CN110375065B - Gear shifting mechanism, power system and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Gear shifting mechanism, power system and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110375065B CN110375065B CN201910765571.7A CN201910765571A CN110375065B CN 110375065 B CN110375065 B CN 110375065B CN 201910765571 A CN201910765571 A CN 201910765571A CN 110375065 B CN110375065 B CN 110375065B
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- shift
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- engagement
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/304—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明的实施例提供了一种换档机构、动力系统和电动车，换档机构应用于变速机构，换档机构包括：换档单元，换档单元包括换档电机、齿轮减速机构、换档拨指、换档拨叉轴以及与换档拨叉轴连接的拨叉；换档电机通过直齿轮减速机构与换档拨指传动连接，用于驱动换档拨指做周向摆动；换档拨指与换档拨叉轴连接，以带动换档拨叉轴沿自身轴向往复运动；拨叉用于与变速机构的接合套连接，换档过程中当接合套的内齿与变速机构的接合齿圈的外齿顶齿或打齿后，反作用力会通过齿轮减速机构传递至换档电机，以使换档电机反转并返回至空档位置。换档过程中，接合套和接合齿圈顶齿或者打齿后，换档电机能够反转，避免接合齿损坏，延长变速机构的使用寿命。
The embodiment of the present invention provides a shift mechanism, a power system and an electric vehicle. The shift mechanism is applied to a speed change mechanism. The shift mechanism includes: a shift unit, the shift unit includes a shift motor, a gear reduction mechanism, a shift finger, a shift fork shaft and a shift fork connected to the shift fork shaft; the shift motor is connected to the shift finger through a spur gear reduction mechanism, and is used to drive the shift finger to swing in a circumferential direction; the shift finger is connected to the shift fork shaft to drive the shift fork shaft to reciprocate along its own axis; the shift fork is used to connect with the engagement sleeve of the speed change mechanism. During the shifting process, when the inner teeth of the engagement sleeve and the outer teeth of the engagement gear ring of the speed change mechanism are toothed or hit, the reaction force will be transmitted to the shift motor through the gear reduction mechanism, so that the shift motor is reversed and returned to the neutral position. During the shifting process, after the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring are toothed or hit, the shift motor can be reversed to avoid damage to the engagement teeth and extend the service life of the speed change mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a gear shifting mechanism, a power system and an electric vehicle.
Background
In the prior art, the electric automobile gearbox adopts a structure without a synchronizer and a clutch, the rotation speed of a driving motor is controlled to enable the rotation speed of an input shaft to be synchronous with the rotation speed of an output shaft, when the rotation speed is synchronous, a joint sleeve is close to a joint gear ring, and when the joint sleeve is jointed with the joint gear ring, the input shaft and the output shaft synchronously rotate, so that the power of the driving motor is transmitted to a driving wheel.
Because the gearbox with the structure without the clutch and the synchronizer is adopted, the problem of tooth ejection exists in the gear shifting process, and the gear shifting mechanism matched with the gearbox adopts a worm gear structure, when the gearbox is shifted, the gear ejection problem is solved, and then the gear is locked due to the worm gear, so that the engaging teeth of the gearbox are damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention consists, for example, in providing a gear shifting mechanism, a power system and an electric vehicle, which are capable of reversing the gear shifting motor when a top tooth or a latch tooth occurs during gear shifting, so as to avoid damage to the engagement teeth of the gearbox and to prolong the service life of the gearbox.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shift mechanism applied to a synchronizer-free and clutch-free transmission mechanism, the shift mechanism including:
The gear shifting unit comprises a gear shifting motor, a gear reduction mechanism, a gear shifting fork, a gear shifting fork shaft and a shifting fork connected with the gear shifting fork shaft, wherein the gear shifting motor is in transmission connection with the gear shifting fork through the gear reduction mechanism and is used for driving the gear shifting fork to swing circumferentially, the gear shifting fork is connected with the gear shifting fork shaft so as to drive the gear shifting fork shaft to reciprocate axially, the shifting fork is used for being connected with a joint sleeve of a speed changing mechanism, and when the inner teeth of the joint sleeve are in tooth contact with the outer teeth of a joint gear ring of the speed changing mechanism or tooth striking, reaction force is transmitted to the gear shifting motor through the gear reduction mechanism, so that the gear shifting motor is locked and then rotates reversely and returns to a neutral position.
