CN113103616B - Integrated continuous winding process technical method for high-strength ultrathin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long fiber composite material - Google Patents

Integrated continuous winding process technical method for high-strength ultrathin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long fiber composite material Download PDF

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CN113103616B
CN113103616B CN202110387626.2A CN202110387626A CN113103616B CN 113103616 B CN113103616 B CN 113103616B CN 202110387626 A CN202110387626 A CN 202110387626A CN 113103616 B CN113103616 B CN 113103616B
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rubber
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CN113103616A (en
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贾晓龙
黎何丰
张晓乐
吉早明
王洪涛
林松
杨小平
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/32Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
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Abstract

A process technology method for integrally and continuously winding a high-strength ultrathin rubber band-shaped sheet and a long fiber composite material belongs to the technical field of winding and revolving body structure preparation. Firstly, pre-vulcanizing a raw rubber strip-shaped sheet, and then winding the pre-vulcanized high-strength ultrathin rubber strip-shaped sheet on a core mold in a circumferential/spiral mode; and winding the long fiber soaked with the glue solution on the rubber layer in a circumferential/rotary mode, and finally preparing a winding rotary body structure through co-curing. The invention effectively solves the problems of low rubber strength, low forming precision, low efficiency and unstable formed product quality existing in the integrated winding process of the rubber strip-shaped sheet and the long fiber, provides an efficient and feasible technical method for producing a winding rotary body structure combined by a rubber material and a fiber composite material, and has wide application prospect.

Description

一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续 缠绕的工艺技术方法A technological method for integrated and continuous winding of high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long-fiber composite material

技术领域technical field

本发明提供一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,可以用于制备橡胶材料与纤维复合材料结合的缠绕回转体结构。The present invention provides a technological method for integrated and continuous winding of a high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet and a long-fiber composite material, which can be used to prepare a winding gyratory structure in which the rubber material and the fiber composite material are combined.

背景技术Background technique

橡胶材料与长纤维复合材料结合的缠绕回转体结构由于其轻质高强、高模、耐腐蚀、长寿命等优点在各种工业领域中得到广泛应用。丁腈橡胶、丁基橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶等高性能橡胶由于其密度低、良好的绝热及耐候性能、优异的加工性能被广泛被用作回转体内壁材料。将长纤维复合材料作为缠绕外层与其相结合,可同时发挥长纤维增强复合材料和橡胶材料的优势,进一步扩大橡胶材料与长纤维复合材料的应用领域范围。目前制备橡胶材料与长纤维复合材料结合的回转体结构的常见方法为先采用传统手工贴片橡胶材料,然后再进行长纤维复合材料的缠绕成型。根据专利(CN 102632683 A)中提出了一种纤维缠绕回转体结构的手工贴片制作方法,该法存在劳动强度大、产品尺寸及质量不稳定等缺点。文献(贺大鹏,许涛.适于缠绕工艺的发动机绝热层技术研究[J].橡塑技术与装备,2018,44(06):14-18.)报道了用未硫化生胶带状片材和长纤维复合材料通过缠绕机将橡胶带状片材与浸胶的长纤维缠绕在芯模上制备缠绕回转体结构,该法采用的生胶带状片材力学强度较低,无法承受缠绕过程中施加的较大张力,由于架空等缺陷,该胶带还无法缠绕封头段,只可缠绕直筒段,影响整个工艺一体化的性能。此外由于橡胶带状片材未硫化,在后续硫化过程中会产生气泡,严重影响产品性能。专利(CN 101642961 A)先通过不同张力先将橡胶带状片材层缠绕到芯模上,然后进行橡胶层的预固化。最后再将纤维缠绕到胶带层上,进行树脂的后固化。该方法可以得到缠绕回转体结构,但是分段固化使得制备工艺繁琐,成型效率较低,橡胶层与长纤维复材层的分段固化无法实现胶带与复材层在固化/硫化过程中收缩率、应力场、热场等方面的匹配,严重影响产品性能。综上所述,目前橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料的成型工艺存在橡胶带状片材强度低且只可用于筒身段缠绕直筒段、成型方法精度低和效率低、成型产品质量不稳定及后固化工艺不成熟等问题。The winding rotary structure combined with rubber material and long fiber composite material has been widely used in various industrial fields due to its advantages of light weight, high strength, high modulus, corrosion resistance and long life. High-performance rubbers such as nitrile rubber, butyl rubber and EPDM rubber are widely used as rotating inner wall materials due to their low density, good thermal insulation and weather resistance, and excellent processing performance. Combining the long fiber composite material as the winding outer layer can simultaneously exert the advantages of the long fiber reinforced composite material and the rubber material, and further expand the application field of the rubber material and the long fiber composite material. At present, a common method for preparing a gyratory structure combining a rubber material with a long-fiber composite material is to first use a traditional hand-patched rubber material, and then perform winding molding of the long-fiber composite material. According to the patent (CN 102632683 A), a manual patch manufacturing method of a filament wound rotary structure is proposed, which has disadvantages such as high labor intensity, unstable product size and quality, and the like. Literature (He Dapeng, Xu Tao. Research on engine thermal insulation layer technology suitable for winding process [J]. Rubber and Plastic Technology and Equipment, 2018, 44(06): 14-18.) reported the use of unvulcanized raw tape-like sheets and The long-fiber composite material is wound by winding the rubber belt-like sheet and the dipped long fiber on the mandrel through the winding machine to prepare the winding revolving body structure. Due to defects such as overhead, the tape can not be wound around the head section, but only the straight section, which affects the performance of the entire process integration. In addition, since the rubber strip sheet is not vulcanized, bubbles will be generated in the subsequent vulcanization process, which will seriously affect the product performance. The patent (CN 101642961 A) firstly winds the rubber strip-shaped sheet layer onto the core mold through different tensions, and then pre-cures the rubber layer. Finally, the fibers are wound onto the tape layer for post-curing of the resin. This method can obtain a wound gyratory structure, but the segmented curing makes the preparation process cumbersome and the molding efficiency is low. , stress field, thermal field and other aspects of the matching, seriously affecting product performance. To sum up, the current molding process of rubber ribbon sheet and long fiber composite material has the following problems: the strength of rubber ribbon sheet is low, and it can only be used for winding straight barrel section, the molding method has low precision and efficiency, and the quality of molding products is unstable. and the immature post-curing process.

为了解决以上问题,本专利提出了一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,为生产橡胶材料与长纤维复合材料结合的缠绕回转体结构提供了一种有效手段。In order to solve the above problems, this patent proposes a technological method for the integrated and continuous winding of high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long-fiber composite material, which provides a method for producing a winding gyratory structure combining rubber material and long-fiber composite material. an effective means.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供的一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,有效解决了橡胶层传统手工贴片法制备缠绕回转体的产品尺寸及质量稳定性差等问题,采用预硫化的手段制备橡胶带状片材极大提高了其力学性能。制备的高强超薄橡胶带状片材可以像纤维一样在大张力下自由缠绕,封头处无架空等结构缺陷。共固化技术大幅简化了缠绕回转体的制备流程,实现了胶带缠绕层与长纤维复材缠绕层在固化/硫化过程中收缩率、应力场、热场等方面的匹配。The invention provides a technological method for the integrated continuous winding of high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long-fiber composite material, which effectively solves the problem that the product size and quality stability of the winding rotary body prepared by the traditional manual patching method of the rubber layer are poor. and other problems, the use of pre-vulcanization to prepare rubber ribbon sheets greatly improves its mechanical properties. The prepared high-strength and ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet can be freely wound under large tension like fibers, and there is no structural defect such as overhead at the head. The co-curing technology greatly simplifies the preparation process of the winding rotor, and realizes the matching of the shrinkage rate, stress field, thermal field, etc. of the tape winding layer and the long fiber composite winding layer during the curing/vulcanization process.

一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:A technological method for integrated and continuous winding of high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long-fiber composite material, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1)高强度超薄橡胶带状片材的制备:混炼好的橡胶坯料依次经过精密压延挤出、带压预硫化和高精度分切加工等三个步骤后,制备得到高强度超薄橡胶带状片材:a)精密压延挤出:将混炼好的橡胶坯料以积胶压延法放入三辊精密压延机中挤出,其中辊筒速比为,上:中=1:1-1.1,中:下=1:1-1.2;辊温为,上辊70-80℃,中辊为80-95℃,下辊为70-80℃;辊距为:上中辊距为0.1-0.4mm,中下辊间距为0.1-0.3mm,压延挤出后由5-15N的张力牵伸至收卷辊与玻璃膜一起收卷。按照以上压延参数可制得厚度为0.1-0.3mm的超薄橡胶带状片材;b)预硫化:将a)中得到的超薄橡胶带状片材置于硫化机中预硫化,其中硫化温度为160-180℃,硫化压力为1-2MPa,硫化时间为0.5-2h,硫化度为60-70%,按照以上硫化参数进行硫化可以得到能够承受的张力为20-50N的高强超薄橡胶带状片材;c)将b)中制备的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材置于高精度分切加工机床上进行分切裁剪,其中辊刀的间距为15-20mm,辊刀分切偏转角为10-30°,辊速为30-50m/min,裁剪后经过10-20N的张力牵伸至收卷辊,由两个收卷辊与分别收集,最终获得宽度为15-20mm,厚度为0.1-0.3mm,能够承受20-50N张力的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材。1) Preparation of high-strength ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet: After the mixed rubber blank is sequentially subjected to three steps of precision calendering and extrusion, belt pressure pre-vulcanization and high-precision slitting processing, high-strength ultra-thin rubber is prepared. Ribbon-shaped sheet: a) Precision calendering and extrusion: put the kneaded rubber blank into a three-roll precision calender by the glue accumulation calendering method and extrude, wherein the roller speed ratio is, top: middle=1:1- 1.1, middle: lower = 1:1-1.2; the roll temperature is, the upper roll is 70-80°C, the middle roll is 80-95°C, and the lower roll is 70-80°C; the roll distance is: the upper and middle roll distance is 0.1- 0.4mm, the distance between the middle and lower rollers is 0.1-0.3mm, and after calendering and extrusion, it is drawn by the tension of 5-15N to the winding roller and wound together with the glass film. According to the above calendering parameters, an ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm can be obtained; b) Pre-vulcanization: the ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet obtained in a) is placed in a vulcanizer for pre-vulcanization, wherein the vulcanization The temperature is 160-180°C, the vulcanization pressure is 1-2MPa, the vulcanization time is 0.5-2h, and the vulcanization degree is 60-70%. According to the above vulcanization parameters, the high-strength ultra-thin rubber that can withstand the tension of 20-50N can be obtained. Ribbon-shaped sheet; c) place the high-strength ultra-thin rubber ribbon-shaped sheet prepared in b) on a high-precision slitting machine for slitting and cutting, wherein the distance between the roller knives is 15-20mm, and the roller knives slit The deflection angle is 10-30°, and the roll speed is 30-50m/min. After cutting, it is drawn to the winding roll with a tension of 10-20N, and collected by two winding rolls and respectively. The final width is 15-20mm. The thickness is 0.1-0.3mm, and it is a high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip sheet that can withstand 20-50N tension.

