CN105881526A - A light-duty six-axis universal robot with an extension arm - Google Patents
A light-duty six-axis universal robot with an extension arm Download PDFInfo
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- CN105881526A CN105881526A CN201610370535.7A CN201610370535A CN105881526A CN 105881526 A CN105881526 A CN 105881526A CN 201610370535 A CN201610370535 A CN 201610370535A CN 105881526 A CN105881526 A CN 105881526A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/10—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
- B25J9/109—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements comprising mechanical programming means, e.g. cams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J18/00—Arms
- B25J18/02—Arms extensible
- B25J18/025—Arms extensible telescopic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/10—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
- B25J9/12—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements electric
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Abstract
Description
技术领域:Technical field:
本发明涉及机器人技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种设有延伸臂的轻型六轴通用机器人。The invention relates to the technical field of robots, in particular to a light-duty six-axis universal robot provided with an extension arm.
背景技术:Background technique:
申请号为CN201210566463.5的发明专利申请公开了一种轻型六轴通用机器人,轴座固定在臂轴上,轴座上固定有轴座保护箱,第三轴驱动电机、第四轴驱动电机、第五轴驱动电机和第六轴驱动电机置于轴座保护箱中;小臂杆壳体和小臂加长杆壳体分别固定在小臂减速器的前后部,第六轴插套在第五轴中,第五轴插套在第四轴中,第四轴中插套在小臂杆壳体、小臂减速器和小臂加长杆壳体中,第四轴、第五轴和第六轴上分别固定有第四轴从动齿轮、第五轴从动齿轮和第六轴从动齿轮。The invention patent application with the application number CN201210566463.5 discloses a light-duty six-axis universal robot. The drive motor for the fifth axis and the drive motor for the sixth axis are placed in the shaft seat protection box; the housing of the arm rod and the housing of the arm extension rod are respectively fixed at the front and rear of the arm reducer, and the sleeve of the sixth axis is in the fifth shaft, the fifth shaft is inserted into the fourth shaft, the fourth shaft is inserted into the housing of the forearm rod, the reducer of the small arm and the housing of the extension rod of the small arm, the fourth shaft, the fifth shaft and the sixth shaft A fourth shaft driven gear, a fifth shaft driven gear and a sixth shaft driven gear are respectively fixed on the shaft.
发明内容:Invention content:
本发明所解决的技术问题:现有技术中的轻型六轴通用机器人,其小臂仅能驱使安装在小臂端部的执行末端作旋转运动,难以满足实际操作的需求。The technical problem solved by the present invention: the small arm of the light six-axis universal robot in the prior art can only drive the execution end installed at the end of the small arm to rotate, which is difficult to meet the needs of actual operation.
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种设有延伸臂的轻型六轴通用机器人,包括底座体、枢接在底座体上的腰转部件、枢接在腰转部件上的大臂、安装在大臂上的小臂,腰转部件绕底座体转动,大臂绕腰转部件转动;In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a light-duty six-axis universal robot with an extension arm, including a base body, a waist swivel part pivotally connected to the base body, and a large arm pivoted to the waist swivel part. The arm, the small arm installed on the big arm, the waist swivel part rotates around the base body, and the big arm turns around the waist swivel part;
所述小臂上设有延伸臂,所述延伸臂包括固定连接小臂的支架体、安装在支架体上的第一伸缩机构和第二伸缩机构、铰接在第一伸缩机构上的摆动机构、固定在第二伸缩机构上的摆动驱动机构;所述支架体上设有首尾联接的左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆、用于驱动左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆旋转的动力装置;所述第一伸缩机构与左旋螺纹杆螺接,第二伸缩机构与右旋螺纹杆螺接,支架体上设有对第一伸缩机构和第二伸缩机构进行导向的导向杆;所述摆动机构包括平行设置的第一轴和第二轴,所述摆动驱动机构包括直线形导向槽、设置在直线形导向槽端部且与直线形导向槽连通的圆弧形导向槽、设置在圆弧形导向槽旁侧且左右对称设置的一对弹性装置、设置在圆弧形导向槽旁侧的第二动力装置;所述第二轴通过连接杆与第一伸缩机构铰接,第二轴滑动配合在直线形导向槽内,第一轴滑动配合在圆弧形导向槽内,一对弹性装置将第一轴夹持在直线形导向槽和圆弧形导向槽的连通处,第一轴与第二轴的距离值等于圆弧形导向槽的圆弧半径值,所述第二动力装置用于驱动第一轴在圆弧形导向槽内滑动。An extension arm is provided on the small arm, and the extension arm includes a support body fixedly connected to the small arm, a first telescopic mechanism and a second telescopic mechanism installed on the support body, a swing mechanism hinged on the first telescopic mechanism, A swing driving mechanism fixed on the second telescopic mechanism; the support body is provided with a left-handed threaded rod and a right-handed threaded rod connected end to end, and a power device for driving the rotation of the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod; the first A telescopic mechanism is screwed to the left-handed threaded rod, and the second telescopic mechanism is screwed to the right-handed threaded rod. The support body is provided with a guide rod for guiding the first telescopic mechanism and the second telescopic mechanism; The first axis and the second axis of the swing drive mechanism include a linear guide groove, an arc-shaped guide groove arranged at the end of the linear guide groove and communicated with the linear guide groove, and an arc-shaped guide groove arranged beside the arc-shaped guide groove A pair of elastic devices arranged symmetrically on the side and left and right, and a second power device arranged on the side of the arc-shaped guide groove; the second shaft is hinged with the first telescopic mechanism through a connecting rod, and the second shaft is slidably fitted on the linear guide In the groove, the first shaft slides and fits in the arc-shaped guide groove, and a pair of elastic devices clamp the first shaft at the junction of the linear guide groove and the arc-shaped guide groove. The distance between the first axis and the second axis The value is equal to the arc radius value of the arc-shaped guide groove, and the second power device is used to drive the first shaft to slide in the arc-shaped guide groove.
