CN111377363B - A lifting device and a lifting method for civil aviation auxiliary power unit - Google Patents
A lifting device and a lifting method for civil aviation auxiliary power unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111377363B CN111377363B CN202010360467.2A CN202010360467A CN111377363B CN 111377363 B CN111377363 B CN 111377363B CN 202010360467 A CN202010360467 A CN 202010360467A CN 111377363 B CN111377363 B CN 111377363B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/02—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with non-adjustable and non-inclinable jibs mounted solely for slewing movements
- B66C23/022—Pivot axis common with column
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
- B66C1/14—Slings with hooks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于民航辅助动力装置的起吊装置及起吊方法，涉及民航辅助动力装置维修技术领域；其包括定柱式悬臂吊和连挂机构，定柱式悬臂吊包括立柱、工字钢悬臂和起重葫芦，立柱的上端设置有与立柱相互平行的竖直定轴，工字钢悬臂能够绕竖直定轴自由转动；起重葫芦滑动连接在工字钢悬臂的底部，起重葫芦能够在拉力作用下沿工字钢悬臂自行滑动；连挂机构包括一体锻造式吊耳和可折叠固定销，通过可折叠固定销将一体锻造式吊耳的支耳部固定在辅助动力装置中部固定挂点位置；通过实施本技术方案，可有效保证起吊APU时安全、平稳而不偏摆，有效提高APU维修过程中的起吊效率，减小APU起吊作业劳动强度，结构简单且在实践过程中具有很好的实用性。
The invention discloses a lifting device and a lifting method for a civil aviation auxiliary power unit, and relates to the technical field of civil aviation auxiliary power unit maintenance. The device comprises a fixed-column cantilever crane and a connecting mechanism, wherein the fixed-column cantilever crane comprises a column, an I-beam cantilever and a lifting hoist, wherein the upper end of the column is provided with a vertical fixed axis which is parallel to the column, and the I-beam cantilever can freely rotate around the vertical fixed axis; the lifting hoist is slidably connected to the bottom of the I-beam cantilever, and the lifting hoist can slide along the I-beam cantilever by itself under the action of tension; the connecting mechanism comprises an integral forged lifting ear and a foldable fixing pin, and the supporting ear portion of the integral forged lifting ear is fixed to a fixed hanging point position in the middle of the auxiliary power unit by the foldable fixing pin; by implementing the technical scheme, the APU can be effectively lifted safely, stably and without swaying, the lifting efficiency in the APU maintenance process can be effectively improved, the labor intensity of the APU lifting operation can be reduced, the structure is simple and the practicality is very good in practice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil aviation auxiliary power device maintenance, in particular to a lifting device and a lifting method for a civil aviation auxiliary power device of a maintenance workshop.
Background
The auxiliary power unit (called Auxiliary Power Unit, APU for short) for civil aircraft is a small centrifugal turbine engine installed at the tail of aircraft and mainly used for independently providing power supply and compressed air for aircraft. Because the auxiliary power device for civil aviation is compact in structural arrangement, precise in machining and large in APU weight, the auxiliary power device needs to be integrally lifted for many times in the workshop maintenance process, and the APU repair quantity is gradually increased along with the rapid development of the national civil aviation industry, the rapid and safe lifting device for the auxiliary power device for the aircraft is designed in a maintenance workshop.
The hoisting mode adopted in the repair shop at present is to use a gantry crane as a hoisting tool, as shown in fig. 6, a beam type double hoisting cable sling 7 inherent on an APU product is used as a connecting tool, a hook at the tail end of a cable 82 on a driving mechanism 81 of the gantry crane 8 is used for hoisting on the beam type double hoisting cable sling 7, the beam type double hoisting cable sling is specifically connected with two hoisting points before and after the APU by an operator, eight bolts 9 are needed to be symmetrically screwed and the same screwing force is ensured in the process, then the hook at the tail end of the gantry crane cable is connected with the beam type double hoisting cable sling, and the relative positions of the gantry crane cable and the hoisting cable in the beam type double hoisting cable sling are manually adjusted by the operator, so that the two hoisting cable slings and the APU are approximately on the same vertical line, and then hoisting operation is carried out.