2)橡胶带状片材缠绕层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方法将高强度超薄连续橡胶带状片材缠绕到芯模上,制备得到橡胶带状片材缠绕层:a)环向缠绕:缠绕的角度为70-90°,缠绕张力在25-40N之间,每缠绕1层张力减1-5N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min,缠绕层数为1-2层;b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为50-70°,缠绕张力为25-30N,每缠绕1层张力递减1-5N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min,缠绕层数为2-3层,旋向缠绕的线型为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为1-3;按照上述缠绕工艺缠绕完成后即得到缠有橡胶带状片材的有效张紧缠绕结构。2) Preparation of the wrapping layer of the rubber band-like sheet: the high-strength ultra-thin continuous rubber band-like sheet is wound on the mandrel by the method of combining hoop winding and rotational wrapping to prepare the wrapping layer of the rubber band-like sheet : a) Hoop winding: the winding angle is 70-90°, the winding tension is between 25-40N, the tension is reduced by 1-5N for each winding layer, the winding speed is 0-5m/min, and the number of winding layers is 1- 2 layers; b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 50-70°, the winding tension is 25-30N, the tension decreases by 1-5N for each winding layer, the winding speed is 0-5m/min, and the number of winding layers is 2-3 Layer, the line type of the handed winding is that the cross point of the long fiber of the handed winding on the outside of the two ends of the core mold is 1-3; after the winding is completed according to the above-mentioned winding process, the effective tension winding of the rubber strip sheet is obtained. structure.

3)长纤维复合材料层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方式将浸润树脂的长纤维缠绕到步骤2)中制备的橡胶带状片材缠绕层的表面上:a)内层环向缠绕:其中第一层环向缠绕角度为80-90°,缠绕张力为20-40N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,内层环向缠绕为2-3层;b)中间层旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为30-50°,缠绕张力为15-30N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,中间旋向缠绕为3-5层,第一层旋向缠绕的缠绕线型为多切点铺层线型,交叉点为3-6,随后改变线型,保持交叉点为2-3;c)外层环向缠绕:在旋向缠绕层上再以环向缠绕的方式将浸润树脂的长纤维缠绕在旋向缠绕层上:缠绕角度为60-70°,缠绕张力为5-20N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,外层环向缠绕2-3层;按照上述缠绕工艺缠绕完成后即可得到橡胶带状片材缠绕层和长纤维复合材料层组成的回转体结构。3) Preparation of the long-fiber composite material layer: winding the resin-impregnated long fibers on the surface of the rubber ribbon-like sheet winding layer prepared in step 2) by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding: a) Inside Layer hoop winding: The first layer hoop winding angle is 80-90°, the winding tension is 20-40N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, and the inner layer is hoop winding for 2-3 layers; b) Middle Layer hand winding: winding angle is 30-50°, winding tension is 15-30N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, the middle hand winding is 3-5 layers, and the winding line type of the first layer hand winding Lay the line type for multi-tangent points, the intersection point is 3-6, and then change the line type, keeping the intersection point at 2-3; c) Hoop winding on the outer layer: on the hand winding layer and then in a hoop winding method Wind the resin-impregnated long fibers on the spiral winding layer: the winding angle is 60-70°, the winding tension is 5-20N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, and the outer layer is circumferentially wound for 2-3 layers; After the above-mentioned winding process is completed, a revolving body structure composed of a rubber strip-shaped sheet winding layer and a long-fiber composite material layer can be obtained.

4)整体共固化:将步骤3)中制备得到的橡胶带状片材缠绕层和长纤维复合材料层组成的回转体结构置于专用固化炉中,进行整体共固化,具体步骤为:a)设定温度为90-100℃,保温1-2h;b)将温度设定为120-130℃,保温2-3h;c)将温度设定为140-150℃,保温3-5h;d)整个过程需要施加1-3MPa的压力。4) Overall co-curing: the revolving body structure composed of the wrapping layer of the rubber tape sheet and the long-fiber composite material layer prepared in step 3) is placed in a special curing furnace, and the overall co-curing is carried out. The specific steps are: a) Set the temperature to 90-100°C and keep it for 1-2h; b) Set the temperature to 120-130°C and keep it for 2-3h; c) Set the temperature to 140-150°C and keep it for 3-5h; d) The whole process needs to apply a pressure of 1-3MPa.

步骤1)中需要在缠绕机处配置高精度加热装置,温度为35-60℃,保证橡胶带状片材有较好的延展性,均匀地铺在芯模表面。In step 1), it is necessary to configure a high-precision heating device at the winding machine, and the temperature is 35-60° C. to ensure that the rubber tape sheet has good ductility and is evenly spread on the surface of the core mold.

步骤1)中的橡胶带状片材的主要组成成分为:主体橡胶、硫化体系、预处理的芳纶浆粕、酚醛环氧树脂(环氧当量142.9-200.0g/eq)、羧基丁腈橡胶(丙烯腈含量为20-40%,100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为20-50,羧基含量为0.5-1.5%)、添加剂等。其组成优选为:主体橡胶50-80份、硫化体系10-30份、预处理过的芳纶浆粕5-10份、酚醛环氧树脂10-15份、羧基丁腈橡胶10-20份、添加剂5-30份。其中主体橡胶由高性能橡胶的一种或几种组成,包括但不限于乙丙橡胶、丁基橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶、氯醇橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、氟橡胶、硅橡胶、耐热型丁腈橡胶等。The main components of the rubber strip sheet in step 1) are: main rubber, vulcanization system, pretreated aramid pulp, phenolic epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 142.9-200.0g/eq), carboxyl nitrile rubber (Acrylonitrile content is 20-40%, raw rubber Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 at 100°C is 20-50, carboxyl content is 0.5-1.5%), additives, etc. Its composition is preferably: 50-80 parts of main rubber, 10-30 parts of vulcanization system, 5-10 parts of pretreated aramid pulp, 10-15 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 10-20 parts of carboxyl nitrile rubber, Additives 5-30 copies. The main rubber is composed of one or more high-performance rubbers, including but not limited to ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, acrylate rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone rubber, heat-resistant Type nitrile rubber, etc.

预处理的芳纶浆粕的制备方法为:将主体橡胶100份,填料纳米二氧化硅20-40份,硫化剂5-30份,促进剂5-15份,酚醛环氧树脂10-30份混炼,然后再与溶剂甲苯以质量比1:5-10混合置于反应容器中高速搅拌溶解,搅拌速度为800-1000r/min,时间为10-15h。然后加入芳纶浆粕,设置温度为50-60℃,继续搅拌1-2h。The preparation method of the pretreated aramid fiber pulp is as follows: 100 parts of main rubber, 20-40 parts of filler nano-silica, 5-30 parts of vulcanizing agent, 5-15 parts of accelerator, and 10-30 parts of phenolic epoxy resin Mixing, and then mixed with solvent toluene at a mass ratio of 1:5-10 and placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and dissolving, the stirring speed is 800-1000r/min, and the time is 10-15h. Then add the aramid fiber pulp, set the temperature to 50-60℃, and continue stirring for 1-2h.

步骤3)中环氧树脂复合材料中纤维体积含量为:60-65%。树脂体系由杂环类多官能度环氧树脂(如三聚氰酸环氧树脂(环氧值175.8-200.0g/eq)、海因类环氧树脂(环氧值135.1-142.9g/eq)等)、酚醛改性环氧树脂(环氧当量142.9-200.0g/eq)、固化剂及稀释剂组成。其中多官能度环氧树脂50-60份,酚醛改性环氧树脂10-20份,固化剂30-40份,稀释剂30-40份。将各组分置于反应容器中高速搅拌混合,温度为30-50℃,搅拌速度600-1000r/min,时间为5-15min。之后将树脂混合物倒入浸胶槽,通过机头将施加了缠绕张力的连续纤维经过浸胶槽缠绕到芯模上,缠绕完成后得到长纤维复合材料的致密铺层缠绕回转体结构。In step 3), the fiber volume content in the epoxy resin composite material is: 60-65%. The resin system consists of heterocyclic multifunctional epoxy resins (such as cyanuric epoxy resins (epoxy value 175.8-200.0g/eq), hydantoin epoxy resins (epoxy value 135.1-142.9g/eq) etc.), phenolic modified epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 142.9-200.0g/eq), curing agent and diluent. Among them, 50-60 parts of multifunctional epoxy resin, 10-20 parts of phenolic modified epoxy resin, 30-40 parts of curing agent, and 30-40 parts of thinner. The components are placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and mixing, the temperature is 30-50° C., the stirring speed is 600-1000 r/min, and the time is 5-15 min. After that, the resin mixture is poured into the dipping tank, and the continuous fibers with the winding tension applied are wound on the core mold through the dipping tank through the machine head.

