CN103620128A - Split gusset connection - Google Patents
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- CN103620128A CN103620128A CN201280008650.XA CN201280008650A CN103620128A CN 103620128 A CN103620128 A CN 103620128A CN 201280008650 A CN201280008650 A CN 201280008650A CN 103620128 A CN103620128 A CN 103620128A
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
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Abstract
Description
本申请要求2011年2月14日提交的美国临时申请61/442,738号的优先权,其内容通过引用被结合在此。This application claims priority to US Provisional Application No. 61/442,738, filed February 14, 2011, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
背景background
本发明总地涉及一种结构节点,更具体地涉及一种节点板连接,其允许连接的结构构件之间有更大的相对运动,并且简化了现场的建造。The present invention relates generally to structural joints, and more particularly to a gusset plate connection that allows greater relative movement between connected structural members and simplifies construction on site.
图1A示出了现有技术中在框架支撑结构中的典型的节点板连接。水平结构构件Bm(梁)连接至垂直结构构件C(柱)。为将对角结构构件Br(即支撑)连接至梁柱组件,使用了节点板G。支撑(通过例如销、螺栓)连接至节点板,然后节点板通常通过焊接方式连接至梁和柱。长度Lcc是柱C在节点板G的两端部之间的净长度,而长度Lbc是梁Bm在节点板G的两端部之间的净长度。Figure 1A shows a typical gusset plate connection in a frame support structure in the prior art. Horizontal structural members Bm (beams) are connected to vertical structural members C (columns). To connect the diagonal structural member Br (ie brace) to the beam-column assembly, gusset plate G is used. The braces are connected (by eg pins, bolts) to the gusset plates, which are then usually welded to the beams and columns. The length Lcc is the clear length of the column C between the two ends of the gusset plate G, and the length Lbc is the clear length of the beam Bm between the two ends of the gusset plate G.
现有技术中的节点板可被焊在梁和柱上,其改进的是产生了固定性,使梁Bm和柱C之间不可能有相对运动。在实践中,这导致在梁和柱的局部产生大的内力。图1B示出了在梁Bm和柱C中的各自的弯矩Mb/Mc,以及在梁Bm和柱C中的各自的剪切力Vb/Vc,这是在使用了螺栓连接/焊接的节点板G的结构的结果。还示出了支撑Br的弯矩Mbr和剪切力Vbr。图1B示出了在梁Bm和柱C之间的螺栓连接的构造,如图1C所示,同样的受力发生在焊接连接的(以及焊接和螺栓共同连接的)构造中。The gusset plates of the prior art can be welded to the beams and columns, the improvement of which produces a fixation so that relative movement between the beam Bm and the column C is impossible. In practice, this results in large internal forces locally in the beams and columns. Figure 1B shows the respective bending moments M b /M c in beam Bm and column C, and the respective shear forces V b /V c in beam Bm and column C, which are obtained using bolted connections / Welded results of the structure of the gusset plate G. The bending moment M br and shear force V br supporting Br are also shown. Figure 1B shows the configuration of the bolted connection between the beam Bm and the column C, and as shown in Figure 1C, the same stresses occur in the welded (and welded and bolted joint) configuration.
剪切力Vb与弯矩Mb和梁的净长度LbC成正比(即Vb∝Mb/bc)。同样地,剪切力Vc与弯矩Mc和柱的净长度Lcc成正比(即,Vc∝Mc/Lcc)。增加节点板的宽度和高度来加强节点直接缩短了梁的净长度LbC和柱的净长度Lcc,这又在通过外力(例如,风、地震等)施加于结构上同样的弯矩Mb和Mc时使得剪切力Vb和Vc变得更大。在极端情形中,如果现有技术的连接部件没有据此设计,这些大的内力可折断梁、梁柱螺栓/焊接结构、柱和/或节点板焊缝。然而,如果全部现有技术的连接部件都被设计成能承受大的内力,那么结构的重量、材料要求和成本会明显地增加。The shear force V b is proportional to the bending moment M b and the net length L bC of the beam (ie V b ∝ M b / bc ). Likewise, the shear force V c is proportional to the bending moment M c and the net length L cc of the column (ie, V c ∝ M c /L cc ). Strengthening the joint by increasing the width and height of the gusset plate directly shortens the net length of the beam L bC and the net length of the column L cc , which in turn acts upon the same bending moment M b imposed on the structure by external forces (eg, wind, earthquake, etc.) And M c makes the shear force V b and V c become larger. In extreme cases, these large internal forces can break beams, beam-column bolted/welded structures, columns and/or gusset plate welds if prior art connecting components are not designed accordingly. However, if all prior art connecting parts are designed to withstand large internal forces, the weight, material requirements and costs of the structure will increase significantly.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的一实施例提供了一种结构节点。垂直柱可具有第一节点板部分。水平梁可被连接到该垂直柱。该水平梁可具有第二节点板部分,第二节点板部分没有直接连接到第一节点板部分。斜撑可活动地连接到第一节点板部分和第二节点板部分。An embodiment of the present invention provides a structural node. The vertical column may have a first gusset plate portion. A horizontal beam can be connected to the vertical column. The horizontal beam may have a second gusset plate portion that is not directly connected to the first gusset plate portion. A brace is movably connected to the first gusset portion and the second gusset portion.
