CN107066000B - A kind of logging instrument amplifier power supply self-adapting regulation method - Google Patents
A kind of logging instrument amplifier power supply self-adapting regulation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于功放节能降耗技术领域,具体涉及一种测井仪功放电源自适应调整方法的设计。The invention belongs to the technical field of power amplifier energy saving and consumption reduction, and in particular relates to the design of a self-adaptive adjustment method for power amplifier power supply of a well logging instrument.
背景技术Background technique
目前,测井仪功放类型通常有A类、B类、AB类、D类等,不同类型的功放有着不同的优缺点,且各种功放都有着不同的相关运用。其中A类功放效率最低,但是线性度良好,设计简单;B类功放效率较A类高,但是有比较严重的交越失真,线性度差;AB类介于两者之间,效率偏中,线性度较B类好;D类功放效率最高,线性度还好,但是由于受器件限制(开关速度、漏电流、导通电阻不为零等)和设计上的不完善,导致效率最高不超过85%,且只能适用于低频信号的放大,因此当发射信号频率偏高时,D类功放就显得不太适用了。At present, the power amplifier types of logging tools usually include Class A, Class B, Class AB, Class D, etc. Different types of power amplifiers have different advantages and disadvantages, and various power amplifiers have different related applications. Among them, class A power amplifier has the lowest efficiency, but has good linearity and simple design; class B power amplifier has higher efficiency than class A, but has more serious crossover distortion and poor linearity; class AB is between the two, and its efficiency is in the middle. The linearity is better than Class B; Class D power amplifier has the highest efficiency and good linearity, but due to device limitations (switching speed, leakage current, non-zero on-resistance, etc.) and design imperfections, the highest efficiency does not exceed 85%, and can only be applied to the amplification of low-frequency signals, so when the frequency of the transmitted signal is high, the class D power amplifier is not suitable.
传统的测井仪器功放基本都是采用恒定电压源供电,当功放功率输出达到满负荷时,即发射电流最大且输出信号不失真的情况下,功放效率最高,但是一旦减少发射幅度,输出功率回退就会导致功放效率降低,造成了不必要的电源损耗。如图1所示,当发射信号为S1时,功放电源为VS1,功放输出满负荷(由于功放管存在一定的管压降与启动电压,功放电源比功放输出幅度要大一个Vdrop),效率达到最高,电源损耗很小;当发射信号减少到S2时,如果功放电源维持VS1不变,那么系统有相当部分功耗将以电源热损耗的形式被消耗掉,因此功放效率急剧下降,当功放电源转换成VS2时,功放输出满负荷,效率达到最高。由于测井仪器一般都工作为恶劣高温环境中,电能转换成热量后,温度会相应地升高,对功放电路及系统本身稳定性极其不利。The power amplifiers of traditional logging tools are basically powered by a constant voltage source. When the power output of the power amplifier reaches full load, that is, when the transmission current is the largest and the output signal is not distorted, the efficiency of the power amplifier is the highest. However, once the transmission amplitude is reduced, the output power will fall back. Backing off will lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the power amplifier, resulting in unnecessary power loss. As shown in Figure 1, when the transmission signal is S1, the power amplifier power supply is VS1, and the power amplifier output is at full load (because there is a certain tube voltage drop and start-up voltage in the power amplifier tube, the power amplifier power supply is one Vdrop larger than the output amplitude of the power amplifier), and the efficiency reaches The highest, the power loss is very small; when the transmission signal is reduced to S2, if the power amplifier power supply remains unchanged at VS1, then a considerable part of the power consumption of the system will be consumed in the form of heat loss of the power supply, so the efficiency of the power amplifier drops sharply. When the power amplifier power supply When converted to VS2, the output of the power amplifier is fully loaded, and the efficiency reaches the highest. Since logging instruments generally work in harsh high-temperature environments, after the electrical energy is converted into heat, the temperature will rise accordingly, which is extremely detrimental to the stability of the power amplifier circuit and the system itself.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对背景技术中传统测井仪器功放的不足之处,提出了一种测井仪功放电源自适应调整方法,使得测井仪在运行调试过程中功放输出一直维持在接近满负荷输出状态,以提高系统效率,减少电源损耗。The purpose of the present invention is to propose a self-adaptive adjustment method for the power amplifier of the well logging instrument in view of the shortcomings of the power amplifier of the traditional well logging instrument in the background technology, so that the power amplifier output of the well logging instrument is maintained at close to full load during the operation and debugging process output state to improve system efficiency and reduce power loss.
