CN104148963A - Bench vice with five degrees of freedom - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bench vice with five degrees of freedom. The bench vice comprises a bench vice body, a movable vice stand, a vice body lead screw and a rocking handle. The lower portion of the bench vice body is of a circular arc-shaped structure, the lower portion of the bench vice body is matched with a rotating disc with a circular arc-shaped clamping groove, the bottom of the rotating disc is matched with a rotating base in a rotating mode, and a pressing block and a fixing bolt used for fixing the bench vice body are arranged on the rotating disc. The rotating base is fixed on a vice stand base plate. An X-axis moving mechanism which is mainly composed of first guide rails, a first guide rail sliding block and a first lead screw and a Y-axis moving mechanism which is mainly composed of second guide rails, a second guide rail sliding block and a second lead screw are arranged below the vice stand base plate. The X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism are perpendicularly arranged, the vice stand base plate is in linkage fit with the first guide rail sliding block, and the X-axis moving mechanism is in linkage fit with the second guide rail sliding block. A lifting mechanism which is mainly composed of scissor jacks is arranged below the Y-axis moving mechanism. The bench vice with five degrees of freedom has the advantages of being simple in structure and high in machining efficiency.

Description

A five-degree-of-freedom bench vise

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a five-degree-of-freedom bench vise.

Background technique

For decades, driven by the development of CNC machine tools in the direction of high speed, high efficiency, precision, compound, intelligence and environmental protection, the corresponding fixture technology is developing in the direction of high precision, high efficiency, module, combination, general purpose and economy. Fixtures are one of the indispensable parts of mechanical processing; in mechanical processing, bench vise is a very common clamping tool. It uses two jaws as a positioning reference, and the principle of transmitting mechanical force by screw and nut for work. Bench vise is divided into machine use and manual use. The structure of the bench vise is simple, and the clamping is fast; the processing process saves time and effort, which not only improves work efficiency and processing accuracy but also improves product quality.

At present, there are many types of fixtures for machine tool processing on the market. Among the fixtures for small and medium-sized CNC machine tools, bench vises are widely used. The main function of the ordinary bench vise is to clamp the workpiece. During the processing, it can only complete the fixing function and only have one degree of freedom; when processing multiple surfaces of the workpiece, it is very inconvenient. After processing one surface, It is necessary to remove the workpiece from the bench vise, change the angle of the workpiece and then clamp it to the bench vise. In actual production, mold processing is not limited to single-sided workpiece processing, but for parts with complex shapes, it is completed through four-axis or five-axis CNC machining centers, and CNC machining centers have a large investment in equipment. Processing requirements are high. The machine tool equipment of the machining center is dangerous. For example, during the drilling process, the bench vise is often not fixed at the lower end of the bed. If the cutting force is large, the bench vise will rotate with the rotation of the part. Cause processing difficulties and even cause personal injury or death accidents.

The coordinate system of machine tool processing includes basic coordinate system and rotary coordinate system. The basic coordinate system refers to the coordinate axes of the linear feed motion, which are represented by X, Y, and Z respectively, and the relationship between the coordinate axes is determined by the right-hand rule. The rotary coordinate system refers to the circular feed coordinate axes that rotate around the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, which are represented by A, B, and C respectively. The relationship between the coordinate axes is determined by the right-handed spiral rule.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a five-degree-of-freedom bench vise with simple structure, high processing efficiency and wide application range in view of the current state of the prior art.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the problems of the technologies described above is:

A five-degree-of-freedom bench vise, including a bench vise composed of a bench vise body, a movable vise table, a vise body screw and a rocker, wherein the lower part of the bench vise body is in an arc-shaped structure, and the table vise The lower part of the vise body is matched with the rotating disk provided with arc-shaped slots, the bottom of the rotating disk is rotatably matched with the rotating base, and the rotating disk is provided with pressure blocks and fixing bolts for fixing the body of the bench vise; The base is fixed on the bottom plate of the clamp table, and the X-axis moving mechanism mainly composed of the first guide rail, the first guide rail slider and the first screw rod is arranged under the clamp table bottom plate, and the second guide rail, the second guide rail slider and the second guide rail slider are mainly arranged. The Y-axis moving mechanism composed of the second screw rod, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism are arranged vertically. The lower part of the moving mechanism is provided with a lifting mechanism mainly composed of scissor jacks; the five-degree-of-freedom bench vise can complete translation in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, lift in the Z-axis direction, rotate around the Z-axis, and rotate around the X-axis. , Adjustment of five degrees of freedom around the Y axis.