在一些方面,第一节点板部分可在节点位置被固定地连接到该垂直柱。水平梁可在该节点位置被固定地连接到该垂直柱。水平梁可具有固定地连接到水平梁的第二节点板部分。第二节点板部分可在节点位置与第一节点板部分间隔开。斜撑可在节点位置被活动地连接到第一一节点板部分和第二节点板部分。斜撑可通过第一活动连接被活动地连接到第一节点板部分。斜撑可通过第二活动连接被活动地连接到第二节点板部分。第一和第二活动连接可彼此分开。In some aspects, the first gusset plate portion can be fixedly connected to the vertical column at a node location. A horizontal beam may be fixedly connected to the vertical column at the node location. The horizontal beam may have a second gusset plate portion fixedly connected to the horizontal beam. The second gusset plate portion may be spaced apart from the first gusset plate portion at a node location. The braces are movably connected to the first and second gusset plate sections at node locations. The brace may be articulated to the first gusset portion by a first articulating connection. The brace may be articulated to the second gusset portion by a second articulation. The first and second articulations are separable from each other.
在一些方面,第一节点板部分和第二节点板部分可分别为由一间隙隔开的第一和第二节点板。In some aspects, the first gusset portion and the second gusset portion may be first and second gusset plates, respectively, separated by a gap.
在一些方面,斜撑可通过多个螺栓被活动地连接到至少一个节点板上。In some aspects, the brace can be movably connected to at least one gusset plate by a plurality of bolts.
在一些方面,多个螺栓可穿过至少一个节点板和/或支撑的水平的、垂直的或者有角度的定向的长槽。In some aspects, a plurality of bolts may pass through horizontally, vertically or angularly oriented slots of at least one gusset plate and/or brace.
在一些方面,斜撑还可通过间隙内的销转动地连接。In some aspects, the braces may also be rotationally connected by pins within the gap.
在一些方面,第一节点板部分和第二节点板部分可为短板。短板可活动地连接到可固定至斜撑的节点板。In some aspects, the first gusset section and the second gusset section may be short panels. The short plates are movably connected to gusset plates which may be secured to the braces.
在一些方面,短板可通过多个螺栓被活动地连接到节点板上。In some aspects, the short plate can be movably connected to the gusset plate by a plurality of bolts.
在一些方面,多个螺栓可穿过短板和/或节点板和/或支撑的水平定向的、垂直定向的、有角度定向的、或者弯曲的槽。In some aspects, a plurality of bolts may pass through horizontally oriented, vertically oriented, angularly oriented, or curved slots of the short plate and/or gusset plate and/or brace.
本发明的一实施例提供了一种包括有柱的结构节点。可在固定连接处将梁固定地连接到柱上。支撑可通过节点板组件被活动地连接到梁和柱。梁可被固定地连接到节点板组件的第一部分,而柱可被固定地连接到节点板组件的第二部分。提供了一种用于活动地将支撑连接至节点板组件的装置,使得施加于梁的潜在地破坏力通过固定连接、而不是通过节点板组件的第一部分被传递至柱,并使得施加于柱的潜在地破坏力通过固定连接、而不是通过节点板组件的第二部分被传递至梁。An embodiment of the invention provides a structural node including columns. A beam can be fixedly connected to a column at a fixed connection. Braces can be flexibly connected to beams and columns through gusset plate assemblies. The beam may be fixedly connected to the first portion of the gusset plate assembly and the column may be fixedly connected to the second portion of the gusset plate assembly. A means for movably connecting a brace to a gusset plate assembly is provided such that potentially damaging forces applied to the beam are transferred to the column through the fixed connection rather than through the first portion of the gusset plate assembly, and such that forces applied to the column Potentially damaging forces are transferred to the beam through the fixed connection rather than through the second part of the gusset plate assembly.
本发明的一实施例提供了一种安装结构节点的方法。在该方法中,梁被固定地连接到柱,以形成节点。节点板被安装在用于附连支撑的节点处,或者梁和柱可在形成节点处包括预制的节点板部分。支撑可被活动地连接到节点板,使得施加于梁的、移动梁的力不通过来自节点板的力传递而移动柱,并使得施加于柱的力通过不来自节点板的力传递而会移动梁。An embodiment of the invention provides a method of installing a structural node. In this method, beams are fixedly connected to columns to form nodes. Gusset plates are installed at the nodes for the attached supports, or the beams and columns may comprise prefabricated gusset plate sections at the forming nodes. Braces can be movably connected to the gusset plate so that forces applied to the beam that move the beam move the column without force transfer from the gusset plate, and such that forces applied to the column move without force transfer from the gusset plate beam.