发明效果Invention effect

(1)本发明采用高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料高精度连续缠绕制备回转体结构的方法,有效解决了传统方法成型时橡胶层和复合材料层分次制备的繁琐步骤以及精度低、产品质量不稳定、生产效率低下等问题。(2)相较于生胶带状片材,本发明通过调节预硫化工艺参数,使得橡胶带状片材内部发生一部分交联反应,制备出具有高伸长率、力学性能优异、界面性能良好的高强度橡胶带状片材,有效解决了因力学性能较低不能施加缠绕张力的问题,且后续的共固化过程中放出气体较少,对产品性能影响较小。(3)制备出的超薄橡胶带状片材可以像纤维一样进行环向和旋向的自由缠绕,且胶带之间搭接处的厚度可以忽略,有效解决了封头处架空的结构缺陷。(4)通过树脂体系的配方设计调控,以较低的共固化温度实现橡胶带状片材、纤维缠绕复材层的同步固化反应,实现了橡胶层与复材层在固化过程中应力场、应变场、热场的匹配。优化了生产制备流程,提高了橡胶层与复材层的结合性能。(5)通过优化缠绕角度、缠绕张力、缠绕线型等缠绕参数,实现了长纤维复合材料层致密铺层结构和橡胶层有效张紧结构的高度匹配。(1) The present invention adopts the method of high-precision continuous winding of high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long-fiber composite material to prepare the gyratory structure, which effectively solves the tedious steps of the step-by-step preparation of the rubber layer and the composite material layer during the molding of the traditional method. And problems such as low precision, unstable product quality, and low production efficiency. (2) Compared with the raw tape-shaped sheet, the present invention adjusts the pre-vulcanization process parameters, so that a part of the cross-linking reaction occurs inside the rubber tape-shaped sheet, and a rubber tape-shaped sheet with high elongation, excellent mechanical properties and good interface performance is prepared. The high-strength rubber ribbon sheet effectively solves the problem that winding tension cannot be applied due to low mechanical properties, and less gas is released during the subsequent co-curing process, which has less impact on product performance. (3) The prepared ultra-thin rubber tape sheet can be freely wound in the hoop and hand directions like fibers, and the thickness of the overlap between the tapes can be ignored, which effectively solves the overhead structural defect at the head. (4) Through the formula design and regulation of the resin system, the synchronous curing reaction of the rubber tape sheet and the filament wound composite layer is realized at a lower co-curing temperature, and the stress field, Matching of strain field and thermal field. The production and preparation process is optimized, and the bonding performance between the rubber layer and the composite layer is improved. (5) By optimizing the winding parameters such as winding angle, winding tension, and winding line type, a high degree of matching between the dense layup structure of the long fiber composite material layer and the effective tension structure of the rubber layer is achieved.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法示意图Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a technology method for the integrated continuous winding of high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet and long-fiber composite material

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面用实施例对本发明的实施方式进一步说明,但本发明不限于这些实施例。Embodiments of the present invention are further described below with examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

1)材料制备工艺:1) Material preparation process:

a)预处理芳纶浆粕的制备:将液态主体橡胶100份,填料纳米二氧化硅20-40份,硫化剂5-30份,促进剂5-15份,酚醛环氧树脂10-30份混炼,然后再与溶剂甲苯以质量比1:10-15混合置于反应容器中高速搅拌溶解,搅拌速度为800-1000r/min,时间为10-15h。然后加入芳纶浆粕,设置温度为50-60℃,继续搅拌1-2h,即可得到被主体橡胶包覆的芳纶浆粕。所述的液态主体橡胶100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为0-10。a) Preparation of pretreated aramid pulp: 100 parts of liquid main rubber, 20-40 parts of filler nano-silica, 5-30 parts of vulcanizing agent, 5-15 parts of accelerator, and 10-30 parts of phenolic epoxy resin Mixing, and then mixed with solvent toluene in a mass ratio of 1:10-15 and placed in a reaction vessel for high-speed stirring and dissolving. The stirring speed is 800-1000r/min and the time is 10-15h. Then add the aramid fiber pulp, set the temperature to 50-60 ℃, continue stirring for 1-2 hours, and then the aramid fiber pulp covered by the main body rubber can be obtained. The raw rubber Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 at 100° C. of the liquid main rubber is 0-10.

b)橡胶带状片材的制备:(1)将固态主体橡胶50-80份、硫化体系10-30份、预处理过的芳纶浆粕5-10份、酚醛环氧树脂10-15份、羧基丁腈橡胶10-20份、氯磺化聚乙烯10-20份、防老剂1-5份在密炼机中混合均匀,然后将混合好的胶料置于开炼机中混炼,得到分散均匀未硫化的橡胶坯料。其中酚醛环氧树脂的环氧当量为142.9-200.0g/eq;羧基丁腈橡胶的丙烯腈含量为20-40%,100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为20-50,羧基含量为0.5-1.5%。固态主体橡胶的碘值优选为10-20mg/100mg,丙烯质量百分含量为20-40%,100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为50-75。(2)将混合好的胶料放置于三辊精密压延机中挤出,其中辊筒速比为,上:中=1:1-1.1,中:下=1:1-1.2;辊温为,上辊70-80℃,中辊为80-95℃,下辊为70-80℃;辊距为:上中辊距为0.1-0.4mm,中下辊间距为0.1-0.3mm,压延挤出后由5-15N的张力牵伸至收卷辊与玻璃膜一起收卷。按照以上压延参数可制得厚度为0.1-0.3mm的超薄橡胶带状片材;(3)将(2)中得到的超薄橡胶带状片材置于硫化机中预硫化,其中硫化温度为160-180℃,硫化压力为1-2MPa,硫化时间为0.5-2h,硫化度为60-70%,按照以上硫化参数进行硫化可以得到能够承受的张力为20-50N的高强超薄橡胶带状片材。(4)将(3)中制备的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材置于高精度分切加工机床上进行分切裁剪,其中辊刀的间距为15-20mm,辊刀分切偏转角为10-30°,辊速为30-50m/min,裁剪后经过10-20N的张力牵伸至收卷辊,由两个收卷辊与分别收集,最终获得宽度为15-20mm,厚度为0.1-0.3mm,能够承受20-50N张力的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材。b) Preparation of rubber tape sheet: (1) 50-80 parts of solid main rubber, 10-30 parts of vulcanization system, 5-10 parts of pretreated aramid pulp, and 10-15 parts of phenolic epoxy resin , 10-20 parts of carboxylated nitrile rubber, 10-20 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and 1-5 parts of anti-aging agent are mixed evenly in an internal mixer, and then the mixed rubber is mixed in an open mixer, A uniformly dispersed unvulcanized rubber blank is obtained. Among them, the epoxy equivalent of phenolic epoxy resin is 142.9-200.0g /eq; the acrylonitrile content of carboxyl nitrile rubber is 20-40%; The content is 0.5-1.5%. The iodine value of the solid main rubber is preferably 10-20 mg/100 mg, the mass percentage of propylene is 20-40%, and the Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 of the raw rubber at 100° C. is 50-75. (2) Place the mixed rubber compound in a three-roll precision calender for extrusion, wherein the roller speed ratio is, upper: middle=1:1-1.1, middle: lower=1:1-1.2; roller temperature is , the upper roller is 70-80°C, the middle roller is 80-95°C, and the lower roller is 70-80°C; the roller distance is: the upper and middle rollers are 0.1-0.4mm, and the middle and lower rollers are 0.1-0.3mm. After it is drawn out, it is drawn by the tension of 5-15N to the winding roller and is wound together with the glass film. According to the above calendering parameters, an ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm can be obtained; (3) the ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet obtained in (2) is placed in a vulcanizer for pre-vulcanization, wherein the curing temperature The temperature is 160-180℃, the vulcanization pressure is 1-2MPa, the vulcanization time is 0.5-2h, and the vulcanization degree is 60-70%. According to the above vulcanization parameters, a high-strength ultra-thin rubber belt with a tensile force of 20-50N can be obtained. sheet. (4) The high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet prepared in (3) is placed on a high-precision slitting machine for slitting and cutting, wherein the distance between the rollers is 15-20mm, and the slitting deflection angle of the rollers is 10-30°, the roller speed is 30-50m/min, after cutting, it is drawn to the winding roller with a tension of 10-20N, and collected by two winding rollers and respectively, and finally the width is 15-20mm and the thickness is 0.1 -0.3mm, high-strength ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet capable of withstanding 20-50N tension.

c)长纤维复合材料树脂体系的配制:将多官能度环氧树脂三聚氰酸环氧树脂(环氧值175.8-200.0g/eq)、海因类环氧树脂(环氧值135.1-142.9g/eq)、酚醛改性环氧树脂(环氧当量142.9-200.0g/eq)、固化剂为甲基纳迪克酸酐、稀释剂为乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(环氧当量为143-167g/eq)、促进剂2,4,6-三(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚。按照多官能度环氧树脂50-60份,酚醛改性环氧树脂10-20份,固化剂30-40份,稀释剂30-40份置于反应容器中高速搅拌混合,温度为30-50℃,搅拌速度600-1000r/min,时间为5-15min,之后将树脂混合物倒入浸胶槽。c) Preparation of long-fiber composite resin system: multifunctional epoxy resin cyanuric acid epoxy resin (epoxy value 175.8-200.0g/eq), hydantoin epoxy resin (epoxy value 135.1-142.9) g/eq), phenolic modified epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 142.9-200.0g/eq), curing agent is methyl nadic anhydride, diluent is ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent is 143-167g) /eq), accelerator 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol. According to 50-60 parts of multifunctional epoxy resin, 10-20 parts of phenolic modified epoxy resin, 30-40 parts of curing agent, and 30-40 parts of diluent, they are placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and mixing, and the temperature is 30-50 ℃, the stirring speed is 600-1000r/min, the time is 5-15min, and then the resin mixture is poured into the dipping tank.

2)缠绕及固化工艺:2) Winding and curing process:

a)橡胶缠绕层的制备:在缠绕机头处配置电热吹风,加热橡胶带状片材温度保持在35-60℃。以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方法将高强度超薄连续橡胶带状片材缠绕到芯模上。(1)环向缠绕:缠绕的角度为70-90°,缠绕张力在25-40N之间,每缠绕1层张力减1-5N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min;(2)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为50-70°,缠绕张力为25-30N,每缠绕1层张力递减1-5N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min。环向缠绕层数为1-2层,旋向缠绕层数为2-3层,旋向缠绕的线型为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为1-3。缠绕完成后得到橡胶的有效张紧缠绕结构。a) Preparation of the rubber winding layer: an electric heating blower is arranged at the winding head, and the temperature of the heated rubber strip sheet is kept at 35-60°C. The high-strength ultra-thin continuous rubber strip-shaped sheet is wound onto the mandrel by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. (1) Circumferential winding: the winding angle is 70-90°, the winding tension is between 25-40N, the tension is reduced by 1-5N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 0-5m/min; (2) Rotational winding : The winding angle is 50-70°, the winding tension is 25-30N, the tension decreases by 1-5N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 0-5m/min. The number of hoop winding layers is 1-2 layers, the number of hand winding layers is 2-3 layers. After the winding is completed, an effective tension winding structure of the rubber is obtained.

