CN110327166B - Movable transposition device - Google Patents
Movable transposition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110327166B CN110327166B CN201910468494.9A CN201910468494A CN110327166B CN 110327166 B CN110327166 B CN 110327166B CN 201910468494 A CN201910468494 A CN 201910468494A CN 110327166 B CN110327166 B CN 110327166B
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- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1051—Arrangements for steering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/14—Standing-up or sitting-down aids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/10—General characteristics of devices characterised by specific control means, e.g. for adjustment or steering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/70—General characteristics of devices with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/70—General characteristics of devices with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort
- A61G2203/72—General characteristics of devices with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort for collision prevention
- A61G2203/723—Impact absorbing means, e.g. bumpers or airbags
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种移动换位器，是针对现有同类产品生产装配不便，生产成本较高，稳定性、安全性欠佳，使用操作不便的技术问题而设计。该移动换位器的移动机构中底座底部设有万向轮，万向轮设有刹车，底座的顶部重心处设有抬升机构；其要点是所述抬升机构的脚踏板铰接固定于立柱的一端，并设有棘轮和棘轮爪，脚踏板位于底座的上方，靠近立柱一侧的脚踏板、传动杆、连杆依次铰接固定连接构成联动结构，连杆的顶部与胸支撑杆及把手固定连接，连杆呈“E”字形，连杆的立柱铰接固定端延伸设有缓冲机构；胸支撑杆及把手的传动杆一侧设有T型把手，腋下支撑架呈V字形向上翘起并对称设置于胸部挡板的两侧，把手一侧的手刹通过刹车线与棘轮爪连接。
The present invention relates to a mobile transposer, which is designed to solve the technical problems of inconvenient production and assembly, high production cost, poor stability and safety, and inconvenient operation of existing similar products. In the mobile mechanism of the mobile transposer, a universal wheel is provided at the bottom of the base, the universal wheel is provided with a brake, and a lifting mechanism is provided at the center of gravity of the top of the base; the key points are that the foot pedal of the lifting mechanism is hinged and fixed to one end of the column, and is provided with a ratchet and a ratchet claw, the foot pedal is located above the base, the foot pedal, the transmission rod, and the connecting rod close to the side of the column are hinged and fixed in sequence to form a linkage structure, the top of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the chest support rod and the handle, the connecting rod is in an "E" shape, and the column hinged fixed end of the connecting rod is extended with a buffer mechanism; a T-shaped handle is provided on one side of the transmission rod of the chest support rod and the handle, the armpit support frame is tilted upward in a V shape and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the chest baffle, and the handbrake on one side of the handle is connected to the ratchet claw through a brake line.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及辅助摆渡装置，是一种移动换位器。The invention relates to an auxiliary ferry device, which is a mobile transposer.
