CN105536162B - Slow drop formula the elderly's fire escape pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a slow-fall type elderly fire and lifesaving pipeline, which relates to the field of fire fighting and lifesaving. It mainly solves the technical problem that the current high-rise building fire rescue facilities are not suitable for the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly, and it is difficult for the elderly to escape safely in the high-rise building fire. The present invention includes eight parts: auxiliary pipeline, descending channel, inflatable seat, protective air cushion, speed reducer, fresh air pipeline, annular dispersion platform, and base. Open the distance, the inflatable seat and the protective air cushion can protect the life-saving of the elderly, the descending channel and the reducer make the life-saving process of the elderly more gentle, the fresh air duct prevents harmful gases from invading the elderly, and the ring-shaped dispersion platform can ensure that the elderly can descend to the ground after security. Its characteristics are: according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly, comprehensively respond to fire hazards, and realize the safe, efficient and gentle lifesaving of the elderly from high-rise building fires.

Description

Slow-falling fire rescue pipeline for the elderly

technical field

The invention relates to the field of fire fighting and lifesaving, in particular to a slow-falling fire and lifesaving pipeline for the elderly that is used to help the elderly safely escape from the fire when a fire occurs in a high-rise building.

Background technique

At present, my country has entered an aging society, and more and more elderly people live in high-rise buildings. After a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, the temperature rises rapidly, the harmful gas rises rapidly, there are many escapees, and the order is difficult to stabilize. The elderly are in a more difficult situation in the complex fire scene. 1. The exercise ability is relatively poor. Secondly, the elderly have poor tolerance to high temperature, harmful gases, and collisions. Furthermore, the elderly are prone to damage to their own cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases under adverse stimuli such as excessive movement speed and panic. , dealing derivative damage. Therefore, when a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, if the life-saving facilities cannot be used quickly, the elderly will be harmed by the fire in a short period of time; if the rescue efficiency of the rescue facilities is not high, the probability of the elderly being injured by the fire will increase; The facility runs too fast and lacks auxiliary protection for the physiological characteristics of the elderly. It is also easy to cause derivative injuries to the elderly during the lifesaving process, and cannot achieve the purpose of safe lifesaving. To sum up, for the fire rescue facilities of high-rise buildings used by the elderly, the requirements of safety, efficiency and gentleness should be taken into account.

At present, the high-rise building fire life-saving equipment put into use or the design of high-rise building fire life-saving aspects recorded in patent documents mainly include the following types:

Life-saving equipment represented by ladders and slides. For example, the application number: CN200420012013 high-rise fire rescue vehicle. According to its drawings and text description, under working conditions, its top needs to be close to the window or balcony to allow escapees to enter the life-saving facilities. This has the following problems: the device needs to be adjusted once when it is docked with a survivor. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously adjust the facility to ensure the rescue of survivors on different floors. The accuracy of the operation is difficult to guarantee, and the lifesaving efficiency is also low. Secondly along with the increase of floor height, its inclination angle with building can be close to vertical gradually, and this just causes great danger for the elderly to use this life-saving equipment, is difficult to reach the purpose of safe escape.

Life-saving facilities represented by slides. For example, application number: CN201420145987 A spiral escape slide for high-rise buildings. According to the drawings and text descriptions, using the slide to escape is relying on the escaper’s own weight to slide downwards in a spiral. Due to the lack of effective control, the sliding speed is getting faster and faster, and the probability of collision between the front and rear escapers increases. It is easy to cause injury, and for the elderly with weak physical strength and constitution, the possibility of using this kind of facility to escape and be injured is even greater.

Life-saving equipment represented by spreaders, such as the application number: CN201210351355 high-rise fire life-saving machine, according to the drawings and the description in the content of the invention, "after one side has fallen to the bottom, the other side is ready to install people and put ropes. Two-way escape The problem of the "mode" is: use the spreader to escape, the rescued person is in the open high altitude, and the distance to the fire building is close, the flame and poisonous gas are easy to cause damage to the escaped personnel on the spreader, and the spreader is in the process of being suspended. Among them, the requirements for the physical strength and psychological endurance of the survivors are relatively high, and it is unbearable for the elderly with weaker bodies and poor ability to withstand stimuli. Furthermore, the number of spreaders is limited, and they rise and fall alternately. A lot of time is delayed between reciprocating, causing the problem of low life-saving efficiency, therefore, using the spreader form to carry out fire-saving life-saving is not suitable for the elderly.