Optimized technical measures also include:

The above-mentioned X-axis moving mechanism also includes a pair of first bearing seats, the first bearing seats are fixed on the support plate, the first screw rod is placed on the first bearing seats, and is fixed on the first guide rail slider The first screw nut block is matched with the first guide rail slider, the first guide rail slider can be slidably placed on the first guide rail, the bottom plate of the clamp table is fixed on the upper bottom plate, and the upper bottom plate is fixedly matched with the first guide rail slider .

Both ends of the above-mentioned first guide rail are respectively provided with first limit baffles; the first screw rod is provided with a first hand wheel.

There are two first guide rails above, and the two first guide rails are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first bearing seat.

The above-mentioned Y-axis moving mechanism also includes a pair of second bearing housings, the second bearing housings are fixed on the middle bottom plate, the second screw rod is passed through the second bearing housings, and is fixed on the second guide rail slider The second screw nut block is matched, the second guide rail slider can be slidably placed on the second guide rail, and the second guide rail slider is fixedly matched with the support plate.

The two ends of the above-mentioned second guide rail are respectively provided with second limit baffles; the second screw rod is provided with a second hand wheel.

The above-mentioned second guide rails are two, and the two second guide rails are arranged in parallel on both sides of the second bearing seat.

The above-mentioned lifting mechanism is composed of two scissor jacks arranged side by side. The control screw rods of the two scissor jacks are linked through the transmission chain, and the control screw rod of one of the scissor jacks is provided with a control handwheel.

The upper part of the above-mentioned scissor jack is fixed on the jack top cover, and the jack bottom plate is fixed to the middle bottom plate; the lower part of the scissor jack is fixed on the jack bottom plate, and the jack bottom plate is fixed to the lower bottom plate.

The upper surface of the above-mentioned rotating disk is located on both sides of the arc-shaped slot to provide arc-shaped grooves, the lower surface of the pressing block is adapted to the arc-shaped groove, and one end of the pressing block is placed on the On the arc-shaped groove, the other end protrudes inward to match with the body of the bench vise.

The present invention is a five-degree-of-freedom bench vise, which comprises a bench vise composed of a bench vise body, a movable vise table, a vise body screw and a rocking handle. The lower part of the bench vise body is in an arc-shaped structure. The arc-shaped structure is matched with the rotating disk provided with the arc-shaped slot, and the bottom of the rotating disk is rotatably matched with the rotating base fixed on the bottom plate of the clamp table, so that the base can rotate (rotate around the Z axis), A pitch (rotating around the X-axis) and B pitching (rotating around the Y-axis), the X-axis moving mechanism mainly composed of the first guide rail, the first guide rail slider and the first screw rod is arranged under the bottom plate of the clamp table, and the second The Y-axis moving mechanism composed of the guide rail, the second guide rail slider and the second screw rod, the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism are vertically arranged, so as to realize the translation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and in the Y-axis moving mechanism A lifting mechanism mainly composed of scissor jacks is set at the bottom to realize the lifting in the Z-axis direction; this five-degree-of-freedom bench vise can realize five degrees of freedom in translation, lifting, base rotation, A pitch, and B pitch, and the jaw can be in the Any angle in the space greatly facilitates the processing, saves time and effort, and can effectively improve the processing efficiency.

In addition, the first limit baffles provided at both ends of the first guide rail and the second limit baffles provided at both ends of the second guide rail can effectively limit the axial displacement of the first guide rail slider and the second guide rail slider , so that it can move within the effective stroke to ensure the normal operation of the device.