本发明的这些具体实施例及其他具体实施例进一步结合以下附图来详细地描述。These specific embodiments and other specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail in conjunction with the following drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1A-1C是现有技术的框架支撑结构的各个侧视图。1A-1C are various side views of a prior art frame support structure.
图2A-2E是根据本发明的实施例、框架支撑节点的各个侧视图或端视图。2A-2E are various side or end views of a frame support node according to an embodiment of the invention.
图3A和3B是根据本发明的实施例、相对于梁成锐角的框架支撑节点的侧视图。3A and 3B are side views of frame support nodes at an acute angle with respect to a beam, according to an embodiment of the invention.
图4A和4B是根据本发明的实施例、相对于柱成锐角的框架支撑节点的侧视图。4A and 4B are side views of frame support nodes at an acute angle with respect to a column, according to an embodiment of the invention.
图5是根据本发明的一实施例、销接的节点板组件的侧视图。Figure 5 is a side view of a pinned gusset plate assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
图6A-6H是根据本发明的实施例、框架支撑节点的各个侧视图或端视图。6A-6H are various side or end views of a frame support node, according to an embodiment of the invention.
图7A-7D是根据本发明的实施例、框架支撑节点的各个侧视图或端视图。7A-7D are various side or end views of a frame support node, according to an embodiment of the invention.
图8A-8D是根据本发明的实施例、销接的框架支撑节点的各个侧视图或端视图。8A-8D are various side or end views of a pinned frame support node in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
图9A-9D是根据本发明的实施例、框架支撑节点的各个侧视图或端视图。9A-9D are various side or end views of a frame support node, according to an embodiment of the invention.
图10是根据本发明的一实施例、梁和支撑的节点板组件的侧视图。Figure 10 is a side view of a beam and braced gusset plate assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
图11是根据本发明的一实施例、柱和地面的节点板组件的侧视图。Figure 11 is a side view of a column and ground gusset plate assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图12是使用根据图2A-11公开的任何节点板组件建造的桁架的侧视图。Figure 12 is a side view of a truss constructed using any of the gusset plate assemblies disclosed in accordance with Figures 2A-11.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的具体实施例包括对其所连接的如梁和柱的所有部件增加最小应力的角撑板。在这种情况下,通过增加我们的节点板,梁、柱和支撑经受最少的其应力增加。从而,现有技术的节点板的优点(使支撑梁能够联接至柱和梁节点)得到保持,而现有技术的节点板的有害力(由于大的地震类似力)传递属性大部分被消除。因此,对于具有梁/柱/支撑节点的结构,当被施加了外力(例如,地震力)时,本发明的节点板不会将梁的运动传递至柱、柱的运动传递至梁、以及支撑的运动传递至梁和/或柱,而标准的节点板连接则会。因而,如果没有本发明的节点板,在柱、梁和支撑之间会发生力的传递,而是会类似连接全部三个构件的工作点的真实的动态载荷。在一些具体实施例中,与现有技术的节点板相比,本发明的节点板本身还可具有更小的应力。全部这些优点通过使用本发明的节点板连接允许在连接的构件之间有更大的相对运动而实现。Particular embodiments of the invention include gussets that add minimal stress to all components to which they are attached, such as beams and columns. In this case, beams, columns and braces experience a minimal increase in their stresses by adding our gusset plates. Thus, the advantages of prior art gusset plates (enabling support beams to be coupled to column and beam joints) are maintained, while the detrimental force (due to large earthquake-like forces) transfer properties of prior art gusset plates are largely eliminated. Therefore, for structures with beam/column/bracing joints, when an external force (e.g., seismic force) is applied, the gusset plate of the present invention will not transfer the motion of the beam to the column, the motion of the column to the beam, and the brace The motion of the gusset plate is transferred to the beam and/or column, whereas a standard gusset plate connection would. Thus, without the gusset plate of the present invention, the transfer of forces between the columns, beams and braces would occur, but would resemble a true dynamic load at the work point connecting all three members. In some embodiments, the gusset plate of the present invention may also itself have less stress than prior art gusset plates. All of these advantages are achieved by allowing greater relative movement between the connected members using the gusset plate connection of the present invention.
