CN110924871B - Drill bit, drill bit monitorable system and drill bit torque monitoring method - Google Patents

Drill bit, drill bit monitorable system and drill bit torque monitoring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110924871B
CN110924871B CN201911185270.3A CN201911185270A CN110924871B CN 110924871 B CN110924871 B CN 110924871B CN 201911185270 A CN201911185270 A CN 201911185270A CN 110924871 B CN110924871 B CN 110924871B
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drill bit
friction plate
joint
shell
rigid body
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CN110924871A (en
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王克行
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/46Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B12/00Accessories for drilling tools
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E21B44/06Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the flow or pressure of the motive fluid of the drive

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a drill, a drill monitorable system and a drill torque monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, wherein the technical scheme of the drill comprises a joint, a drill body and a torque adjusting component; the joint is used for connecting a drill string and is connected with the drill bit body through the torque adjusting assembly; a polycrystalline diamond compact bit is fixedly arranged on the bit body; the torque adjusting component comprises a shell, a disc spring, a connecting shaft, a first friction plate, a first rigid body, a second friction plate and a second rigid body, so that impact damage of the diamond compact teeth is effectively prevented, the service range and service life of the PDC drill bit are greatly improved, and the torque of the PDC drill bit and the working state of the PDC drill bit are conveniently monitored.

Description

Drill bit, drill bit monitorable system and drill bit torque monitoring method
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to a drill bit, a drill bit monitorable system and a drill bit torque monitoring method.
Background
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) drill bits are widely used as efficient tools for breaking rock in petroleum and rock-mine drilling, and play a great role in improving the speed and efficiency of drilling. However, due to the characteristics of high hardness, strong brittleness, poor impact resistance and the like of the cutting original diamond composite sheet of the PDC drill bit, the use effect is poor in high hardness and heterogeneous stratum such as igneous rock, a gravel layer and the like, and the reason is that the diamond composite sheet is damaged in advance due to impact caused by too large drilling torque. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a PDC drill bit with controllable torque to increase its range of applicability and service life.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a drill bit, a drill bit monitorable system and a drill bit torque monitoring method, which are used for solving the problems that the PDC drill bit in the prior art is applicable to limited stratum and early damage.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a drill bit comprising a joint, a bit body, and a torque adjustment assembly;
The joint is used for connecting a drill string and is connected with the drill bit body through the torque adjusting assembly;
The polycrystalline diamond compact bit is fixedly arranged on the bit body;
the torque adjusting component comprises a shell, a disc spring, a connecting shaft, a first friction plate, a first rigid body, a second friction plate and a second rigid body;
one end of the shell is in sliding abutting connection with the connector, the other end of the shell is fixedly connected with the drill bit body, and the disc spring, the first friction plate, the first rigid body, the second friction plate and the second rigid body are annular sheet bodies which are arranged concentrically with the shell and are positioned in the shell;
The connecting shaft is concentrically arranged with the shell, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the joint, the other end of the connecting shaft is positioned in the shell, and the disc spring, the first friction plate, the first rigid body, the second friction plate and the second rigid body are sleeved on the outer side of the part of the connecting shaft positioned in the shell;
The second rigid body is fixedly connected with the shell and the second friction plate respectively, the first friction plate is in sliding butt with the second friction plate, one side of the first friction plate deviating from the second friction plate is fixedly connected with the first rigid body, one side of the first rigid body deviating from the first friction plate is in butt joint with the disc spring, one side of the disc spring deviating from the first rigid body is in butt joint with the lower part of the connecting shaft, and the first rigid body and the first friction plate are respectively in spline connection with the connecting shaft.
Further, the joint is internally provided with a first connecting channel, the connecting shaft is internally provided with a third connecting channel, the drill bit is internally provided with a second connecting channel, and the first connecting channel, the third connecting channel and the second connecting channel are sequentially communicated.