According to the above, there is no high-rise building fire life-saving facility specially aimed at the characteristics of the elderly at present. Escape has the problems of low safety performance, low lifesaving efficiency, running speed and auxiliary protection measures that are not suitable for the psychological and physiological characteristics of the elderly. This is very unfavorable for ensuring the life safety of the elderly and improving the emergency lifesaving work of high-rise buildings under the fire situation of high-rise buildings.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is aimed at the fire life-saving equipment and the fire life-saving facilities recorded in the patent literature that have been put into use after the high-rise buildings are on fire at present. For helping the elderly to escape from the high-rise buildings on fire, the safety performance is not high and the life-saving efficiency is low. , Running speed and auxiliary protective measures are not compatible with the psychological and physiological characteristics of the elderly, and provide a slow-falling fire rescue pipeline for the elderly.

The invention includes eight parts: an auxiliary pipeline, a descending channel, an inflatable seat, a protective air cushion, a speed reducer, a fresh air pipeline, an annular dispersion platform and a base.

1. The auxiliary pipeline is composed of a pipe body, a connecting channel, a fire door, a hydraulic push rod, and a stabilizing bracket. The pipe body is close to the outer wall of the building, and the bottom end is connected to the base. There is an inflatable pipe on the inner side of the pipe wall to connect the inflatable seat and the protective air cushion. There is a connecting channel on the side of the pipe body close to the building. The connecting channel is a closed rectangular channel formed by folded plates connected together. After unfolding, it forms a channel between the building and the pipe body. There is a one-way opening fire door at the connecting end of the connecting channel and the building. It is installed on the side of the wall or Is the balcony, closed daily. There are multiple sets of hydraulic push rods, one end is fixed on the outer wall of a high-rise building, and the other end is fixed on the outside of the pipe body. The hydraulic push rods are electrically activated, and the power supply is connected separately outside the building. The hydraulic push rod pushes the pipe body to move laterally along the slide rail to separate from the building where the fire occurred. There are multiple stabilizing brackets, which are located on the side of the pipe body and support the pipe body obliquely after being opened.

2. The descending channel is a plurality of cylinders, which are connected around the auxiliary pipeline, and there is an opening between the auxiliary pipeline, and a pulley with a groove on the outside is fixed on the top of the opening. The cylinder wall is divided into two layers, the outer layer is a refractory layer, and the inner layer is a buffer layer. There is an escape door that is pushed outward on the side away from the building, and is connected with a life-saving ladder. There is a sensor inside the descending channel, which is connected to the external LED light of the descending channel. When an object passes by the sensor, the external LED light emits light, and the descending channel is connected to the reducer outside.

3. The inflatable seat is a C-shaped backrest style made of nylon, which is connected by multiple airbags. There is a seat belt obliquely, an inflation port at the bottom, and a hook on the top of the inflatable seat.

4. The protective air cushion is an airtight airbag, which forms an air cushion after inflating, located under the inflatable seat, and the top surface is connected with the inflatable seat.