按上述技术方案,本发明所述的一种设有延伸臂的轻型六轴通用机器人的工作原理如下:联接在一起的左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆首尾固定在一起,左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆同轴设置,左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆同时旋转,左旋螺纹杆驱动第一伸缩机构上升,右旋螺纹杆驱动第二伸缩机构下降,第一伸缩机构带动摆动机构上升,第二伸缩机构带动摆动驱动机构下降,第一轴和第二轴首先在直线形导向槽内滑动,之后,第一轴卡入一对弹性装置中并进入圆弧形导向槽内,第二轴留在直线形导向槽内;之后,第二动力装置驱动第一轴以第二轴的轴心线为旋转中心线在圆弧形导向槽内摆动,如此,摆动机构可作一定幅度的摆动,安装在摆动机构上的机器人执行末端亦随之摆动;当机器人无需使用延伸臂的摆动功能时,第二动力装置中断向第一轴输送的动力,在一对弹性装置的弹力作用下,第一轴复位至直线形导向槽和圆弧形导向槽的连通处,之后,在联接在一起的左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆的驱动下,第一伸缩机构下降而第二伸缩机构上升,第一轴和第二轴在直线形导向槽内滑动且相对于直线形导向槽作下行运动,至此,摆动机构被限位。According to the above-mentioned technical scheme, the working principle of a light-duty six-axis universal robot provided with an extension arm according to the present invention is as follows: the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod connected together are fixed end to end, and the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod are fixed together. The threaded rods are coaxially arranged, the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod rotate at the same time, the left-handed threaded rod drives the first telescopic mechanism to rise, the right-handed threaded rod drives the second telescopic mechanism to descend, the first telescopic mechanism drives the swing mechanism to rise, the second telescopic The mechanism drives the swing driving mechanism to descend, the first shaft and the second shaft slide in the linear guide groove first, then the first shaft snaps into a pair of elastic devices and enters the arc-shaped guide groove, and the second shaft stays in the straight line Afterwards, the second power device drives the first shaft to swing in the arc-shaped guide groove with the axis of the second shaft as the center line of rotation. In this way, the swing mechanism can swing to a certain extent and is installed on the swing The execution end of the robot on the mechanism also swings accordingly; when the robot does not need to use the swing function of the extension arm, the second power device interrupts the power delivered to the first shaft, and under the elastic force of a pair of elastic devices, the first shaft resets to The connection between the linear guide groove and the arc-shaped guide groove, after that, driven by the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod connected together, the first telescopic mechanism descends and the second telescopic mechanism rises, the first shaft and the second telescopic The two shafts slide in the linear guide groove and move downward relative to the linear guide groove, so far, the swing mechanism is limited.
通过上述技术方案,本发明具有如下技术效果:第一,左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆的运用使摆动机构相对于摆动驱动机构的升降动作迅速,以提高工作效率;第二,第一伸缩机构和第二伸缩机构的反向运动可拉长或缩短延伸臂的长度,进而拉长或缩短小臂和延伸臂的总长度,以适应各种工况;第三,摆动机构可相对于摆动驱动机构作一定幅度的摆动,即赋予了小臂弯曲的功能,以适应各种工况。Through the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following technical effects: first, the use of the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod enables the swing mechanism to move up and down quickly relative to the swing drive mechanism, so as to improve work efficiency; second, the first telescopic mechanism The reverse movement with the second telescopic mechanism can lengthen or shorten the length of the extension arm, and then lengthen or shorten the total length of the small arm and the extension arm to adapt to various working conditions; thirdly, the swing mechanism can be driven relative to the swing The mechanism swings to a certain extent, which endows the forearm with the function of bending to adapt to various working conditions.