b)长纤维复合材料层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方式将浸润树脂的长纤维缠绕到步骤a)中制备的橡胶带状片材缠绕层的表面上:(1)内层环向缠绕:其中第一层环向缠绕角度为80-90°,缠绕张力为20-40N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,内层环向缠绕为2-3层;(2)中间层旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为30-50°,缠绕张力为15-30N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,中间旋向缠绕为3-5层,第一层旋向缠绕的缠绕线型为多切点铺层线型,交叉点为3-6,随后改变线型,保持交叉点为2-3;(2)外层环向缠绕:在旋向缠绕层上再以环向缠绕的方式将浸润树脂的长纤维缠绕在旋向缠绕层上:缠绕角度为60-70°,缠绕张力为5-20N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,外层环向缠绕2-3层;按照上述缠绕工艺缠绕完成后即可得到橡胶带状片材缠绕层和长纤维复合材料层组成的回转体结构。b) Preparation of the long-fiber composite material layer: winding the resin-impregnated long fibers on the surface of the rubber tape-like sheet winding layer prepared in step a) by a combination of hoop winding and hand winding: (1) Inner layer hoop winding: the first layer hoop winding angle is 80-90°, the winding tension is 20-40N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, and the inner layer hoop winding is 2-3 layers; (2 ) Winding in the middle layer: the winding angle is 30-50°, the winding tension is 15-30N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, the middle winding is 3-5 layers, and the first layer is wound in the handing direction. The line type is a multi-tangent layered line type, the intersection point is 3-6, and then the line type is changed to keep the intersection point at 2-3; (2) The outer layer is hoop winding: on the hand winding layer, the hoop The winding method is to wind the resin-impregnated long fibers on the spiral winding layer: the winding angle is 60-70°, the winding tension is 5-20N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, and the outer layer is circumferentially wound by 2-3 N. layer; after the winding is completed according to the above-mentioned winding process, a revolving body structure composed of a rubber strip-shaped sheet winding layer and a long-fiber composite material layer can be obtained.

c)共固化/硫化:将步骤b)中制得的缠绕回转体结构置于专用固化炉中,(1)设定温度为90-100℃,保温1-2h;(2)将温度设定为120-130℃,保温2-3h;(3)将温度设定为140-150℃,保温3-5h;(4)整个过程需要施加1-3MPa的压力。c) Co-curing/vulcanization: place the wound revolving body structure prepared in step b) in a special curing furnace, (1) set the temperature to 90-100°C, and keep it for 1-2 hours; (2) set the temperature to (3) Set the temperature to 140-150°C and keep the temperature for 3-5h; (4) The whole process needs to apply a pressure of 1-3MPa.

实施例及对比例制备的复合材料按照QJ 2038.2-1991的标准测试橡胶带状片材层与复合材料层间界面强度。The composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested for the interface strength between the rubber strip-shaped sheet layer and the composite material layer according to the standard of QJ 2038.2-1991.

实施例1:Example 1:

1)材料制备工艺:1) Material preparation process:

a)预处理芳纶浆粕的制备:将乙丙橡胶作为主体橡胶,将液态主体橡胶100份,填料纳米二氧化硅20份,硫化剂5份,促进剂5份,酚醛环氧树脂10份混炼,然后再与溶剂甲苯以质量比1:10混合置于反应容器中高速搅拌溶解,搅拌速度为800r/min,时间为10h。然后加入芳纶浆粕,设置温度为50℃,继续搅拌1h,即可得到被主体橡胶包覆的芳纶浆粕。所述的液态主体橡胶100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为2。a) Preparation of pretreated aramid pulp: using ethylene-propylene rubber as the main rubber, 100 parts of liquid main rubber, 20 parts of filler nano-silica, 5 parts of vulcanizing agent, 5 parts of accelerator, and 10 parts of phenolic epoxy resin Mixing, and then mixed with solvent toluene at a mass ratio of 1:10 and placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and dissolving, the stirring speed is 800r/min, and the time is 10h. Then add the aramid fiber pulp, set the temperature to 50°C, and continue to stir for 1 hour to obtain the aramid fiber pulp covered by the main body rubber. The raw rubber Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 at 100° C. of the liquid main rubber is 2.

b)橡胶带状片材的制备:(1)将固态主体橡胶50份、硫化体系10份、预处理过的芳纶浆粕5份、酚醛环氧树脂10份、羧基丁腈橡胶10-20份、氯磺化聚乙烯10份、防老剂1份在密炼机中混合均匀;(2)将混合好的胶料置于开炼机中混炼,得到分散均匀未硫化的橡胶坯料。将混合好的胶料放置于三辊精密压延机中挤出,其中辊筒速比为,上:中=1:1,中:下=1:1,中辊速度为40m/min;辊温为,上辊70℃,中辊为80℃,下辊为70℃;辊距为:上中辊距为0.1mm,中下辊间距为0.1mm,压延挤出后由5N的张力牵伸至收卷辊与玻璃膜一起收卷。按照以上压延参数可制得厚度为0.1mm的超薄橡胶带状片材;(3)将(2)中得到的超薄橡胶带状片材置于硫化机中预硫化,硫化压力为1MPa,硫化温度为160℃,硫化时间为0.5h,硫化度为60%。(4)将(3)中制备的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材置于高精度分切加工机床上进行分切裁剪,其中辊刀的间距为15mm,辊刀分切偏转角为10°,辊速为30m/min,裁剪后经过10N的张力牵伸至收卷辊,由两个收卷辊与分别收集,最终获得宽度为15mm,厚度为0.1mm,能够承受20N张力的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材。b) Preparation of rubber tape sheet: (1) 50 parts of solid main rubber, 10 parts of vulcanization system, 5 parts of pretreated aramid pulp, 10 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, and 10-20 parts of carboxylated nitrile rubber 10 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and 1 part of anti-aging agent are mixed evenly in an internal mixer; (2) the mixed rubber is placed in an open mixer and kneaded to obtain a uniformly dispersed unvulcanized rubber blank. The mixed rubber is placed in a three-roll precision calender and extruded, wherein the roller speed ratio is, upper: middle=1:1, middle: lower=1:1, and the speed of the middle roller is 40m/min; The upper roller is 70°C, the middle roller is 80°C, and the lower roller is 70°C; the roller distance is: the upper and middle rollers are 0.1mm, and the middle and lower rollers are 0.1mm. After calendering and extrusion, the tension is drawn to The take-up roll is taken up together with the glass film. According to the above calendering parameters, an ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet with a thickness of 0.1 mm can be obtained; (3) the ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet obtained in (2) is placed in a vulcanizer for pre-vulcanization, and the vulcanization pressure is 1MPa, The vulcanization temperature is 160℃, the vulcanization time is 0.5h, and the vulcanization degree is 60%. (4) The high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip sheet prepared in (3) is placed on a high-precision slitting machine tool for slitting and cutting, wherein the distance between the roller blades is 15mm, and the slitting deflection angle of the roller blade is 10° , the roll speed is 30m/min, after cutting, it is drawn to the winding roll with a tension of 10N, and collected by two winding rolls and respectively, and finally a high-strength ultra-high-strength ultra-high-strength ultra Thin rubber ribbon sheet.

c)长纤维复合材料树脂体系的配制:将多官能度环氧树脂三聚氰酸环氧树脂(环氧值175.8g/eq)、酚醛改性环氧树脂(环氧当量142.9g/eq)、固化剂为甲基纳迪克酸酐、稀释剂为乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(环氧当量为143g/eq)、促进剂2,4,6-三(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚按照多官能度环氧树脂50份,酚醛改性环氧树脂10份,固化剂30份,稀释剂30份置于反应容器中高速搅拌混合,温度为30℃,搅拌速度600r/min,时间为5min,之后将树脂混合物倒入浸胶槽。c) Preparation of long-fiber composite resin system: multifunctional epoxy resin cyanuric acid epoxy resin (epoxy value 175.8g/eq), phenolic modified epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 142.9g/eq) , the curing agent is methyl nadic anhydride, the diluent is ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent is 143g/eq), and the accelerator 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol 50 parts of functional epoxy resin, 10 parts of phenolic modified epoxy resin, 30 parts of curing agent, and 30 parts of diluent are placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and mixing, the temperature is 30°C, the stirring speed is 600r/min, and the time is 5min. The resin mixture is then poured into the dip tank.

2)缠绕及固化工艺:2) Winding and curing process:

a)橡胶缠绕层的制备:在缠绕机头处配置电热吹风,加热橡胶带状片材温度设定为35℃。以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方法将高强度超薄连续橡胶带状片材缠绕到芯模上。a)环向缠绕:缠绕的角度为70°,缠绕张力为25N,每缠绕1层张力减1N,缠绕速率为1m/min,缠绕1层。b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为50°,缠绕张力为24N,每缠绕1层张力递减1N,缠绕速率为1m/min,缠绕2层,旋向缠绕的线型为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为1。缠绕完成后得到橡胶的有效张紧缠绕结构。a) Preparation of the rubber winding layer: an electric heating blower is arranged at the winding head, and the temperature of the heating rubber strip sheet is set to 35°C. The high-strength ultra-thin continuous rubber strip-shaped sheet is wound onto the mandrel by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. a) Hoop winding: the winding angle is 70°, the winding tension is 25N, the tension is reduced by 1N for each winding layer, the winding speed is 1m/min, and one layer is wound. b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 50°, the winding tension is 24N, the tension decreases by 1N for each winding layer, the winding rate is 1m/min, and the winding is 2 layers. The intersection point on the outside of both ends of the mandrel is 1. After the winding is completed, an effective tension winding structure of the rubber is obtained.

b)长纤维复合材料层的制备:所述长纤维优选碳纤维。以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方式将浸润了树脂的碳纤维缠绕到步骤2)中制备的橡胶缠绕层的表面上。a)环向缠绕:其中第一层环向缠绕角度为80°,缠绕张力为22N,每缠绕1层张力递减2N。缠绕2层。b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为30°,缠绕张力为18N,每缠绕1层张力递减2N,缠绕2层。第一层旋向缠绕采用多切点铺层线型,交叉点为3。第二层缠绕线型交叉点为2。c)在旋向缠绕层上再以环向缠绕的方式将浸润了树脂的碳纤维缠绕在旋向缠绕层上:缠绕角度为60°,缠绕张力为12N,每缠绕1层张力递减2N,缠绕2层,缠绕完成后得到碳纤维复合材料的致密铺层缠绕结构。b) Preparation of long fiber composite material layer: the long fibers are preferably carbon fibers. The resin-impregnated carbon fibers are wound onto the surface of the rubber wound layer prepared in step 2) by a combination of hoop winding and hand winding. a) Hoop winding: The hoop winding angle of the first layer is 80°, the winding tension is 22N, and the tension decreases by 2N for each winding layer. Wrap 2 layers. b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 30°, the winding tension is 18N, the tension decreases by 2N every time one layer is wound, and two layers are wound. The first layer of handed winding adopts multi-tangent point layup line type, and the intersection point is 3. The intersection point of the second layer winding line type is 2. c) Wind the carbon fiber soaked with resin on the spiral winding layer in a hoop winding manner: the winding angle is 60°, the winding tension is 12N, the tension decreases by 2N for each winding layer, and the winding 2 After the winding is completed, a dense layered winding structure of the carbon fiber composite material is obtained.

c)共固化/硫化:将步骤2)中制得的缠绕回转体结构置于专用固化炉中,a):设定温度为90℃,保温1h;b):将温度设定为120℃,保温2h;c):将温度设定为140℃,保温3h;d):整个过程需要施加1MPa的压力。c) Co-curing/vulcanization: place the wound gyratory structure prepared in step 2) in a special curing furnace, a): set the temperature to 90°C, and keep it for 1 h; b): set the temperature to 120°C, Incubate for 2h; c): Set the temperature to 140°C and keep for 3h; d): The whole process needs to apply a pressure of 1MPa.