背景技术Background Art
辅助摆渡装置是一种主要用于解决老年人及腿部残疾人行动不便，为单独照顾者提供一种方便快捷移动被照顾者的装置。目前我国已处于老龄化社会，老龄事业发展和养老体系建设规划提出积极开展应对人口老龄化行动，推动老龄事业全面协调可持续发展，健全养老体系。而就目前来看针对老年人的设备较少，很多企业认为老年人市场成本高，利润低，消费不强劲，不敢在设计、生产和销售方面加大投入，造成了现在老龄产品“总量小、品种少、规模小、传统产品多、科技含量少”的局面。特别是一些失能老人存在下肢瘫痪的疾病，在日常生活中完成短距离移动较为困难，看护人员的工作负担较大；为此，如中国专利文献中披露的申请号201610902403.4，申请公布日2017.02.01，发明名称“一种辅助病人摆渡装置”；再如中国专利文献中披露的申请号201610715530.3，申请公布日2016.12.21，发明名称“一种站立康复轮椅车”。上述为用于下肢疾病患者的摆渡移动或康复移动的装置，但存在结构较为复杂，生产成本较高，或者操作较为不便，较难用于换位移动的操作。The auxiliary ferry device is a device mainly used to solve the mobility problems of the elderly and leg disabled people, and to provide a convenient and fast device for single caregivers to move the cared person. At present, my country is already in an aging society. The development plan of the elderly cause and the construction plan of the elderly care system proposes to actively carry out actions to cope with the aging of the population, promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of the elderly cause, and improve the elderly care system. At present, there are few devices for the elderly. Many companies believe that the elderly market has high costs, low profits, and weak consumption, so they dare not increase investment in design, production and sales, resulting in the current situation of "small total amount, few varieties, small scale, many traditional products, and low technological content" of elderly products. In particular, some disabled elderly people have lower limb paralysis, which makes it difficult for them to move short distances in daily life, and the caregivers have a heavy workload. For this reason, for example, the application number 201610902403.4 disclosed in the Chinese patent literature, the application publication date 2017.02.01, and the invention name "A device for assisting patients in ferrying"; another example is the application number 201610715530.3 disclosed in the Chinese patent literature, the application publication date 2016.12.21, and the invention name "A standing rehabilitation wheelchair". The above-mentioned devices are used for ferrying or rehabilitation movement of patients with lower limb diseases, but they have a relatively complex structure, high production cost, or are inconvenient to operate and difficult to use for transposition movement.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为克服上述不足，本发明的目的是向本领域提供一种移动换位器，使其解决现有同类产品生产装配不便，生产成本较高，稳定性、安全性欠佳，使用操作不便的技术问题。其目的是通过如下技术方案实现的。In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile transposer in the art, so as to solve the technical problems of the existing similar products, such as inconvenient production and assembly, high production cost, poor stability and safety, and inconvenient operation. The purpose is achieved through the following technical solution.
一种移动换位器，该移动换位器包括支撑机构、抬升机构和移动机构，移动机构的底座底部设有万向轮，万向轮通过第六螺栓固定于底座，万向轮设有刹车，底座的顶部重心处设有抬升机构；万向轮实现整个机构的移动，万向轮实现整个机构转向时的方便，面对任何障碍能轻松绕开；而刹车则在将被转移者从椅子转移至该移动换位器时，将机构的位置固定，从而保证了一人便即可完成对失能老人或下肢残疾的人的转移。其特征在于所述抬升机构的脚踏板一端通过轴、第二垫片、第三垫片铰接固定于立柱的一端，脚踏板位于底座的上方，靠近立柱一侧的脚踏板通过第五螺栓与传动杆的一端连接，传动杆的另一端通过第四螺栓、第三螺母、第二轴套、第一垫片铰接固定于连杆的一端，连杆的另一端顶部与胸支撑杆及把手固定连接，连杆的另一端底部通过第三螺栓、第二螺母、第一轴套与立柱的另一端铰接固定，连杆呈“[”字形；胸支撑杆及把手的传动杆一侧设有T型把手，胸支撑杆及把手的对称另一侧设有V型的腋下支撑架及胸部挡板，即腋下支撑架呈V字形向上翘起并对称设置于胸部挡板的两侧，胸部挡板设有软包。上述腋下支撑架及胸部挡板即为支撑在移动换位的被转移者，腋下支撑架及胸部挡板由腋下支撑架和胸部挡板两个机构组成，腋下支撑架对被转移者的大臂提供向上的力，以实现对被转移者的腋下支撑，胸部挡板则固定被转移者前胸位置。使用该移动换位器时，被转移者扶起呈坐姿状态，被转移者的双脚放入底座，被转移者通过胸支撑杆及把手的把手带动设有腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的胸支撑杆向被搬动者一侧推入，被转移者通过腋下趴在腋下支撑架上，手部握持住胸支撑杆的顶部；接着，通过把手和脚踏板的共同用力，下压胸支撑杆及把手，通过杠杆原理，随着把手与脚踏板相对位置的改变，从而实现被转移者抬升，翘起被转移者，实现被转移者的状态发生转变，从而更好地方便搬运者的用力，用最小的力来实现被转移者离开凳面或床面。上述连杆、传动杆、脚踏板构成联动结构，并固定于立杆，通过连杆带动胸支撑杆及把手和腋下支撑架及胸部挡板实现抬升操作。