作为本发明对延伸臂的一种说明,所述支架体包括底座、支板;所述底座固定连接小臂,所述导向杆固定在底座上,所述支板固定在导向杆的顶部;所述第一伸缩机构包括第一伸缩底盘、一对第一导向柱、第一伸缩块;所述第一伸缩底盘螺接在左旋螺纹杆上,第一伸缩底盘开设第一导向槽口,所述第一导向槽口与导向杆滑动配合;所述一对第一导向柱设置在第一伸缩底盘上,所述支板上开设一对第一导向孔,一对第一导向柱以一对一的方式配合在一对第一导向孔内,所述第一伸缩块安装在第一导向柱的顶部,所述连接杆的一端与第一伸缩块固定连接,连接杆的另一端与第二轴铰接;所述第二伸缩机构包括第二伸缩底盘、第二导向柱、伸缩盘;所述第二伸缩底盘螺接在右旋螺纹杆上,第二伸缩底盘开设第二导向槽口,所述第二导向槽口与导向杆滑动配合;所述第二导向柱设置在第二伸缩底盘上,第二伸缩底盘位于第一伸缩底盘的下方;所述第一伸缩底盘开设第二导向孔,所述支板上开设第三导向孔,所述第二导向柱向上穿过第二导向孔和第三导向孔;所述伸缩盘安装在第二导向柱的顶部,所述摆动驱动机构固定在伸缩盘上。As a description of the extension arm in the present invention, the bracket body includes a base and a support plate; the base is fixedly connected to the small arm, the guide rod is fixed on the base, and the support plate is fixed on the top of the guide rod; The first telescopic mechanism includes a first telescopic chassis, a pair of first guide columns, and a first telescopic block; the first telescopic chassis is screwed on a left-handed threaded rod, and the first telescopic chassis is provided with a first guide notch, and the first telescopic chassis is provided with a first guide slot. The first guide notch is slidably matched with the guide rod; the pair of first guide posts are arranged on the first telescopic chassis, and a pair of first guide holes are opened on the support plate, and the pair of first guide posts are connected one by one. fit in a pair of first guide holes, the first telescopic block is installed on the top of the first guide column, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first telescopic block, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the second shaft Hinged; the second telescopic mechanism includes a second telescopic chassis, a second guide column, and a telescopic disk; the second telescopic chassis is screwed on a right-handed threaded rod, and the second telescopic chassis is provided with a second guide notch. The second guide notch is slidably matched with the guide rod; the second guide column is arranged on the second telescopic chassis, and the second telescopic chassis is located below the first telescopic chassis; the first telescopic chassis is provided with a second guide hole, so that A third guide hole is opened on the support plate, and the second guide column passes through the second guide hole and the third guide hole; the telescopic plate is installed on the top of the second guide column, and the swing driving mechanism is fixed on the on the plate.
按上述说明,联接在一起的左旋螺纹杆与右旋螺纹杆同时转动,左旋螺纹杆驱动第一伸缩底盘升降,右旋螺纹杆驱动第二伸缩底盘升降,第一伸缩底盘的升降在第一导向槽口和导向杆的导向下进行,第二伸缩底盘的升降在第二导向槽口和导向杆的导向下进行。According to the above description, the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod connected together rotate at the same time, the left-handed threaded rod drives the first telescopic chassis up and down, and the right-handed threaded rod drives the second telescopic chassis up and down, and the first telescopic chassis is raised and lowered in the first guide Carry out under the guidance of notch and guide rod, the lifting of the second telescopic chassis is carried out under the guidance of second guide notch and guide rod.
作为本发明对延伸臂的一种说明,所述右旋螺纹杆位于左旋螺纹杆的下方,右旋螺纹杆的底端枢接在底座上,左旋螺纹杆的顶端枢接在支板上,所述动力装置包括安装在右旋螺纹杆底部的蜗轮、与蜗轮啮合的蜗杆、与蜗杆联接的第一伺服电机,蜗杆枢接在底座上,第一伺服电机安装在底座上。按上述说明,左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆的转动由第一伺服电机驱动的蜗轮蜗杆驱动,由于蜗轮蜗杆具有良好的自锁功能,因此,本发明所述的摆动机构在摆动过程中可稳定地停留在空间的任意位置。As a description of the extension arm of the present invention, the right-handed threaded rod is located below the left-handed threaded rod, the bottom end of the right-handed threaded rod is pivotally connected to the base, and the top end of the left-handed threaded rod is pivotally connected to the support plate. The power device includes a worm wheel installed at the bottom of the right-hand threaded rod, a worm engaged with the worm wheel, and a first servo motor connected to the worm, the worm is pivotally connected to the base, and the first servo motor is installed on the base. According to the above description, the rotation of the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod is driven by the worm gear driven by the first servo motor. Since the worm gear has a good self-locking function, the swing mechanism of the present invention can be stable during the swing process. stay anywhere in space.