本发明的技术方案为:一种测井仪功放电源自适应调整方法,包括以下步骤:The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for self-adaptive adjustment of power amplifier power supply of logging instrument, comprising the following steps:
S1、检测测井仪发射信号的幅度有效值,并将发射信号由幅度有效值信号转化为DC直流电压信号;S1. Detect the effective value of the amplitude of the signal transmitted by the logging tool, and convert the transmitted signal from the effective value signal of the amplitude into a DC voltage signal;
S2、对滤波整流处理后的DC直流电压信号进行模数转换,将DC直流电压信号转换成8位二进制数字信号H1,输出至8个并行IO口上;S2. Perform analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered and rectified DC voltage signal, convert the DC voltage signal into an 8-bit binary digital signal H1, and output it to 8 parallel IO ports;
S3、对数字信号H1的最高两位进行与非运算,若运算结果为低电平则进入步骤S4,否则进入步骤S5;S3. Perform a NAND operation on the highest two bits of the digital signal H1, if the operation result is low level, enter step S4, otherwise enter step S5;
S4、控制第二MOS管组合开关导通,第一MOS管组合开关关断,由总电源为功放提供电源输入,调整结束;S4. Control the second MOS tube combination switch to be turned on, the first MOS tube combination switch to be turned off, the main power supply provides power input for the power amplifier, and the adjustment is completed;
S5、控制第一MOS管组合开关导通,第二MOS管组合开关关断,由开关电源为功放提供电源输入;S5. Control the first MOS tube combination switch to be turned on, the second MOS tube combination switch to be turned off, and the switching power supply provides power input for the power amplifier;
S6、根据数字信号H1控制模拟开关电阻网络,调节开关电源的输出电压大小,调整结束。S6. Control the analog switch resistor network according to the digital signal H1, adjust the output voltage of the switch power supply, and the adjustment is completed.
本发明的有益效果是:本发明采用电源自适应调整的形式,自动根据测井仪发射信号的大小实时调整功放的输入电源,确保功放输出在接近满负荷的状态,减小了电源损耗,降低了系统功耗,提高了功放效率。同时,本发明不需要主控制器MCU及程序软件,完全通过电路自身自动调整,具有一定的实时性。通过合理的参数匹配与计算,剔除开关电源以及功放的非线性误差,最终使得发射信号大小与功放的输入电压,即开关电源的输出电压匹配起来。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts the form of self-adaptive adjustment of the power supply, automatically adjusts the input power of the power amplifier in real time according to the size of the signal transmitted by the logging instrument, ensures that the output of the power amplifier is in a state close to full load, reduces power consumption, reduces The power consumption of the system is reduced, and the efficiency of the power amplifier is improved. At the same time, the present invention does not need the main controller MCU and program software, and is fully automatically adjusted by the circuit itself, and has certain real-time performance. Through reasonable parameter matching and calculation, the non-linear error of the switching power supply and the power amplifier is eliminated, and finally the size of the transmitted signal is matched with the input voltage of the power amplifier, that is, the output voltage of the switching power supply.
进一步地,步骤S5中的模拟开关电阻网络包括一个模拟开关以及8个串联的电阻,模拟开关包括8个通道开关,每个通道开关对应并联于一个电阻,同时与其它7个电阻串联;每个通道开关低电平导通,高电平断开;电阻大小呈二进制递进关系,即后一级电阻是前一级电阻大小的两倍;模拟开关和8个电阻共同构成一个可调的电阻网络Rs。Further, the analog switch resistor network in step S5 includes an analog switch and 8 resistors in series, the analog switch includes 8 channel switches, each channel switch is connected in parallel to a resistor, and is connected in series with other 7 resistors at the same time; The channel switch is turned on at low level and turned off at high level; the resistance is in a binary progressive relationship, that is, the resistance of the latter stage is twice the size of the resistance of the previous stage; the analog switch and 8 resistors together form an adjustable resistance Internet Rs.
上述进一步方案的有益效果为:8位并口ADC采样模块的8个并行IO口控制电阻网络Rs的大小,该电阻网络输出电阻范围为0-255K,同时可以将8位二进制数字信号H1表示成电阻网络Rs,它们的值是相等的,即H1=Rs,正比于发射信号幅度有效值,这样即可将发射信号幅度与开关电源输出调节控制字完全对应起来。The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is: the 8 parallel IO ports of the 8-bit parallel port ADC sampling module control the size of the resistance network Rs, the resistance network output resistance range is 0-255K, and the 8-bit binary digital signal H1 can be expressed as a resistance Network Rs, their values are equal, that is, H1=Rs, which is proportional to the effective value of the transmitted signal amplitude, so that the transmitted signal amplitude can be completely corresponding to the output adjustment control word of the switching power supply.
进一步地,步骤S5中的模拟开关电阻网络还包括与电阻网络Rs串联的电阻R1,电阻网络Rs与电阻R1共同构成开关电源输出的反馈电阻Rhs,用于与分压电阻Rls一起调节开关电源的输出电压。Further, the analog switch resistor network in step S5 also includes a resistor R1 connected in series with the resistor network Rs, and the resistor network Rs and the resistor R1 together form the feedback resistor Rhs output by the switching power supply, which is used to adjust the switching power supply together with the voltage dividing resistor Rls The output voltage.