5. There are multiple reducers, and the residents on each floor have their own reducers. The reducer is composed of a circular tube, an elastic resistance wheel, a sliding cone, a limit groove, a descending rope, a support frame, and an emergency rope. The round pipe is a through straight pipe, fixed on the outside of the descending channel, with openings on the top and bottom sides. The elastic resistance wheels are four groups of solid wheels, distributed longitudinally at 90-degree intervals on the side wall of the circular tube, with regular lines on the surface, and a rotating shaft in the center of the elastic resistance wheel, which is connected to the support frame. The support frame is fixed on the side wall of the circular tube. There are two spring groups in the middle of the support frame. The spring groups are formed by connecting two sections of springs with different thicknesses. After the top of the elastic resistance wheel is squeezed, the rotating shaft applies force to the spring group, the spring group shrinks, and the elastic resistance wheel moves to the bottom of the support frame. The sliding cone includes three parts: the pressure wheel plate, the forward cone and the reverse cone. The upper part of the forward cone is a solid body, and the top vertically runs through a section of holes. The middle part is divided into four unfolded surfaces, and there are longitudinal grooves inside the four unfolded surfaces. , there is a rotating shaft connection between the forward cone middle cone and the upper cone. The pressure roller plates are four long strips with upturned ends and concave center, which are fixed on the outer edge of the forward cone development surface, and the concave part in the center corresponds to the elastic resistance wheel. The bottom plane of the reverse cone is on the top, and there are protrusions on the edge that coincide with the longitudinal grooves on the four development surfaces of the forward cone, and the protrusions move upward along the grooves when subjected to external force. The limit groove is a longitudinal rectangular groove body, and the two sides are fixed on the top of the support frame. One end of the inside defines the elastic resistance wheel, and the other end defines the pressure wheel plate to control the movement track of the two parts. bearings. One end of the descending rope passes through the hole through the top of the forward cone and is fixed at the center of the bottom of the reverse cone. The other end has a lock, which is fastened to the hook on the top of the inflatable seat. The descending rope is opened from the top side of the round tube. Go out, walk around the pulley at the top of the opening of the descending passage, and the length of the descending rope is different according to the height of the floor. One end of the emergency rope is fixed on the top of the reverse cone, and the other end is passed through the side opening at the bottom of the circular tube and wound on the wire winder on one side of the inflatable seat.

6. The fresh air pipeline includes a fan, an intake pipe, and a filter. The fan is located at the bottom of the descending passage and is connected to the intake pipe. The air intake pipe is attached to the side of the descending passage to inject fresh air into the descending passage, so as to avoid the poisonous gas produced by the burning of buildings from harming the elderly in the descending passage. The filter screen filters the sundries in the air of the fire scene and prevents them from entering the intake pipe.

7. The circular dispersion platform is composed of circular slide rails and an inflatable ceiling. The ring-shaped slide rail is a guide passage formed by two rails, which is connected with the bottom ends of each descending passage in a ring shape, and the bottom ends are gradually raised. The inflatable canopy sits on top of the circular track and consists of multiple inflatable cells.

8. The base is composed of chassis, slide rail and cover plate. The chassis is connected with the slide rail and is a rectangular metal component.

Embedded under the concrete floor on the outside of the building. The slide rails are fixed on the chassis and are two parallel sections of rails that guide the movement of the auxiliary pipeline. The cover plate is a metal plate covering the slide rail.

The positive effects of the present invention: once a fire alarm occurs in a high-rise building, the building management personnel can switch on the power supply of the hydraulic push rod, so that the life-saving pipeline is separated from the fire-fighting building, and the life-saving can be carried out independently without waiting for the rescue of professional firefighters. Elderly people on different floors can escape from the fire scene and enter a relatively closed passage in a relatively short period of time, effectively preventing high-temperature burning, poisonous gas infringement, high-altitude falling objects and other human injuries in a fire environment, with high efficiency . Under the protection of the inflatable seat and the protective air cushion, it can effectively prevent the elderly from colliding with each other and causing injury during their escape; in addition, under the action of the reducer, the elderly can slide down smoothly on the inflatable seat, which is in line with the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly. In the shortest possible time, the elderly can realize safe, efficient and gentle fire rescue, and comprehensively deal with the problems encountered by the elderly in high-rise building fires. At the same time, as a stable platform near the fire, it can also carry fire extinguishing equipment such as fire ladders and fire hoses, which is conducive to fire fighting and lifesaving work.

Description of drawings

The above and other features of the invention can be further understood by the following elaboration and non-limiting description of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic general diagram of the structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1—auxiliary pipeline, 2—descending channel, 3—inflatable seat, 4—protective air cushion,

5—reducer, 6—fresh air duct, 7—annular dispersion platform, 8—base.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

In the figure: 1—auxiliary pipeline, 2—descending channel, 5—reducer, 12—connecting channel,

13—Fire doors.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the working state of the auxiliary pipeline of the present invention.