本发明的具体实施例提供了用于连接钢框架建筑中的柱、梁和斜杆支撑构件的节点板。节点板允许柱和梁保持并支撑用于成三角形载荷的斜杆支撑,如标准的现有技术的节点板通常期待的那样。此外,节点板还允许柱、梁和斜杆支撑受极端的动力载荷作用时相互之间独立地移动,这样的动力载荷可能是强风或地震的结果,并还可能导致现有技术的节点被破坏。Particular embodiments of the present invention provide gusset plates for connecting column, beam and diagonal support members in steel frame buildings. The gusset plate allows the columns and beams to hold and support the diagonal struts for triangular loads, as is normally expected with standard prior art gusset plates. In addition, gusset plates allow column, beam and diagonal braces to move independently of each other when subjected to extreme dynamic loads, which may be the result of strong winds or earthquakes, and may also cause prior art joints to fail .
因此,相对于现有技术的节点板,本发明的节点板不会将梁的(显著的)运动传递至柱,反之亦然,因而节点板不会放大和/或传递动力载荷。例如,作用在柱上的摇摆矩会期望它移动,并且在某种程度上,移至与其连接的梁上,然而本发明的节点板不会传递摇摆矩到梁上,因而不会放大由现有技术的节点板引起的运动的效应。本发明的节点板可包括活动地或固定地连接到柱上的第一节点板部分和活动地或固定地连接到梁上的第二节点板部分。这些节点板部分不是彼此直接连接,而是活动地、固定地和/或转动地连接到斜杆支撑上。Thus, in contrast to prior art gusset plates, the gusset plate of the present invention does not transmit (significant) movement of the beam to the column and vice versa, and thus the gusset plate does not amplify and/or transmit dynamic loads. For example, a sway moment acting on a column would expect it to move, and to some extent, to a beam connected to it, whereas the gusset plate of the present invention does not transfer sway moments to the beam and thus does not amplify the The effect of the movement induced by the technical gusset plate. The gusset plate of the present invention may comprise a first gusset plate portion movably or fixedly connected to the column and a second gusset plate portion movably or fixedly connected to the beam. These gusset plate sections are not directly connected to each other, but are movably, fixedly and/or rotatably connected to the diagonal struts.
作为此处使用的,“活动地连接”或“活动的”或“移动连接”被理解为指的是在两个或多个结构构件之间的连接,其允许在极端的动力载荷下,在构件之间有水平和/或垂直的相对运动。这样的连接通常不允许在静载荷或一般的动力载荷(例如,来自轻度/中等的风力所施加的那样)下运动。相对于现有技术的螺栓的节点板,“活动地连接”应该被理解为允许运动适当地超过钻孔公差。一个活动的连接的实施例是在长槽内有固定的螺栓,它被固定成在静载荷或一般的动力载荷下不移动,但是在极端的动力载荷下可在长槽内移动。因此,此处描述的长槽螺栓连接应该被理解为活动的连接。还应该理解的是,在公开了长槽的连接的情况下,只需要一个连接的部分(例如,节点板、支撑)包括长槽,以提供活动的连接。然而,一些实施例中,至少一个或全部连接部分包括提供活动的连接的长槽。As used herein, "movably connected" or "movable" or "mobile connection" is understood to mean a connection between two or more structural There is horizontal and/or vertical relative movement between components. Such connections generally do not allow movement under static loads or generally dynamic loads (eg as imposed from light/moderate wind forces). With respect to the prior art bolted gussets, "movably connected" should be understood as allowing movement well beyond borehole tolerances. An example of a movable connection is a fixed bolt in the slot, which is fixed so as not to move under static or normal dynamic loads, but movable in the slot under extreme dynamic loads. Therefore, the slotted bolt connection described here should be understood as a movable connection. It should also be understood that where a slotted connection is disclosed, only one of the connected parts (eg, gusset, brace) needs to include the slot to provide a movable connection. However, in some embodiments, at least one or all of the connecting portions include elongated slots that provide a movable connection.
此处使用的“固定地连接的”或“固定连接”或“非活动地连接的”被理解为指的是在两个或更多结构构件之间的连接不是构造成提供相对运动(超越了现有技术的螺栓节点板所提供的)。一一个固定连接的实施例是焊接连结或螺栓连接,以及有些情况下的焊缝和螺栓连接。在某种程度上,螺栓孔公差可允许有限的运动,然而在高载荷下这可能发生或不发生,并且当然会被限制,因而最终类似焊接连接。因此,此处描述的焊接连结和螺栓连接(不带有长槽)应该被假设为固定连接。As used herein, "fixedly connected" or "fixedly connected" or "non-movably connected" is understood to mean that a connection between two or more structural members is not configured to provide relative movement (beyond provided by prior art bolted gussets). An example of a fixed connection is a welded joint or a bolted connection, and in some cases welded seams and bolted connections. To some extent, the bolt hole tolerance may allow limited movement, however under high loads this may or may not occur and will of course be limited, thus ultimately resembling a welded connection. Therefore, welded joints and bolted joints (without slots) described here should be assumed to be fixed joints.