上述进一步方案的有益效果为:电阻R1的作用是用来消除非线性误差,因为开关电源的输出以及功放的输出都与发射信号幅度存在一定的非线性因素,通过合理的参数匹配,即可使得非线性因素得以消除。The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is: the function of the resistor R1 is to eliminate the nonlinear error, because the output of the switching power supply and the output of the power amplifier have certain nonlinear factors with the amplitude of the transmitted signal, and through reasonable parameter matching, it can be made Non-linear factors are eliminated.
进一步地,步骤S5中开关电源的输出电压Vout与数字信号H1的关系为:Further, the relationship between the output voltage Vout of the switching power supply and the digital signal H1 in step S5 is:
H1×K1+Vdrop=Vout (3)H1×K1+Vdrop=Vout (3)
式中K1表示线性系数,Vdrop表示开关电源输出电压Vout与发射信号幅度Vpp之间的压降。In the formula, K1 represents the linear coefficient, and Vdrop represents the voltage drop between the output voltage Vout of the switching power supply and the amplitude Vpp of the transmitted signal.
上述进一步方案的有益效果为:由于Vdrop为固定值,K1可由公式推导抵消掉,不参与计算,而数字信号H1的大小又与发射信号幅度有效值Vpp成绝对正比线性关系,最终开关电源的输出电压大小即由发射信号幅度有效值Vpp的大小决定,方便调节。The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is: since Vdrop is a fixed value, K1 can be deduced and offset by the formula, and does not participate in the calculation, and the size of the digital signal H1 is in an absolute proportional linear relationship with the effective value Vpp of the transmitted signal amplitude, and finally the output of the switching power supply The size of the voltage is determined by the effective value Vpp of the transmitted signal amplitude, which is convenient for adjustment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为传统测井仪器采用不同发射信号输出幅度及功放输入电源的电能损耗示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the power consumption of traditional logging tools with different transmission signal output amplitudes and power amplifier input power sources.
图2所示为本发明实施例一提供的一种测井仪功放电源自适应调整装置结构框图。Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a self-adaptive adjustment device for a power amplifier of a logging tool provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图3所示为本发明实施例一提供的有效值检测及模拟数字转换示意框图。FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of effective value detection and analog-to-digital conversion provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图4所示为本发明实施例一提供的模拟开关电阻网络电路图。FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an analog switch resistor network provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图5所示为本发明实施例一提供的控制电源输入切换的MOS管组合开关电路图。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a combined MOS transistor switch for controlling power supply input switching provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图6所示为本发明实施例二提供的一种测井仪功放电源自适应调整方法流程图。Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for self-adaptive adjustment of power amplifier power supply of a logging tool provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
图7所示为本发明实施例二提供的开关电源电路结构图。FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a switching power supply circuit provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
图8所示为本发明实施例二提供的开关电源输出电压与8位二进制数字量H1对应关系曲线图。FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the output voltage of the switching power supply and the 8-bit binary digital quantity H1 provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
图9所示为本发明实施例二提供的功放电源自适应调整方法与恒定供电方式的功耗对比曲线图。FIG. 9 is a graph showing the comparison of power consumption between the self-adaptive power amplifier power adjustment method and the constant power supply method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
附图标记说明:1-总电源、2-第一MOS管组合开关、3-第二MOS管组合开关、4-RMS检幅器、5-低通滤波器、6-8位并口ADC采样模块、7-与非运算模块、8-模拟开关电阻网络9-开关电源、10-功放。Explanation of reference numerals: 1-total power supply, 2-first MOS tube combination switch, 3-second MOS tube combination switch, 4-RMS amplitude detector, 5-low-pass filter, 6-8-bit parallel port ADC sampling module , 7-NAND operation module, 8-analog switch resistor network 9-switching power supply, 10-power amplifier.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现在将参考附图来详细描述本发明的示例性实施方式。应当理解,附图中示出和描述的实施方式仅仅是示例性的,意在阐释本发明的原理和精神,而并非限制本发明的范围。Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the implementations shown and described in the drawings are only exemplary, intended to explain the principle and spirit of the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the present invention.
为使本发明的技术方案更加清楚、完整,在介绍本发明提供的测井仪功放电源自适应调整方法之前,首先以实施例一对测井仪功放电源自适应调整方法对应调整装置做详细介绍:In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clear and complete, before introducing the self-adaptive adjustment method of the power amplifier power supply of the logging instrument provided by the present invention, firstly, a pair of embodiments of the self-adaptive adjustment method of the power amplifier power supply of the well logging instrument will be introduced in detail. :
实施例一:Embodiment one:
本发明实施例提供了一种测井仪功放电源自适应调整装置,如图2所示,包括:The embodiment of the present invention provides a self-adaptive adjustment device for the power amplifier power supply of the logging instrument, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
总电源1,用于为整个调整装置提供电源输入。General power supply 1, used to provide power input for the entire adjustment device.