The lifting mechanism is composed of two scissor jacks arranged side by side, with simple structure, stable lifting and convenient operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;

FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 2 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the present invention,

The reference signs therein are: bench vise clamp body 11, movable clamp table 12, clamp body screw rod 13, rocker handle 14, rotating disc 2, arc-shaped groove 2a, pressing block 21, fixing bolt 22, rotating base 3. Clamp base plate 31, X-axis moving mechanism 4, first guide rail 41, first guide rail slider 42, first screw rod 43, first hand wheel 43a, first bearing seat 44, first limit baffle 45 , support plate 46, Y-axis moving mechanism 5, second guide rail 51, second guide rail slider 52, second screw mandrel 53, second hand wheel 53a, second bearing seat 54, second limit baffle 55, lift Mechanism 6, control screw mandrel 61, control hand wheel 61a, transmission chain 62, jack top cover 63, jack bottom plate 64, upper bottom plate 71, middle bottom plate 72, lower bottom plate 73.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4,

A five-degree-of-freedom bench vise, comprising a bench vise composed of a bench vise body 11, a movable vise table 12, a vise body screw 13 and a rocker handle 14, wherein the lower part of the bench vise body 11 is round Arc-shaped structure, the lower part of the bench vise body 11 is matched with the rotating disk 2 provided with arc-shaped slots, the bottom of the rotating disk 2 is rotatably matched with the rotating base 3, and the rotating disk 2 is provided with a ring for fixing the bench vise. The pressing block 21 and the fixing bolt 22 of the clamp body 11; the rotating base 3 is fixed on the base plate 31 of the clamp table, and the lower part of the base plate 31 of the clamp table mainly consists of a first guide rail 41, a first guide rail slider 42 and a first screw mandrel 43 The X-axis moving mechanism 4 that constitutes and the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 mainly composed of the second guide rail 51, the second guide rail slider 52 and the second screw mandrel 53, the X-axis moving mechanism 4 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 are vertically arranged, and the pliers The base plate 31 is coordinated with the first guide rail slider 42, the X-axis moving mechanism 4 is coordinated with the second guide rail slider 52, and the lower part of the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 is provided with a lifting mechanism 6 mainly composed of a scissor jack; The five-degree-of-freedom bench vise can complete the adjustment of the five degrees of freedom of translation in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, lifting in the Z-axis direction, rotation around the Z-axis, rotation around the X-axis, and rotation around the Y-axis.

In the embodiment, the X-axis moving mechanism 4 also includes a pair of first bearing seats 44, the first bearing seats 44 are fixed on the support plate 46, the first threaded rod 43 is placed on the first bearing seats 44, and is fixed on the The first screw nut block on the first guide rail slider 42 cooperates, the first guide rail slider 42 can be slidably placed on the first guide rail 41 , the clamp base plate 31 is fixed on the upper base plate 71, The upper bottom plate 71 is fixedly matched with the first guide rail slider 42 .

In the embodiment, the two ends of the first guide rail 41 are respectively provided with first limit baffles 45 ; the first screw rod 43 is provided with a first hand wheel 43 a. The setting of the first limit baffle 45 can ensure that the first guide rail slider 42 is within the effective stroke of the first guide rail 41 , thereby ensuring the normal operation of the X-axis moving mechanism 4 .

In the embodiment, there are two first guide rails 41 , and the two first guide rails 41 are arranged on both sides of the first bearing seat 44 in parallel. In the embodiment, the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 further includes a pair of second bearing housings 54, the second bearing housings 54 are fixed on the mid-bottom plate 72, the second threaded rod 53 is placed on the second bearing housings 54, and is fixed on the The second screw nut block on the second guide rail slider 52 cooperates, and the second guide rail slider 52 can be slidably placed on the second guide rail 51, and the second guide rail slider 52 is connected to the support plate 46 fixed fit.

In the embodiment, the two ends of the second guide rail 51 are respectively provided with a second limit baffle 55 ; the second screw rod 53 is provided with a second hand wheel 53 a. The setting of the second limit baffle 55 can ensure that the slider 52 of the second guide rail is within the effective stroke of the second guide rail 51 , thereby ensuring the normal operation of the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 .