A mobile positioner comprises a supporting mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a moving mechanism. A universal wheel is provided at the bottom of a base of the moving mechanism, the universal wheel is fixed to the base by a sixth bolt, the universal wheel is provided with a brake, and a lifting mechanism is provided at the top center of gravity of the base; the universal wheel enables the movement of the entire mechanism, and the universal wheel enables the convenience of turning the entire mechanism, and any obstacle can be easily bypassed; and the brake fixes the position of the mechanism when the person to be transferred is transferred from the chair to the mobile positioner, thereby ensuring that one person can complete the transfer of disabled elderly people or people with lower limb disabilities. It is characterized in that one end of the foot pedal of the lifting mechanism is hingedly fixed to one end of the column through an axis, a second gasket and a third gasket, the foot pedal is located above the base, and the foot pedal close to the side of the column is connected to one end of the transmission rod through a fifth bolt, and the other end of the transmission rod is hingedly fixed to one end of the connecting rod through a fourth bolt, a third nut, a second sleeve and a first gasket, and the top of the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the chest support rod and the handle, and the bottom of the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly fixed to the other end of the column through the third bolt, the second nut and the first sleeve, and the connecting rod is in a "[" shape; a T-shaped handle is provided on one side of the transmission rod of the chest support rod and the handle, and a V-shaped underarm support frame and a chest baffle are provided on the other symmetrical side of the chest support rod and the handle, that is, the underarm support frame is V-shaped, tilted upward and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the chest baffle, and the chest baffle is provided with a soft bag. The above-mentioned underarm support frame and chest baffle are used to support the person to be transferred during the mobile position change. The underarm support frame and chest baffle are composed of two mechanisms, the underarm support frame and the chest baffle. The underarm support frame provides an upward force to the upper arm of the person to be transferred to achieve the underarm support of the person to be transferred, and the chest baffle fixes the chest position of the person to be transferred. When using the mobile position changer, the person to be transferred is lifted up to a sitting position, and the feet of the person to be transferred are placed in the base. The person to be transferred drives the chest support rod provided with the underarm support frame and the chest baffle to push it toward the side of the person to be transferred through the chest support rod and the handle of the handle. The person to be transferred lies on the underarm support frame through the armpit, and holds the top of the chest support rod with the hand; then, the chest support rod and the handle are pressed down by the joint force of the handle and the foot pedal. Through the principle of lever, as the relative position of the handle and the foot pedal changes, the person to be transferred is lifted, the person to be transferred is tilted, and the state of the person to be transferred is changed, so as to better facilitate the force of the carrier, and use the minimum force to achieve the transferee leaving the stool surface or the bed surface. The connecting rod, transmission rod and foot pedal constitute a linkage structure and are fixed to the vertical pole. The chest support rod and handle, underarm support frame and chest baffle are driven by the connecting rod to realize the lifting operation.