第一MOS管组合开关2,通过导通/关断来控制总电源1是否为开关电源9提供电源输入。The first MOS transistor combination switch 2 controls whether the main power supply 1 provides power input for the switching power supply 9 by turning on/off.
第二MOS管组合开关3,通过导通/关断来控制总电源1是否直接为测井仪的功放10提供电源输入。The second MOS tube combination switch 3 controls whether the main power supply 1 directly provides power input for the power amplifier 10 of the logging tool by turning on/off.
RMS检幅器4,用于检测测井仪发射信号的幅度有效值,并将发射信号由幅度有效值信号转化为DC直流电压信号。The RMS amplitude detector 4 is used to detect the effective value of the amplitude of the signal transmitted by the logging tool, and convert the transmitted signal from the effective value signal of the amplitude into a DC voltage signal.
低通滤波器5,用于对DC直流电压信号进行滤波整流。The low-pass filter 5 is used for filtering and rectifying the DC voltage signal.
8位并口ADC采样模块6,用于对DC直流电压信号进行模数转换,将DC直流电压信号转换成8位二进制数字信号H1,输出至8个并行IO口上。The 8-bit parallel port ADC sampling module 6 is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the DC voltage signal, converting the DC voltage signal into an 8-bit binary digital signal H1, and outputting it to 8 parallel IO ports.
与非运算模块7,用于对数字信号H1的最高两位进行与非运算,并根据运算结果控制第一MOS管组合开关2和第二MOS管组合开关3的导通/关断。The NAND operation module 7 is used to perform a NAND operation on the highest two bits of the digital signal H1, and control the on/off of the first MOS transistor combination switch 2 and the second MOS transistor combination switch 3 according to the operation result.
模拟开关电阻网络8,用于根据数字信号H1的大小调节开关电源9的输出电压。The analog switch resistor network 8 is used to adjust the output voltage of the switch power supply 9 according to the magnitude of the digital signal H1.
开关电源9,用于在模拟开关电阻网络8的控制下为测井仪的功放10提供适配电源输入。The switching power supply 9 is used to provide adaptive power input for the power amplifier 10 of the logging tool under the control of the analog switching resistor network 8 .
RMS检幅器4的输入端接入测井仪的发射信号,RMS检幅器4、低通滤波器5、8位并口ADC采样模块6、模拟开关电阻网络8、开关电源9以及测井仪的功放10顺次连接。与非运算模块7的输入端连接于8位并口ADC采样模块6的8个并行IO口,输出端分别连接于第一MOS管组合开关2的输入端和第二MOS管组合开关3的输入端;总电源1通过第一MOS管组合开关2与开关电源9连接,通过第二MOS管组合开关3与测井仪的功放10连接。The input end of the RMS amplitude detector 4 is connected to the transmission signal of the logging tool, the RMS amplitude detector 4, the low-pass filter 5, the 8-bit parallel port ADC sampling module 6, the analog switch resistance network 8, the switching power supply 9 and the logging tool The power amplifiers 10 are connected in sequence. The input terminals of the AND-N operation module 7 are connected to the 8 parallel IO ports of the 8-bit parallel port ADC sampling module 6, and the output terminals are respectively connected to the input terminals of the first MOS tube combination switch 2 and the input terminals of the second MOS tube combination switch 3 The total power supply 1 is connected to the switching power supply 9 through the first MOS tube combination switch 2, and is connected to the power amplifier 10 of the logging tool through the second MOS tube combination switch 3.
本发明实施例中,测井仪的功放10为单电源功放,如果是正负电源功放,则还需要增加一路开关电源作为负电源,其他方面设计一致。In the embodiment of the present invention, the power amplifier 10 of the logging tool is a single power amplifier. If it is a positive and negative power amplifier, it is necessary to add a switching power supply as a negative power supply, and the design is consistent in other respects.
如图3所示,发射信号经过滤波调理后输出至RMS检幅器4,将波形有效值转换成DC电压输出,滤波整流后由8位并口ADC采样模块6进行模数转换,将波形的有效值转换成数字信号H1输出至8个并行IO口上。ADC采样率由外部采样时钟CLK提供,本发明实施例中为20-100Msps。参考基准电压VREF由专门的电压基准源经过电阻分压后输出得到,VREF具体值的大小需要经过参数匹配调试后确定,8个并行IO口控制模拟开关电阻网络8的大小。As shown in Figure 3, the transmission signal is output to the RMS amplitude detector 4 after filtering and conditioning, and the effective value of the waveform is converted into a DC voltage output. The value is converted into a digital signal H1 and output to 8 parallel IO ports. The ADC sampling rate is provided by an external sampling clock CLK, which is 20-100Msps in the embodiment of the present invention. The reference reference voltage VREF is obtained by outputting a special voltage reference source through resistance division. The specific value of VREF needs to be determined after parameter matching and debugging. The 8 parallel IO ports control the size of the analog switch resistor network 8.