However, the inventor finds that the lifting mode at least has the following technical problems that at least two operators are required to complete the lifting mode in a matched mode, the operation is inconvenient, the gravity center position is required to be adjusted repeatedly, the operation efficiency is low, more importantly, the error is large because the operator visually adjusts the gravity center position, the gravity centers of the gantry crane steel cable, the lifting appliance steel cable and the APU are not guaranteed to be on the same vertical line, the APU easily swings due to the gravity action after lifting, and therefore great potential safety hazards exist for the operators and the APU, the load of lifting equipment is increased, and the service life of the lifting equipment is shortened. Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is highly desirable for those skilled in the art to study and design another lifting scheme to solve the problem that the existing complex lifting operation mode is very easy to cause operator fatigue, and the possibility of increasing the artificial factor error is significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lifting device for a civil aviation auxiliary power device, which aims to automatically align the gravity center position of an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) before lifting the APU off the ground so as to enable the gravity center of the APU to coincide with a vertical line of a lifting steel rope in the lifting process, reduce the labor intensity of operations which depend on repeated adjustment of operators, ensure the safety and stability without deflection when lifting the APU, effectively improve the lifting efficiency in the maintenance process of the APU, further ensure the safe and stable lifting of the APU in place, and has simple structure and good practicability in the practical process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The lifting device for the civil aviation auxiliary power device comprises a fixed column type cantilever crane and a connecting and hanging mechanism, wherein the fixed column type cantilever crane comprises a vertical column, an I-shaped steel cantilever and a lifting hoist, the upper end of the vertical column is provided with a vertical fixed shaft which is parallel to the vertical column, the I-shaped steel cantilever is sleeved on the vertical fixed shaft and extends along the direction perpendicular to the vertical fixed shaft, so that the I-shaped steel cantilever can rotate around the horizontal direction of the vertical fixed shaft, the lifting hoist is slidably connected to the bottom of the I-shaped steel cantilever, a lifting steel rope for connecting the auxiliary power device is arranged at the bottom of the lifting hoist, so that the lifting hoist can automatically slide along the I-shaped steel cantilever under the action of pulling force, the connecting and hanging mechanism comprises an integral forging lifting lug and a foldable fixing pin, and the integral forging lifting lug comprises a lifting ring part connected with the lifting steel rope and a supporting lug part connected with a fixing hanging point in the middle part of the auxiliary power device, so that the supporting lug part is fixed at the fixing hanging point in the middle part of the auxiliary power device through the foldable fixing pin.
According to the technical scheme, on one hand, the beam type double-hoisting steel rope lifting appliance recommended by an APU manufacturer is abandoned for lifting, but an integral forging lifting lug and a foldable fixing pin structure are redesigned, the integral forging lifting lug is relatively fixed with a fixed hanging point in the middle of an auxiliary power device (hereinafter called APU) through a simple and easy-to-operate foldable fixing pin, the degree of freedom of the whole lifting system is reduced, the operation method of the lifting appliance connected with the APU is simplified, the defect that the traditional lifting appliance with a complex structure indirectly transmits acting force is avoided, stable lifting is realized, and the connecting structure is safer, more reliable, simpler and more convenient to operate. On the other hand, the technical scheme abandons the use of the gantry crane as hoisting equipment, but selects the fixed column type cantilever crane, wherein the I-steel cantilever is free of a driving device, and the transverse relative position of the APU in the hoisting process is automatically adjusted by free rotation around a vertical fixed axis on a stand column, the hoisting hoist is also free of the driving device in the horizontal direction on the I-steel cantilever, and the hoisting hoist automatically slides along the I-steel cantilever under the action of pulling force to automatically adjust the longitudinal relative position of the APU in the hoisting process, so that the gravity center of the APU coincides with the vertical line of the hoisting steel rope, the gravity center position of the APU is ensured to be determined without deflection in the hoisting process, and the stable hoisting of the APU is realized.
Optionally, the hanging ring part and the lug part of the integrally forged lifting lug are machined into a whole by a forging piece, a hook is configured at the end part of the lifting steel cable, a hanging hole matched with the hook is configured in the middle part of the hanging ring part, a pin shaft hole for the foldable fixing pin to pass through is formed in the lug part, and the axial line of the hanging hole is parallel to the axial line of the pin shaft hole. The relative position relation between the fixed hanging point in the middle of the lifting steel cable and the gravity center of the APU is convenient to adjust in a self-adaptive mode.