Further, the first connecting channel, the third connecting channel and the second connecting channel are respectively and eccentrically arranged.
Further, an anti-falling screw is arranged between the connector and the connecting shaft, penetrates through the connector and enters the connecting shaft, and is in threaded connection with the connector and the connecting shaft respectively.
Further, the polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit is welded and fixed with the drill bit body.
The invention also provides a drill bit monitorable system which comprises a drill bit and a ground monitoring device, wherein the ground monitoring device is used for monitoring the pumping pressure fluctuation frequency of drilling fluid provided for the drill bit.
Further, the ground monitoring device comprises a pressure sensor, an A/D converter, an industrial personal computer, a display, a recorder and an alarm, wherein the pressure sensor is used for collecting pumping pressure signals, the pressure sensor is connected with the input end of the A/D converter, the output end of the A/D converter is connected with the industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer is respectively connected with the display, the recorder and the alarm.
The invention also provides a drill torque monitoring method of the drill monitorable system, which comprises the following steps:
During normal drilling, the joint, the bit body and the torque adjusting assembly synchronously rotate with the drill string;
The method comprises the steps that a pressure sensor collects the numerical value of a drilling fluid pump pressure and the analog signal of fluctuation frequency, the analog signal is transmitted to an A/D converter, and the A/D converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal and then inputs the digital signal into an industrial personal computer;
The industrial personal computer processes the input digital signals and stores the processed digital signals in the industrial personal computer, and the processed digital signals are displayed through a display and stored through a recorder;
judging whether the fluctuation frequency of the drilling fluid pump pressure reaches or exceeds a preset threshold value or not by the industrial personal computer;
step, when the step is judged to be that the drilling parameter is judged to be that the industrial personal computer controls the alarm to give an alarm, so as to remind operators of adjusting the drilling parameter; when the step is judged to be no, an alarm is not sent out;
And after the alarm gives an alarm, an operator makes comprehensive judgment according to the factors such as the bit pressure, the rotating speed, the displacement, the pump pressure, the stratum and the like at the moment, and adjusts drilling parameters until the fluctuation frequency of the pump pressure is reduced to be within a limited frequency.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the PDC drill bit with controllable torque has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, fewer mechanical parts and strong reliability;
2. the torque limiting structure provided by the invention can effectively prevent impact damage of the diamond compact teeth, and greatly improve the service range and service life of the PDC drill bit;
3. the ground torque monitoring device provided by the invention can effectively monitor the torque and the working state of the PDC drill bit, and can improve the working condition of the PDC drill bit in the pit by adjusting drilling parameters.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments of sizes, which do not affect the efficacy or the achievement of the present invention, should fall within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a drill bit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the ground control device in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
In the figure: 1. a bit body; 11. a second connection channel; 111. polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit; 2. a housing; 3. a disc spring; 4. a sliding surface; 5. a connecting shaft; 51. a third connecting channel; 6. a joint; 61. a first connection channel; 7. an anti-fall screw; 8. a first friction plate; 81. a second friction plate; 9. a first rigid body; 91. a second rigid body; 101. a pressure sensor; 102. an A/D converter; 103. an industrial personal computer; 104. a display; 105. a recorder; 106. an alarm.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A drill bit, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a joint 6, a bit body 1 and a torque adjustment assembly, wherein the joint 6 is used for connecting a drill string and is connected with the bit body 1 through the torque adjustment assembly, and the joint 6 is a connecting piece for transmitting torque provided by the drill string to the bit body 1 and the torque adjustment assembly.
The polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit 111 is fixedly arranged on the drill bit body 1, the polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit 111 is arranged on one side, deviating from the torque adjusting assembly, of the drill bit body 1, a drilling process can be achieved when the drill bit body 1 rotates, and the polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit 111 and the drill bit body 1 are fixedly welded.