如图4所示,模拟开关电阻网络8包括一个模拟开关以及8个串联的电阻(R2-R9),模拟开关包括8个通道开关(CH1-CH8),每个通道开关对应并联于一个电阻(例如CH1对应并联于R2),同时与其它7个电阻串联。每个通道开关低电平导通,高电平断开。电阻大小呈二进制递进关系,即后一级电阻是前一级电阻大小的两倍;模拟开关和8个电阻共同构成一个可调的电阻网络Rs。该电阻网络输出电阻范围为0-255K,也可以将8位二进制数字量H1表示成电阻网络Rs,他们的值是相等的,即H1=Rs,正比于发射信号幅度有效值。As shown in Figure 4, the analog switch resistor network 8 includes an analog switch and 8 series resistors (R2-R9), the analog switch includes 8 channel switches (CH1-CH8), and each channel switch is connected in parallel with a resistor ( For example, CH1 is connected in parallel with R2), and connected in series with the other 7 resistors. Each channel switch is turned on at low level and turned off at high level. The size of the resistance is in a binary progressive relationship, that is, the resistance of the latter stage is twice the size of the resistance of the previous stage; the analog switch and 8 resistors together form an adjustable resistance network Rs. The output resistance range of the resistor network is 0-255K, and the 8-bit binary digital quantity H1 can also be expressed as a resistor network Rs, and their values are equal, that is, H1=Rs, which is proportional to the effective value of the transmitted signal amplitude.
模拟开关电阻网络8还应当包括与电阻网络Rs串联的电阻R1,电阻网络Rs与电阻R1共同构成开关电源9输出的反馈电阻Rhs,用于调节开关电源的输出电压Vout。R1的作用是用来消除非线性误差,因为开关电源9的输出以及功放10的输出都与发射信号幅度存在一定的非线性因素,通过合理的参数匹配,使得非线性因素得以消除。The analog switch resistor network 8 should also include a resistor R1 connected in series with the resistor network Rs. The resistor network Rs and the resistor R1 together constitute the feedback resistor Rhs output by the switch power supply 9 for adjusting the output voltage Vout of the switch power supply. The function of R1 is to eliminate the nonlinear error, because the output of the switching power supply 9 and the output of the power amplifier 10 have certain nonlinear factors with the transmitted signal amplitude, and the nonlinear factors can be eliminated through reasonable parameter matching.
如图5所示,由于开关电源9的输入与输出存在0.6V左右的压降,且开关电源9也存在转换效率的问题,当功放输入电源大于31.4V左右时,如果还启用开关电源转换就显得不太合适了,因此功放电源可以直接采用总电源1输入,将开关电源9关闭。第一MOS管组合开关2和第二MOS管组合开关3共同控制功放输入电源由开关电源9提供还是由总电源1提供。As shown in Figure 5, since there is a voltage drop of about 0.6V between the input and output of the switching power supply 9, and the switching power supply 9 also has the problem of conversion efficiency, when the input power of the power amplifier is greater than about 31.4V, if the switching power supply conversion is also enabled It seems inappropriate, so the power amplifier power supply can directly adopt the total power supply 1 input, and the switching power supply 9 is turned off. The first MOS tube combination switch 2 and the second MOS tube combination switch 3 jointly control whether the input power of the power amplifier is provided by the switching power supply 9 or the main power supply 1 .