按照QJ 2038.2-1991的标准测试橡胶带状片材层与复合材料层间界面强度。经过测试,界面强度为8.5MPa。According to the standard of QJ 2038.2-1991, the interface strength between the rubber tape sheet layer and the composite material layer is tested. After testing, the interface strength is 8.5MPa.

对比例1Comparative Example 1

将高强度超薄橡胶的主体橡胶换为丁腈橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶、氯醇橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶,其他保持不变。界面强度测试结果分别为8.2,8.3,8.5,8.0MPa,说明主体橡胶成分对界面测试结果造成较小影响,该方法有较好的适用性。The main rubber of the high-strength ultra-thin rubber is replaced with nitrile rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, and acrylate rubber, and the others remain unchanged. The test results of the interface strength are 8.2, 8.3, 8.5, and 8.0MPa, respectively, indicating that the main rubber component has little influence on the interface test results, and the method has good applicability.

实施例2Example 2

1)材料制备工艺:1) Material preparation process:

a)预处理芳纶浆粕的制备:将丁基橡胶作为主体橡胶,将液态主体橡胶100份,填料纳米二氧化硅30份,硫化剂20份,促进剂10份,酚醛环氧树脂20份混炼,然后再与溶剂甲苯以质量比1:13混合置于反应容器中高速搅拌溶解,搅拌速度为900r/min,时间为13h。然后加入芳纶浆粕,设置温度为55℃,继续搅拌1.5h,即可得到被主体橡胶包覆的芳纶浆粕。所述的液态主体橡胶100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为5。a) Preparation of pretreated aramid pulp: using butyl rubber as the main rubber, 100 parts of liquid main rubber, 30 parts of filler nano-silica, 20 parts of vulcanizing agent, 10 parts of accelerator, and 20 parts of phenolic epoxy resin Mixing, and then mixed with solvent toluene at a mass ratio of 1:13 and placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and dissolving, the stirring speed is 900r/min, and the time is 13h. Then add the aramid fiber pulp, set the temperature to 55°C, and continue to stir for 1.5 hours to obtain the aramid fiber pulp covered by the main body rubber. The raw rubber Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 at 100° C. of the liquid main rubber is 5.

b)橡胶带状片材的制备:(1)将固态主体橡胶65份、硫化体系20份、预处理过的芳纶浆粕7份、酚醛环氧树脂12份、羧基丁腈橡胶15份、氯磺化聚乙烯15份、防老剂1-5份在密炼机中混合均匀;(2)将混合好的胶料置于开炼机中混炼,得到分散均匀未硫化的橡胶坯料。将混合好的胶料放置于三辊精密压延机中挤出,其中辊筒速比为,上:中=1:1.05,中:下=1:1.1;辊温为,上辊75℃,中辊为88℃,下辊为75℃;辊距为:上中辊距为0.2mm,中下辊间距为0.2mm,压延挤出后由10N的张力牵伸至收卷辊与玻璃膜一起收卷。按照以上压延参数可制得厚度为0.25mm的超薄橡胶带状片材;(3)将(2)中得到的超薄橡胶带状片材置于硫化机中预硫化,其中硫化温度为170℃,硫化压力为1.5MPa,硫化时间为1.25h,硫化度为65%,按照以上硫化参数进行硫化可以得到能够承受的张力为35N的高强超薄橡胶带状片材。(4)将(3)中制备的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材置于高精度分切加工机床上进行分切裁剪,其中辊刀的间距为17.25mm,辊刀分切偏转角为20°,辊速为40m/min,裁剪后经过15N的张力牵伸至收卷辊,由两个收卷辊与分别收集,最终获得宽度为17mm,厚度为0.2mm,能够承受35N张力的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材。b) Preparation of rubber tape sheet: (1) 65 parts of solid main rubber, 20 parts of vulcanization system, 7 parts of pretreated aramid pulp, 12 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 15 parts of carboxylated nitrile rubber, 15 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene and 1-5 parts of antioxidant are mixed evenly in an internal mixer; (2) the mixed rubber is placed in an open mixer and mixed to obtain a uniformly dispersed unvulcanized rubber blank. The mixed rubber is placed in a three-roll precision calender and extruded, wherein the roller speed ratio is, upper: middle=1:1.05, middle: lower=1:1.1; The roller is 88°C, and the lower roller is 75°C; the roller distance is: the upper and middle rollers are 0.2mm, and the middle and lower rollers are 0.2mm. roll. According to the above calendering parameters, an ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet with a thickness of 0.25 mm can be obtained; (3) the ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet obtained in (2) is placed in a vulcanizer for pre-vulcanization, wherein the curing temperature is 170 ℃, the vulcanization pressure is 1.5MPa, the vulcanization time is 1.25h, and the vulcanization degree is 65%. According to the above vulcanization parameters, a high-strength and ultra-thin rubber strip sheet with a tensile force of 35N can be obtained. (4) The high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet prepared in (3) is placed on a high-precision slitting machine tool for slitting and cutting, wherein the distance between the roller blades is 17.25mm, and the slitting deflection angle of the roller blade is 20 °, the roll speed is 40m/min, after cutting, it is drawn to the winding roll with a tension of 15N, collected by two winding rolls and respectively, and finally a high strength with a width of 17mm and a thickness of 0.2mm, which can withstand a tension of 35N is obtained. Ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet.

c)长纤维复合材料树脂体系的配制:将多官能度环氧树脂:海因类环氧树脂(环氧值139.2g/eq)、酚醛改性环氧树脂(环氧当量160.5g/eq)、固化剂为甲基纳迪克酸酐、稀释剂为乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(环氧当量为155.0g/eq)、促进剂2,4,6-三(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚。按照多官能度环氧树脂55份,酚醛改性环氧树脂15份,固化剂35份,稀释剂35份置于反应容器中高速搅拌混合,温度为40℃,搅拌速度800r/min,时间为10min,之后将树脂混合物倒入浸胶槽。c) Preparation of long fiber composite resin system: the multifunctional epoxy resin: hydantoin epoxy resin (epoxy value 139.2g/eq), phenolic modified epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 160.5g/eq) , The curing agent is methyl nadic anhydride, the diluent is ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent is 155.0g/eq), and the accelerator 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol. According to 55 parts of multifunctional epoxy resin, 15 parts of phenolic modified epoxy resin, 35 parts of curing agent, and 35 parts of diluent, they were placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and mixing. The temperature was 40 °C, the stirring speed was 800 r/min, and the time was 10min, after which the resin mixture was poured into the dipping tank.

2)缠绕及固化工艺:2) Winding and curing process:

a)橡胶缠绕层的制备:在缠绕机头处配置电热吹风,加热橡胶带状片材温度保持在50℃。以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方法将高强度超薄连续橡胶带状片材缠绕到芯模上。a)环向缠绕:缠绕的角度为80°,缠绕张力为35N,每缠绕1层张力减2N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min;b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为60°,缠绕张力为33N,每缠绕1层张力递减2N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min。环向缠绕层数为1层,旋向缠绕层数为2层,旋向缠绕的线型为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为2。缠绕完成后得到橡胶的有效张紧缠绕结构。a) Preparation of the rubber winding layer: an electric heating blower is arranged at the winding head, and the temperature of the heated rubber strip sheet is kept at 50°C. The high-strength ultra-thin continuous rubber strip-shaped sheet is wound onto the mandrel by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. a) Hoop winding: the winding angle is 80°, the winding tension is 35N, the tension is reduced by 2N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 0-5m/min; b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 60°, and the winding tension is 33N, the tension decreases by 2N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 0-5m/min. The number of hoop winding layers is 1, the number of hand winding layers is 2, and the line type of the hand winding is that the cross points of the long fibers of the hand winding on the outside of both ends of the core mold are 2. After the winding is completed, an effective tension winding structure of the rubber is obtained.

b)长纤维复合材料层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方式将浸润了树脂的碳纤维缠绕到步骤2)中制备的橡胶缠绕层的表面上。a)环向缠绕:其中第一层环向缠绕角度为85°,缠绕张力为29N,每缠绕1层张力递减3N。b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为40°,缠绕张力为23N,每缠绕1层张力递减3N。c)在旋向缠绕层上再以环向缠绕的方式将浸润了树脂的长纤维缠绕在旋向缠绕层上:缠绕角度为65°,缠绕张力为14N,每缠绕1层张力递减3N,缠绕完成后得到长纤维复合材料的致密铺层缠绕结构。环向缠绕层为2层。中间旋向缠绕层为3层,首层旋向缠绕的缠绕线型为多切点铺层线型,交叉点为5,随后每缠绕一层改变线型,交叉点为2。最后在旋向层上的筒身段环向缠绕2层加固。b) Preparation of long-fiber composite material layer: The resin-impregnated carbon fibers are wound on the surface of the rubber wound layer prepared in step 2) by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. a) Hoop winding: the hoop winding angle of the first layer is 85°, the winding tension is 29N, and the tension decreases by 3N for each winding layer. b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 40°, the winding tension is 23N, and the tension decreases by 3N for each winding layer. c) Wind the resin-impregnated long fibers on the hand winding layer in a hoop winding manner: the winding angle is 65°, the winding tension is 14N, the tension decreases by 3N for each winding layer, and the winding After completion, a densely layered winding structure of the long-fiber composite material is obtained. The hoop winding layer is 2 layers. The middle hand winding layer is 3 layers, the winding line type of the first layer hand winding is a multi-cut point layup line type, the intersection point is 5, and then the line type is changed for each winding layer, and the intersection point is 2. Finally, the barrel section on the rotational layer is circumferentially wound with 2 layers for reinforcement.

c)共固化/硫化:将步骤2)中制得的缠绕回转体结构置于专用固化炉中,a):设定温度为95℃,保温1.5h;b):将温度设定为125℃,保温2.5h;c):将温度设定为142.5℃,保温4h;d):整个过程需要施加2MPa的压力。c) Co-curing/vulcanization: place the wound revolving body structure prepared in step 2) in a special curing furnace, a): set the temperature to 95°C and keep the temperature for 1.5h; b): set the temperature to 125°C , heat preservation for 2.5h; c): set the temperature to 142.5 ℃, heat preservation for 4h; d): the whole process needs to apply a pressure of 2MPa.

实施例及对比例制备的复合材料按照QJ 2038.2-1991的标准测试橡胶带状片材层与复合材料层间界面强度。经过测试,界面强度为8.8MPa。The composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested for the interface strength between the rubber strip-shaped sheet layer and the composite material layer according to the standard of QJ 2038.2-1991. After testing, the interface strength is 8.8MPa.