作为本发明对延伸臂的一种说明,所述摆动机构包括摆动体,所述第一轴和第二轴固定在摆动体上,摆动体上设有连接机器人执行末端的安装法兰;所述摆动驱动机构包括固定在伸缩盘上的导向板,所述直线形导向槽和圆弧形导向槽开设在导向板上,所述一对弹性装置和第二动力装置安装在导向板上。As a description of the extension arm in the present invention, the swing mechanism includes a swing body, the first shaft and the second shaft are fixed on the swing body, and the swing body is provided with a mounting flange connected to the execution end of the robot; The swing driving mechanism includes a guide plate fixed on the telescopic disc, the linear guide groove and the arc-shaped guide groove are opened on the guide plate, and the pair of elastic devices and the second power device are installed on the guide plate.
基于上述对延伸臂的说明,延伸臂中,所述一对弹性装置包括第一弹性装置和第二弹性装置,第一弹性装置和第二弹性装置均包括固定在导向板上的支撑座体、一端与支撑座体连接的伸缩弹簧、与伸缩弹簧另一端连接的限位板块,第一弹性装置的限位板块与第二弹性装置的限位板块相向设置。按上述说明,限位板的端部呈弧形状,在第一轴由直线形导向槽进入圆弧形导向槽的过程中,第一轴同时卡入了第一弹性装置限位板块与第二弹性装置限位板块之间,第一轴在圆弧形导向槽内左摆时,第一弹性装置限位板在伸缩弹簧的作用下与第一轴相抵并具有使第一轴复位的趋势,第一轴在圆弧形导向槽内右摆时,第二弹性装置限位板在伸缩弹簧的作用下与第一轴相抵并具有使第一轴复位的趋势。一旦第二动力装置中断向第一轴输送动力,第一轴即在第一弹性装置或第二弹性装置的作用下复位,以便第一轴和第二轴同时在直线形导向槽内滑动。Based on the above description of the extension arm, in the extension arm, the pair of elastic devices includes a first elastic device and a second elastic device, and both the first elastic device and the second elastic device include a support base fixed on the guide plate, One end of the telescopic spring connected to the support base, and the limiting plate connected with the other end of the telescopic spring, the limiting plate of the first elastic device and the limiting plate of the second elastic device are arranged opposite to each other. According to the above description, the end of the limit plate is in the shape of an arc, and when the first shaft enters the arc-shaped guide groove from the linear guide groove, the first shaft is simultaneously snapped into the first elastic device limit plate and the second Between the limiting plates of the elastic device, when the first shaft swings to the left in the arc-shaped guide groove, the limiting plate of the first elastic device will be offset against the first shaft under the action of the telescopic spring and has a tendency to reset the first shaft. When the first shaft swings to the right in the arc-shaped guide groove, the limiting plate of the second elastic device will abut against the first shaft under the action of the telescopic spring and has a tendency to reset the first shaft. Once the second power device interrupts the power transmission to the first shaft, the first shaft resets under the action of the first elastic device or the second elastic device, so that the first shaft and the second shaft slide in the linear guide groove simultaneously.
基于上述对延伸臂的说明,延伸臂中,所述第二动力装置包括固定在导向板上且横跨直线形导向槽的U形座体、固定在U形座体上的第二伺服电机、一端与第二伺服电机输出轴连接的第二连接杆、安装在第二连接杆另一端的第一气缸,第一气缸的活塞杆与第一轴平行,第一轴的端面上开设可与第一气缸活塞杆配合的第一孔。按上述说明,当第一轴进入圆弧形导向槽中时,第一轴被圆弧形导向槽的侧壁阻挡,第一轴和第二轴均止,其中,第二轴的轴心线与第二伺服电机输出轴的轴心线重合,第二伺服电机输出轴的旋转带动第二连接杆摆动,第二连接杆驱动第一气缸摆动,第一气缸的活塞杆插入第一轴的第一孔内以驱动第一轴摆动;当机器人无需摆动机构摆动时,第一气缸的活塞杆复位,脱离与第一轴的接触,在一对弹性装置的作用下,第一轴复位。Based on the above description of the extension arm, in the extension arm, the second power device includes a U-shaped seat fixed on the guide plate and straddling the linear guide groove, a second servo motor fixed on the U-shaped seat, One end of the second connecting rod connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor, and the first cylinder installed at the other end of the second connecting rod. A cylinder rod fits the first hole. According to the above description, when the first shaft enters the arc-shaped guide groove, the first shaft is blocked by the side wall of the arc-shaped guide groove, and both the first shaft and the second shaft stop, wherein the axis of the second shaft It coincides with the axis line of the output shaft of the second servo motor, the rotation of the output shaft of the second servo motor drives the swing of the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod drives the swing of the first cylinder, and the piston rod of the first cylinder is inserted into the first shaft of the first shaft. One hole is used to drive the first shaft to swing; when the robot swings without the swing mechanism, the piston rod of the first air cylinder resets and breaks away from the contact with the first shaft. Under the action of a pair of elastic devices, the first shaft resets.