二进制数字量H1的最高两位(D6、D7)与非运算操作后控制第一MOS管组合开关2和第二MOS管组合开关3的导通/关断,则8位二进制数字信号H1为192(换算成二进制可以表示为1100 0000),作为切换功放输入电源的控制字,此刻切换功放输入电源的临界值电压可以设置为31V。当数字信号H1的最高两位(D6、D7)同时为高电平即数字信号H1≥192,功放所需输入电源电压≥31V时,D6、D7与非计算后输出的结果为低电平,此时第二MOS管组合开关3导通,第一MOS管组合开关2关断,由总电源1为功放10提供电源输入;否则第一MOS管组合开关2导通,第二MOS管组合开关3关断,由开关电源9为功放10提供电源输入。两个MOS管组合开关任意时刻都不会同时导通,有效地避免了因为开关同时导通可能存在的风险。The highest two digits (D6, D7) of the binary digital quantity H1 control the on/off of the first MOS tube combination switch 2 and the second MOS tube combination switch 3 after the non-operation operation, then the 8-bit binary digital signal H1 is 192 (converted into binary and can be expressed as 1100 0000), as the control word for switching the input power of the power amplifier, the threshold voltage for switching the input power of the power amplifier at this moment can be set to 31V. When the highest two bits (D6, D7) of the digital signal H1 are at high level at the same time, that is, the digital signal H1≥192, and the input power supply voltage required by the power amplifier is ≥31V, the output result of D6, D7 and non-calculation is low level, At this time, the second MOS tube combination switch 3 is turned on, and the first MOS tube combination switch 2 is turned off, and the power supply 1 provides power input for the power amplifier 10; otherwise, the first MOS tube combination switch 2 is turned on, and the second MOS tube combination switch 3 is turned off, and the switching power supply 9 provides power input for the power amplifier 10. The combined switches of the two MOS transistors will not be turned on at the same time at any time, which effectively avoids the possible risk of the switches being turned on at the same time.
同理,电源输入切换控制字也可以设置成128,即1000 0000,那么只需用最高位D7来控制两个MOS管组合开关即可。但是因为位数的减少,使得开关电源9动态调整输出的精度下降,刻度等级减少至128,因此,本发明实施例采用高两位与非运算操作后输出控制,提高了电源输出精度同时也没有增加硬件难度。Similarly, the power input switching control word can also be set to 128, that is, 1000 0000, then only the highest bit D7 is used to control the combined switch of two MOS tubes. But because of the reduction of the number of digits, the precision of the dynamic adjustment output of the switching power supply 9 is reduced, and the scale level is reduced to 128. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the output control after the NAND operation of the upper two digits, which improves the output accuracy of the power supply and does not Increased hardware difficulty.
同理,切换功放输入电源的临界值电压也可以设置成小于32V的其他电压值,具体大小可以根据系统需要自由设置。Similarly, the threshold voltage of switching power amplifier input power can also be set to other voltage values less than 32V, and the specific size can be freely set according to system needs.
实施例二:Embodiment two:
本发明实施例提供了一种测井仪功放电源自适应调整方法,如图6所示,包括以下步骤:The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for self-adaptive adjustment of the power amplifier power supply of the logging instrument, as shown in FIG. 6 , comprising the following steps:
S1、检测测井仪发射信号的幅度有效值,并将发射信号由幅度有效值信号转化为DC直流电压信号。S1. Detect the effective value of the amplitude of the signal transmitted by the logging tool, and convert the transmitted signal from the effective value signal of the amplitude into a DC voltage signal.
S2、对滤波整流处理后的DC直流电压信号进行模数转换,将DC直流电压信号转换成8位二进制数字信号H1,输出至8个并行IO口上。S2. Perform analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered and rectified DC voltage signal, convert the DC voltage signal into an 8-bit binary digital signal H1, and output it to 8 parallel IO ports.
S3、对数字信号H1的最高两位进行与非运算,若运算结果为低电平则进入步骤S4,否则进入步骤S5。S3. Perform a NAND operation on the highest two bits of the digital signal H1. If the operation result is low level, proceed to step S4, otherwise proceed to step S5.
S4、控制第二MOS管组合开关导通,第一MOS管组合开关关断,由总电源为功放提供电源输入,调整结束。S4. Control the second MOS tube combination switch to be turned on, and the first MOS tube combination switch to be turned off, the main power supply provides power input for the power amplifier, and the adjustment is completed.
S5、控制第一MOS管组合开关导通,第二MOS管组合开关关断,由开关电源为功放提供电源输入;S5. Control the first MOS tube combination switch to be turned on, the second MOS tube combination switch to be turned off, and the switching power supply provides power input for the power amplifier;
S6、根据数字信号H1控制模拟开关电阻网络,调节开关电源的输出电压大小,调整结束。S6. Control the analog switch resistor network according to the digital signal H1, adjust the output voltage of the switch power supply, and the adjustment is completed.
在步骤S1之前,应当进行必要的参数计算及公式推导(系统能否正常运行,电路的各项参数首先得确定好,确定好后才有接下来的各项步骤)。电路参数匹配主要有3个参数需要计算出来(VREF、R1、Rls),要求出这3个参数,首先得确定压降Vdrop的大小,本发明实施例中Vdrop取3.2V;其次需要确定切换功放输入电源的临界值电压,本发明实施例中二进制控制字取值为192(十进制表示),临界值电压取值为31V。Before step S1, the necessary parameter calculation and formula derivation should be carried out (whether the system can operate normally, the parameters of the circuit must first be determined, and the next steps can only be performed after the determination). Circuit parameter matching mainly has 3 parameters that need to be calculated (VREF, R1, Rls), and these 3 parameters are required. First, the size of the voltage drop Vdrop must be determined. In the embodiment of the present invention, Vdrop is 3.2V; secondly, it is necessary to determine the switching power amplifier For the threshold voltage of the input power supply, the value of the binary control word in the embodiment of the present invention is 192 (decimal notation), and the value of the threshold voltage is 31V.