In the embodiment, there are two second guide rails 51 , and the two second guide rails 51 are arranged in parallel on both sides of the second bearing seat 54 .

Both the X-axis moving mechanism 4 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 adopt two parallel guide rails, which have strong force bearing capacity and stable and reliable structure.

In the embodiment, the lifting mechanism 6 is composed of two scissor jacks arranged side by side. The control screw rods 61 of the two scissor jacks are linked through the transmission chain 62, and the control screw rod 61 of one of the scissor jacks is provided with a control Hand wheel 61a. The lifting mechanism 6 is simple in structure and easy to use, and two scissor jacks are linked together to make the lifting stable and reliable.

In the embodiment, the upper part of the scissor jack is fixed on the jack top cover 63, the jack bottom plate 63 is fixed to the middle bottom plate 72; the lower part of the scissor jack is fixed on the jack bottom plate 64, and the jack bottom plate 64 is fixed to the lower bottom plate 73.

The scissor jack achieves the purpose of lifting by changing the opening angle of the jack ribs that form a rhombus structure.

In the embodiment, the upper surface of the rotating disk 2 is located on both sides of the arc-shaped groove to set the arc-shaped groove 2a, and the lower surface of the pressing block 21 is adapted to the arc-shaped groove 2a, and the pressing block One end of 21 is placed on the arc-shaped groove 2a, and the other end protrudes inward to match with the vise body 11 of the bench vise.

working principle:

This five-degree-of-freedom bench vise can be divided into three parts: the upper part, the middle part, and the lower part. the lower part.

Upper part: loosen the fixing bolt 22 on the pressing block 21, the arc-shaped structure of the lower part of the vise body 11 is matched with the arc-shaped slot on the rotating disk 2, so that the arc-shaped structure can fit in the arc-shaped slot Slip inside to change the pitch angle of bench vise clamp body 11. Simultaneously, since the fixing bolt 22 is loosened, the rotating disc 2 and the bench vise mounted on the rotating disc 2 can rotate on the rotating base 3 to realize the purpose of the bench vise rotating around the Z axis. Since the plane formed by the Z axis, the X axis, and the Y axis is perpendicular to each other, A pitch (rotating around the X axis) and B pitch (rotating around the X axis) can be realized through the rotation of the rotating disk 2 and the sliding of the vise body 11 in the arc-shaped slot. Y-axis rotation).

Middle part: by operating the first handwheel 43a of the X-axis moving mechanism 4, the entire upper structure connected to the first guide rail slider 42 moves in the direction of the X-axis; by operating the second handwheel 53a of the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 , so that the entire upper structure moves in the Y-axis direction together with the X-axis moving mechanism 4; the X-axis moving mechanism 4 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 are vertically arranged, and through the cooperation of the X-axis moving mechanism 4 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 5, the entire upper structure is realized. The structure moves in the plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis.

Lower part: the control screw 61 is operated by the control hand wheel 61a on the lifting mechanism 6, and the two scissor jacks are linked through the transmission chain 62, so that the two scissor jacks rise or fall at the same time to drive the entire upper structure and the middle The structure rises or falls together, so as to realize the lifting in the Z-axis direction.