作为本发明对延伸臂的一种说明,所述支架体上包裹有第一壳体,第一壳体与底座和支板固定连接;所述伸缩盘上包裹有第二壳体,第二壳体与伸缩盘固定连接,所述第一伸缩机构和第二伸缩机构位于第二壳体内。As a description of the extension arm in the present invention, the support body is wrapped with a first shell, and the first shell is fixedly connected with the base and the support plate; the telescopic disc is wrapped with a second shell, and the second shell The body is fixedly connected with the telescopic disk, and the first telescopic mechanism and the second telescopic mechanism are located in the second casing.
附图说明:Description of drawings:
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
图1为本发明一种设有延伸臂的轻型六轴通用机器人的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the light-duty six-axis universal robot that is provided with extension arm of the present invention;
图2为图1中延伸臂60的结构示意图;FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the extension arm 60 in FIG. 1;
图3为图2中延伸臂60隐去第一壳体66和第二壳体67后的结构示意图;FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the extension arm 60 in FIG. 2 after the first casing 66 and the second casing 67 are hidden;
图4为图3中支架体61、第一伸缩机构62、第二伸缩机构63的组合结构示意图;FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the bracket body 61, the first telescopic mechanism 62, and the second telescopic mechanism 63 in FIG. 3;
图5为图3中摆动机构64和摆动驱动机构65的组合结构示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the swing mechanism 64 and the swing drive mechanism 65 in FIG. 3;
图6为图5中从另一视角观察摆动机构64和摆动驱动机构65的组合结构所得的示意图;FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the combined structure of the swing mechanism 64 and the swing drive mechanism 65 observed from another perspective in FIG. 5;
图7为图2中延伸臂60中的摆动机构64摆动一定角度后的结构示意图;FIG. 7 is a structural schematic view of the swing mechanism 64 in the extension arm 60 in FIG. 2 after swinging at a certain angle;
图8为图7中延伸臂60隐去第一壳体66和第二壳体67后的结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the extension arm 60 in FIG. 7 with the first shell 66 and the second shell 67 hidden.
图中符号说明:Explanation of symbols in the figure:
10、底座体;10. Base body;
20、腰转部件;20. Waist swivel parts;
30、大臂;30. Boom;
40、小臂;40. Forearm;
60、延伸臂;60. Extension arm;
61、支架体;611、左旋螺纹杆;612、右旋螺纹杆;613、导向杆;614、底座;615、支板;616、蜗轮;617、蜗杆;618、第一伺服电机;61. Bracket body; 611. Left-handed threaded rod; 612. Right-handed threaded rod; 613. Guide rod; 614. Base; 615. Support plate; 616. Worm wheel; 617. Worm; 618. The first servo motor;
62、第一伸缩机构;622、第一伸缩底盘;623、第一导向柱;624、第一伸缩块;626、第一导向槽口;62. The first telescopic mechanism; 622. The first telescopic chassis; 623. The first guide column; 624. The first telescopic block; 626. The first guide notch;
63、第二伸缩机构;632、第二伸缩底盘;633、第二导向柱;634、伸缩盘;636、第二导向槽口;63. The second telescopic mechanism; 632. The second telescopic chassis; 633. The second guide column; 634. The telescopic plate; 636. The second guide notch;
64、摆动机构;640、摆动体;641、第一轴;642、第二轴;643、连接杆;644、安装法兰;64. Swing mechanism; 640. Swing body; 641. First shaft; 642. Second shaft; 643. Connecting rod; 644. Mounting flange;
65、摆动驱动机构;650、导向板;651、直线形导向槽;652、圆弧形导向槽;653、支撑座体;654、伸缩弹簧;655、限位板块;656、U形座体;657、第二伺服电机;658、第一气缸;65. Swing drive mechanism; 650. Guide plate; 651. Linear guide groove; 652. Arc-shaped guide groove; 653. Support base; 654. Telescopic spring; 655. Limiting plate; 657, the second servo motor; 658, the first cylinder;
66、第一壳体;66. The first casing;
67、第二壳体。67. The second casing.