所述抬升机构的脚踏板固定端设有棘轮，棘轮一侧抬升机构的立柱设有棘轮爪，棘轮爪的一端通过第十螺栓铰接固定于立柱，棘轮爪与棘轮啮合，胸支撑杆及把手的T型把手一侧设有手刹，手刹通过刹车线与棘轮爪的另一端连接，刹车线与棘轮爪的连接处设有刹车弹簧。如果该移动换位器单利用杠杆原理，由于存在转移过程中中途脱手的现象，这对于下肢不便的被转移者而言是十分危险的，加入棘轮能防止搬运者突然失力造成机构的下落，导致无法预计的风险，加入棘轮使被转移者的位置状态不发生改变；该移动换位器抬升至最高处时，棘轮固定住机构的位置，使搬运者到达目的地后放松双手；当人需要松开棘轮爪时，按下把手的手刹，相连棘轮爪的刹车线松开棘轮，以实现整个机构的下降。A ratchet is provided at the fixed end of the foot pedal of the lifting mechanism, and a ratchet pawl is provided on the column of the lifting mechanism on one side of the ratchet. One end of the ratchet pawl is hinged and fixed to the column by the tenth bolt, and the ratchet pawl is meshed with the ratchet. A handbrake is provided on one side of the chest support rod and the T-handle of the handle. The handbrake is connected to the other end of the ratchet pawl through a brake line, and a brake spring is provided at the connection between the brake line and the ratchet pawl. If the mobile positioner only uses the lever principle, it is very dangerous for the person being transferred with lower limb disability because of the phenomenon of slipping out of the hand during the transfer process. Adding a ratchet can prevent the sudden loss of strength of the carrier from causing the mechanism to fall, resulting in unpredictable risks. Adding a ratchet prevents the position of the person being transferred from changing. When the mobile positioner is lifted to the highest point, the ratchet fixes the position of the mechanism, so that the carrier relaxes his hands after reaching the destination. When the person needs to release the ratchet pawl, he presses the handbrake of the handle, and the brake line connected to the ratchet pawl releases the ratchet to achieve the descent of the entire mechanism.
所述腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的胸部挡板下方连杆另一端设有缓冲机构，连杆呈“E”字形，缓冲机构位于立柱与胸部挡板之间的立柱前方，缓冲机构的套筒一端通过第七螺栓铰接固定于连杆，套筒的另一端通过第八螺栓与液压缓冲器一端的液压杆连接，液压缓冲器另一端的壳体通过第一螺栓、第一螺母固定于立柱。从而该移动换位器加入液压缓冲器，使整个机构到达目的地后，放下被转移者的下降过程更为稳定；如果只运用杠杆原理人力来实现整个机构的抬升和下降，那么整个过程是速度必定不均衡，搬运者的突然发力会使的整个下降过程速度不一致，过快的下降会大大降低被转移者的舒适感；加入液压缓冲器则使整个下降过程匀速缓慢，提升整个机构的使用感。The other end of the connecting rod under the chest baffle of the underarm support frame and the chest baffle is provided with a buffer mechanism, the connecting rod is in the shape of an "E", and the buffer mechanism is located in front of the column between the column and the chest baffle. One end of the sleeve of the buffer mechanism is hinged and fixed to the connecting rod through the seventh bolt, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the hydraulic rod at one end of the hydraulic buffer through the eighth bolt, and the shell of the other end of the hydraulic buffer is fixed to the column through the first bolt and the first nut. Therefore, the mobile transposer adds a hydraulic buffer, so that the descent process of putting down the transferred person after the entire mechanism reaches the destination is more stable; if only the lever principle is used to realize the lifting and lowering of the entire mechanism, then the speed of the entire process must be uneven, and the sudden force of the carrier will make the speed of the entire descent process inconsistent, and the excessive descent will greatly reduce the comfort of the transferred person; adding a hydraulic buffer makes the entire descent process uniform and slow, improving the usability of the entire mechanism.
所述底座的脚踏板一侧呈Y型，腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的胸部挡板下方底部另一侧设有横板，横板与V形口之间的底座两侧设有搁脚板。上述底座相比于长方形的底座能更好的节约原料，降低成本，且更加具有设计感。One side of the footrest of the base is Y-shaped, a horizontal plate is provided on the other side of the bottom of the underarm support frame and the chest baffle below the chest baffle, and footrests are provided on both sides of the base between the horizontal plate and the V-shaped opening. Compared with a rectangular base, the above base can better save raw materials, reduce costs, and has a better sense of design.