This five-degree-of-freedom bench vise has five functions: translation (X-axis, Y-axis), lifting (Z-axis), base rotation (rotating around the Z-axis), A pitching (rotating around the X-axis), and B pitching (rotating around the Y-axis). One degree of freedom, so that the jaws of the vise can be located at any angle in space, which is convenient to use; it is suitable for single-piece development and manufacturing, small and medium-sized batch production, especially for the assembly of instruments, meters, electrical and electronic devices, etc., and complex workpieces. processing and repair. The adjustment of the space angle of the jaws greatly facilitates production and processing, saves time and effort, reduces production costs, improves work efficiency, reduces labor intensity of operators, and increases corporate income.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been illustrated, and various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a five degree of freedom bench vice, comprise by bench vice vice body (11), adjustable clamp platform (12), the bench vice of vice body screw mandrel (13) and rocking handle (14) composition, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described bench vice vice body (11) is arc-shaped structure, match with the rolling disc (2) that is provided with circular arc draw-in groove in the bottom of bench vice vice body (11), bottom and the rotating base (3) of described rolling disc (2) are rotatably assorted, on described rolling disc (2), be provided with briquetting (21) and set bolt (22) for fixed station vice vice body (11), described rotating base (3) is fixed on pincers platform base plates (31), the below of this pincers platform base plate (31) arranges mainly by the first guide rail (41), the X-axis travel mechanism (4) that the first guide rail slide block (42) and the first screw mandrel (43) form and mainly by the second guide rail (51), the y-axis shift actuation mechanism (5) that the second guide rail slide block (52) and the second screw mandrel (53) form, the setting vertical with y-axis shift actuation mechanism (5) of described X-axis travel mechanism (4), described pincers platform base plate (31) is linked with the first guide rail slide block (42), described X-axis travel mechanism (4) is linked with the second guide rail slide block (52), the below of described y-axis shift actuation mechanism (5) arranges the elevating mechanism (6) being mainly made up of scissor-like jack, described five degree of freedom bench vice can complete the lifting of translation, the Z-direction of X-axis, Y direction, rotate, rotates, rotates around Y-axis around X-axis the adjustment of five frees degree around Z axis.

2. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described X-axis travel mechanism (4) also comprises a pair of clutch shaft bearing seat (44), described clutch shaft bearing seat (44) is fixed in gripper shoe (46), described the first screw mandrel (43) is placed through on clutch shaft bearing seat (44), and coordinate with the first feed screw nut's piece being fixed on described the first guide rail slide block (42), described the first guide rail slide block (42) can be placed on described the first guide rail (41) slidably, described pincers platform base plate (31) is fixed on upper plate (71), this upper plate (71) and described the first guide rail slide block (42) secure fit.

3. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the two ends of described the first guide rail (41) are respectively arranged with the first postive stop baffle (45); On described the first screw mandrel (43), be provided with the first handwheel (43a).

4. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described the first guide rail (41) is two, and two the first guide rails (41) are set in parallel in the both sides of described clutch shaft bearing seat (44).

5. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described y-axis shift actuation mechanism (5) also comprises a pair of the second bearing block (54), described the second bearing block (54) is fixed on middle base plate (72), described the second screw mandrel (53) is placed through on the second bearing block (54), and coordinate with the second feed screw nut's piece being fixed on described the second guide rail slide block (52), described the second guide rail slide block (52) can be placed on described the second guide rail (51) slidably, described the second guide rail slide block (52) and described gripper shoe (46) secure fit.

6. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the two ends of described the second guide rail (51) are respectively arranged with the second postive stop baffle (55); On described the second screw mandrel (53), be provided with the second handwheel (53a).

7. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described the second guide rail (51) is two, and two the second guide rails (51) are set in parallel in the both sides of described the second bearing block (54).

8. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described elevating mechanism (6) is made up of two scissor-like jacks that are set up in parallel, the control screw mandrel (61) of two scissor-like jacks is connected by driving-chain (62), wherein on the control screw mandrel (61) of a scissor-like jack, is provided with and controls handwheel (61a).

9. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 8, is characterized in that: it is upper that jack top cover (63) is fixed on the top of described scissor-like jack, and jack bottom plate (63) fixes with middle base plate (72); It is upper that jack bottom plate (64) is fixed in the bottom of described scissor-like jack, and jack bottom plate (64) fixes with lower shoe (73).

10. a kind of five degree of freedom bench vice according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: the both sides that the upper surface of described rolling disc (2) is positioned at circular arc draw-in groove arrange circular groove (2a), lower surface and the described circular groove (2a) of described briquetting (21) are suitable, it is upper that one end of described briquetting (21) is placed in circular groove (2a), and its other end stretches out with described bench vice vice body (11) in mutually and matches.