对比例2Comparative Example 2

将长纤维换为玻璃纤维、石英纤维、芳纶纤维,其他条件保持不变。界面强度测试结果分别为8.6,8.1,8.8MPa,说明长纤维的类型对界面测试结果造成较小影响,该方法有较好的适用性。Change long fibers to glass fibers, quartz fibers, aramid fibers, other conditions remain the same. The interfacial strength test results are 8.6, 8.1, and 8.8MPa, respectively, indicating that the type of long fibers has little influence on the interfacial test results, and the method has good applicability.

实施例3Example 3

1)材料制备工艺:1) Material preparation process:

a)预处理芳纶浆粕的制备:将丁基橡胶作为主体橡胶,将液态主体橡胶100份,填料纳米二氧化硅40份,硫化剂30份,促进剂15份,酚醛环氧树脂30份混炼,然后再与溶剂甲苯以质量比1:15混合置于反应容器中高速搅拌溶解,搅拌速度为1000r/min,时间为15h。然后加入芳纶浆粕,设置温度为60℃,继续搅拌2h,即可得到被主体橡胶包覆的芳纶浆粕。所述的液态主体橡胶100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为10。a) Preparation of pretreated aramid pulp: using butyl rubber as the main rubber, 100 parts of liquid main rubber, 40 parts of filler nano-silica, 30 parts of vulcanizing agent, 15 parts of accelerator, and 30 parts of phenolic epoxy resin Mixing, and then mixed with solvent toluene at a mass ratio of 1:15 and placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and dissolving, the stirring speed is 1000r/min, and the time is 15h. Then add the aramid fiber pulp, set the temperature to 60°C, and continue to stir for 2 hours to obtain the aramid fiber pulp covered by the main rubber. The raw rubber Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 at 100° C. of the liquid main rubber is 10.

b)橡胶带状片材的制备:(1)将固态主体橡胶80份、硫化体系30份、预处理过的芳纶浆粕10份、酚醛环氧树脂15份、羧基丁腈橡胶20份、氯磺化聚乙烯20份、防老剂5份在密炼机中混合均匀;(2)将混合好的胶料放置于三辊精密压延机中挤出,其中辊筒速比为,上:中=1:1.1,中:下=1:1.2;辊温为,上辊80℃,中辊为80℃,下辊为80℃;辊距为:上中辊距为0.3mm,中下辊间距为0.2mm,压延挤出后由10N的张力牵伸至收卷辊与玻璃膜一起收卷。按照以上压延参数可制得厚度为0.2mm的超薄橡胶带状片材;(3)将(2)中得到的超薄橡胶带状片材置于硫化机中预硫化,其中硫化温度为180℃,硫化压力为1.5MPa,硫化时间为2h,硫化度为70%,按照以上硫化参数进行硫化可以得到能够承受的张力为40N的高强超薄橡胶带状片材。(4)将(3)中制备的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材置于高精度分切加工机床上进行分切裁剪,其中辊刀的间距为20mm,辊刀分切偏转角为10°,辊速为40m/min,裁剪后经过10N的张力牵伸至收卷辊,由两个收卷辊与分别收集,最终获得宽度为20mm,厚度为0.2mm,能够承受40N张力的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材。b) Preparation of rubber tape sheet: (1) 80 parts of solid main rubber, 30 parts of vulcanization system, 10 parts of pretreated aramid pulp, 15 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 20 parts of carboxylated nitrile rubber, 20 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene and 5 parts of anti-aging agent are mixed evenly in an internal mixer; (2) the mixed rubber is placed in a three-roll precision calender and extruded, wherein the roller speed ratio is, top: middle =1:1.1, middle:lower = 1:1.2; the roll temperature is 80°C for the upper roller, 80°C for the middle roller, and 80°C for the lower roller; the roller distance is: the upper and middle rollers are 0.3mm, and the middle and lower rollers are separated. It is 0.2mm, and after calendering and extrusion, it is drawn by the tension of 10N to the winding roller and wound together with the glass film. According to the above calendering parameters, an ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm can be obtained; (3) the ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet obtained in (2) is placed in a vulcanizer for pre-vulcanization, and the curing temperature is 180 ℃, the vulcanization pressure is 1.5MPa, the vulcanization time is 2h, and the vulcanization degree is 70%. According to the above vulcanization parameters, a high-strength and ultra-thin rubber strip sheet with a tensile force of 40N can be obtained. (4) The high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet prepared in (3) is placed on a high-precision slitting machine tool for slitting and cutting, wherein the distance between the roller blades is 20 mm, and the slitting deflection angle of the roller blades is 10°. , the roller speed is 40m/min, after cutting, it is drawn to the winding roller with a tension of 10N, and collected by two winding rollers and respectively, and finally a high-strength ultra-high-strength ultra Thin rubber ribbon sheet.

c)长纤维复合材料树脂体系的配制:将多官能度环氧树脂:三聚氰酸环氧树脂(环氧值200.0g/eq)、酚醛改性环氧树脂(环氧当量200.0g/eq)、固化剂为甲基纳迪克酸酐、稀释剂为乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(环氧当量为167g/eq)、促进剂2,4,6-三(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚按照多官能度环氧树脂60份,酚醛改性环氧树脂20份,固化剂40份,稀释剂40份置于反应容器中高速搅拌混合,温度为50℃,搅拌速度1000r/min,时间为15min,之后将树脂混合物倒入浸胶槽。c) Preparation of long fiber composite resin system: the multifunctional epoxy resin: cyanuric acid epoxy resin (epoxy value 200.0g/eq), phenolic modified epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 200.0g/eq) ), the curing agent is methyl nadic anhydride, the diluent is ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent is 167g/eq), and the accelerator 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol is 60 parts of multifunctional epoxy resin, 20 parts of phenolic modified epoxy resin, 40 parts of curing agent, and 40 parts of diluent are placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and mixing, the temperature is 50°C, the stirring speed is 1000r/min, and the time is 15min , then pour the resin mixture into the dip tank.

2)缠绕及固化工艺:2) Winding and curing process:

a)橡胶缠绕层的制备:在缠绕机头处配置电热吹风,加热橡胶带状片材温度保持在60℃。以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方法将高强度超薄连续橡胶带状片材缠绕到芯模上。a)环向缠绕:缠绕的角度为90°,缠绕张力为40N,每缠绕1层张力减5N,缠绕速率为5m/min;b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为70°,缠绕张力为30N,每缠绕1层张力递减5N,缠绕速率为5m/min。环向缠绕层数为2层,旋向缠绕层数为3层,旋向缠绕的线型为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为3。缠绕完成后得到橡胶的有效张紧缠绕结构。a) Preparation of rubber winding layer: an electric heating blower is arranged at the winding head, and the temperature of the heated rubber strip sheet is kept at 60°C. The high-strength ultra-thin continuous rubber strip-shaped sheet is wound onto the mandrel by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. a) Hoop winding: the winding angle is 90°, the winding tension is 40N, the tension is reduced by 5N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 5m/min; b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 70°, the winding tension is 30N, The tension decreases by 5N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 5m/min. The number of hoop winding layers is 2, the number of hand winding layers is 3, and the line type of the hand winding is that the cross points of the long fibers of the hand winding on the outside of both ends of the core mold are 3. After the winding is completed, an effective tension winding structure of the rubber is obtained.

b)长纤维复合材料层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方式将浸润了树脂的长纤维缠绕到步骤2)中制备的橡胶缠绕层的表面上。a)环向缠绕:其中第一层环向缠绕角度为90°,缠绕张力为40N,每缠绕1层张力递减4N。b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为50°,缠绕张力为28N,每缠绕1层张力递减4N。c)在旋向缠绕层上再以环向缠绕的方式将浸润了树脂的长纤维缠绕在旋向缠绕层上:缠绕角度为70°,缠绕张力为11N,每缠绕1层张力递减4N,缠绕完成后得到长纤维复合材料的致密铺层缠绕结构。环向缠绕层为3层。中间旋向缠绕层为5层,首层旋向缠绕的缠绕线型为多切点铺层线型,交叉点为6,随后每缠绕一层改变线型,交叉点为3。最后在旋向层上的筒身段环向缠绕3层加固。b) Preparation of long fiber composite material layer: The resin-impregnated long fibers are wound on the surface of the rubber wound layer prepared in step 2) by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. a) Hoop winding: the hoop winding angle of the first layer is 90°, the winding tension is 40N, and the tension decreases by 4N for each winding layer. b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 50°, the winding tension is 28N, and the tension decreases by 4N for each winding layer. c) Wind the resin-impregnated long fibers on the spiral winding layer in a hoop winding manner: the winding angle is 70°, the winding tension is 11N, and the tension decreases by 4N for each winding layer. After completion, a densely layered winding structure of the long-fiber composite material is obtained. The hoop winding layer is 3 layers. The middle hand winding layer is 5 layers, the winding line type of the first layer hand winding is a multi-cut point layup line type, the intersection point is 6, and then the line type is changed for each winding layer, and the intersection point is 3. Finally, the barrel section on the rotation layer is circumferentially wound with 3 layers for reinforcement.

c)共固化/硫化:将步骤2)中制得的缠绕回转体结构置于专用固化炉中,a)设定温度为100℃,保温2h;b)将温度设定为130℃,保温3h;c)将温度设定为150℃,保温5h;d)整个过程需要施加3MPa的压力。c) Co-curing/vulcanization: place the wound revolving body structure prepared in step 2) in a special curing furnace, a) set the temperature to 100°C and keep it for 2 hours; b) set the temperature to 130°C and keep it for 3 hours ; c) Set the temperature to 150 °C and keep it for 5 h; d) The whole process needs to apply a pressure of 3 MPa.

实施例及对比例制备的复合材料按照QJ 2038.2-1991的标准测试橡胶带状片材层与复合材料层间界面强度。经过测试,界面强度为8.3MPa。The composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested for the interface strength between the rubber strip-shaped sheet layer and the composite material layer according to the standard of QJ 2038.2-1991. After testing, the interface strength is 8.3MPa.

对比例3Comparative Example 3

在保证其他条件不变得情况下,仅改变缠绕张力为35N,不采取所述的逐层张力递减的方法缠绕。经过测试,界面强度为3.1MPa。结果表明缠绕过程中纤维挤压内层橡胶带状片材,使的橡胶带状片材缠绕层层变形严重,无法实现纤维的致密铺层结构和橡胶的有效张紧结构的匹配。Under the condition that other conditions are not changed, only the winding tension is changed to 35N, and the method of decreasing the tension layer by layer is not adopted. After testing, the interface strength is 3.1MPa. The results show that during the winding process, the fibers squeeze the inner rubber ribbon sheet, so that the winding layer of the rubber ribbon sheet is seriously deformed.