Optionally, have connection transition portion between rings portion and the journal stirrup portion, connection transition portion is rectangle frustum structure, and the smaller one end of connection transition portion size is connected with rings portion in an organic whole, and its bigger one end of size is connected with journal stirrup in an organic whole.
Optionally, the end of the lug part is provided with a deep groove to form a double-block fork structure, and two side walls at the middle part of the deep groove are provided with pin holes to form a connecting through hole for the foldable fixing pin to pass through.
Optionally, the width of the deep groove is matched with the thickness of the hanging point fixed in the middle of the auxiliary power device, and the diameter of the foldable fixing pin is matched with the aperture of the hanging hole of the hanging point fixed in the middle of the auxiliary power device. After the fixing hanging point in the middle of the APU is connected with the integral forging lifting lug by the foldable fixing pin, the integral forging lifting lug and the fixing hanging point in the middle of the APU can be kept relatively stable and fixed, the installation is quick and convenient, and the APU is prevented from slipping in the lifting process.
Optionally, the foldable fixing pin comprises a fixing pin body, a stop block arranged at one end of the fixing pin body and a folding block arranged at the other end of the fixing pin body, wherein the diameter of the stop block is larger than that of the fixing pin body. As the optimization of this technical scheme, the stopper can adopt welding or threaded connection's mode to connect in fixed pin body tip to realize stable the connection, prevent to drop.
Optionally, the fixing pin body with the one end that the folding piece is connected has and connects the heavy groove, the folding piece inserts connect heavy inslot and connect through the articulated shaft to make the folding piece rotate around the articulated shaft under the action of gravity and fold. Specifically, one end of the folding block connected with the fixed pin body is cut into a connecting part matched with the connecting sink structure, and the folding block is connected with the sink and has a quasi-I-shaped structure in a straight state with the fixed pin body.
Optionally, the diameter of the folding block gradually decreases from the end near the end connected with the fixing pin body to the free end thereof, so that an insertion end of the truncated cone structure is formed. The connection and the installation are realized by the pin shaft hole which is beneficial to the foldable fixing pin to be led into the ear supporting part and the hanging hole which is beneficial to the fixing hanging point in the middle part of the auxiliary power device.
Optionally, the terminal surface that fixed pin body and folding piece are connected one end is formed with first and ends the position face, be formed with on the folding piece with first end position face matched with second and end the position face, first end position face inclined plane setting for it can only be folded along fixed pin body one side to restrict folding piece.
Optionally, the terminal surface of folding piece inserted connection heavy inslot one end is formed with the third and ends the position face, the connection heavy tank bottom of fixed pin body is formed with and ends position face matched with fourth and ends the position face, the third ends the position and personally submit the inclined plane setting, and the inclination of position face is opposite with the slope aspect of stopping the position face to the second, and this structural design both can effectively restrict the folding direction of folding piece, also can make folding piece and fixed pin body form stable fit and connect when being straight state's the quasi-I "shape structure.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a lifting method of the civil aviation auxiliary power device, and the lifting method for the civil aviation auxiliary power device comprises the following steps of:
s1, manufacturing a foldable fixed pin and an integral forging lifting lug according to the aperture of a hanging hole of a fixed hanging point in the middle of an auxiliary power device;
S2, aligning the lug parts of the integrally forged lifting lugs with the position of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device so that the pin shaft holes of the lug parts are aligned with the hanging holes of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device;
S3, inserting a foldable fixing pin into a pin shaft hole of a supporting lug part of the integrated forging lifting lug and a hanging hole of a fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device, so that the integrated forging lifting lug and the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device are kept relatively fixed;
S4, folding the folding blocks at the end parts of the foldable fixed pins so that the foldable fixed pins are in an L-shaped structure;
s5, hooking a hook arranged on a hoisting steel rope at the bottom of the hoisting block to a hanging ring part of an integrated forging type hanging lug;
S6, rolling the hoisting steel rope by using a driving device arranged in the hoisting hoist, and automatically sliding and adjusting the positions of the I-shaped steel cantilever and the hoisting hoist under the action of pulling force, so that the gravity center of the auxiliary power device and the suspended hoisting steel rope are lifted on the same vertical line, and the auxiliary power device stably lifts and falls without deflection.
