding platform, the auxiliary frame which moves synchronously along with the cross beam is arranged in the main frame and hinged with the cross beam, and meanwhile, the auxiliary frame and the auxiliary hinge are used for increasing the position of the bearing pedal by additionally arranging the auxiliary hinge on two sides of the front end of the auxiliary frame, so that the transverse hollowed-out size is effectively reduced, and the potential safety hazard of stepping on the sky is eliminated or reduced.
Referring to fig. 21, the boarding platform 500 comprises a main frame 501, a cross beam 502, a main hinge 503 and an auxiliary frame driving cylinder 504, wherein an auxiliary frame 505 is arranged in the main frame 501, a linear moving guide rail pair is arranged between the auxiliary frame 505 and the main frame 501, the middle part of the front end of the auxiliary frame 505 is hinged with the cross beam 502, auxiliary hinges 506 are also arranged between the two sides of the front end of the auxiliary frame 505 and the cross beam 502, and the auxiliary frame driving cylinder 504 is connected between the middle part of the rear end of the auxiliary frame 505 and the main frame 501.
The linear moving guide rail pair adopts a rolling guide rail pair structure with rollers 507 matched with guide grooves, the rollers 507 adopt a composite bearing structure, the guide grooves are formed by grooves of customized channel steel, the outlines of the grooves are matched with buses of two rolling bodies on the rollers 507, the customized channel steel also forms a longitudinal reinforcing beam of a main frame 501, and the rollers 507 are arranged on frame edge beams of an auxiliary frame 505.
In addition, the front side of the beam 502 is provided with a rubber tube 508, a pressing block is arranged in the rubber tube 508, the rubber tube 508 is pressed and fixed on the beam 502 by the pressing block, and the front end of the pressing block is arc-shaped. The cross beam 502 is also provided with two compression travel switches 509, and the feeler lever of the compression travel switch 509 is elastically and telescopically arranged on the cross beam 502. Wherein, two compression travel switches 509 are arranged in parallel in the middle of the beam 502 at a certain interval, and the front end of the feeler lever passes through the rubber tube 508 to be exposed outside.
A damper 510 is further disposed between the auxiliary frame driving cylinder 504 and the main frame 501, and the damper 510 is connected in series to the tail end of the auxiliary frame driving cylinder 504 and hinged to the auxiliary frame driving cylinder 504. Wherein the sub-frame driving cylinder 504 is constituted by an electric cylinder.
In embodiment 2, referring to fig. 18, the frame limiting element 110a in the hidden step adopts a cylindrical structure or any cylindrical structure with an arc-shaped surface at a portion contacting with the side surface of the free end extension section 111a of the bent arm 111, so that the first limiting structure is defined by a line contact forming position, and a second limiting structure is formed between the bent arm 111 and the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, and is used for limiting the bent arm 111 to the lower limiting position. The second limiting structure includes a bent arm limiting element 114, where the bent arm limiting element 114 is in a block structure or a rod structure, the bent arm limiting element 114 is fixedly connected to the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, and the bent arm limiting element 114 abuts against the proximal side of the bent arm 111 to limit the bent arm 111 to the lower limit position.
The bent arm limiting element 114 is fixed on the inner side of the longitudinal beam independently when a limiting block is adopted, and is formed by reinforcing pull rods at corresponding positions of the two longitudinal beams when a rod-shaped member is adopted, and can be specially arranged to strengthen the action of the reinforcing pull rods.
The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1 or 2, and will not be described here again.
Embodiment 3 referring to fig. 1 and 2, a boarding vehicle comprises a self-propelled vehicle chassis 800 and a boarding ladder mounted on the vehicle chassis 800, wherein the boarding ladder is composed of the two-stage telescopic boarding ladder of embodiment 1 or 2.