In an alternative embodiment, the gear reduction mechanism is provided as a spur gear reduction mechanism.
In an alternative embodiment, the gear ratio I of the gear reduction mechanism is set to be in the range of 8.ltoreq.I.ltoreq.12.
In an alternative embodiment, the gear ratio I of the gear reduction mechanism is set to 10.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of shift units is set to two.
In an alternative embodiment, the gear reduction mechanism comprises a driving gear connected with a motor shaft of the gear shifting motor, a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear which are coaxially arranged, and a gear shifting gear connected with the gear shifting finger, wherein the driving gear is meshed with the first transmission gear, and the second transmission gear is meshed with the gear shifting gear.
In an alternative embodiment, the two shift fingers of the two shift units are arranged coaxially.
In an alternative embodiment, the gear shifting mechanism further comprises a casing, the gear shifting unit is connected with the casing, and the locking assembly is connected to the gear shifting fork shaft and the casing and used for preventing the gear shifting fork shaft from moving axially to be out of gear after gear shifting is completed.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power system, including:
A gear change mechanism and a gear change mechanism according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein a fork of the gear change mechanism is connected to an engagement sleeve of the gear change mechanism.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, including:
A gear change mechanism according to any of the preceding embodiments or a power system according to the preceding embodiments.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention include, for example:
In summary, the present embodiment provides a gear shifting mechanism, where a gear shifting motor is connected to a gear shifting finger through a gear reduction mechanism, the gear shifting finger is connected to a gear shifting fork shaft, the gear shifting fork shaft is connected to a fork, and the fork is used to connect to a joint sleeve of the gear shifting mechanism. When a gear is required to be shifted, the gear shifting motor is started, torque is transmitted to the gear shifting finger through the gear reduction mechanism, the gear shifting finger swings towards the set direction, the gear shifting fork shaft is driven to move along the axis of the gear shifting fork shaft, the shifting fork is driven to move together, the shifting fork moves to drive the engagement sleeve to move towards the corresponding engagement gear ring, and the engagement sleeve is engaged with the engagement gear ring, so that gear shifting is realized. When the gear shifting process occurs, the gear ejecting force is generated between the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring, the gear ejecting force prevents the engagement sleeve from being engaged with the engagement gear ring, and the engagement sleeve has a movement trend away from the engagement gear ring, because the gear shifting motor transmits torque to the shifting fork through the gear reduction mechanism, after the engagement sleeve receives the gear ejecting force, the engagement sleeve can move away from the engagement gear ring and drive the shift fork shaft to move reversely, so that the shift motor rotates reversely after locked, the gear ejecting force can be counteracted after the shift motor rotates reversely, the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring are prevented from being damaged, the risk of damage of the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring is reduced, and the service life of the speed change mechanism is prolonged.
The power system provided by this embodiment includes the shift mechanism mentioned in the above embodiment, and has all the advantages of the shift mechanism.
The electric vehicle provided in this embodiment includes the power system or the shift mechanism mentioned in the above embodiment, and has all the advantages of the shift mechanism or the power system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gear shifting mechanism provided in the present embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a disassembled casing of the gear shifting mechanism according to the present embodiment.
The icons are 001-shift mechanism, 100-shift motor, 200-gear reduction mechanism, 210-driving gear, 220-driving shaft, 230-driven shaft, 240-first transmission gear, 250-second transmission gear, 260-shift gear, 300-shift finger, 310-finger shaft and 400-casing.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or the positional relationship in which the inventive product is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus it should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for indicating or implying a relative importance.
It should be noted that features of embodiments of the present invention may be mutually engaged without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a gear shifting mechanism 001, which is applied to a gear shifting mechanism without a synchronizer and a clutch to assist gear shifting, and in the gear shifting process, after the engaging sleeve and the engaging gear ring of the gear shifting mechanism have top teeth or are toothed, the gear shifting motor 100 can be reversed, so that the engaging sleeve and the engaging gear ring are prevented from being damaged, and the service life of the gear shifting mechanism is prolonged.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the shift mechanism 001 provided in this embodiment includes a shift unit, where the shift unit includes a shift motor 100, a gear reduction mechanism 200, a shift finger 300, a shift fork shaft (not shown) with a groove, and a shift fork (not shown) connected to the shift fork shaft, where the shift motor 100 is in driving connection with the shift finger 300 through a spur gear reduction mechanism, and is used to drive the shift finger 300 to swing circumferentially, where the shift finger 300 engages with the groove on the shift fork shaft, and the shift finger 300 reciprocates along its axial direction during the swing, where the shift fork is used to connect with an engagement sleeve of the transmission mechanism, and where when the internal teeth of the engagement sleeve contact with the external teeth of the engagement ring of the transmission mechanism, or after the tooth is made, a reaction force is transmitted to the shift motor 100 through the gear reduction mechanism 200, so as to reverse the shift motor 100 and return to a neutral position.