Preferably, in the step S2, the deviation between the vertical line where the fixed hanging point of the middle part of the auxiliary power device is located and the vertical line where the gravity center of the auxiliary power device is located is smaller than 10mm, so that the auxiliary power device cannot deviate greatly in the lifting process, the lifting speed configured by the driving device in the lifting hoist in the step S6 is 0.8m/min-8m/min, so that the lifting cable adjusting angle of the lifting hoist is small enough to lift, and the inventors know that the lifting speed is configured to 0.8m/min to slowly lift, so that stable, safe and efficient lifting of the APU can be realized after the I-steel cantilever and the lifting hoist slide and are well adjusted under the action of pulling force, and good lifting stability is realized.
As described above, the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects over the prior art:
1. According to the lifting device, when the civil aviation auxiliary power device (APU) is frequently lifted in the workshop maintenance process, the APU is reliably and conveniently connected with the lifting appliance, the integral forging lifting lug is relatively fixed with the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device through the simple and easy-to-operate foldable fixing pin, the degree of freedom of the whole lifting system is reduced, the defect that the lifting appliance with a traditional complex structure indirectly transmits acting force is overcome, stable lifting is realized, and the connecting structure is safer and more reliable.
2. According to the hoisting device, after hoisting operation is started and before the APU is lifted off the ground, the I-steel cantilever and the hoisting hoist in the hoisting device can automatically slide and adjust positions under the action of pulling force, namely, the I-steel cantilever rotates around the upright post to automatically adjust the transverse relative position in the process of hoisting the APU, and the hoisting hoist slides on the I-steel cantilever to automatically adjust the longitudinal relative position in the process of hoisting the APU, so that the gravity center of the APU is overlapped with the vertical line of the hoisting steel cable, the gravity center position of the APU is ensured to be determined without deflection in the process of hoisting operation, and stable hoisting of the APU is realized.
3. The hoisting device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that double matching and visual checking are not needed to ensure the hoisting effect on the relative position of the hoisting steel rope in the alignment hoisting tool, the labor cost is saved, the labor intensity of the hoisting operation of the APU is reduced, the hoisting efficiency in the maintenance process of the APU is effectively improved, the safe and stable hoisting of the APU in place is ensured, and the hoisting device has a simple structure and good practicability in the practical process.
4. The lifting method is simple and easy to implement, the relative position between the lifting device and the gravity center of the APU is automatically adjusted, the repeated adjustment of the lifting position by an operator is avoided, the operation labor intensity of the operator is reduced, the deflection of the lifting process caused by human factor errors is avoided, the stable, safe and efficient lifting of the APU is ensured, and the workload is reduced.
In summary, the beam type double-hoisting cable sling recommended by an APU manufacturer is omitted for hoisting, an integral forging lifting lug and a foldable fixing pin structure are redesigned, the integral forging lifting lug is conveniently fixed at the middle fixed hanging point position of an auxiliary power device (APU) by using the foldable fixing pin, the middle fixed hanging point is close to the gravity center position of the APU, the cable adjusting angle of the hoisting crane is small enough, the technical problem that stability is lost in the process of hoisting the APU can be effectively solved, and because the I-steel cantilever can freely rotate around a vertical fixed shaft, the hoisting crane can also automatically slide along the I-steel cantilever under the action of pulling force, an additional driving device is not needed, the gravity center position of the APU can be automatically aligned under the action of the driving device configured by the hoisting crane, so that the gravity center of the APU coincides with a hoisting cable in the process, the traditional thinking mode of improving the hoisting tool in a complex structure is substantially broken through, the structure improvement and the hoisting method which are simple and easy to realize, the technical problems that the hoisting process is complex and safe and easy to have high and stable, the cost is not only can be effectively solved, but also the practical and safe and stable hoisting process can be guaranteed, and the hoisting process is guaranteed.
Drawings
The invention will be described by way of specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the operational state of a lifting device for a civil aviation auxiliary power unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an integrally forged lifting lug in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of another view of the integrally forged lifting lug of FIG. 2 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a foldable retaining pin in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the foldable fixation pin of FIG. 4 from another perspective in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a lifting device in the background of the invention.