具体实施方式:detailed description:
如图1,一种设有延伸臂的轻型六轴通用机器人,包括底座体10、枢接在底座体上的腰转部件20、枢接在腰转部件上的大臂30、安装在大臂上的小臂40,腰转部件绕底座体转动,大臂绕腰转部件转动。所述小臂上设有延伸臂60。As shown in Figure 1, a light-duty six-axis general-purpose robot provided with an extension arm includes a base body 10, a waist swivel part 20 pivotally connected to the base body, a boom 30 pivotally connected to the waist swivel part, and a For the small arm 40 on the top, the waist swivel part rotates around the base body, and the big arm rotates around the waist swivel part. The forearm is provided with an extension arm 60 .
如图3,所述延伸臂60包括固定连接小臂的支架体61、安装在支架体上的第一伸缩机构62和第二伸缩机构63、铰接在第一伸缩机构上的摆动机构64、固定在第二伸缩机构上的摆动驱动机构65。As shown in Figure 3, the extension arm 60 includes a bracket body 61 fixedly connected to the small arm, a first telescopic mechanism 62 and a second telescopic mechanism 63 installed on the bracket body, a swing mechanism 64 hinged on the first telescopic mechanism, a fixed Swing drive mechanism 65 on the second telescoping mechanism.
结合图4、图5,所述支架体上设有首尾联接的左旋螺纹杆611和右旋螺纹杆612、用于驱动左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆旋转的动力装置;所述第一伸缩机构与左旋螺纹杆螺接,第二伸缩机构与右旋螺纹杆螺接,支架体上设有对第一伸缩机构和第二伸缩机构进行导向的导向杆613。4 and 5, the support body is provided with a left-handed threaded rod 611 and a right-handed threaded rod 612 connected end to end, and a power device for driving the rotation of the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod; the first telescopic mechanism It is screwed with the left-handed threaded rod, and the second telescopic mechanism is screwed with the right-handed threaded rod. The support body is provided with a guide rod 613 for guiding the first telescopic mechanism and the second telescopic mechanism.
结合图4、图6,所述摆动机构包括平行设置的第一轴641和第二轴642,所述摆动驱动机构包括直线形导向槽651、设置在直线形导向槽端部且与直线形导向槽连通的圆弧形导向槽652、设置在圆弧形导向槽旁侧且左右对称设置的一对弹性装置、设置在圆弧形导向槽旁侧的第二动力装置。所述第二轴通过连接杆643与第一伸缩机构铰接,第二轴滑动配合在直线形导向槽内,第一轴滑动配合在圆弧形导向槽内,一对弹性装置将第一轴夹持在直线形导向槽和圆弧形导向槽的连通处,第一轴与第二轴的距离值等于圆弧形导向槽的圆弧半径值,所述第二动力装置用于驱动第一轴在圆弧形导向槽内滑动。4 and 6, the swing mechanism includes a first shaft 641 and a second shaft 642 arranged in parallel, and the swing drive mechanism includes a linear guide groove 651, which is arranged at the end of the linear guide groove and aligned with the linear guide groove. The arc-shaped guide groove 652 connected by the grooves, a pair of elastic devices arranged symmetrically on the sides of the arc-shaped guide groove, and the second power device arranged on the side of the arc-shaped guide groove. The second shaft is hinged with the first telescopic mechanism through the connecting rod 643, the second shaft is slidably fitted in the linear guide groove, the first shaft is slidably fitted in the arc-shaped guide groove, and a pair of elastic devices clamp the first shaft The distance between the first axis and the second axis is equal to the arc radius of the arc-shaped guide groove, and the second power device is used to drive the first axis Slide in the arc-shaped guide groove.
