CN105152082A - Forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a forklift, which comprises a handle and a frame, wherein the handle is composed of a handrail and a vertical rod, the frame is composed of a large wheel, a fork wheel, a cargo fork, a lifting plate and a support seat, and the lower end of the support seat is connected with the large wheel. The two sides of the support seat are respectively connected with the connecting rod assembly, which extends from the lower side of the fork to connect with the fork wheel. The vertical rod passes through the lifting plate and is fixed on the supporting seat. The rod forms the sleeve of the moving pair, and the forklift is also equipped with a step-up device composed of a link mechanism and a traction mechanism; the forklift is also equipped with a brake device for adjusting the speed of the fork. The pallet fork of the forklift of the present invention is lifted quickly, and the overall cost of the forklift is reduced while improving work efficiency.

Description

a forklift

technical field

The invention relates to a forklift.

Background technique

A manual hydraulic forklift is commonly used in existing forklifts. The structure of this manual hydraulic forklift mainly includes a handle, a vehicle frame, a support base, a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the support base, and a frame lift connected to the upper end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The plate and the hydraulic cylinder are important components of the forklift, and the lifting of the forklift frame needs to be driven by the hydraulic cylinder. When the cargo is lowered, the weight of the fork and the cargo makes the frame fall back to the bottom automatically. During use, the lifting, neutral and lowering of the car body can be adjusted by controlling the handle in different gears. In the lifting process of the prior art, it is necessary to continuously press the handle back and forth, so that the liquid medium continuously enters the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, pushes the piston rod to move upward, the lifting plate of the frame is lifted, and the fork and goods are lifted. Therefore, the existing hydraulic forklift The lifting is slow. In order to improve the loading and unloading efficiency, the lifting speed of this manual hydraulic forklift should be increased. In addition, considering that the processing quality and precision of the hydraulic cylinder determine the service life of the manual hydraulic forklift to a large extent, the high production cost of the hydraulic cylinder makes the overall cost of the manual forklift remain high.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulic forklift, which can quickly lift goods, improve loading and unloading efficiency, and cancel the hydraulic cylinder module, reducing the cost of the forklift.

The present invention solves the above technical problems by adopting the following technical solutions: a forklift, including a handle and a frame, wherein the handle is composed of a handrail and a pole, and the frame is composed of a large wheel, a fork wheel, a fork, a lifting plate and a support seat , the lower end of the support seat is connected with the big wheel, and the two sides of the support seat are respectively connected with the connecting rod assembly. The connecting rod assembly extends from the lower side of the fork to connect with the fork wheel. The side pole is equipped with a sleeve that forms a moving pair with the pole. The forklift is also equipped with a step-up device. The step-up device is composed of a connecting rod mechanism and a traction mechanism; , curved rods and inner and outer brackets, the inner and outer brackets are fixed on the support seat in parallel, the curved rods are composed of short segments and long segments, the short segments and long segments are fixedly connected with the drum and installed inside , between the outer brackets, connecting rods, pedals, outer brackets, and long sections of the curved rods are connected in turn to form a parallelogram mechanism; the traction mechanism includes a traction cord, a traction large wheel set and a traction small wheel set, and one end of the traction cord is connected to the The curved rod is connected in short sections, and the other end bypasses the small traction wheel set and the large traction wheel set and is fixed on the end surface of the lifting plate. Installed on the sleeve and the handle pole respectively.

In the lifting device of the forklift of the present invention, the link mechanism and the traction mechanism act in sequence when the goods are lifted, the chain connected to the lifting plate in the traction mechanism gradually shortens, the sprocket connected to the sleeve goes up, and the sleeve follows along the vertical rod Lifting, the top of the sleeve lifts the lifting plate, the fork is lifted with the lifting plate, and the linkage mechanism is in a low position at this time; the traction mechanism and the linkage mechanism act in sequence when the cargo is lowered, and the frame lifting plate weighs on the fork. Under the action of gravity, it directly acts on the sleeve, the lifting plate and the sleeve descend, the chain section connected with the lifting plate is extended, the chain connected with the short section of the curved rod of the linkage mechanism is pulled down, and the linkage mechanism returns to the high position. The structure of the forklift eliminates the hydraulic cylinder module, and the lifting is relatively fast, which not only reduces the cost of the forklift, but also improves work efficiency.