The reference numerals indicate 1-upright post, 11-vertical fixed shaft, 2-I-steel cantilever, 3-hoist, 31-hoist rope, 32-hook, 4-integral forging lifting lug, 41-lifting ring part, 42-hanging hole, 43-lug part, 44-pin hole, 45-connecting transition part, 46-deep groove, 5-foldable fixing pin, 51-fixing pin body, 52-stop block, 53-folding block, 54-connecting sink groove, 55-hinge shaft, 56-first stop surface, 57-second stop surface, 58-third stop surface, 59-fourth stop surface, 6-auxiliary power device, 7-beam type double hoist rope sling, 8-gantry crane, 81-sling and 9-bolt.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a lifting device for a civil aviation auxiliary power device, which comprises a fixed column type cantilever crane and a connecting and hanging mechanism, and particularly, the fixed column type cantilever crane comprises a vertical column 1, an I-steel cantilever 2 and a hoist 3, wherein the vertical column 1 is firmly installed on the ground, a vertical fixed shaft 11 which is parallel to the vertical column 1 is installed at the upper end of the vertical column 1 through a fixed bracket, the I-steel cantilever 2 is sleeved at the lower position of the vertical fixed shaft 11 and extends rightward along the direction perpendicular to the vertical fixed shaft 11, so that the I-steel cantilever 2 can freely rotate around the vertical fixed shaft 11 in the horizontal direction, and a pull rope which is connected with the right end part of the I-steel cantilever 2 is installed at the upper part of the vertical fixed shaft 11, so that the pull rope, the vertical fixed shaft 11 and the I-steel cantilever 2 form a triangular stable supporting structure. Further, the crane hoist 3 is slidably connected to the bottom of the i-steel cantilever 2, so that the crane hoist 3 can slide along the i-steel cantilever 2 under the action of a tensile force, a crane steel cable 31 for connecting the auxiliary power device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the crane hoist 3, a hook 32 is arranged at the end part of the crane steel cable 31, the hook 32 is connected with a connecting and hanging mechanism installed at the middle part of the auxiliary power device 6 at a fixed hanging point position, a fixed column type cantilever crane is adopted as a lifting device, and the lifting is realized by matching with the connecting and hanging mechanism.
The connecting and hanging mechanism provided by the embodiment comprises an integral forging lifting lug 4 and a foldable fixing pin 5, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the integral forging lifting lug 4 provided by the embodiment comprises a lifting ring part 41 connected with a lifting steel rope 31 and a lug part 43 connected with a fixed hanging point in the middle of an auxiliary power device 6, the lug part 43 is connected to the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device 6 through the foldable fixing pin 5, specifically, the lifting ring part 41 and the lug part 43 of the integral forging lifting lug 4 are integrally machined by a forge piece, the integral forging lifting lug has better structural strength, a hanging hole 42 matched with the hanging hook 32 is arranged in the middle of the lifting ring part 41 and used for connecting the hanging hook 32 of the lifting steel rope 31, a pin shaft hole 44 for the foldable fixing pin 5 to penetrate is formed in the lug part 43, and the axial line of the hanging hole 42 is parallel to the axial line of the pin shaft hole 44, so that the relative position relation between the fixed hanging point in the middle of the lifting steel rope 31 and the gravity center can be adjusted adaptively.