Wherein, the two-stage telescopic boarding ladder is hinged at the tail of the vehicle chassis 800 through the lower end of the fixed ladder 100, the lifting machine 600 is positioned at the front and is only near the cab, the main telescopic ladder 200 stretches longitudinally along the vehicle, the boarding platform 500 has comprehensive movement of lifting and moving back and forth along with the far end of the main telescopic ladder 200, and the boarding platform 500 is positioned above the top of the cab in a retraction state of the boarding ladder.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A two-stage telescopic boarding ladder comprises a fixed ladder (100) and a main telescopic ladder (200), wherein the front end of the fixed ladder (100) is provided with a first hinge part, the first hinge part is hinged with a lifting machine (600), the rear end of the fixed ladder (100) is provided with a second hinge part, the main telescopic ladder (200) is connected with a main ladder driving oil cylinder, the two-stage telescopic boarding ladder is characterized by further comprising an intermediate ladder (300) positioned between the fixed ladder (100) and the main telescopic ladder (200), the intermediate ladder (300) and the main telescopic ladder (200) are in telescopic connection with the fixed ladder (100) through corresponding guide rail auxiliary structures, the intermediate ladder (300) and the main telescopic ladder (200) are provided with dragging structures which drag the intermediate ladder (300) to synchronously stretch out after the main telescopic ladder (200) stretches out for a set distance, the intermediate ladder (300) is positioned inside a ladder frame of the fixed ladder (100), an intermediate ladder guide rail pair between the intermediate ladder (300) and the fixed ladder (100) is positioned between opposite side walls of the fixed ladder frame and the intermediate ladder frame (301),
The guide rail pair between the fixed ladder (100) and the main telescopic ladder (200) consists of two sub guide rail pairs, wherein the two sub guide rail pairs respectively consist of a bearing guide rail pair and a deflection control guide rail pair, the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt rolling guide rail structures, and the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt double roller structures.
2. The two-stage telescopic boarding ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that a support frame (400) is fixedly connected to the front end of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder (100), the support frame (400) extends from the side surface of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder to the back surface, a telescopic moving space for the main telescopic ladder (200) is arranged between the support frame (400) and the back surface of the fixed ladder (100), the fixed ladder (100) and the middle ladder (300) are both positioned on the front surface of the main telescopic ladder (200), the upper part and the lower part of the support frame (400) are triangular, and the first hinge part is arranged through the support frame (400) and positioned on one downward corner of the triangle.
3. The two-stage telescopic boarding ladder according to claim 2, wherein two main bearing rollers (401) in the bearing guide rail pair for forming a double-roller structure are matched in grooves of the same bearing guide member (201), the bearing guide member (201) is positioned on the back of the main telescopic ladder (200), the two main bearing rollers (401) are longitudinally distributed on a supporting frame (400) according to a ladder body, two deflection control rollers (202) in the deflection control guide rail pair for forming the double-roller structure are respectively matched in guide grooves of the two deflection control guide groove members and form two deflection control guide rail pairs, the two deflection control guide groove members are respectively positioned on the back and the side of the fixed ladder (100), the two deflection control guide rail pairs are mainly used for controlling pitching deflection, and the deflection control guide rail pairs positioned on the side are also used for controlling left and right deflection.
4. A two-stage extension boarding ladder according to claim 3, characterized in that a yaw control roller (202) fitted with the yaw control guide groove member on the side of the fixed ladder (100) is provided by a mounting plate (203), and a shock pad (204) is provided on the side of the mounting plate (203) opposite to the supporting frame (400).
5. The two-stage telescopic boarding ladder of claim 2, wherein the supporting frame (400) is further provided with a clearance adjustment roller (402), the clearance adjustment roller (402) is positioned between two main bearing rollers (401), and the clearance adjustment roller (402) applies a force to the main telescopic ladder (200) towards the main bearing rollers (401).
6. The two-stage telescopic boarding ladder of claim 1, wherein the towing structure is composed of a towing member (205) and a towing receiving member (303) which can be brought into abutment, the towing receiving member (303) being fixed to the intermediate ladder (300), the towing member (205) being fixed to the main telescopic ladder (200).