In this embodiment, the shift motor 100 is connected to the shift finger 300 through the gear reduction mechanism 200, the shift finger 300 is connected to a shift rail, the shift rail is connected to a fork, and the fork is used to connect to an engagement sleeve of the transmission mechanism. When a gear is required to be shifted, the gear shifting motor 100 is started, torque is transmitted to the gear shifting finger 300 through the gear reduction mechanism 200, the gear shifting finger 300 swings towards a set direction, the gear shifting fork shaft is driven to move along the axis of the gear shifting fork shaft, the shifting fork is driven to move together, the shifting fork moves to drive the engagement sleeve to move towards the corresponding engagement gear ring, and the engagement sleeve is engaged with the engagement gear ring, so that gear shifting is realized. When the top teeth or the clamping teeth of the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring occur in the gear shifting process, the top teeth force can be generated at the moment, the top teeth force prevents the engagement sleeve from being engaged with the engagement gear ring, and the movement trend of enabling the engagement sleeve to be far away from the engagement gear ring is provided, because the gear shifting motor 100 transmits torque to the shifting fork through the gear reduction mechanism 200, after the engagement sleeve receives the top teeth force, the engagement sleeve can move far away from the engagement gear ring and drives the gear shifting fork shaft to reversely move, finally, the gear shifting motor 100 is reversely rotated after locked, the top teeth force can be counteracted after the gear shifting motor 100 is reversely rotated, the damage of the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring is avoided, the risk of the damage of the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring is reduced, and the service life of the speed change mechanism is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the gear ratio I of the gear reduction mechanism 200 is set to be 8.ltoreq.I.ltoreq.12, and alternatively, the gear ratio I of the gear reduction mechanism 200 is set to be 10. Obviously, in other embodiments, the gear ratio I of the gear reduction mechanism 200 may also be set to 8, 9, 11 or 12, etc. The gear ratio of the gear reduction mechanism 200 is set to be 8-12, the gear shift motor 100 transmits torque to the shifting fork after being decelerated by the gear reduction mechanism 200, the speed of the shifting fork is reduced, the engagement sleeve is convenient to engage with the engagement gear ring, and the gear shift is easier. Meanwhile, after the gear reduction mechanism 200 is used for reducing the speed of the gear shifting motor 100, the gear shifting motor 100 can output larger torque, so that the situation that the top tooth force is smaller than the maximum gear shifting force provided by the gear shifting motor 100 in the gear shifting process can not occur under the condition that the top tooth force or the top tooth force after tooth punching is smaller than the maximum gear shifting force provided by the gear shifting motor 100 under the premise that enough torque is provided to drive a shifting fork to enable a joint sleeve to be engaged with a joint gear ring is avoided, and the joint sleeve and the joint gear ring are prevented from being damaged.
For example, in one specific application of the gear shifting mechanism 001 provided in this embodiment, the maximum gear shifting force of the gear shifting motor 100 is 670n, the minimum gear ejecting force of the engagement sleeve and the engagement ring gear after ejecting or tooth-forming during gear shifting is 1000n, and the gear ejecting force is larger than the maximum gear shifting force of the gear shifting motor 100, so that the gear shifting motor 100 can be reversed after ejecting or tooth-forming during gear shifting, and damage to the engagement teeth is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the gear reduction mechanism 200 is provided as a spur gear reduction mechanism 200. The gear reduction mechanism 200 includes a driving gear 210, a driving shaft 220, a driven shaft 230, a first transmission gear 240, a second transmission gear 250, and a shift gear 260. The driving gear 210 is a spur gear, the driving shaft 220 is coaxially arranged with and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the gear shifting motor 100, and the driving gear 210 is sleeved outside the driving shaft 220 and fixedly connected to the driving shaft 220. The driven shaft 230 is mounted on the casing 400 of the gear shifting mechanism 001, the first transmission gear 240 and the second transmission gear 250 are both sleeved outside the driven shaft 230, the driven shaft 230 can rotate around the axis of the driven shaft 230 relative to the casing 400, and the first transmission gear 240 and the second transmission gear 250 are both fixed on the driven shaft 230 and rotate together with the driven shaft 230. The shift gear 260 is fixed to the shift finger 300 or the shift gear 260 is integrally formed with the shift finger 300. The driving gear 210 is engaged with the first transfer gear 240, and the second transfer gear 250 is engaged with the shift gear 260. Optionally, the second transmission gear 250 is a sector gear. The shift gear 260 is a sector gear.