Specifically, a connection transition part 45 is arranged between the hanging ring part 41 and the supporting lug part 43, the connection transition part 45 is in a rectangular frustum structure, the upper end of the connection transition part 45 with smaller size is integrally connected with the hanging ring part 41, the lower end of the connection transition part with larger size is integrally connected with the supporting lug part 43, the integral forging type lifting lug 4 is ensured to have better structural strength, meanwhile, the weight is lighter, and meanwhile, the tensile strength is effectively improved; as the preference of this embodiment, the end of the lug portion 43 is provided with a deep groove 46 to form a double fork structure, the two side walls of the middle position of the deep groove 46 are provided with pin holes 44 to form a connecting through hole for the foldable fixing pin 5 to pass through, the width of the deep groove 46 is matched with the thickness of the middle fixed hanging point of the auxiliary power device 6, the diameter of the foldable fixing pin 5 is matched with the aperture of the middle fixed hanging point hanging hole of the auxiliary power device 6, meanwhile, the aperture of the pin hole 44 formed on the lug portion 43 is matched with the aperture of the middle fixed hanging point hanging hole of the APU, so that after the middle fixed hanging point of the APU is connected with the integral forged lifting lug 4 by the foldable fixing pin 5, the integral forged lifting lug 4 and the middle fixed hanging point of the APU can be kept relatively stable and fixed, the installation is fast and convenient, and the slipping can be avoided in the lifting process, thereby, the hook 32 of the lifting hoist 3 of the fixed column type cantilever crane is hung on the integral forged lifting lug 4, the lifting operation is carried out by the driving device such as the crane motor, and the I-shaped steel cantilever 2 and the lifting hoist 3 are regulated to self-swing position under the final pulling action, and the gravity center of gravity 31 is prevented from being overlapped with the lifting process.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the foldable fixing pin 5 provided in this embodiment includes a fixing pin body 51, a stop block 52 disposed at one end of the fixing pin body 51, and a folding block 53 disposed at the other end of the fixing pin body 51, where the diameter of the stop block 52 is larger than that of the fixing pin body 51, and as a preferred embodiment, the stop block 52 may be connected to the end of the fixing pin body 51 by welding or screwing to achieve stable connection and prevent falling, and the folding block 53 may specifically adopt a manner of fixing the folding block 53 by a hinge shaft 55 to achieve rotational folding of the folding block 53 along a side perpendicular to the axial direction of the fixing pin body 51, and may also be a folding manner of turning by using an elastic structure in the prior art, which is aimed at facilitating insertion of the foldable fixing pin 5 into the APU middle fixing hanging point hanging hole and the pin hole 44 of the integrally forged lifting lug 4, facilitating quick connection installation, and preventing slipping during lifting.
In the preferred scheme of the embodiment, a connecting sinking groove 54 is formed at one end of the fixing pin body 51 connected with the folding block 53, so that the folding block 53 is inserted into the connecting sinking groove 54 and connected through a hinge shaft 55, and the folding block 53 can be folded around the hinge shaft 55, specifically, one end of the folding block 53 connected with the fixing pin body 51 is cut into a connecting part matched with the structure of the connecting sinking groove 54, therefore, the connecting part of the folding block 53 can be matched with the fixing pin body 51 to form a straight quasi-I-shaped structure after being inserted into the connecting sinking groove 54, and the gravity of the end part of the folding block 53 is larger than that of the cutting connecting end of the folding block, after the folding fixing pin 5 is connected and installed, the folding block 53 is folded by freely hanging down under the action of gravity, and the folded folding fixing pin 5 is in an quasi-L-shaped structure, so that the folding fixing pin 5 is convenient and quick to use, and the lifting lug cannot slip in the lifting process.
Further, the end surface of the connecting end of the fixing pin body 51 and the folding block 53 is formed with a first stop surface 56, the folding block 53 is formed with a second stop surface 57 matched with the first stop surface 56, the first stop surface 56 is inclined for limiting the folding block 53 to fold along one side of the fixing pin body 51, the end surface of the folding block 53 inserted into the connecting countersink 54 is formed with a third stop surface 58, the bottom of the connecting countersink 54 of the fixing pin body 51 is formed with a fourth stop surface 59 matched with the third stop surface 58, the third stop surface 58 is inclined, and the inclination direction of the third stop surface 58 is opposite to the inclination direction of the second stop surface 57.
According to the embodiment, the lifting device abandons the beam type double-lifting steel rope 31 lifting appliance recommended by an APU manufacturer for lifting, but enables the fixed hanging point position in the middle of the integrated forging lifting lug 44 and the auxiliary power device 6 (hereinafter referred to as APU) to be relatively fixed through the foldable fixing pin 5 which is simple and easy to operate, so that the degree of freedom of the whole lifting system is reduced, the operation method for connecting the lifting appliance and the APU is simplified, the defect that the traditional lifting appliance with a complex structure indirectly transmits acting force is avoided, stable lifting is realized, the connecting structure is safer and more reliable, the simplicity and the easiness are realized, the lifting device abandons the use of a gantry crane as lifting equipment, the fixing column type cantilever crane is selected, the transverse relative position of the APU is automatically adjusted through free rotation of the vertical fixing pin 11 on the upright column 1, the lifting hoist 3 also does not have the driving device in a straight line running in the horizontal direction on the cantilever I-steel, the longitudinal relative position of the lifting process is automatically adjusted through self sliding of the lifting appliance along the I-steel cantilever 2 under the action of pulling force, the lifting device is avoided, the fact that the gravity center of gravity and the APU is coincident with the lifting steel rope 31 is stably detected, the position of the APU is not required to be stably arranged in the double-lifting process, the practical lifting device is ensured to be relatively stable in the vertical position, the double-lifting structure is not to be easily realized, and the practical position is not is ensured to be stably and is suitable for being fixed in the lifting position of the APU is in the lifting process, and the lifting structure is more stable, and the lifting structure is more is convenient to be well is suitable to be used in the lifting position is in the lifting position a lifting process.