7. The two-stage telescopic boarding ladder of any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that a locking mechanism for preventing the main telescopic ladder (200) from sliding down is arranged at the front end of the fixed ladder (100), and the locking mechanism is provided with a first claw (702) and a second claw (703) which are driven by a locking oil cylinder (701), and the two claws respectively correspond to two travel sections of the main telescopic ladder (200) so as to respectively form anti-sliding locking for the main telescopic ladder (200) in the two travel sections.
8. The two-stage telescopic boarding ladder according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the middle ladder guide rail pair is composed of a groove of a customized channel steel and a middle roller (101) positioned in the groove, the middle roller (101) is arranged on the fixed ladder (100), the customized channel steel forms a side frame edge of a middle ladder frame (301), the roller adopts a composite bearing structure, and the groove profile of the customized channel steel is matched with buses of two rolling bodies on the composite bearing.
9. An boarding vehicle comprising a self-walking vehicle chassis (800) and an boarding ladder mounted on the vehicle chassis (800), wherein the boarding ladder is composed of the two-stage telescopic boarding ladder according to any one of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110634979.8A CN113511345B (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and boarding vehicle |
| PCT/CN2021/127222 WO2022257336A1 (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-10-29 | Two-stage telescopic passenger stairway and passenger stair truck |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110634979.8A CN113511345B (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and boarding vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113511345A CN113511345A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
| CN113511345B true CN113511345B (en) | 2025-06-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110634979.8A Active CN113511345B (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | Two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and boarding vehicle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113511345B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022257336A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113511345B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2025-06-13 | 重庆迪马工业有限责任公司 | Two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and boarding vehicle |
| CN116280237A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-23 | 巨力索具股份有限公司 | A lift-type portable boarding ladder |
| CN117963151A (en) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-05-03 | 北京中顺宏达机电技术有限公司 | A movable ramp-shaped passage for barrier-free boarding of people with limited mobility |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0429033A1 (en) * | 1989-11-18 | 1991-05-29 | Lothar H. Dipl.-Ing. Wenzel | Aircraft passenger stairs |
| CN214566227U (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-11-02 | 重庆达航工业有限公司 | Ladder body structure of single-stage telescopic ladder |
| CN214986152U (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-12-03 | 重庆达航工业有限公司 | Ladder body structure of two-stage telescopic ladder |
| CN214986151U (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-12-03 | 重庆达航工业有限公司 | Two-stage retractable boarding stairs and boarding carts |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0429032A1 (en) * | 1989-11-18 | 1991-05-29 | Lothar H. Dipl.-Ing. Wenzel | Aircraft passenger ladder |
| CN2679037Y (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-02-16 | 无锡锡梅特种汽车有限公司 | Mobile turnover tail ladder of aeroplane passenger ladder |
| CN201317465Y (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-09-30 | 威海广泰空港设备股份有限公司 | Combined sliding stair-type passenger boarding stairs |
| CN102267572A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-12-07 | 北京康木富特科技有限公司 | Electrically driven passenger stairway |
| CN208731244U (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-04-12 | 无锡锡梅特种汽车有限公司 | A kind of telescopic passenger stairway |
| CN113511345B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2025-06-13 | 重庆迪马工业有限责任公司 | Two-stage telescopic boarding ladder and boarding vehicle |
-
2021
- 2021-06-08 CN CN202110634979.8A patent/CN113511345B/en active Active
- 2021-10-29 WO PCT/CN2021/127222 patent/WO2022257336A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0429033A1 (en) * | 1989-11-18 | 1991-05-29 | Lothar H. Dipl.-Ing. Wenzel | Aircraft passenger stairs |
| CN214566227U (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-11-02 | 重庆达航工业有限公司 | Ladder body structure of single-stage telescopic ladder |
| CN214986152U (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-12-03 | 重庆达航工业有限公司 | Ladder body structure of two-stage telescopic ladder |
| CN214986151U (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-12-03 | 重庆达航工业有限公司 | Two-stage retractable boarding stairs and boarding carts |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113511345A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
| WO2022257336A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
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