In this embodiment, the number of the shift units is two, and the two shift units are independently controlled, so that the shift of four gears can be realized. In other words, the two shift units include two shift fingers 300, and each shift finger 300 performs a shift of two gear positions, thereby performing four gear positions corresponding to the two shift fingers 300. It is apparent that each shift finger 300 has one position in neutral, and that each shift finger 300 includes three gear positions. For example, one shift finger 300 includes first gear, second gear, and neutral between first gear and second gear. The other shift finger 300 includes third gear, fourth gear and neutral between third gear and fourth gear.
In this embodiment, alternatively, the two shift fingers 300 of the two shift units share one finger shaft 310, the finger shaft 310 is mounted on the casing 400, and the two shift fingers 300 are coaxially arranged, so that the size of the shift mechanism 001 is small, and the occupied space is small.
In this embodiment, the gear shifting mechanism 001 further includes a housing 400, and a locking assembly connected to the housing 400 and the shift rail, wherein the locking assembly is used for preventing the shift rail from moving axially to shift out after the shift rail is shifted. Optionally, the locking component includes telescopic inserted bar, and the inserted bar is connected with casing 400, is provided with the draw-in groove on the shift rail, and after the gear shift was accomplished, the inserted bar can peg graft in the draw-in groove after the extension, realizes the location of shift rail, avoids the gear shift. The length of the plug rod can be adjusted by the cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder.
In the gear shifting mechanism 001 provided in this embodiment, after the top teeth or the teeth are made in the gear shifting process, the gear shifting motor 100 can be reversed, so that the damage of the engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring is avoided.
The embodiment also provides a power system which comprises a speed changing mechanism and the gear shifting mechanism 001, wherein a shifting fork of the gear shifting mechanism 001 is connected with a joint sleeve of the speed changing mechanism.
The embodiment also provides an electric vehicle, which comprises the gear shifting mechanism 001 or the power system.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910765571.7A CN110375065B (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Gear shifting mechanism, power system and electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910765571.7A CN110375065B (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Gear shifting mechanism, power system and electric vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110375065A CN110375065A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
| CN110375065B true CN110375065B (en) | 2024-12-27 |
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| CN201910765571.7A Active CN110375065B (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Gear shifting mechanism, power system and electric vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105065635A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆隆旺机电有限责任公司 | Main reducer assembly with automatic gear shifting function |
| CN108953590A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-07 | 清华大学 | A kind of double shift motor executing agencies for mechanical automatic gearbox |
| CN109340369A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉理工通宇新源动力有限公司 | Two-speed mechanical transmission shift actuator and mechanical automatic transmission |
| CN110360314A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-22 | 宜宾丰川动力科技有限公司 | A kind of shift mechanism and electric vehicle |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103016711B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2016-04-20 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of shift-selecting and changing actuating mechanism and automatic transmission |
| CN205745238U (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2016-11-30 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of shift-selecting and changing actuating mechanism for automatic speed transmission |
| CN206555428U (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-10-13 | 深圳东风汽车有限公司 | A kind of electric automobile and its auto-shifting device |
| CN206802276U (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-12-26 | 吉林大学 | A kind of four gear AMT gear shifting actuating mechanisms of electric car |
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2019
- 2019-08-19 CN CN201910765571.7A patent/CN110375065B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105065635A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆隆旺机电有限责任公司 | Main reducer assembly with automatic gear shifting function |
| CN108953590A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-07 | 清华大学 | A kind of double shift motor executing agencies for mechanical automatic gearbox |
| CN109340369A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉理工通宇新源动力有限公司 | Two-speed mechanical transmission shift actuator and mechanical automatic transmission |
| CN110360314A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-22 | 宜宾丰川动力科技有限公司 | A kind of shift mechanism and electric vehicle |
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| CN110375065A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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