此处使用的“转动连接的”或“可转动的连接”或“转动连接”被理解为指的是在两个或更多个结构构件之间的连接,其允许在各构件之间有转动相对运动。可转动的连接的实施例是销连接。因此,此处描述的销连接应该被假设为转动连接。然而,具有位于间隙内的销的节点板组件会允许转动的、水平的和/或垂直的相对运动。As used herein, "rotationally connected" or "rotatable connection" or "rotational connection" is understood to mean a connection between two or more structural members which permits rotation between the members relative movement. An example of a rotatable connection is a pin connection. Therefore, the pin connection described here should be assumed to be a rotational connection. However, a gusset plate assembly with pins located within the gap would allow rotational, horizontal and/or vertical relative movement.
此处使用的“力”或“地震类似力”或“潜在的破坏力”被理解为从外部施加于建筑结构上的动态力,其远超过通过常规的风和移动的内在的建筑物荷载施加的动力载荷。这样的力可由地震、飓风、海啸等等施加而来。"Force" or "earthquake-like force" or "potentially destructive force" as used herein is understood to be a dynamic force exerted on a building structure from the outside which far exceeds that exerted by intrinsic building loads through conventional wind and movement dynamic load. Such forces may be exerted by earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, and the like.
根据本发明的一个具体实施例,图2A示出了通过节点板组件200连接的梁-柱-支撑。节点板组件200包括由间隙分隔的两个节点板200a/200b。间隙会足够的宽,以提供两个节点板200a/200b的充分的自由运动,而没有碰撞。在一些具体实施例中,间隙的宽度范围从12mm-300mm,或更常见的,在25mm-100mm之间。节点板200b通过例如对其焊接被固定地连接到梁Bm,并且类似地,节点板200a被焊接到柱C。斜撑Br利用多个螺栓202被螺栓连接到两个节点板上。一般地,柱C、梁Bm和支撑Br为预制的结构构件,例如I形梁或管。应理解,术语“螺栓”意味着包括各种紧固件,例如螺栓/螺母组合、螺钉、铆钉等等。节点板200a/200b可用如钢板或复合材料之类的高强度材料来制造。节点板200a/200b的厚度及其他尺寸可按照待建造的具体结构的要求,用和现有技术的节点板一样的方法得到。Figure 2A illustrates beam-column-braces connected by
多个螺栓202被活动地连接在节点板200a/200b和斜撑Br的长槽螺栓孔204内。安装时,长槽螺栓孔204垂直于所示的间隙G的中心线,并因而总体上关于结构有角度地定向。在一些具体实施例中,可能使用曲形槽。间隙和长槽204允许节点板200a/200b相对于彼此移动。因此,梁Bm和柱C能够有效地相对于彼此运动(因为它们被固定地连接到节点板200a/200b上),好像节点板不存在一样,并因而围绕梁Bm和柱C的中心线相交处的工作点WP1转动。替代的工作点WP2位于间隙G的中心线与梁Bm和柱C节点实际上相交处。这一配置防止施加于柱C和梁Bm的相应动态载荷经由节点板202a/202b彼此传递。A plurality of
在一些实施例中,螺栓使用大垫圈通过代替长槽的过大孔被固定到节点板的表面。聚合物、橡胶或柔软的金属O形环可位于该过大孔内,来帮助对中螺栓和/或吸收冲击、振动和力。长槽204内的螺栓可被拧紧到按照现有技术连接达到的程度,而且有些情况下较小些或较大些。可以预期,地震类似力会大到使得螺栓紧密度成为非关键因素。当潜在地破坏力被施加于节点板组件200时,它不会表现出如图1A描述的方式,图1A中弯矩引起的剪切力由于节点板的存在而被放大了。In some embodiments, the bolts are secured to the face of the gusset plate using large washers through oversized holes instead of long slots. A polymer, rubber or soft metal O-ring may be located within the oversized hole to help center the bolt and/or absorb shock, vibration and force. The bolts in the
在一些实施例中,只有斜撑Br或节点板200a/200b包括有长槽,而其它的包括用于螺栓直接固定到其上的螺纹孔。In some embodiments, only the braces Br or
本发明的一个优点是能够在车间里(即,非建筑工地)将节点板202a/202b焊接到梁Bm和柱C上,并且使用螺栓202在现场简单地安装各部件(即,在建筑工地现场安装螺栓)。图1中的现有技术的配置要求在建筑工地焊接,与车间焊接相比,这是更不可靠且更不精确的、更不易控制、更昂贵,并且更耗时。在理想状况中,结构构件尽可能被预制,并且在建筑工地上几乎没有通过焊接进行的结构连接。由于这些原因及其他原因,在建筑业中更强烈地偏爱车间焊接然后现场安装螺栓。One advantage of the present invention is that it is possible to weld the gusset plate 202a/202b to the beam Bm and column C in a workshop (i.e. not at the building site) and to simply install the components on site using the bolts 202 (i.e. at the site at the building site). mounting bolts). The prior art arrangement in Figure 1 requires welding at the construction site, which is less reliable and less precise, less controllable, more expensive, and more time consuming than shop welding. Ideally, the structural elements are as prefabricated as possible and there are almost no structural connections by welding on the building site. For these reasons and others, there is a stronger preference for shop welding followed by field installation of bolts in the construction industry.