A locking block is arranged on the outer side of the sleeve, and the locking block is installed on a supporting frame through a pin shaft, and the supporting frame is fixed on the supporting base, and a return spring and a slide chain are arranged on the locking block.

With the above setting, when the sleeve moves up to the highest position along the vertical pole, the locking block contacts the lower end surface of the sleeve under the action of the return spring, and tightens the sleeve to prevent it from going down. After the fork is lifted, it can maintain its lift Turn and move the forklift at a high altitude; first pull the zipper to disengage the locking block from the lower end of the sleeve, and the fork is ready to descend.

The traction bullagle installed on the sleeve is provided with a brake device, the main body of the brake disc of the brake device is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the traction bulla, the brake disc cover is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the traction bulla, and the brake Connect the brake line to control the expansion and contraction of the brake pads in the brake disc, and the brake handle is fixed on the handle armrest.

With the above settings, the brake device is in a normally closed state. When the fork is lifted, the brake handle is controlled to open the brake device; when the fork is lowered, the brake pad is controlled by the brake handle to open the brake pad to control the falling speed.

The traction cord of the traction mechanism is a chain, and the traction large wheel set and the traction small wheel set are respectively a large sprocket set and a small sprocket set. The traction cord of the traction mechanism is a steel wire rope, and the traction large pulley set and the traction small pulley set are respectively a large pulley set and a small pulley set.

Above-mentioned arrangement, traction mechanism can be wire rope and pulley mechanism, can be chain and sprocket mechanism, and when wire rope or chain transmits motion from connecting rod mechanism to gear mechanism, impact is less, and pallet fork lifts more stable.

Description of drawings

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic forklift in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the unlifted fork of the forklift according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fork lift of the forklift according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a forklift according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the unlifted structure of the fork of the forklift according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Among Fig. 1 1. Knob 2. Handle 3. Vehicle frame 4. Lifting plate 5. Fork 6. Fork wheel 7. Connecting rod assembly 8. Support seat 9. Hydraulic cylinder.

In Fig. 2 1. Handrail 2. Long segment 3. Pedal 4. Connecting rod 5. Support seat 6. Big wheel 7. Outer bracket 8. Link assembly 9. Fork 10. Fork wheel 11. Inner bracket 12 .Short section 13. Rotary drum 14. Lifting plate 15. Upright rod 16. Brake line 17. Brake handle.

Among Fig. 4, 18. sleeve 19. locking block 20. support frame 21. back-moving spring 22. small chain wheel group 23. chain 24. large chain wheel group.

25. small pulley block 26. steel wire rope 27. big pulley block among Fig. 5.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the improvement made by the present invention compared to the prior art, before describing the specific implementation of the present invention in detail, the structure of the prior art manual hydraulic forklift mentioned in the background art section will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings . Fig. 1 shows the specific structure of the manual hydraulic forklift in the prior art, including the machine handle 2, the support base 8, the hydraulic cylinder 9 arranged on the support base 8 and the vehicle frame 3 connected with the hydraulic cylinder 9, this manual hydraulic forklift The forklift uses the hydraulic cylinder 9 to realize the lifting and lowering of the goods, and is pulled by manpower to complete the handling operation. The knob 1 on the handle 2 can control the lifting, neutral and lowering of the cargo. In the neutral state, the cargo is balanced and locked for a long time in a certain lifting position to complete the handling. When lifting, the knob 1 is on the lifting gear, and the handle 2 is continuously pressed to make the hydraulic cylinder 9 drive the lifting plate 4 on the jack-up frame 3. Since the support base 8 is connected with the connecting rod assembly 7, the connecting rod assembly 7 It is connected with the fork wheel 6 at the fork 5, so the entire vehicle frame 3 is lifted, and the goods on the fork 5 are also lifted; Under dead weight effect, hydraulic cylinder 9 descends, and cargo and cargo fork 5 also drop to low position.

For the above-mentioned prior art manual hydraulic forklift, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is its key component. When lifting the fork, it is necessary to press the handle 2 times, and the hydraulic medium continuously enters the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 9 to push the piston upward to move the fork. Raised, but less efficiently and slower.