On the other hand, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an operation state of a lifting device for a civil aviation auxiliary power device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and according to the present invention, there is further provided a lifting method for a civil aviation auxiliary power device, to which the lifting device shown in fig. 1 is applied, the lifting method comprising the steps of:
S1, manufacturing a foldable fixing pin 5 and an integral forging lifting lug 44 according to the aperture of a hanging hole of a fixed hanging point in the middle of an auxiliary power device 6;
S2, aligning the lug parts 43 of the integral forging lifting lugs 4 with the position of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device 6 so that the pin shaft holes 44 of the lug parts 43 are aligned with the hanging holes of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device 6;
s3, inserting a foldable fixing pin 5 into a pin shaft hole 44 of a supporting lug part 43 of the integrated forging lifting lug 4 and a hanging hole of a fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device 6, so that the fixed hanging point in the middle of the integrated forging lifting lug 4 and the auxiliary power device 6 are kept relatively fixed;
S4, the folding block 53 at the end part of the foldable fixed pin 5 is freely sagged and folded under the action of gravity, so that the foldable fixed pin 5 is in an L-shaped structure;
s5, hooking a hook 32 arranged on a lifting steel rope 31 at the bottom of the lifting hoist 3 to a hanging ring part 41 of an integrally forged lifting lug 44;
S6, rolling the hoisting steel rope 31 by using a driving device arranged in the hoisting hoist 3, and automatically sliding and adjusting the positions of the I-shaped steel cantilever 2 and the hoisting hoist 3 under the action of pulling force, so that the gravity center of the auxiliary power device 6 and the hoisting steel rope 31 are hoisted on the same vertical line, and the auxiliary power device 6 stably lifts and falls without deflection.
In the lifting method of the embodiment, in the step S2, the deviation between the vertical line where the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device 6 is located and the vertical line where the gravity center of the auxiliary power device 6 is located is smaller than 10mm, so that the auxiliary power device 6 cannot deviate greatly in the lifting process, and as the preferred lifting speed of the driving device in the crane hoist 3 in the step S6 is 0.8m/min-8m/min, so that the lifting angle of the lifting steel rope 31 of the crane hoist 3 is small enough to lift, the inventors know that the lifting speed is configured to be 0.8m/min for slow lifting, and stable lifting of the APU after the i-steel cantilever 2 and the crane hoist 3 slide and adjust the positions under the action of pulling force can be ensured.
In summary, the lifting method of the embodiment can realize reliable and convenient connection of the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) and the lifting appliance when the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is frequently operated in the workshop-level maintenance operation process, is simple and convenient and easy to operate, and meanwhile, the lifting device automatically adjusts the relative position of the gravity center of the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU), so that the repeated adjustment of the lifting position by an operator is avoided, the operation labor intensity of the operator is reduced, the deflection of the lifting process caused by human factor errors is avoided, the stable, safe and efficient lifting of the APU is ensured, the workload is reduced, and the lifting method has good popularization and use values, and is suitable for popularization and use of the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) in the workshop-level maintenance operation process.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (6)
1. The lifting device for the civil aviation auxiliary power device is characterized by comprising a fixed column type cantilever crane and a connecting and hanging mechanism, wherein the fixed column type cantilever crane comprises a stand column, an I-steel cantilever and a lifting hoist, the upper end of the stand column is provided with a vertical fixed shaft which is mutually parallel to the stand column, the I-steel cantilever is sleeved on the vertical fixed shaft and extends along the direction vertical to the vertical fixed shaft so that the I-steel cantilever can rotate around the vertical fixed shaft in the horizontal direction, the lifting hoist is connected to the bottom of the I-steel cantilever in a sliding manner, and a lifting steel rope for connecting the auxiliary power device is arranged at the bottom of the lifting hoist so that the lifting hoist can automatically slide along the I-steel cantilever under the action of pulling force;
The lifting ring part and the lug part of the integrated forging lifting lug are machined into a whole by a forging piece, a hook is arranged at the end part of the lifting steel rope, a hanging hole matched with the hook is arranged in the middle of the lifting ring part, a pin shaft hole for a foldable fixing pin to pass through is formed in the lug part, and the axial line of the hanging hole is parallel to the axial line of the pin shaft hole;
a connecting transition part is arranged between the hanging ring part and the lug part, and the connecting transition part is of a rectangular frustum structure;
The foldable fixing pin comprises a fixing pin body, a stop block arranged at one end of the fixing pin body and a folding block arranged at the other end of the fixing pin body, wherein the diameter of the stop block is larger than that of the fixing pin body;
the fixed pin body with the one end that folding piece is connected has the connection heavy groove, folding piece inserts connect heavy inslot and connect through the articulated shaft to make folding piece rotate folding around the articulated shaft under the action of gravity.