所述连杆上方的胸支撑杆及把手设有锁紧套，胸支撑杆及把手的管件通过锁紧套与连杆连接。从而使支撑作用的主轴壳调节，主轴进行纵向长度调节，在一定程度上适应不同身高的被转移者对于该移动换位器的使用要求，适合的高度便于更轻松地将被转移者放入该移动换位器，以方便后期对于被转移者的搬运。The chest support rod and the handle above the connecting rod are provided with a locking sleeve, and the pipe fittings of the chest support rod and the handle are connected to the connecting rod through the locking sleeve. Thus, the main shaft shell for supporting is adjusted, and the main shaft is adjusted in longitudinal length, which can meet the use requirements of the mobile transposer for the transferees of different heights to a certain extent. The suitable height makes it easier for the transferees to be placed in the mobile transposer, so as to facilitate the later transportation of the transferees.
所述脚踏板的传动杆处底部设有缓冲支脚，缓冲支脚包括缓冲杆和缓冲胶套。从而通过缓冲支脚进一步限定脚踏板的行程，起到一定的缓冲和限位作用。A buffer support foot is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod of the pedal, and the buffer support foot comprises a buffer rod and a buffer rubber sleeve, so that the stroke of the pedal is further limited by the buffer support foot, and a certain buffering and limiting effect is played.
所述胸支撑杆及把手的顶部设有扶手，扶手呈T字形，扶手插入胸支撑杆及把手的胸支撑杆，连接处设有锁紧螺丝。从而通过扶手便于被转移者握持住胸支撑杆及把手的胸支撑杆，锁紧螺丝用于扶手使用高度的调节。The top of the chest support rod and the handle is provided with a handrail, which is T-shaped, and the handrail is inserted into the chest support rod and the chest support rod of the handle, and a locking screw is provided at the connection. Therefore, the handrail is convenient for the transferred person to hold the chest support rod and the chest support rod of the handle, and the locking screw is used to adjust the height of the handrail.
所述腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的胸部挡板设有胸部绑带，腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的下方设有腿部支撑架，腿部支撑架设有腰部绑带和腿部绑带。上述结构便于被转移者绑定于腋下支撑架及胸部挡板之后实现安全移动。The underarm support frame and the chest baffle are provided with a chest strap, the underarm support frame and the chest baffle are provided with a leg support frame, and the leg support frame is provided with a waist strap and a leg strap. The above structure facilitates the transferee to be safely moved after being bound to the underarm support frame and the chest baffle.
本发明设计合理，结构简单，生产成本低，装配方便，使用操作便捷、省力、舒适，安全性好；适用作为辅助摆渡装置的移动换位器，及其同类产品的结构改进。The invention has reasonable design, simple structure, low production cost, convenient assembly, convenient and labor-saving operation, comfort and good safety; it is suitable as a mobile transposer of auxiliary ferrying device and structural improvement of similar products.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明的结构示意图，图中作了A-A剖视和B-B剖视，虚线为锁紧套和缓冲支脚。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, in which A-A and B-B sections are shown, and the dotted lines represent the locking sleeve and the buffer support foot.
图2是图1的A-A剖视结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of Fig. 1.
图3是图1的B-B剖视结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of B-B in Fig. 1 .
图4是图1的左视结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of FIG. 1 .
图5是图1的俯视结构示意图，图中省略虚线部分结构。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of FIG. 1 , in which the dotted line structure is omitted.