The embodiments of the present invention are improvements made to solve the problems of lifting speed and efficiency of hydraulic forklifts in the prior art. This specific embodiment will be described in detail below. For the convenience of description, the "upper end", "lower end", "upper" and "lower" referred to hereinafter are consistent with the upper end, lower end, upper and lower directions of the drawings themselves, but they do not limit the structure of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, forklift structure of the present invention comprises a kind of forklift, comprises handle, vehicle frame, and wherein handle is made up of handrail 1 and pole 15, and vehicle frame is made up of big wheel 6, fork wheel 10, goods The fork 9, the lifting plate 14 and the support seat 5 are composed, the lower end of the support seat 5 is connected with the big wheel 6, and the two sides of the support seat 5 are respectively connected with the connecting rod assembly 8, and the connecting rod assembly 8 extends to the lower side of the cargo fork 9 to connect with the fork wheel. 10 connection, the vertical rod 15 passes through the lifting plate 14 and is fixed on the support base 5, the vertical rod 15 on the lower side of the lifting plate 14 is equipped with a sleeve 18 that forms a moving pair with the vertical rod 15, and the forklift is also provided with a connecting rod A stepping device composed of a mechanism and a traction mechanism; the linkage mechanism is mainly composed of a pedal 3, a connecting rod 4, a curved rod, an inner bracket 11, and an outer bracket 7, and the inner bracket 11 and the outer bracket 7 are fixed on the support seat 5 in parallel , the curved rod is composed of a short segment 12 and a long segment 2, the short segment 12 and the long segment 2 are fixedly connected with the drum 13 and installed between the inner bracket 11 and the outer bracket 7, the connecting rod 4, the pedal The plate 3, the outer bracket 7, and the long section 2 of the curved rod are connected in sequence to form a parallelogram mechanism.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the traction mechanism includes a chain 23, a large sprocket set 24, and a small sprocket set 22. One end of the chain 23 is connected to the short section 12 of the curved rod, and the other end goes around the small chain. The wheel group 22 and the large chain wheel group 24 are fixed on the upper surface of the lifting plate 14. The rotating shafts of the small chain wheel group 22 are respectively installed between the inner bracket 11 and the outer bracket 7, and the rotating shafts of the large chain wheel group 24 are installed on the sleeve respectively. 18 and the handle pole 15.

As shown in Fig. 4, the forklift of the first embodiment of the present invention can be further improved, and a locking block 19 is arranged outside the sleeve 18, and the locking block 19 is closely attached to the outer surface of the sleeve 18, and locked The block 19 is installed on the support frame 20 through the pin shaft, and the support frame 20 is fixed on the support base 5, and the locking block 19 is provided with a return spring 21 and a slide chain (not shown in the figure). The large sprocket at the sleeve 18 is provided with a brake device, the main body of the brake disc of the brake device is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the large sprocket, the brake disc cover is fixedly connected with the rear end face of the large sprocket, and the brake handle is fixed on the On the armrest 1 of the handle.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, push the forklift handrail 1 to move it to the favorable position of the goods to be transported, and place the goods on the fork 10. Since the brake device is in a normally closed state, the operator needs to press the Squeeze the brake handle 17, the brake handle 17 controls the shrinkage of the brake pads in the brake disc through the brake wire 16, at this time the brake disc cover can rotate relative to the brake disc main body, that is, the large sprocket can rotate, and then step on the pedal 3 of the forklift linkage mechanism Apply downward force, while the short segment 12 of the curved rod rotates around its rotation point, one end of the chain 23 connected to the end of the short segment 12 is pulled, and the other end of the chain 23 bypasses the large chain at the sleeve 18. The wheel rotates along the tangential direction of the tension of the chain 23. The large sprocket and its rotating shaft are connected by bearings, and the rotating shaft remains stationary. The bearings are connected, and the shaft also remains stationary. Because one end of the chain 23 connected to the short segment 12 is continuously pulled, the sprocket shaft connected to the sleeve 18 goes up, and the sleeve 18 goes up along the vertical rod 15, and the top of the sleeve 18 lifts the lifting plate 14, and the lifting plate 14 is connected with the lifting plate. The length of the chain segment connected to the upper end surface of the plate 14 is shortened, and the cargo fork 10 and the cargo are lifted; The lower end surface of the sleeve 18 and the tight sleeve 18 prevent it from descending. Loosen the brake handle 17, the handrail 1 can be promoted, and the goods can be transported to the designated position.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the cargo needs to be unloaded after it arrives at the designated place, and the descending speed of the pallet fork 10 needs to be controlled in order to ensure that the cargo falls smoothly. Pull the zipper on the locking block 19 to separate the locking block 19 from the lower end surface of the sleeve 18. If the weight of the cargo is large enough, the resistance of the braking device to the large sprocket at the sleeve can be overcome, and the lifting plate 14 and the sleeve 18 will descend. , the large chain wheel group 24 rotates slowly in reverse, and the chain 23 rotates in reverse, the chain section connected with the lifting plate 14 is constantly extended, and the chain end connected with the short section 12 of the curved rod is reversely tightened to the curved rod. The lever mechanism also resets slowly. If the cargo is light, or if the weight of the cargo is large enough, there is a requirement for the falling speed, after opening the locking block 19, the degree of shrinkage of the brake pad can be controlled by pressing the brake handle 17, so as to control the impact of the braking device on the sleeve. The resistance of the large sprocket is placed, so that the speed of the reverse rotation of the chain 23 is controlled, and the appropriate speed for the descending of the fork 10 is obtained to ensure that the goods are smoothly descended.