In the figure: 3—inflatable seat, 4—protective air cushion, 11—pipe body, 12—connecting channel,

13—fire door, 14—hydraulic push rod, 15—stabilizing support, 16—air pump, 82—sliding rail.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the descending channel of the present invention.

In the figure: 1—auxiliary pipeline, 2—descending channel, 21—pulley, 22—refractory layer,

23—buffer layer, 24—inductor, 26—LED light, 55—descending rope.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the descending channel of the present invention.

In the figure: 2—descend passage, 25—escape door, 26—LED light, 27—life ladder.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inflatable seat and the protective air cushion of the present invention.

Among the figure: 3—inflatable seat, 4—protective air cushion, 31—air bag, 32—seat belt,

33—hook, 34—winder, 35—emergency rope, 55—descending rope.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speed reducer of the present invention in a static state.

In the figure: 35—emergency rope, 51—circular pipe, 52—elastic resistance wheel, 53—sliding cone,

54—pressure wheel plate, 55—descending rope, 56—limiting groove, 57—support frame.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speed reducer of the present invention in a moving state.

In the figure: 35—emergency rope, 51—round pipe, 52—elastic resistance wheel, 54—pressure wheel plate,

55—dropping rope, 56—limiting groove, 57—support frame, 58—forward cone,

59—reverse cone, 91—spring group.

Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of the limiting groove of the present invention.

In the figure: 52—elastic resistance wheel, 54—pressure wheel plate, 56—limiting groove, 57—support frame,

90—bearing.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame of the present invention.

Among the figure: 51—round pipe, 52—elastic resistance wheel, 57—bracing frame, 91—spring group.

Fig. 11 is a working diagram of the emergency rope of the present invention.

Among the figure: 3—inflatable seat, 34—winder, 35—emergency rope, 52—elastic resistance wheel,

54—pressure wheel plate, 58—forward cone, 59—reverse cone.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the fresh air duct of the present invention.

Among the figure: 2—descending channel, 61—intake pipe, 62—filter screen, 63—fan.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular dispersion platform of the present invention.

Among the figure: 2—descending channel, 71—circular slide rail, 72—inflatable ceiling.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the present invention.

Among the figure: 81—chassis, 82—slide rail, 83—cover plate.

Detailed ways

The concrete use of the present invention is described in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 shows that the present invention consists of an auxiliary pipeline (1), a descending channel (2), an inflatable seat (3), a protective air cushion (4), a reducer (5), a fresh air pipeline (6), and an annular dispersion platform (7) , Base (8) is made up of eight parts.

Figure 2 shows the interconnection relationship among the auxiliary pipeline (1), descending channel (2), speed reducer (5), connecting channel (12) and fire door (13) of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows that after a high-rise building fire occurs, start the power supply of the hydraulic push rod (14), and the hydraulic push rod (14) pushes the pipe body (11) to the outside of the building along the slide rail (82), and pulls away from the fire scene At a certain distance, the stabilizing bracket (15) is deployed laterally to the pipe body (11) to maintain overall stability. Simultaneously, the connection passage (12) between the fire door (13) and the pipe body (11) is expanded to form a passage away from the fire building. At the same time, the air pump (16) starts, and the generated gas inflates the inflatable seat (3) and the protective air cushion (4) along the inflation pipe of the pipe wall of the pipe body (11) to make it full.

Figure 4 shows that there is an opening connection between the descending channel (2) and the auxiliary pipeline (1), and a pulley (21) with grooves on the outside is fixed above the opening. The pipe wall of the descending channel (2) is divided into double layers, the outer refractory layer (22) is a refractory material to isolate the high temperature damage of fire, and the inner buffer layer (23) is an elastic material to slow down the damage of the human body colliding with the outer wall. The pulley (21) is conducive to the movement of the descending rope (55). The descending passage (2) is divided into multiple groups, which is convenient for the elderly to quickly select. The LED lamp (26) can intuitively understand the descending situation of the survivors in the descending channel (2) from the outside, and provides a basis for rescue decision-making.