实施例4Example 4

1)材料制备工艺:1) Material preparation process:

a)预处理芳纶浆粕的制备:将液态主体橡胶100份,填料纳米二氧化硅25份,硫化剂10份,促进剂8份,酚醛环氧树脂15份混炼,然后再与溶剂甲苯以质量比1:10混合置于反应容器中高速搅拌溶解,搅拌速度为850r/min,时间为13h。然后加入芳纶浆粕,设置温度为60℃,继续搅拌1h,即可得到被主体橡胶包覆的芳纶浆粕。所述的液态主体橡胶100℃下的生胶门尼黏度ML1+4为7。a) Preparation of pretreated aramid pulp: Mix 100 parts of liquid main rubber, 25 parts of filler nano-silica, 10 parts of vulcanizing agent, 8 parts of accelerator, 15 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, and then mixed with solvent toluene The mixture was mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 and placed in a reaction vessel for high-speed stirring and dissolving. The stirring speed was 850r/min and the time was 13h. Then add the aramid fiber pulp, set the temperature to 60°C, and continue to stir for 1 h to obtain the aramid fiber pulp covered by the main body rubber. The raw rubber Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 at 100° C. of the liquid main rubber is 7.

b)橡胶带状片材的制备:(1)将固态主体橡胶60份、硫化体系15份、预处理过的芳纶浆粕6份、酚醛环氧树脂13份、羧基丁腈橡胶16份、氯磺化聚乙烯12份、防老剂3份在密炼机中混合均匀;(2)将混合好的胶料放置于三辊精密压延机中挤出,其中辊筒速比为,上:中=1:1.1,中:下=1:1.2;辊温为,上辊80℃,中辊为95℃,下辊为80℃;辊距为:上中辊距为0.4mm,中下辊间距为0.3mm,压延挤出后由15N的张力牵伸至收卷辊与玻璃膜一起收卷。按照以上压延参数可制得厚度为0.3mm的超薄橡胶带状片材;(3)将(2)中得到的超薄橡胶带状片材置于硫化机中预硫化,其中硫化温度为180℃,硫化压力为2MPa,硫化时间为2h,硫化度为70%,按照以上硫化参数进行硫化可以得到能够承受的张力为50N的高强超薄橡胶带状片材。(4)将(3)中制备的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材置于高精度分切加工机床上进行分切裁剪,其中辊刀的间距为20mm,辊刀分切偏转角为0°,辊速为50m/min,裁剪后经过20N的张力牵伸至收卷辊,由两个收卷辊与分别收集,最终获得宽度为20mm,厚度为0.3mm,能够承受50N张力的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材。b) Preparation of rubber tape sheet: (1) 60 parts of solid main rubber, 15 parts of vulcanization system, 6 parts of pretreated aramid pulp, 13 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 16 parts of carboxylated nitrile rubber, 12 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene and 3 parts of anti-aging agent are mixed evenly in an internal mixer; (2) the mixed rubber is placed in a three-roll precision calender and extruded, wherein the roller speed ratio is, top: middle =1:1.1, middle:lower = 1:1.2; the roll temperature is 80°C for the upper roll, 95°C for the middle roll, and 80°C for the lower roll; the roll distance is: the upper and middle rolls are 0.4mm, and the middle and lower rolls are separated. It is 0.3mm, and after calendering and extrusion, it is drawn by the tension of 15N to the winding roller and wound together with the glass film. According to the above calendering parameters, an ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet with a thickness of 0.3 mm can be obtained; (3) the ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet obtained in (2) is placed in a vulcanizer for pre-vulcanization, wherein the curing temperature is 180 ℃, the vulcanization pressure is 2MPa, the vulcanization time is 2h, and the vulcanization degree is 70%. According to the above vulcanization parameters, a high-strength and ultra-thin rubber strip sheet with a tensile force of 50N can be obtained. (4) The high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip sheet prepared in (3) is placed on a high-precision slitting machine tool for slitting and cutting, wherein the distance between the roller knives is 20mm, and the slitting deflection angle of the roller knives is 0° , the roll speed is 50m/min, and after cutting, it is drawn to the winding roll with a tension of 20N, and collected by two winding rolls and respectively, and finally a high-strength ultra-high-strength ultra-high-strength ultra Thin rubber ribbon sheet.

c)长纤维复合材料树脂体系的配制:将多官能度环氧树脂:海因类环氧树脂(环氧值137.2g/eq)、酚醛改性环氧树脂(环氧当量162.4g/eq)、固化剂为甲基纳迪克酸酐、稀释剂为乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(环氧当量为156.1g/eq)、促进剂2,4,6-三(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚。按照多官能度环氧树脂55份,酚醛改性环氧树脂18份,固化剂32份,稀释剂36份置于反应容器中高速搅拌混合,温度为40℃,搅拌速度850r/min,时间为13min,之后将树脂混合物倒入浸胶槽。c) Preparation of long fiber composite resin system: the multifunctional epoxy resin: hydantoin epoxy resin (epoxy value 137.2g/eq), phenolic modified epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 162.4g/eq) , The curing agent is methyl nadic anhydride, the diluent is ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent is 156.1g/eq), and the accelerator 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol. According to 55 parts of multifunctional epoxy resin, 18 parts of phenolic modified epoxy resin, 32 parts of curing agent, and 36 parts of diluent, they were placed in a reaction vessel with high-speed stirring and mixing. The temperature was 40 °C, the stirring speed was 850 r/min, and the time was 13min, after which the resin mixture was poured into the dipping tank.

2)缠绕及固化工艺:2) Winding and curing process:

a)橡胶缠绕层的制备:在缠绕机头处配置电热吹风,加热橡胶带状片材温度保持在40℃。以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方法将高强度超薄连续橡胶带状片材缠绕到芯模上。a)环向缠绕:缠绕的角度为75°,缠绕张力在30N之间,每缠绕1层张力减2N,缠绕速率为5m/min;b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为55°,缠绕张力为28N,每缠绕1层张力递减2N,缠绕速率为5m/min。环向缠绕层数为2层,旋向缠绕层数为2层,旋向缠绕的线型为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为3。缠绕完成后得到橡胶的有效张紧缠绕结构。a) Preparation of rubber winding layer: an electric heating blower is arranged at the winding head, and the temperature of the heated rubber strip sheet is kept at 40°C. The high-strength ultra-thin continuous rubber strip-shaped sheet is wound onto the mandrel by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. a) Hoop winding: the winding angle is 75°, the winding tension is between 30N, the tension is reduced by 2N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 5m/min; b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 55°, and the winding tension is 28N, the tension decreases by 2N for each winding layer, and the winding speed is 5m/min. The number of hoop winding layers is 2, the number of hand winding layers is 2, and the line type of the hand winding is that the cross points of the long fibers of the hand winding on the outside of both ends of the core mold are 3. After the winding is completed, an effective tension winding structure of the rubber is obtained.

b)长纤维复合材料层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方式将浸润了树脂的长纤维缠绕到步骤2)中制备的橡胶缠绕层的表面上。a)环向缠绕:其中第一层环向缠绕角度为90°,缠绕张力为25N,每缠绕1层张力递减4N。b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为45°,缠绕张力为20N,每缠绕1层张力递减4N。c)在旋向缠绕层上再以环向缠绕的方式将浸润了树脂的长纤维缠绕在旋向缠绕层上:缠绕角度为70°,缠绕张力为15N,每缠绕1层张力递减4N,缠绕完成后得到长纤维复合材料的致密铺层缠绕结构。环向缠绕层为2层。中间旋向缠绕层为3层,首层旋向缠绕的缠绕线型为多切点铺层线型,交叉点为6,随后每缠绕一层改变线型,交叉点为2。最后在旋向层上的筒身段环向缠绕3层加固。b) Preparation of long fiber composite material layer: The resin-impregnated long fibers are wound on the surface of the rubber wound layer prepared in step 2) by a combination of hoop winding and helical winding. a) Hoop winding: the hoop winding angle of the first layer is 90°, the winding tension is 25N, and the tension decreases by 4N for each winding layer. b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 45°, the winding tension is 20N, and the tension decreases by 4N for each winding layer. c) Wind the resin-impregnated long fibers on the spiral winding layer in a hoop winding manner: the winding angle is 70°, the winding tension is 15N, and the tension decreases by 4N for each winding layer, and the winding After completion, a densely layered winding structure of the long-fiber composite material is obtained. The hoop winding layer is 2 layers. The middle hand winding layer is 3 layers, the winding line type of the first layer hand winding is a multi-cut point layup line type, the intersection point is 6, and then the line type is changed for each winding layer, and the intersection point is 2. Finally, the barrel section on the rotation layer is circumferentially wound with 3 layers for reinforcement.

c)共固化/硫化:将步骤2)中制得的缠绕回转体结构置于专用固化炉中,a):设定温度为90℃,保温2h;b):将温度设定为120℃,保温3h;c):将温度设定为140℃,保温3h;d):整个过程需要施加3MPa的压力。c) co-curing/vulcanization: place the wound gyratory structure prepared in step 2) in a special curing furnace, a): set the temperature to 90°C, and keep the temperature for 2h; b): set the temperature to 120°C, Incubate for 3h; c): set the temperature to 140°C and keep for 3h; d): the whole process needs to apply a pressure of 3MPa.

实施例及对比例制备的复合材料按照QJ 2038.2-1991的标准测试橡胶带状片材层与复合材料层间界面强度。经过测试,界面强度为8.4MPa。The composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested for the interface strength between the rubber strip-shaped sheet layer and the composite material layer according to the standard of QJ 2038.2-1991. After testing, the interface strength is 8.4MPa.

对比例4Comparative Example 4

将旋向缠绕线型统一设置为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为1,其他条件不变。结果表明,在缠绕过程中,橡胶层由于长纤维旋向交叉点较少,无法实现对橡胶层的固定,导致橡胶层受压不均匀,发生鼓包现象。The hand-wound line type is uniformly set so that the intersection point of the hand-wound long fibers on the outside of both ends of the mandrel is 1, and other conditions remain unchanged. The results show that during the winding process, the rubber layer cannot be fixed to the rubber layer due to the few cross points of the long fibers in the direction of rotation, resulting in uneven pressure on the rubber layer and bulging phenomenon.