图2B示出了与图2A相同的配置,在节点板200b上的一组长槽螺栓孔204垂直于梁Bm的中心线,并且因而总体上关于结构垂直地定向。在节点板200a上的另一组长槽孔204垂直于柱C的中心线,并且因而总体上关于结构水平地定向。Figure 2B shows the same configuration as Figure 2A, with a set of slotted
这么配置仍然允许图2A提供的梁Bm和柱C的相对运动,而且可用来隔离从支撑Br传递至梁Bm和柱C的力。因为在节点板202b上的螺栓孔200是垂直的,所以在板上的螺栓承力的情况下,垂直运动是允许的(没有力的传递),并且力只能被水平地传递。在节点板202a上存在相似情况,其中在板上的螺栓承力的情况下,横向移动是允许的(没有力的传递),并且力只能被垂直地传递。因而,在梁Bm处的固定连接(例如,焊缝)只接收水平力(平行于焊缝),而在柱C处的固定连接(例如,焊缝)只接收垂直力(平行于固定连接)。This configuration still allows the relative motion of beam Bm and column C provided in Figure 2A, and can be used to isolate the forces transmitted from support Br to beam Bm and column C. Because the bolt holes 200 in the gusset plate 202b are vertical, vertical movement is allowed (no force transmission) with the bolts on the plate under load, and forces can only be transmitted horizontally. A similar situation exists on the gusset plate 202a, where lateral movement is allowed (no force transmission) with the bolts on the plate under load, and forces can only be transmitted vertically. Thus, the fixed connection (e.g., weld) at beam Bm receives only horizontal force (parallel to the weld), while the fixed connection (e.g., weld) at column C receives only vertical force (parallel to the fixed connection) .
图2C和2D示出了节点板组件200的端视图。如图所示,支撑Br可被活动地连接到节点板202a/202b的仅仅一侧,如图2C所描绘的。或者,如图2D所描绘的那样,支撑Br可被活动地连接到节点板202a/202b的两侧。2C and 2D show end views of the
图2E示出了一实施例,其中只有一块节点板包括有长槽204,而另一块节点板被固定地连接(例如,螺栓连接和/或焊接)。Figure 2E shows an embodiment in which only one gusset plate includes
图3A和3B示出了如图2A和2B分别示出的节点板组件200的可替换的节点板组件300。此处,那些组件之间的主要区别是支撑Br被设置成锐角,因而节点板302a/302b不是关于分隔中心线CL对称。如图所示,节点板302a/302b构造成分隔中心线CL相交于工作点WP1。因此,节点板302a比节点板302b更大。可替换地,分隔中心线CL可以平行移动的方式,与如图2A所示的WP2相交。这一替代实施例能在节点板302a/302b之间产生比所示的更接近中央的间隙。在全部其它方面,节点板组件300可以按照关于节点板组件200所公开的那样建造。Figures 3A and 3B illustrate an alternative
图4A和4B示出了如图3A和3B分别示出的节点板组件300的替换性的节点板组件400。此处,那些组件之间的主要区别是支撑Br被设置成钝角。如图所示,节点板302a/302b构造成使得分隔中心线CL相交于工作点WP1。因此,节点板402a比节点板402b更大。可替换地,分隔中心线CL可以平行移动的方式,与如图2A所示的WP2相交。该替代实施例能在节点板402a/402b之间产生比所示的更接近中央的间隙。在全部其它方面,节点板组件400可以按照关于节点板组件200所公开的那样建造。Figures 4A and 4B illustrate an alternative
根据本发明的一具体实施例,图5示出了通过节点板组件500连接的梁-柱-支撑节点。此处,斜撑Br使用单个销502代替多个螺栓来连接至节点板组件500。为容纳销502,在每一节点板504a/504b上沿着间隙边缘制造有半圆形切口,以放置销。该连接由于间隙的存在而允许水平和垂直相对运动以及经由销500的转动相对运动,间隙在水平地和垂直地两个方向被间隔开。在全部其它方面,节点板组件500可以按照关于节点板组件200所公开的那样建造。Figure 5 shows a beam-column-bracing joint connected by a gusset plate assembly 500, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Here, the brace Br is connected to the gusset plate assembly 500 using a single pin 502 instead of multiple bolts. To accommodate the pins 502, semicircular cutouts are made in each gusset plate 504a/504b along the edge of the gap to accommodate the pins. This connection allows horizontal and vertical relative movement as well as rotational relative movement via the pin 500 due to the presence of gaps that are spaced apart in both directions, horizontally and vertically. In all other respects, the gusset plate assembly 500 may be constructed as disclosed with respect to the
根据本发明的一个具体实施例,图6A示出了通过节点板组件600连接的梁-柱-支撑组件。此处,节点板组件600包括第一短板(stub)602,其通过固定连接(例如,螺栓连接和/或焊接)被固定地连接到梁Bm上。第二短板604以相同的方式被固定地连接到柱C上。节点板606被固定地连接到支撑Br上。第一短板602和第二短板604可采用挤压材料,如钢“角铁”来建造。节点板606使用斜角定向(垂直于中心线CL)的长槽螺栓孔608被活动地连接到第一短板602上。水平和垂直间隙分别位于节点板606的边缘与梁Bm和柱C之间。这样的配置允许梁Bm和柱C有此处描述的相对运动,并且还提供了隔离从支撑Br传递到梁Bm和柱C力的额外的优点。Figure 6A shows a beam-column-brace assembly connected by a