Figure 5 shows the observation of the descending channel (2) from the outside, through the LED lights (26) outside the tube wall, the general number of escaped persons and their descending state are shown, which is convenient for external firefighting forces to take further measures to meet them. Assuming congestion occurs, the survivors can open the escape door (25) and climb out, waiting for external firefighters to rescue along the lifesaving ladder (27). The rescue ladder (27) here also can provide help to the fire extinguishing of high-rise buildings for firefighters.

Figure 6 shows that the inflatable seat (3) is a C-shaped seat formed by connecting a plurality of airbags (31). The elderly snap the hook (33) on the top with the buckle of the descending rope (55) and seat into the inflatable seat. The seat (3), fasten the oblique safety belt (32), and the inflatable seat (3) wraps the human body to produce a protective effect, so as to prevent other survivors from colliding with the elderly during the descent and causing injury. When the descent is abnormal, pull up the emergency rope (35) wound by the winder (34) on the side of the inflatable seat (3). The protective air cushion (4) forms separation protection between successively descending inflatable seats (3), preventing the elderly in the descending passage (2) from being injured by mutual collision, and providing better protection for the elderly to escape.

Figure 7 shows that the side wall of the circular tube (51) distributes elastic resistance wheels (52) longitudinally at intervals of 90 degrees. In the static state, the pressure wheel plate (54) is close to the elastic resistance wheels (52) supported by the support frame (57). , the sliding cone (53) is located at the bottom of the round pipe (51), one end of the descending rope (55) is connected to the sliding cone (53), the elastic resistance wheel (52) and the pressure wheel plate (54) are controlled by the limit groove (56), and the movement The location is relatively fixed.

Figure 8 shows that the descending rope (55) is pulled by the gravity of the human body, and produces an upward pulling force on the reverse cone (59) at the other end. The side of the reverse cone (59) protrudes along the middle of the forward cone (58). The inner groove is pressed upwards, and the expansion surfaces of the forward cone (58) are expanded outwards after being squeezed, and the pressing wheel plate (54) on the edge presses the elastic resistance wheel (52), and the elastic resistance wheel (52) is pressed After squeezing, apply force to the spring group (91) in the middle of the support frame (57) to make it shrink, and the pressure wheel plate (54) continuously rolls the elastic resistance wheel (52) to move upward, and rolls on the pressure wheel plate (54). The friction force of the elastic resistance wheel (52) and the resistance of the front end of the elastic resistance wheel (52) in the direction of movement of the pressure wheel plate (54) make the ascending speed of the descending rope (55) uniform, avoiding the elderly in the process of descending. During the hazard caused by continuous acceleration, the emergency rope (35) plays a role in the failure of the descent.

Figure 9 shows that the limit groove (56) is a longitudinal rectangular groove body, the two sides are fixed on the top of the support frame (57), and one end of it defines the elastic resistance wheel (52), and the other end defines the pressure wheel plate (54). The concave part in the center of the wheel plate (54) corresponds to the elastic resistance wheel (52), and the limit groove (56) controls the motion trajectory of the two parts to ensure that the joint between the two does not deviate. The bearing (90) in the middle of the limit groove (56) ) to further correct the running track of the pinch wheel plate (54), so as to impel it to run smoothly.

Figure 10 shows that the support frame (57) is fixed on the side wall of the circular tube (51), and there are two spring groups (91) in the middle of the support frame (57). The spring is thicker. The top of the elastic resistance wheel (52) is squeezed, and the rotating shaft applies force to the spring set (91). After the spring set (91) contracts, the elastic resistance wheel (52) moves to the bottom end of the support frame (57). The spring group (91) is formed by connecting two sections of springs with different thicknesses, which can better adapt to the pressure of elderly people of different weights on the elastic resistance wheel (52), and ensure that elderly people of different weights can smoothly descend and escape.