2. The lifting device for the civil aviation auxiliary power device of claim 1, wherein the end part of the lug part is provided with a deep groove to form a double fork structure, and two side walls at the middle part of the deep groove are provided with pin holes to form a connecting through hole for a foldable fixing pin to pass through.
3. The lifting device for the civil aviation auxiliary power unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the width of the deep groove is matched with the thickness of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power unit, and the diameter of the foldable fixing pin is matched with the aperture of the hanging hole of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power unit.
4. The lifting device for a civil aviation auxiliary power unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the folding block is gradually reduced in diameter from a portion near an end connected with the fixing pin body to a free end thereof, so as to form an insertion end of a truncated cone structure.
5. A hoisting method for a civil aviation auxiliary power unit, characterized in that a hoisting device for a civil aviation auxiliary power unit according to any one of claims 1-4 is used, the hoisting method comprising the steps of:
s1, manufacturing a foldable fixed pin and an integral forging lifting lug according to the aperture of a hanging hole of a fixed hanging point in the middle of an auxiliary power device;
S2, aligning the lug parts of the integrally forged lifting lugs with the position of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device so that the pin shaft holes of the lug parts are aligned with the hanging holes of the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device;
S3, inserting a foldable fixing pin into a pin shaft hole of a supporting lug part of the integrated forging lifting lug and a hanging hole of a fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device, so that the integrated forging lifting lug and the fixed hanging point in the middle of the auxiliary power device are kept relatively fixed;
S4, folding the folding blocks at the end parts of the foldable fixed pins so that the foldable fixed pins are in an L-shaped structure;
s5, hooking a hook arranged on a hoisting steel rope at the bottom of the hoisting block to a hanging ring part of an integrated forging type hanging lug;
S6, rolling the hoisting steel rope by using a driving device arranged in the hoisting hoist, and automatically sliding and adjusting the positions of the I-shaped steel cantilever and the hoisting hoist under the action of pulling force, so that the gravity center of the auxiliary power device and the suspended hoisting steel rope are lifted on the same vertical line, and the auxiliary power device stably lifts and falls without deflection.
6. The lifting method of the civil aviation auxiliary power device according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the deviation between a vertical line where a fixed hanging point of the middle part of the auxiliary power device is located and a vertical line where the gravity center of the auxiliary power device is located is smaller than 10mm, and in the step S6, the lifting speed of the internal driving device of the lifting hoist is 0.8m/min-8m/min.
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| CN211998544U (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-11-24 | 四川川航航空发动机维修工程有限责任公司 | Hoisting device for civil aviation auxiliary power device |
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| JP2006219265A (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-24 | Toyota Motor Corp | Self-aligning suspension and lifting method using the same |
| CN101602468B (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-04-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Unilateral clamping hanger for lifting steel pipes |
| US8434801B2 (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2013-05-07 | Adam LeBlanc | Flange lifter device |
| US9682000B2 (en) * | 2013-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | Bioness, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for body weight support system |
| JP7021776B2 (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2022-02-17 | 有限会社二瓶ガス圧接工業 | Reinforcing bar holder, rebar lifting device using it, and rebar joint construction method |
| CN110329906B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2020-09-11 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Simple device for solving hoisting gravity center deviation |
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| CN211998544U (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-11-24 | 四川川航航空发动机维修工程有限责任公司 | Hoisting device for civil aviation auxiliary power device |
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