附图序号及名称：1、万向轮，2、底座，3、轴，4、棘轮，5、液压缓冲器，6、第一螺栓，7、第一螺母，8、套筒，9、腋下支撑架及胸部挡板，10、胸支撑杆及把手，11、第二螺栓，12、连杆，13、第三螺栓，14、第二螺母，15、第四螺栓，16、第一轴套，17、第三螺母，18、传动杆，19、第五螺栓，20、棘轮爪，21、脚踏板，22、第六螺栓，23、键，24、轴承，25、第二轴套，26、第一垫片，27、第七螺栓，28、第八螺栓，29、第四螺母，30、第九螺栓，31、第二垫片，32、第三垫片，33、第十螺栓，34、手刹，35、刹车线。Serial number and name of the accompanying drawings: 1. universal wheel, 2. base, 3. shaft, 4. ratchet, 5. hydraulic buffer, 6. first bolt, 7. first nut, 8. sleeve, 9. underarm support frame and chest baffle, 10. chest support rod and handle, 11. second bolt, 12. connecting rod, 13. third bolt, 14. second nut, 15. fourth bolt, 16. first sleeve, 17. third nut, 18. transmission rod, 19. fifth bolt, 20. ratchet pawl, 21. foot pedal, 22. sixth bolt, 23. key, 24. bearing, 25. second sleeve, 26. first gasket, 27. seventh bolt, 28. eighth bolt, 29. fourth nut, 30. ninth bolt, 31. second gasket, 32. third gasket, 33. tenth bolt, 34. handbrake, 35. brake line.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
现结合附图，对本发明结构作进一步描述。如图1-图5所示，该移动换位器包括支撑机构、抬升机构和移动机构，移动机构的底座2底部设有万向轮1，万向轮通过第六螺栓22固定于底座，万向轮设有刹车，底座的顶部重心处设有抬升机构；抬升机构的脚踏板21一端通过轴3、第二垫片31、第三垫片32铰接固定于立柱的一端，脚踏板位于底座的上方，靠近立柱一侧的脚踏板通过第五螺栓19与传动杆18的一端连接，传动杆的另一端通过第四螺栓15、第三螺母17、第二轴套25、第一垫片26铰接固定于连杆12的一端，连杆的另一端顶部与胸支撑杆及把手10固定连接，连杆的另一端底部通过第三螺栓13、第二螺母14、第一轴套16与立柱的另一端铰接固定；胸支撑杆及把手的传动杆一侧设有T型把手，胸支撑杆及把手的对称另一侧设有V型的腋下支撑架及胸部挡板9，即腋下支撑架呈V字形向上翘起并对称设置于胸部挡板的两侧，胸部挡板设有软包。连杆的立柱连接处向腋下支撑架及胸部挡板一端延伸，连杆呈“E”字形，腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的胸部挡板下方连杆另一端设有缓冲机构，缓冲机构位于立柱与胸部挡板之间的立柱前方，缓冲机构的套筒8一端通过第七螺栓27铰接固定于连杆，套筒的另一端通过第八螺栓28与液压缓冲器5一端的液压杆连接，液压缓冲器另一端的壳体通过第一螺栓6、第一螺母7固定于立柱。抬升机构的脚踏板固定端设有棘轮4，棘轮一侧抬升机构的立柱设有棘轮爪20，棘轮爪的一端通过第十螺栓33铰接固定于立柱，棘轮爪与棘轮啮合，胸支撑杆及把手的T型把手一侧设有手刹34，手刹通过刹车线35与棘轮爪的另一端连接，刹车线与棘轮爪的连接处设有刹车弹簧。底座的脚踏板一侧呈Y型，腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的胸部挡板下方底部另一侧设有横板，横板与V形口之间的底座两侧设有搁脚板。上述腋下支撑架及胸部挡板中呈三角形的腋下支撑架适应各种不同体型的被转移者，向上的力从腋下支撑被转移者的大臂，而胸部挡板则放置于人的胸前，保证人在前倾时，支撑住人的前胸；胸部挡板的软包则更好的提高被转移者的使用感，保证被转移者在整个搬运过程中的舒适感。The structure of the present invention is now further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the mobile transposer includes a supporting mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a moving mechanism. The bottom of the base 2 of the moving mechanism is provided with a universal wheel 1, which is fixed to the base by a sixth bolt 22, and the universal wheel is provided with a brake. A lifting mechanism is provided at the top center of gravity of the base; one end of the foot pedal 21 of the lifting mechanism is hingedly fixed to one end of the column by a shaft 3, a second gasket 31, and a third gasket 32. The foot pedal is located above the base, and the foot pedal close to the side of the column is connected to one end of the transmission rod 18 by a fifth bolt 19, and the other end of the transmission rod is connected by a fourth bolt 15 , the third nut 17, the second sleeve 25, and the first gasket 26 are hingedly fixed to one end of the connecting rod 12, the top of the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the chest support rod and the handle 10, and the bottom of the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly fixed to the other end of the column by the third bolt 13, the second nut 14, and the first sleeve 16; a T-shaped handle is provided on one side of the transmission rod of the chest support rod and the handle, and a V-shaped underarm support frame and a chest baffle 9 are provided on the other symmetrical side of the chest support rod and the handle, that is, the underarm support frame is upwardly tilted in a V shape and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the chest baffle, and the chest baffle is provided with a soft bag. The column connection of the connecting rod extends