图6B示出了用于节点板组件600的第一短板604和第二短板606的替代配置。此处,节点板606使用垂直定向的长槽螺栓孔608被活动地连接到第一短板602上。类似地,节点板606使用水平定向的长槽螺栓孔608被活动地连接到第二短板604上。FIG. 6B shows an alternate configuration for the first
图6C和6D示出了支撑Br附连到节点板606上的替代配置。图6C示出了支撑Br处于螺栓连接构造。图6D示出了支撑Br通过可以旋转的大销钉销接到节点板上。6C and 6D show alternative configurations in which the brace Br is attached to the
图6E、6F、6G和6H分别为用于将第一短板602和第二短板604附连至梁Bm和柱C的各种构造。图6E和6F分别示出了单侧的和双侧的短板附连构造,短板被焊接在梁Br或柱C上。图6G和6H分别示出了单侧的和双侧的短板连接构造,短板被螺栓连接在梁Br或柱C上。6E, 6F, 6G and 6H are various configurations for attaching the first
根据本发明的一一个具体实施例,图7A示出了通过节点板组件700连接的梁-柱-支撑组件。节点板组件700与图2A中公开的类似。然而,此处的节点板组件700包括固定地附连于柱C的第一节点板702和固定地附连于梁Bm的第二节点板704。第一节点板702和第二节点板704从等分梁和柱的腹板的梁和柱的中心线偏移,使得第一节点板702和第二节点板704在不同的平面内彼此滑过。支撑Br通过使用成一定角度(垂直于中心线CL的中心线)布置的长槽孔706而被螺栓连接至两个节点板。Figure 7A shows a beam-column-brace assembly connected by a
图7B、7C和7D示出了节点板组件700的不同的配置。在图7B中,第一节点板702和第二节点板704如图7A所示布置,使得支撑Br位于它们之间。可选择地,第一节点板702和第二节点板704可如图7C所示的被布置成使得支撑Br的一侧是暴露的。在如此的配置中,第一节点板702和第二节点板704都被布置在柱C和梁Bm的腹板的同一侧。可选择地,如图7D所示,第一节点板702和第二节点板704可被布置成在内侧彼此接触,支撑Br被在两外侧放置。7B, 7C and 7D illustrate different configurations of the
根据本发明的一个具体实施例,图8A示出了通过节点板组件800连接的梁-柱-支撑组件。节点板组件800与节点板组件700相似,但是此处的节点板802和804通过实体的销被相互连接至支撑Br。在节点板802和804中制造有过大的孔,其允许节点板垂直于支撑Br的中心线CL移动。类似于图7B-7D,图8B-8D分别示出了支撑Br可被夹在两个节点板802和804之间,或者盖在节点板802和804的一侧上,或者支撑Br具有叉端,可把两个节点板802和804夹在中间。Figure 8A shows a beam-column-brace assembly connected by a
根据本发明的一个具体实施例,图9A示出了通过节点板组件900连接的梁-柱-支撑组件。图9A示出了本发明的一新的构造(类似于图6中描绘的实施例),节点板组件900具有三块板。第一板902被固定地连接到梁Bm,且第二板904被固定地连接到柱C。第三(或者主要)板906被固定地连接到支撑Br(在该实施例中为焊接)。第三板906通过垂直于支撑Br的中心线布置的长槽螺栓孔被活动地连接到第一板904。第三板906还通过垂直于支撑Br的中心线布置的长槽螺栓孔被活动地连接到第二板904。在第三板906的边缘与梁Bm和柱C两者之间都存在间隙。第三板906可被配备为单板部分,该单板部分螺栓连接到第一和第二板902/904的一侧,这样它只接触到第一和第二板的其中一个,或者第三板可被布置为两个板部分,把焊接在梁Bm和柱C上的第一和第二板902/904夹在中间。Figure 9A shows a beam-column-brace assembly connected by a
图9B和图9C示出了可选择的配置,分别通过实体的销和螺栓来将支撑Br连接至第三板906。Figures 9B and 9C show alternative configurations connecting the brace Br to the
图9D示出了与图9A相同的梁-柱-支撑组件,在第二板904上具有平行于梁Bm的长槽螺栓孔,以及在第一板上具有平行于柱C的长槽螺栓孔。这样的配置可提供隔离从支撑传递到梁和柱上的力的额外的优点,如图2B所示的那样。Figure 9D shows the same beam-column-brace assembly as in Figure 9A, with slotted bolt holes parallel to beam Bm on the
本发明的具体实施例不局限于梁Bm和柱C的连结。例如,图10示出了节点板组件的两个不同的构造,用于将支撑Br附连至梁Bm的中间部分(两个支撑Br在梁Bm相遇处)。为了简洁,示出两个不同的节点板组件,在一些实施例中这可能正是如此情形,而在其它具体实施例中构造可能是对称的。左手侧示出了节点板组件1000,其与图2A中描绘的实施例相似。右手侧示出了节点板组件1010,其具有的构造与图6A中描绘的实施例相似。The specific embodiment of the invention is not limited to the connection of the beam Bm and the column C. For example, Figure 10 shows two different configurations of a gusset plate assembly for attaching a brace Br to the middle portion of a beam Bm (where the two braces Br meet). For simplicity, two different gusset plate assemblies are shown, which may be the case in some embodiments, while in other particular embodiments the construction may be symmetrical. The left hand side shows a
图11是本发明应用的另一个实施例,应用于建筑结构的不同的部分。此处,在图2A中公开的节点板组件被用于柱-支撑-底板场所。应该理解,此处公开的全部节点板组件可被应用在所公开的图中的用底板代替梁的柱-支撑-底板场所。Figure 11 is another embodiment of the application of the present invention, applied to different parts of the building structure. Here, the gusset plate assembly disclosed in Fig. 2A was used in a column-brace-baseplate situation. It should be understood that all of the gusset plate assemblies disclosed herein may be applied to the column-brace-slab configurations of the disclosed figures where a base plate is used instead of a beam.