Figure 11 shows that when the pressure wheel plate (54) is working abnormally, the emergency rope (35) wound by the winder (34) is pulled upward, and the reverse cone (59) is pulled to move downward, weakening the positive cone (58). With the support of the unfolded surface, the pressing wheel plate (54) breaks away from the extrusion of the elastic set wheel (52), and the inflatable seat (3) can continue to descend.

Figure 12 shows that when the fan (63) is working, the non-polluted air enters the descending passage (2) through the intake pipe (61), and the sundries in the air at the fire scene are filtered by the filter screen (62) to avoid the descending passage (2) The elderly who escaped internally inhaled harmful gases from the outside and caused injuries.

Figure 13 shows that the bottom end of the descending channel (2) is connected to the annular slide rail (71), and the bottom end of the annular slide rail (71) is lifted to help the descending old man gradually slow down here, which is beneficial for the escapers to transfer as soon as possible. There is an inflatable ceiling (72) on its upper part, which protects the life-saving area from the damage of falling objects in the building fire, and has a shock absorption effect at the same time, and can accept escapers who jump out of the building from the lower floors.

Fig. 14 has shown the structure of chassis (81), slide rail (82), cover plate (83). The chassis (81) is connected with the slide rail (82), is a rectangular metal component, and is embedded under the concrete ground outside the building. The slide rail (82) is fixed on the chassis (81), and is two sections of parallel tracks. The cover plate (83) is a metal plate, which is covered on the slide rail (82) at ordinary times, does not affect the passage of vehicles and personnel in daily life, and is lifted during a fire.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline, it is characterized in that：Including subsidiary conduit（1）, decline passway（2）, inflation Seat（3）, protection air-cushion（4）, retarder（5）, fresh air pipeline（6）, annular dispersion platform（7）, pedestal（8）Eight parts, it is described Subsidiary conduit（1）By tube body（11）, interface channel（12）, fire resistant doorsets（13）, hydraulic push rod（14）, center rest（15）Group At tube body（11）Close to skin, bottom end connects pedestal（8）, tube wall inside has gas tube to connect inflatable seat（3）And it is anti- Protect air cushion（4）, tube body（11）There is interface channel close to building side（12）, tube body（11）It is separated according to floor, connection is logical Road（12）For the closing oblong channel for folding plank and constituting to link together, building and tube body are formed after expansion（11）It Between channel, interface channel（12）There are the fire resistant doorsets unidirectionally opened with building connecting pin（13）, it is arranged in the sides resident family Zhong Qiang Or on balcony, daily closing, hydraulic push rod（14）To be multigroup, one end is fixed on high-rise building outer wall, and the other end is fixed on Tube body（11）Outside, hydraulic push rod（14）To electrically activate, power supply is independently accessed outside building, hydraulic push rod（14）Push tube body （11）Along sliding rail（82）Transverse shifting detaches, center rest with the building that fire occurs（15）It is more, is located at tube body（11） Side, opening retread to support tube body（11）.

2. slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the decline passway（2） For multiple cylinders, it is connected to subsidiary conduit（1）Surrounding, with subsidiary conduit（1）Between have an opening, open top end fix one it is outer Side pulley with groove（21）, barrel is divided into bilayer, and outer layer is flame retardant coating（22）, internal layer is buffer layer（23）, far from building There are the emergency exits pushed out out in side（25）, it is connected with safety ladder（27）, decline passway（2）There is inductor in inside（24）, under Channel drops（2）External LED lamp（26）Connection has object to pass through inductor（24）When, external LED light（26）Light is sent out, under Channel drops（2）Outside connects retarder（5）.

3. slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the inflatable seat （3）For the c-type backrest pattern of nylon material, by multiple air bags（31）It is formed by connecting, it is oblique to have safety belt（32）, there is inflation in bottom end Mouthful, inflatable seat（3）Hook is arranged at top（33）.

4. slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the protection air-cushion （4）For closed air bag, air cushion is formed after inflation, is located at inflatable seat（3）Under, top surface and inflatable seat（3）Connection.

5. slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the retarder（5） To be multiple, there is respective retarder in each floor resident family respectively（5）, retarder（5）By pipe（51）, elasticity resistance wheel（52）, sliding cone （53）, limiting slot（56）, supporting rack（57）, decline rope（55）, emergent rope（35）Composition, pipe（51）For the straight of perforation Pipe, is fixed on decline passway（2）Outside, there is an opening in top and bottom side, elasticity resistance wheel（52）For four groups of solid wheels, in circle Pipe（51）Side wall is according to 90 degree of interval genesis analysis, the well-regulated lines in surface, elasticity resistance wheel（52）Center has shaft, shaft to connect Connect supporting rack（57）, supporting rack（57）It is fixed on pipe（51）Side wall, supporting rack（57）There are two groups of springs at middle part（91）, spring Group（91）By being formed by connecting before and after the different two-section spring of thickness, the spring that top connects shaft is thinner, bottom attachment support frame （57）Spring it is thicker, elasticity resistance wheel（52）After top is squeezed, shaft is to groups of springs（91）Force, groups of springs（91）It receives Contracting, elasticity resistance wheel（52）To supporting rack（57）Bottom end is moved, sliding cone（53）Including pinch wheel plate（54）, positive cone（58）, it is reversed Cone（59）Three parts, forward direction cone（58）Top is entity, and top down is divided into four exhibitions vertically through a sector hole hole below middle part Face is opened, there is longitudinal fluting, forward direction cone on the inside of four developed surfaces（58）There are shaft connection, pinch roller between middle part cone and top cone Plate（54）It is upwarped for four both ends, the strip plate of central dip, is fixed on positive cone（58）The outer ledge of developed surface, under center Recess portion corresponds to elasticity resistance wheel（52）, reversed to bore（59）Baseplane upper, edge has bores with positive（58）Four developed surfaces are vertical The protrusion coincideing to groove, the protrusion are moved up by when outer force effect along groove, limiting slot（56）For longitudinal rectangle groove body, Two sides are fixed on supporting rack（57）Top, internal one end limit elasticity resistance wheel（52）, other end restriction pinch wheel plate（54）, control The movement locus of two components is made, on both sides of the middle has close to pinch wheel plate（54）The bearing of side（90）, decline rope（55）It wears one end Cross positive cone（58）The perforative hole of top down, is fixed on reversed cone（59）The center of bottom surface, the other end have lock, lock Button fastens inflatable seat（3）The hook at top（33）, decline rope（55）By pipe（51）Top-side opening is pierced by, and is bypassed down Channel drops（2）The pulley of open top end（21）, according to story height difference, decline rope（55）Length is different, rope of meeting an urgent need （35）One end is fixed on reversed cone（59）Ogival, one end is by pipe（51）Bottom sides opening, which is pierced by, is wrapped in inflatable seat （3）The bobbin winoler of side（34）On.

6. slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the fresh air pipeline （6）Including air inlet pipe（61）, filter screen（62）, wind turbine（63）, wind turbine（63）Positioned at decline passway（2）Bottom, connect air inlet Pipe（61）, air inlet pipe（61）It is attached to decline passway（2）Side, to decline passway（2）Inside injection fresh air, avoids building The toxic gas of object burning generation is built to decline passway（2）Interior the elderly causes to encroach on, filter screen（62）It filters in the air of the scene of a fire Sundries, prevent its enter air inlet pipe（61）.

7. slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the annular dispersion Platform（7）By endless glide（71）, inflation ceiling（72）Composition, endless glide（71）For two tracks composition guide channel, With each decline passway（2）Bottom end connects, and in a ring, bottom end is gradually lifted, and inflates ceiling（72）Positioned at endless glide（71）Top, It is made of multiple air bags.

8. slow drop formula the elderly fire escape pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the pedestal（8）By Chassis（81）, sliding rail（82）, cover board（83）Composition, chassis（81）With sliding rail（82）Connection, is rectangle metal component, and insertion is built It builds under the mattess of beyond the region of objective existence side, sliding rail（82）It is fixed on chassis（81）On, it is two sections of parallel tracks, guides auxiliary tube Road（1）Movement, cover board（83）For metallic plate, it is covered in sliding rail（82）On.