延伸臂60中,如图4,所述支架体61包括底座614、支板615;所述底座固定连接小臂40,所述导向杆613固定在底座上,所述支板固定在导向杆的顶部。所述第一伸缩机构62包括第一伸缩底盘622、一对第一导向柱623、第一伸缩块624;所述第一伸缩底盘螺接在左旋螺纹杆611上,第一伸缩底盘开设第In the extension arm 60, as shown in Figure 4, the support body 61 includes a base 614 and a support plate 615; the base is fixedly connected to the small arm 40, the guide rod 613 is fixed on the base, and the support plate is fixed on the guide rod. top. The first telescopic mechanism 62 includes a first telescopic chassis 622, a pair of first guide columns 623, and a first telescopic block 624;
一导向槽口626,所述第一导向槽口与导向杆滑动配合;所述一对第一导向柱设置在第一伸缩底盘上,所述支板上开设一对第一导向孔,一对第一导向柱以一对一的方式配合在一对第一导向孔内,所述第一伸缩块安装在第一导向柱的顶部,所述连接杆643的一端与第一伸缩块固定连接,连接杆的另一端与第二轴642铰接。所述第二伸缩机构63包括第二伸缩底盘632、第二导向柱633、伸缩盘634;所述第二伸缩底盘螺接在右旋螺纹杆612上,第二伸缩底盘开设第二导向槽口636,所述第二导向槽口与导向杆滑动配合;所述第二导向柱设置在第二伸缩底盘上,第二伸缩底盘位于第一伸缩底盘的下方;所述第一伸缩底盘开设第二导向孔,所述支板上开设第三导向孔,所述第二导向柱向上穿过第二导向孔和第三导向孔;所述伸缩盘安装在第二导向柱的顶部,所述摆动驱动机构65固定在伸缩盘上。A guide notch 626, the first guide notch is slidingly matched with the guide rod; the pair of first guide posts are arranged on the first telescopic chassis, and a pair of first guide holes are opened on the support plate, a pair of The first guide column fits in a pair of first guide holes in a one-to-one manner, the first telescopic block is installed on the top of the first guide post, and one end of the connecting rod 643 is fixedly connected to the first telescopic block, The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second shaft 642 . The second telescopic mechanism 63 includes a second telescopic chassis 632, a second guide column 633, and a telescopic disk 634; the second telescopic chassis is screwed on the right-handed threaded rod 612, and the second telescopic chassis has a second guide notch 636. The second guide notch is slidingly matched with the guide rod; the second guide column is arranged on the second telescopic chassis, and the second telescopic chassis is located below the first telescopic chassis; the first telescopic chassis is provided with a second Guide hole, the third guide hole is opened on the support plate, the second guide column passes through the second guide hole and the third guide hole upward; the telescopic plate is installed on the top of the second guide column, and the swing drive Mechanism 65 is fixed on the telescoping disc.
延伸臂60中,如图4,所述右旋螺纹杆612位于左旋螺纹杆611的下方,右旋螺纹杆的底端枢接在底座614上,左旋螺纹杆的顶端枢接在支板615上,所述动力装置包括安装在右旋螺纹杆底部的蜗轮616、与蜗轮啮合的蜗杆617、与蜗杆联接的第一伺服电机618,蜗杆枢接在底座上,第一伺服电机安装在底座上。In the extension arm 60 , as shown in FIG. 4 , the right-handed threaded rod 612 is located below the left-handed threaded rod 611 , the bottom end of the right-handed threaded rod is pivotally connected to the base 614 , and the top end of the left-handed threaded rod is pivotally connected to the support plate 615 , the power unit includes a worm gear 616 installed at the bottom of the right-hand threaded rod, a worm gear 617 meshing with the worm gear, and a first servo motor 618 coupled with the worm gear. The worm gear is pivotally connected to the base, and the first servo motor is mounted on the base.
延伸臂60中,结合图5、图6,所述摆动机构64包括摆动体640,所述第一轴641和第二轴642固定在摆动体上,摆动体上设有连接机器人执行末端的安装法兰644。所述摆动驱动机构65包括固定在伸缩盘634上的导向板650,所述直线形导向槽651和圆弧形导向槽652开设在导向板上,所述一对弹性装置和第二动力装置安装在导向板上。In the extension arm 60, referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the swing mechanism 64 includes a swing body 640, the first shaft 641 and the second shaft 642 are fixed on the swing body, and the swing body is provided with an installation for connecting the execution end of the robot. Flange 644. The swing drive mechanism 65 includes a guide plate 650 fixed on the telescopic disc 634, the linear guide groove 651 and the arc-shaped guide groove 652 are opened on the guide plate, and the pair of elastic devices and the second power device are installed on the deflector.
延伸臂60中,结合图5、图6,所述一对弹性装置包括第一弹性装置和第二弹性装置,第一弹性装置和第二弹性装置均包括固定在导向板上的支撑座体653、一端与支撑座体连接的伸缩弹簧654、与伸缩弹簧另一端连接的限位板块655,第一弹性装置的限位板块与第二弹性装置的限位板块相向设置。In the extension arm 60, with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the pair of elastic devices includes a first elastic device and a second elastic device, and both the first elastic device and the second elastic device include a support base 653 fixed on the guide plate 1. The telescopic spring 654 that one end is connected with the support seat body, the limiting plate 655 that is connected with the other end of the telescopic spring, the limiting plate of the first elastic device and the limiting plate of the second elastic device are arranged oppositely.