本发明的具体实施例不局限于建筑结构,而是可被用于多种通常使用梁和柱结构的承重结构。例如,图12示出了一般的桁架。所示的任何节点可根据在此公开的具体实施例来建造。通常地,本发明的具体实施例根据已知的建筑结构建造的技术来建造。Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to architectural structures, but may be used in a variety of load bearing structures typically using beam and column construction. For example, Figure 12 shows a generic truss. Any of the nodes shown can be constructed according to the specific embodiments disclosed herein. Generally, embodiments of the invention are constructed according to known techniques of architectural structure construction.
上述描述是说明性的而不是限制性的。在对所公开的内容回顾后,本发明的多种变化对本领域技术人员来说会变得更明显。因此,本发明的范围不应该根据上述描述来确定,而是应该根据待审的权利要求及其全部的范围或等效物来确定。The foregoing description is illustrative rather than restrictive. Various variations of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the disclosure. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined not with reference to the above description, but should be determined with reference to the pending claims along with their full scope or equivalents.
任何具体实施例的一个或多个特征都可与任何其它具体实施例的一个或多个特征相结合而不脱离本发明的范围。One or more features of any particular embodiment may be combined with one or more features of any other particular embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention.
“一”、“一种”或者“该”的陈述用来指的是“一个或多个”,除非有具体地相反指示。The statements "a", "an" or "the" are used to mean "one or more" unless specifically indicated to the contrary.
Claims (10)
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| US61/442,738 | 2011-02-14 | ||
| PCT/US2012/025122 WO2012112608A2 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2012-02-14 | Split gusset connection |
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| CN103620128A true CN103620128A (en) | 2014-03-05 |
| CN103620128B CN103620128B (en) | 2017-06-30 |
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| US (3) | US9856640B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2675960B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6030581B2 (en) |
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| US20190271145A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
| JP2014505190A (en) | 2014-02-27 |
| KR20140034762A (en) | 2014-03-20 |
| CA2826767C (en) | 2019-07-23 |
| EP2675960B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| US10294657B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
| US11060274B2 (en) | 2021-07-13 |
| US9856640B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
| US20180087264A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
| EP2675960A4 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| WO2012112608A2 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
| CN103620128B (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| CA2826767A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
| JP6030581B2 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
| WO2012112608A3 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
| EP2675960A2 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| KR101940298B1 (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| US20140318075A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
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