to one end of the underarm support frame and the chest baffle, and the connecting rod is in the shape of an "E". The other end of the connecting rod below the chest baffle of the underarm support frame and the chest baffle is provided with a buffer mechanism, and the buffer mechanism is located in front of the column between the column and the chest baffle. One end of the sleeve 8 of the buffer mechanism is hinged and fixed to the connecting rod through the seventh bolt 27, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the hydraulic rod at one end of the hydraulic buffer 5 through the eighth bolt 28. The shell of the other end of the hydraulic buffer is fixed to the column through the first bolt 6 and the first nut 7. A ratchet 4 is provided at the fixed end of the pedal of the lifting mechanism, and a ratchet pawl 20 is provided on the column of the lifting mechanism on one side of the ratchet. One end of the ratchet pawl is hinged and fixed to the column through the tenth bolt 33, and the ratchet pawl is meshed with the ratchet. A handbrake 34 is provided on one side of the T-handle of the chest support rod and the handle. The handbrake is connected to the other end of the ratchet pawl through a brake line 35, and a brake spring is provided at the connection between the brake line and the ratchet pawl. One side of the footrest of the base is Y-shaped, and a horizontal plate is provided on the other side of the bottom of the underarm support frame and the chest baffle, and footrests are provided on both sides of the base between the horizontal plate and the V-shaped opening. The triangular underarm support frame of the above-mentioned underarm support frame and the chest baffle can adapt to various body shapes of the transferred persons, and the upward force supports the upper arms of the transferred person from the armpits, while the chest baffle is placed in front of the person's chest to ensure that the person's chest is supported when the person leans forward; the soft bag of the chest baffle better improves the user's sense of use and ensures the comfort of the transferred person during the entire transportation process.
使用时，先将被转移者扶起呈坐姿状态，接着将该移动换位器推至被转移者的前方，锁紧万向轮的刹车，将被转移者的脚部放置底座的搁脚板上，被转移者的手臂腋下放置于腋下支撑架外侧，被转移者握持住把手；搬运者下压支撑杆及把手的同时，按压手刹，松开棘轮爪，并且用力踩踏脚踏板，趴在腋下支撑架及胸部挡板上的被转移者即可被翘起并抬升脱离座位；松开手刹，棘轮爪与棘轮啮合，趴在腋下支撑架及胸部挡板上的被转移者状态保持，松开万向轮的刹车，推动该移动换位器，该移动换位器上的被转移者即可与该移动换位器一起移动。到达轮椅或床位目的地后，反向操作该移动换位器，被转移者即可被放置于新的目的地。When in use, the person being transferred is first lifted up to a sitting position, then the mobile positioner is pushed in front of the person being transferred, the brakes of the universal wheels are locked, the feet of the person being transferred are placed on the footrest of the base, the armpits of the person being transferred are placed on the outside of the armpit support frame, and the person being transferred holds the handle; while the carrier presses down the support rod and the handle, presses the handbrake, releases the ratchet claw, and steps on the foot pedal hard, the person being transferred lying on the armpit support frame and the chest baffle can be tilted up and lifted off the seat; release the handbrake, the ratchet claw engages with the ratchet wheel, the position of the person being transferred lying on the armpit support frame and the chest baffle is maintained, the brakes of the universal wheels are released, and the mobile positioner is pushed, and the person being transferred on the mobile positioner can move together with the mobile positioner. After arriving at the wheelchair or bed destination, the mobile positioner is operated in reverse, and the person being transferred can be placed at the new destination.