The torque adjusting component comprises a shell 2, a disc spring 3, a connecting shaft 5, a first friction plate 8, a first rigid body 9, a second friction plate 81 and a second rigid body 91, wherein the shell 2 is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the shell 2 and a joint 6 are coaxial, one end of the shell 2 forms a sliding surface 4 and is in sliding butt joint with the joint 6 through the sliding surface 4, the other end of the shell 2 is fixedly connected with the drill bit body 1, and the connecting mode can be screw thread connection.
The disc spring 3, the first friction plate 8, the first rigid body 9, the second friction plate 81 and the second rigid body 91 are annular sheet bodies which are arranged concentrically with the housing 2 and are positioned in the housing 2.
The connecting shaft 5 is arranged concentrically with the shell 2, one end of the connecting shaft 5 is fixedly connected with the joint 6, the connecting mode of the connecting shaft 5 and the joint 6 can be threaded connection, the other end of the connecting shaft 5 is positioned in the shell 2, and the disc spring 3, the first friction plate 8, the first rigid body 9, the second friction plate 81 and the second rigid body 91 are sleeved on the outer side of the part of the connecting shaft 5 positioned in the shell 2.
The second rigid body 91 is fixedly connected with the shell 2 and the second friction plate 81 respectively, the connection modes between the second rigid body 91 and the shell 2 and between the second rigid body 91 and the friction plate can be riveted, the first friction plate 8 and the second friction plate 81 are in sliding butt joint, the friction plate is a common part in mechanical equipment, the parts are not repeated too much, one side, deviating from the second friction plate 81, of the first friction plate 8 is fixedly connected with the first rigid body 9, the connection mode can also be riveted, one side, deviating from the first friction plate 8, of the first rigid body 9 is abutted against the disc spring 3, the disc spring 3 is abutted against the lower part of the connecting shaft 5, the lower part of the connecting shaft 5 is provided with an expansion part with increased diameter, the disc spring 3 is abutted against the upper end of the expansion part, and the first rigid body 9 and the first friction plate 8 are respectively connected with the connecting shaft 5 through splines. The disc spring 3 can elastically extrude the first rigid body 9 and the first friction plate 8, so that larger friction force is generated between the first friction plate 8 and the second friction plate 81, the friction force is enough to drive the shell 2 and the bit body 1 to rotate under safe torque, and when the torque is overlarge, the first friction plate 8 and the second friction plate 81 can slide relatively, so that the polycrystalline diamond compact bit 111 is prevented from being damaged.
The first connecting passage 61 is formed in the connector 6, the third connecting passage 51 is formed in the connecting shaft 5, the second connecting passage 11 is formed in the bit body 1, and the first connecting passage 61, the third connecting passage 51 and the second connecting passage 11 are sequentially communicated. A high pressure circulation pump at the surface may pump drilling fluid through the drill string, the first connection channel 61, the third connection channel 51 and the second connection channel 11.
Preferably, the first connecting channel 61, the third connecting channel 51 and the second connecting channel 11 are respectively and eccentrically arranged, so that when the bit body 1 rotates relatively to the joint 6, the pump pressure of the pump body for providing drilling fluid for the bit fluctuates, the relative sliding speed of the bit body 1 and the joint 6 can be determined by collecting the fluctuation frequency data of the pump pressure, and when the relative sliding speed of the bit body 1 and the joint 6 is too high, an operator can adjust drilling parameters, so that the condition of idle running can be avoided.
Be provided with anti-falling screw 7 between joint 6 and connecting axle 5, anti-falling screw 7 pierces through joint 6 and gets into inside connecting axle 5, anti-falling screw 7 respectively with joint 6, connecting axle 5 threaded connection, avoid appearing the condition of taking off the silk between joint 6 and the connecting axle 5.
Example two
In connection with fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a drill bit monitorable system comprising a drill bit as provided in embodiment one and a surface control device for monitoring the pump fluctuation frequency of the drilling fluid provided to the drill bit.