本发明实施例中计算公式的推导过程如下:The derivation process of calculation formula in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
设开关电源的输出电压为Vout,如图7所示,则有:Let the output voltage of the switching power supply be Vout, as shown in Figure 7, then:
Vout=(Rhs+Rls)×0.8÷Rls (1)Vout=(Rhs+Rls)×0.8÷Rls (1)
式中Rhs表示开关电源输出的反馈电阻,且Rhs=Rs+R1,Rls表示分压电阻,用于与Rhs共同调节开关电源的输出电源,因此:In the formula, Rhs represents the feedback resistance of the switching power supply output, and Rhs=Rs+R1, and Rls represents the voltage dividing resistor, which is used to adjust the output power of the switching power supply together with Rhs, so:
Vout=(Rs+R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls (2)Vout=(Rs+R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls (2)
式中Rs表示可调的电阻网络大小,R1表示用来消除非线性误差的电阻值大小,本发明实施例中R1=16.5K。In the formula, Rs represents the size of the adjustable resistor network, and R1 represents the size of the resistance used to eliminate nonlinear errors. In the embodiment of the present invention, R1=16.5K.
与此同时,开关电源输出Vout要比发射信号幅度Vpp要高出一个Vdrop,根据不同功放类型,Vdrop一般为3V左右,本发明实施例为留有一点余地,选用3.2V,方便后续的参数计算。发射信号幅度Vpp与经过ADC转换后输出的8位二进制数字信号H1成正比,那么公式可以表示为:At the same time, the switching power supply output Vout is one Vdrop higher than the transmission signal amplitude Vpp. According to different power amplifier types, Vdrop is generally about 3V. The embodiment of the present invention leaves a little room for choosing 3.2V to facilitate subsequent parameter calculations. . The transmitted signal amplitude Vpp is proportional to the 8-bit binary digital signal H1 output after ADC conversion, then the formula can be expressed as:
H1×K1+Vdrop=Vout (3)H1×K1+Vdrop=Vout (3)
式中K1表示线性系数,可在后续公式推导中抵消掉,不参与计算。In the formula, K1 represents the linear coefficient, which can be offset in the subsequent formula derivation and does not participate in the calculation.
联立公式(2)(3)可以得到:Simultaneous formula (2) (3) can get:
H1×K1+Vdrop=(Rs+R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls (4)H1×K1+Vdrop=(Rs+R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls (4)
整理后得到:After tidying up we get:
H1×K1=Rs×0.8÷Rls+{(R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls-Vdrop} (5)H1×K1=Rs×0.8÷Rls+{(R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls-Vdrop} (5)
由于Vdrop=3.2V,H1=Rs,当H1=0时,则有:Since Vdrop=3.2V, H1=Rs, when H1=0, then:
(R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls-Vdrop=0 (6)(R1+Rls)×0.8÷Rls-Vdrop=0 (6)
故有:Therefore:
R1=(Vdrop-0.8)×Rls÷0.8 (7)R1=(Vdrop-0.8)×Rls÷0.8 (7)
简化后得:After simplification:
R1=3×Rls (8)R1=3×Rls (8)
同理,将公式(6)代入到公式(4)中简化得出:Similarly, substitute formula (6) into formula (4) to simplify:
H1×K1=0.8×Rs÷Rls (9)H1×K1=0.8×Rs÷Rls (9)
联立公式(3)(9)也可以得到:Simultaneous formula (3) (9) can also be obtained:
0.8×Rs÷Rls+Vdrop=Vout (10)0.8×Rs÷Rls+Vdrop=Vout (10)
根据切换功放输入的临界值电压与二进制数字量H1的关系,由公式(2)得出:According to the relationship between the critical value voltage input by the switching power amplifier and the binary digital quantity H1, it can be obtained by the formula (2):
(R1+192)×0.8÷Rls+0.8=31 (11)(R1+192)×0.8÷Rls+0.8=31 (11)
同理,将公式(8)代入到公式(11)中简化得出:Similarly, substitute formula (8) into formula (11) to simplify:
Rls=5.525 (12)Rls=5.525 (12)
为了考虑电阻取值方便,最终Rls取值为5.5K,则R1为16.5K。In order to consider the convenience of resistance value selection, the final value of Rls is 5.5K, then R1 is 16.5K.