As shown in Figure 5, the forklift structure in the second embodiment of the present invention, except that the traction mechanism is mainly composed of a steel wire rope 26, a large pulley block 27 and a small pulley block 25, one end of the steel wire rope 26 is connected with the short segment 12 of the curved rod, and the other end Bypass the small pulley block 25 and the large pulley block 27 and be fixed on the upper end surface of the lifting plate 14. The rotating shaft of the small pulley block 25 is installed between the inner support 11 and the outer support 7 respectively, and the rotating shaft of the large pulley block 27 is installed on the sleeve 18 and the handle stand respectively. Outside the rod 15, others are basically the same as the structure of the forklift in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Except for the change of the traction mechanism, the working process of the forklift in the second embodiment is basically the same as that in the first embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

The forklifts of the two embodiments of the present invention can be lifted quickly, reliably locked, and slowly lowered. The force exerted by the operator on the linkage mechanism is multiplied several times. The forklift of the invention cancels the hydraulic cylinder in the existing hydraulic forklift technology, and reduces the production cost of the forklift.

Finally, it should be noted that the forklifts mentioned in the above embodiments are not limited to the illustrations provided in this case. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a fork truck, comprise handle, vehicle frame, wherein said handle is made up of handrail and vertical rod, vehicle frame is made up of bull wheel, fork wheel, pallet fork, lifter plate and supporting seat, supporting seat lower end is connected with bull wheel, supporting seat both sides connect connecting rod assembly respectively, this connecting rod assembly extends to and is connected with pitching to take turns on the downside of pallet fork, it is characterized in that: described vertical rod is fixed on supporting seat through lifter plate, the sleeve forming moving sets with vertical rod is furnished with outside vertical rod on the downside of lifter plate, this fork truck is also provided with to step on and rises device, and this is stepped on and rises device and be made up of connecting rod mechanism and trailer coupling;

-described connecting rod mechanism forms primarily of pedal, side link, curved bar and inside and outside support, described inside and outside support is parallel to be fixed on described supporting seat, described curved bar is made up of short segmentation and long segmentation, this short segmentation and long segmentation are fixedly connected with rotating cylinder and are arranged between inside and outside support, and the long segmentation of side link, pedal, outer support, curved bar is in turn connected into parallel-crank mechanism;

-described trailer coupling comprises traction flexible cord, draws large wheels and draw little wheels, traction flexible cord one end and the short connection segment of described curved bar, the other end is walked around the little wheels of traction, is drawn large wheels and be fixed on described lifter plate upper surface, the rotating shaft of drawing little wheels is arranged between described inside and outside support respectively, and the rotating shaft of drawing large wheels is installed in described sleeve and handle vertical rod respectively.

2. a kind of fork truck according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with latch outside described sleeve, this latch is arranged on bearing support through bearing pin, and bearing support is fixed on described supporting seat, and described latch is provided with retracing spring and slide fastener.

3. a kind of fork truck according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in the traction bull wheel be installed on sleeve be provided with brake gear, the disc main body of stopping of this brake gear is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of described traction bull wheel, dish disk cover of stopping is fixedly connected with described traction bull wheel aft end face, the breathing of brake facing during brake lever connection brake cable controls to stop and coils, brake lever is fixed on described handle handrail.

4. a kind of fork truck according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the traction flexible cord of described trailer coupling is chain, draws large wheels, traction steamboat group is respectively hinge wheel group, chainlet wheels.

5. a kind of fork truck according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the traction flexible cord of described trailer coupling is steel rope, draws large wheels, traction steamboat group is respectively large pulley group, small sheave group.