The ground monitoring device comprises a pressure sensor 101, an A/D converter 102, an industrial personal computer 103, a display 104, a recorder 105 and an alarm 106, wherein the pressure sensor 101 is used for collecting pumping pressure signals, the pressure sensor 101 is connected with the input end of the A/D converter 102, the A/D converter 102 is used for converting analog signals into digital signals, the output end of the A/D converter 102 is connected with the industrial personal computer 103, so that the digital signals are transmitted into the industrial personal computer 103, the industrial personal computer 103 is respectively connected with the display 104, the recorder 105 and the alarm 106, the industrial personal computer 103 processes the digital signals, data are stored in the industrial personal computer 103, the data can be displayed and stored in the recorder 105 through the display 104, the industrial personal computer 103 can also compare the vertical and preset safety thresholds, and when the preset safety thresholds are exceeded, an alarm is sent out through the alarm 106 to remind operators to adjust drilling parameters.
Example III
The present embodiment provides a drill torque monitoring method of the drill monitorable system described in the second embodiment, including the following steps:
step 1, during normal drilling, the joint 6, the bit body 1 and the torque adjusting assembly synchronously rotate with a drill string;
Step 2, the pressure sensor 101 collects the value of the drilling fluid pump pressure and the analog signal of the fluctuation frequency and transmits the analog signal to the A/D converter 102, and the A/D converter 102 converts the analog signal into a digital signal and then inputs the digital signal into the industrial personal computer 103;
step 3, the industrial personal computer 103 processes the input digital signals and stores the processed digital signals in the industrial personal computer 103, and simultaneously displays the processed digital signals through the display 104 and stores the processed digital signals through the recorder 105;
Step 4, the industrial personal computer 103 judges whether the fluctuation frequency of the drilling fluid pump pressure reaches or exceeds a preset threshold value;
step 5, when the step is judged to be yes, the industrial personal computer 103 controls the alarm 106 to give an alarm to remind operators to adjust drilling parameters; when the step is judged to be no, an alarm is not sent out;
And 6, after the alarm 106 alarms, an operator comprehensively judges according to the factors such as the bit pressure, the rotating speed, the displacement, the pump pressure, the stratum and the like at the moment, and adjusts drilling parameters until the fluctuation frequency of the pump pressure falls within a limited frequency, so that the purpose of monitoring the torque is achieved.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. A drill bit, which is characterized by comprising a joint (6), a drill bit body (1) and a torque adjusting component;
the joint (6) is used for connecting a drill string, and the joint (6) is connected with the drill bit body (1) through the torque adjusting assembly;
A polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit (111) is fixedly arranged on the drill bit body (1);
The torque adjusting component comprises a shell (2), a disc spring (3), a connecting shaft (5), a first friction plate (8), a first rigid body (9), a second friction plate (81) and a second rigid body (91);
One end of the shell (2) is in sliding abutting connection with the joint (6), the other end of the shell is fixedly connected with the drill bit body (1), and the disc spring (3), the first friction plate (8), the first rigid body (9), the second friction plate (81) and the second rigid body (91) are annular sheet bodies which are arranged concentrically with the shell (2) and are positioned in the shell (2); the shell (2) is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the shell (2) and the joint (6) are coaxial, one end of the shell (2) forms a sliding surface (4), and the sliding surface (4) is in sliding abutting joint with the joint (6);
The connecting shaft (5) is concentrically arranged with the shell (2), one end of the connecting shaft (5) is fixedly connected with the joint (6), the other end of the connecting shaft is positioned in the shell (2), and the disc spring (3), the first friction plate (8), the first rigid body (9), the second friction plate (81) and the second rigid body (91) are sleeved on the outer side of the part of the connecting shaft (5) positioned in the shell (2);
The second rigid body (91) is fixedly connected with the shell (2) and the second friction plate (81) respectively, the first friction plate (8) is in sliding butt with the second friction plate (81), one side of the first friction plate (8) deviating from the second friction plate (81) is fixedly connected with the first rigid body (9), one side of the first rigid body (9) deviating from the first friction plate (8) is in butt connection with the disc spring (3), one side of the disc spring (3) deviating from the first rigid body (9) is in butt connection with the lower part of the connecting shaft (5), and the first rigid body (9) and the first friction plate (8) are in spline connection with the connecting shaft (5) respectively.
2. Drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the joint (6) is internally formed with a first connecting channel (61), the connecting shaft (5) is internally formed with a third connecting channel (51), the drill bit body (1) is internally formed with a second connecting channel (11), and the first connecting channel (61), the third connecting channel (51) and the second connecting channel (11) are sequentially communicated.
3. Drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that the first (61), third (51) and second (11) connecting channels are each arranged eccentrically.
4. Drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that a fall-preventing screw (7) is arranged between the joint (6) and the connecting shaft (5), the fall-preventing screw (7) penetrates the joint (6) and enters the connecting shaft (5), and the fall-preventing screw (7) is in threaded connection with the joint (6) and the connecting shaft (5) respectively.
5. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein the polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit (111) is welded to the bit body (1).
6. A drill bit monitorable system comprising a drill bit as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 and a surface monitoring device for monitoring the pump fluctuation frequency of drilling fluid provided to the drill bit.
7. The drill bit monitorable system according to claim 6, wherein said ground monitoring device comprises a pressure sensor (101), an a/D converter (102), an industrial personal computer (103), a display (104), a recorder (105) and an alarm (106), said pressure sensor (101) is used for collecting pumping pressure signals, said pressure sensor (101) is connected with an input of said a/D converter (102), an output of said a/D converter (102) is connected with said industrial personal computer (103), said industrial personal computer (103) is connected with said display (104), said recorder (105) and said alarm (106), respectively.
8. A method of bit torque monitoring for a bit monitorable system according to claim 7 and comprising the steps of:
Step 1, during normal drilling, the joint (6), the bit body (1) and the torque adjusting assembly synchronously rotate with a drill string;
Step 2, a pressure sensor (101) collects the numerical value of drilling fluid pumping pressure and the analog signal of fluctuation frequency, and transmits the analog signal to an A/D converter (102), and the A/D converter (102) converts the analog signal into a digital signal and then inputs the digital signal into an industrial personal computer (103);
step 3, the industrial personal computer (103) processes the input digital signals, stores the processed digital signals in the industrial personal computer (103), and displays the processed digital signals through the display (104) and stores the processed digital signals through the recorder (105);
Step4, the industrial personal computer (103) judges whether the fluctuation frequency of the pumping pressure of the drilling fluid reaches or exceeds a preset threshold value;
Step 5, when the step is judged to be that the drilling parameter is judged to be the drilling parameter, the industrial personal computer (103) controls the alarm (106) to give an alarm to remind an operator to adjust the drilling parameter; when the step is judged to be no, an alarm is not sent out;
And 6, after the alarm (106) alarms, an operator comprehensively judges according to the current weight on bit, rotation speed, displacement, pump pressure and stratum factors, and adjusts drilling parameters until the fluctuation frequency of the pump pressure falls within a limited frequency, so that the purpose of monitoring torque is achieved.
CN201911185270.3A 2019-11-27 2019-11-27 Drill bit, drill bit monitorable system and drill bit torque monitoring method Active CN110924871B (en)

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CN112963138A (en) * 2021-03-17 2021-06-15 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司 Automatic drilling monitoring device of drilling machine, drill bit mechanism and drill bit replacement forecasting system
CN113503152A (en) * 2021-06-08 2021-10-15 东台升华工具有限公司 Drill bit working condition intelligent control system with pressure sensor
CN115874954B (en) * 2023-03-01 2023-05-16 招远市鲁东矿山机械有限公司 Drilling device for excavating working face roof rock

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