保持功放电源在31V电压输入的情况下,调节发射信号处于最大状态且不失真,发射信号幅度有效值Vpp为27.8V左右,此刻要想ADC转换后的输出8位二进制数字量H1为192的话,需要通过调节ADC的参考基准电压VREF来实现,当VREF大小确定好后,可由精准电压源输出经过2个电阻分压后得到。最终在电路自动换算处理上,发射信号幅度有效值Vpp与8位二进制数字量H1对应起来,且Rs的大小又等同于H1,两者与发射信号幅度有效值Vpp成绝对正比线性关系。Keep the power amplifier power supply at 31V voltage input, adjust the transmission signal to be in the maximum state without distortion, and the effective value Vpp of the transmission signal amplitude is about 27.8V. At this moment, if the 8-bit binary digital value H1 converted by the ADC is 192, It needs to be realized by adjusting the reference reference voltage VREF of the ADC. When the value of VREF is determined, it can be obtained by dividing the voltage by two resistors from the output of the precision voltage source. Finally, in the automatic conversion process of the circuit, the effective value of the transmitted signal amplitude Vpp corresponds to the 8-bit binary digital quantity H1, and the size of Rs is equal to H1, and the two are absolutely proportional to the effective value of the transmitted signal amplitude Vpp.
如图8所示为开关电源输出Vout与8位二进制数字量H1对应关系曲线图。8位并口ADC采样模块输出的8个并行IO口所控制的电阻网络具有256个刻度等级(11111111-00000000),经计算开关电源输出的电压Vout范围为3.34V-40.29V,输出精度或者线性系数K1为0.8/5.5=0.1454545V,该精度完全满足测井仪器功放电源的需求。由于测井仪总电源一般采用32V电源供电,那么开关电源输出上限应当小于31.4V,与此同时发射信号输出幅度不能过小,这样会导致最终测量精度下降,功放供电下限应该在6V以上,因此本发明实施例中,开关电源输出电压Vout有效区域在6-31V之间。As shown in FIG. 8, it is a curve diagram of the corresponding relationship between the switching power supply output Vout and the 8-bit binary digital quantity H1. The resistance network controlled by the 8 parallel IO ports output by the 8-bit parallel port ADC sampling module has 256 scale levels (11111111-00000000). The calculated voltage Vout output by the switching power supply ranges from 3.34V to 40.29V, and the output accuracy or linear coefficient K1 is 0.8/5.5=0.1454545V, and this accuracy fully meets the requirements of the power amplifier power supply of logging tools. Since the total power supply of the logging tool is generally powered by a 32V power supply, the upper limit of the output of the switching power supply should be less than 31.4V. At the same time, the output amplitude of the transmitting signal should not be too small, which will lead to a decrease in the final measurement accuracy. The lower limit of the power supply of the power amplifier should be above 6V, so In the embodiment of the present invention, the effective region of the output voltage Vout of the switching power supply is between 6-31V.
同理,当测井仪的总电源不是32V,而是其他电压如24V、36V、48V时,本专利方法一样可以适用,只需要按照推导公式(11)重新计算一遍电路参数,其他步骤环节不变。Similarly, when the total power supply of the logging tool is not 32V, but other voltages such as 24V, 36V, and 48V, the patented method is also applicable, and only need to recalculate the circuit parameters according to the derivation formula (11), other steps are not Change.
如图9所示为功放电源自适应调整方法与恒定供电方式的功耗对比曲线图,由功耗对比曲线可以看出,当功放输出幅度偏小时,采用本发明实施例提供的功放电源自适应调整方法可以大大降低功放的功耗,提高了系统效率,降低了系统热效应风险。当功放输出幅度越来越大时,两者功耗曲线逐渐接近。As shown in Figure 9, it is a power consumption comparison curve between the self-adaptive adjustment method of the power amplifier and the constant power supply mode. It can be seen from the power consumption comparison curve that when the output amplitude of the power amplifier is too small, the self-adaptive power supply of the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used. The adjustment method can greatly reduce the power consumption of the power amplifier, improve the system efficiency, and reduce the risk of the thermal effect of the system. When the output amplitude of the power amplifier becomes larger and larger, the power consumption curves of the two gradually approach.
本领域的普通技术人员将会意识到,这里所述的实施例是为了帮助读者理解本发明的原理,应被理解为本发明的保护范围并不局限于这样的特别陈述和实施例。本领域的普通技术人员可以根据本发明公开的这些技术启示做出各种不脱离本发明实质的其它各种具体变形和组合,这些变形和组合仍然在本发明的保护范围内。Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described here are to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the technical revelations disclosed in the present invention without departing from the essence of the present invention, and these modifications and combinations are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN109695446B (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2021-06-08 | 电子科技大学 | Self-adaptive adjusting device for transmitting power of induction logging instrument |
| CN109695447B (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2021-06-08 | 电子科技大学 | Self-adaptive adjusting method for transmitting power of induction logging instrument |
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| CN107066000A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
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