Claims (6)

1.一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. a high-strength ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet material and a long-fiber composite material integrated continuous winding process technology method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1)高强度超薄橡胶带状片材的制备:混炼好的橡胶坯料依次经过精密压延挤出、带压预硫化和高精度分切加工三个步骤后,制备得到高强度超薄橡胶带状片材,具体过程包括:a)精密压延挤出:将混炼好的橡胶坯料以积胶压延法放入三辊精密压延机中挤出,其中辊筒速比为,上:中=1:1-1.1,中:下=1:1-1.2;辊温为,上辊70-80℃,中辊为80-95℃,下辊为70-80℃;辊距为:上中辊距为0.1-0.4mm,中下辊间距为0.1-0.3mm,压延挤出后由5-15N的张力牵伸至收卷辊与玻璃膜一起收卷;按照以上压延参数可制得厚度为0.1-0.3mm的超薄橡胶带状片材;b)预硫化:将a)中得到的超薄橡胶带状片材置于硫化机中预硫化,其中硫化温度为160-180℃,硫化压力为1-2MPa,硫化时间为0.5-2h,硫化度为60-70%,按照以上硫化参数进行硫化可以得到能够承受的张力为20-50N的高强超薄橡胶带状片材;c)将b)中制备的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材置于高精度分切加工机床上进行分切裁剪,其中辊刀的间距为15-20mm,辊刀分切偏转角为10-30°,辊速为30-50m/min,裁剪后经过10-20N的张力牵伸至收卷辊,由两个收卷辊与分别收集,最终获得宽度为15-20mm,厚度为0.1-0.3mm,能够承受20-50N张力的高强度超薄橡胶带状片材;1) Preparation of high-strength ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet: After the mixed rubber blank is sequentially subjected to three steps of precision calendering and extrusion, belt pressure pre-vulcanization and high-precision slitting processing, a high-strength ultra-thin rubber belt is prepared. The specific process includes: a) precision calendering and extrusion: put the mixed rubber blank into a three-roll precision calender by the glue calendering method and extrude, wherein the roller speed ratio is, top: middle=1 : 1-1.1, middle: lower = 1:1-1.2; the roll temperature is, the upper roll is 70-80 °C, the middle roll is 80-95 °C, and the lower roll is 70-80 °C; the roll distance is: the upper and middle roll distance It is 0.1-0.4mm, and the distance between the middle and lower rollers is 0.1-0.3mm. After calendering and extrusion, the tension is drawn from 5-15N to the winding roller and the glass film is wound together; according to the above calendering parameters, the thickness of 0.1- 0.3mm ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet; b) pre-vulcanization: place the ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet obtained in a) in a vulcanizer for pre-vulcanization, wherein the vulcanization temperature is 160-180 ° C, and the vulcanization pressure is 1 -2MPa, vulcanization time is 0.5-2h, vulcanization degree is 60-70%, and vulcanization according to the above vulcanization parameters can obtain a high-strength and ultra-thin rubber strip sheet with a tensile force of 20-50N; c) Put b) in The prepared high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip sheet is placed on a high-precision slitting machine for slitting and cutting, wherein the distance between the roller knives is 15-20 mm, the slitting deflection angle of the roller knives is 10-30°, and the roller speed is 30-50m/min, after cutting, it is drawn to the winding roller with a tension of 10-20N, and collected by two winding rollers and respectively, and finally the width is 15-20mm, the thickness is 0.1-0.3mm, can withstand 20- 50N tension high-strength ultra-thin rubber ribbon sheet; 2)橡胶带状片材缠绕层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方法将高强度超薄连续橡胶带状片材缠绕到芯模上,制备得到橡胶带状片材缠绕层,具体过程包括:a)环向缠绕:缠绕的角度为70-90°,缠绕张力在25-40N之间,每缠绕1层张力减1-5N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min,缠绕层数为1-2层;b)旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为50-70°,缠绕张力为25-30N,每缠绕1层张力递减1-5N,缠绕速率为0-5m/min,缠绕层数为2-3层,旋向缠绕的线型为旋向缠绕的长纤维在芯模两端外侧的交叉点为1-3;按照上述缠绕工艺缠绕完成后即得到缠有橡胶带状片材的有效张紧缠绕结构;2) Preparation of the wrapping layer of the rubber band-like sheet: the high-strength ultra-thin continuous rubber band-like sheet is wound on the mandrel by the method of combining hoop winding and rotational wrapping to prepare the wrapping layer of the rubber band-like sheet , the specific process includes: a) Hoop winding: the winding angle is 70-90°, the winding tension is between 25-40N, the tension is reduced by 1-5N for each winding layer, the winding speed is 0-5m/min, the winding layer The number is 1-2 layers; b) Rotational winding: the winding angle is 50-70°, the winding tension is 25-30N, the tension decreases by 1-5N for each winding layer, the winding speed is 0-5m/min, the number of winding layers It is 2-3 layers, and the line type of the hand winding is that the cross point of the long fibers of the hand winding on the outside of both ends of the core mold is 1-3; Effective tension winding structure; 3)长纤维复合材料层的制备:以环向缠绕和旋向缠绕相结合的方式将浸润树脂的长纤维缠绕到步骤2)中制备的橡胶带状片材缠绕层的表面上,具体过程包括:a)内层环向缠绕:其中第一层环向缠绕角度为80-90°,缠绕张力为20-40N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,内层环向缠绕为2-3层;b)中间层旋向缠绕:缠绕角度为30-50°,缠绕张力为15-30N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,中间旋向缠绕为3-5层,第一层旋向缠绕的缠绕线型为多切点铺层线型,交叉点为3-6,随后改变线型,保持交叉点为2-3;c)外层环向缠绕:在旋向缠绕层上再以环向缠绕的方式将浸润树脂的长纤维缠绕在旋向缠绕层上:缠绕角度为60-70°,缠绕张力为5-20N,每缠绕1层张力递减2-4N,外层环向缠绕2-3层;按照上述缠绕工艺缠绕完成后即可得到橡胶带状片材缠绕层和长纤维复合材料层组成的回转体结构;3) Preparation of the long-fiber composite material layer: winding the resin-impregnated long fibers on the surface of the rubber ribbon-like sheet winding layer prepared in step 2) by combining hoop winding and helical winding, the specific process includes: : a) Inner layer hoop winding: the first layer hoop winding angle is 80-90°, the winding tension is 20-40N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, and the inner layer hoop winding is 2-3 layers ;b) Winding in the middle layer in the direction of rotation: the winding angle is 30-50°, the winding tension is 15-30N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each layer of winding, the winding in the middle layer is 3-5 layers, and the first layer is wound in the direction of rotation The winding line type is multi-tangent layered line type, the intersection point is 3-6, and then the line type is changed, keeping the intersection point at 2-3; c) Outer layer hoop winding: on the hand winding layer, loop Winding the resin-impregnated long fibers on the spiral winding layer: the winding angle is 60-70°, the winding tension is 5-20N, the tension decreases by 2-4N for each winding layer, and the outer layer is circumferentially wound 2- 3 layers; after the winding is completed according to the above-mentioned winding process, a revolving body structure composed of a rubber strip-shaped sheet winding layer and a long-fiber composite material layer can be obtained; 4)整体共固化:将步骤3)中制备得到的橡胶带状片材缠绕层和长纤维复合材料层组成的回转体结构置于专用固化炉中,进行整体共固化,具体步骤为:a)设定温度为90-100℃,保温1-2h;b)将温度设定为120-130℃,保温2-3h;c)将温度设定为140-150℃,保温3-5h;d)整个过程需要施加1-3MPa的压力。4) Overall co-curing: the revolving body structure composed of the wrapping layer of the rubber tape sheet and the long-fiber composite material layer prepared in step 3) is placed in a special curing furnace, and the overall co-curing is carried out. The specific steps are: a) Set the temperature to 90-100°C and keep it for 1-2h; b) Set the temperature to 120-130°C and keep it for 2-3h; c) Set the temperature to 140-150°C and keep it for 3-5h; d) The whole process needs to apply a pressure of 1-3MPa. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中需要在缠绕机头处配置高精度加热装置,加热橡胶带状片材温度保持在35-60℃。2. the technological method that a kind of high-strength ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet material according to claim 1 and long-fiber composite material are integrated and continuously wound, it is characterized in that, in step 2), it is necessary to configure high Precise heating device, heating the temperature of the rubber strip sheet to keep at 35-60℃. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,其特征在于,橡胶带状片材的主要成分为:主体橡胶、硫化体系、预处理的芳纶浆粕、酚醛环氧树脂、羧基丁腈橡胶、添加剂;其中各组分的配比为:主体橡胶50-80份、硫化体系10-30份、预处理的芳纶浆粕5-10份、酚醛环氧树脂10-15份、羧基丁腈橡胶10-20份、添加剂5-30份。3. the technological method that a kind of high-strength ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet material and long-fiber composite material are integrated and continuously wound according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the main component of the rubber band-shaped sheet material is: main body rubber , vulcanization system, pretreated aramid pulp, phenolic epoxy resin, carboxyl nitrile rubber, additives; the proportion of each component is: main rubber 50-80 parts, vulcanization system 10-30 parts, pretreated 5-10 parts of aramid pulp, 10-15 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 10-20 parts of carboxyl nitrile rubber, and 5-30 parts of additives. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,其特征在于,高强度超薄橡胶带状片材的主体橡胶由高性能橡胶的一种或几种组成,包括乙丙橡胶、丁基橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶、氯醇橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、氟橡胶、硅橡胶、耐热型丁腈橡胶。4. the technological method that a kind of high-strength ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet material and long-fiber composite material are integrated and continuously wound according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the main body rubber of the high-strength ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet material It is composed of one or more high-performance rubbers, including ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, acrylate rubber, fluororubber, silicone rubber, and heat-resistant nitrile rubber. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,其特征在于,所述长纤维包括:碳纤维、玻璃纤维、石英纤维、芳纶纤维。5. The technological method of a kind of high-strength ultra-thin rubber strip-shaped sheet material and long-fiber composite material integrated and continuous winding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described long-fiber comprises: carbon fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber, aramid fiber. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度超薄橡胶带状片材与长纤维复合材料一体化连续缠绕的工艺技术方法,其特征在于,树脂体系由杂环类多官能度环氧树脂、酚醛改性环氧树脂、固化剂及稀释剂组成;其中杂环类多官能度环氧树脂50-60份,酚醛改性环氧树脂10-20份,固化剂30-40份,稀释剂30-40份。6. the technological method of a kind of high-strength ultra-thin rubber band-shaped sheet material and long-fiber composite material integrated and continuous winding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, resin system is made of heterocyclic multifunctional epoxy resin , phenolic modified epoxy resin, curing agent and diluent; among them, 50-60 parts of heterocyclic multifunctional epoxy resin, 10-20 parts of phenolic modified epoxy resin, 30-40 parts of curing agent, diluent 30-40 servings.
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