根据上述结构和使用特点，亦可在连杆上方的胸支撑杆及把手设置锁紧套，胸支撑杆及把手的管件通过锁紧套与连杆连接，便于胸支撑杆及把手和腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的高度调节；脚踏板的传动杆处底部设有缓冲支脚，缓冲支脚包括缓冲杆和缓冲胶套，便于脚踏板的进一步限位和缓冲；胸支撑杆及把手的顶部设有扶手，扶手呈T字形，扶手插入胸支撑杆及把手的胸支撑杆，连接处设有锁紧螺丝，便于被转移者握持该移动换位器和扶手调节；腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的胸部挡板设有胸部绑带，腋下支撑架及胸部挡板的下方设有腿部支撑架，腿部支撑架设有腰部绑带和腿部绑带，便于被转移者绑定于该移动换位器。According to the above structure and usage characteristics, locking sleeves can also be set on the chest support rod and the handle above the connecting rod, and the pipe fittings of the chest support rod and the handle are connected to the connecting rod through the locking sleeve, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the chest support rod and the handle and the underarm support frame and the chest baffle; a buffer support foot is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod of the foot pedal, and the buffer support foot includes a buffer rod and a buffer rubber sleeve, which is convenient for further limiting and buffering of the foot pedal; an armrest is provided on the top of the chest support rod and the handle, and the armrest is T-shaped. The armrest is inserted into the chest support rod of the chest support rod and the handle, and a locking screw is provided at the connection, which is convenient for the person being transferred to hold the mobile positioner and adjust the armrest; the chest baffle of the underarm support frame and the chest baffle is provided with a chest strap, and a leg support frame is provided below the underarm support frame and the chest baffle, and the leg support frame is provided with a waist strap and a leg strap, which is convenient for the person being transferred to be bound to the mobile positioner.
综上所述，该移动换位器是一个帮助护理者转移下肢不便的被转移者的装置，特别是下肢有疾病的老人；其具体特点如下：1、属于纯机械结构，且结构简单；2、操作简单，适用范围广；3、通过该装置，降低护理人员在移动老人过程中的工作强度；4、简化机械结构，降低产品的生产成本；5、符合中国人口老龄化的国情与趋势；6、适用于医院、家庭、养老院以及其他需求环境，极大方便老人，节约了人力；7、注重人机要素，提高被转移者的舒适感。并且，该移动换位器总体尺寸符合人体工程学要求，适应各种条件，场地通过性好，运动自由度佳；满足被转移者的生理和心理上的需求，在运行过程中实现被照顾者方便的移动、更换场地，省时省力。腋下支撑的软包，实现作品的舒适性。In summary, the mobile positioner is a device that helps caregivers transfer people with lower limb disabilities, especially elderly people with lower limb diseases. Its specific features are as follows: 1. It is a purely mechanical structure with a simple structure; 2. It is easy to operate and has a wide range of applications; 3. Through this device, the work intensity of caregivers in the process of moving the elderly is reduced; 4. The mechanical structure is simplified and the production cost of the product is reduced; 5. It conforms to the national conditions and trends of China's aging population; 6. It is suitable for hospitals, families, nursing homes and other demand environments, which greatly facilitates the elderly and saves manpower; 7. It focuses on human-machine factors and improves the comfort of the transferred person. In addition, the overall size of the mobile positioner meets ergonomic requirements, adapts to various conditions, has good site passability, and good freedom of movement; it meets the physiological and psychological needs of the transferred person, and enables the cared person to move and change sites conveniently during operation, saving time and effort. The soft bag supported by the armpit realizes the comfort of the work.
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