延伸臂60中,结合图5、图6,所述第二动力装置包括固定在导向板650上且横跨直线形导向槽651的U形座体656、固定在U形座体上的第二伺服电机657、一端与第二伺服电机输出轴连接的第二连接杆、安装在第二连接杆另一端的第一气缸658,第一气缸的活塞杆与第一轴641平行,第一轴的端面上开设可与第一气缸活塞杆配合的第一孔。In the extension arm 60, with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the second power device includes a U-shaped seat body 656 fixed on the guide plate 650 and straddling the linear guide groove 651, and a second U-shaped seat body fixed on the U-shaped seat body. Servomotor 657, the second connecting rod that one end is connected with the output shaft of the second servomotor, the first cylinder 658 that is installed on the other end of the second connecting rod, the piston rod of the first cylinder is parallel to the first shaft 641, the first shaft A first hole that can cooperate with the piston rod of the first cylinder is opened on the end face.
结合图2、图3,所述支架体61上包裹有第一壳体66,第一壳体与底座614和支板615固定连接;所述伸缩盘634上包裹有第二壳体67,第二壳体与伸缩盘固定连接,所述第一伸缩机构62和第二伸缩机构63位于第二壳体内。2 and 3, the support body 61 is wrapped with a first shell 66, and the first shell is fixedly connected with the base 614 and the support plate 615; the telescopic disc 634 is wrapped with a second shell 67, the second The second casing is fixedly connected with the telescopic disk, and the first telescopic mechanism 62 and the second telescopic mechanism 63 are located in the second casing.
实际操作中,本发明所述延伸臂的工作流程如下:In actual operation, the workflow of the extension arm of the present invention is as follows:
第一,联接在一起的左旋螺纹杆611和右旋螺纹杆612首尾固定在一起,左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆同轴设置,左旋螺纹杆和右旋螺纹杆同时旋转,左旋螺纹杆611驱动第一伸缩机构62上升,右旋螺纹杆612驱动第二伸缩机构63下降,第一伸缩机构带动摆动机构64上升,第二伸缩机构带动摆动驱动机构65下降;第一轴641和第二轴642首先在直线形导向槽651内滑动,之后,第一轴641卡入一对弹性装置中并进入圆弧形导向槽652内,第二轴留在直线形导向槽内。First, the left-handed threaded rod 611 and the right-handed threaded rod 612 that are connected together are fixed end to end, the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod are coaxially arranged, the left-handed threaded rod and the right-handed threaded rod rotate simultaneously, and the left-handed threaded rod 611 drives The first telescopic mechanism 62 rises, the right-hand threaded rod 612 drives the second telescopic mechanism 63 to descend, the first telescopic mechanism drives the swing mechanism 64 to rise, and the second telescopic mechanism drives the swing drive mechanism 65 to descend; the first shaft 641 and the second shaft 642 First, it slides in the linear guide groove 651, and then the first shaft 641 snaps into a pair of elastic devices and enters the arc-shaped guide groove 652, and the second shaft stays in the linear guide groove.
第二,第二动力装置驱动第一轴641以第二轴642的轴心线为旋转中心线在圆弧形导向槽652内摆动,如此,摆动机构64可作一定幅度的摆动,安装在摆动机构上的机器人执行末端亦随之摆动,参考图7、图8。Second, the second power unit drives the first shaft 641 to swing in the arc-shaped guide groove 652 with the axis line of the second shaft 642 as the center line of rotation, so that the swing mechanism 64 can swing to a certain extent and is installed on the swing The execution end of the robot on the mechanism also swings accordingly, refer to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 .
第三,当机器人无需使用延伸臂60的摆动功能时,第二动力装置中断向第一轴641输送的动力,在一对弹性装置的弹力作用下,第一轴复位至直线形导向槽651和圆弧形导向槽652的连通处,之后,在联接在一起的左旋螺纹杆611和右旋螺纹杆612的驱动下,第一伸缩机构62下降而第二伸缩机构63上升,第一轴641和第二轴642在直线形导向槽651内滑动且相对于直线形导向槽作下行运动,至此,摆动机构64被限位。Third, when the robot does not need to use the swing function of the extension arm 60, the second power device interrupts the power delivered to the first shaft 641, and under the elastic force of a pair of elastic devices, the first shaft returns to the linear guide groove 651 and At the communication part of the arc-shaped guide groove 652, afterward, driven by the left-handed threaded rod 611 and the right-handed threaded rod 612 connected together, the first telescopic mechanism 62 descends and the second telescopic mechanism 63 rises, and the first shaft 641 and The second shaft 642 slides in the linear guide groove 651 and moves downward relative to the linear guide groove, so far, the swing mechanism 64 is limited.
以上内容仅为本发明的较佳实施方式,对于本领域的普通技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The above content is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and application scope. limits.
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| CN105881526B (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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