CN103438090B - A kind of shape memory composite material hinge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A shape-memory composite material hinge, which is an integral tubular hinge, its cross-section is symmetrical up and down and left-right symmetrical, and half of the outline of the cross-section is Type, which is composed of a middle convex arc, two side concave arcs and horizontal sides, corresponding to the middle convex arc, two side concave arcs and horizontal sides is the middle convex shell, two side concave shells and glue joint The shape memory composite material hinge is divided into non-opening areas at both ends and opening areas in the middle section along the length direction. The opening area in the middle section is set to meet the needs of folding and unfolding. The opening area must be symmetrically arranged in the middle Near the concave shell on both sides of the segment, and retain the cemented surface of the middle segment when opening. A preparation method of a shape memory composite material hinge has five major steps. The invention has simple structure, excellent comprehensive performance and simple preparation process operation, so it has very good engineering application value.

Description

A shape memory composite material hinge and its preparation method

technical field

The invention provides a shape-memory composite material hinge and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite material structure design and manufacture.

Background technique

The shape memory composite hinge is a structure with shape memory function, which can complete the folding and unfolding process without damage. Shape memory composite hinges are not only light in weight but also have excellent performance, so they have received more and more attention in recent years, especially in the aerospace field. Shape memory composite material hinges are divided into two categories according to the deformation mechanism of folding and unfolding: one is made of conventional composite materials (polymer materials in the component materials do not have shape memory properties), elastic deformation occurs during folding and unfolding, First, it is folded and deformed by applying an external force, and when it needs to be unfolded, the elastic strain energy stored in the folded deformation is used to complete the unfolding deformation process, and then return to its original configuration to realize the shape memory function; the other is to use the shape characteristic itself It is made of a composite material (the polymer material in the component material has shape memory properties), firstly heat it above the transition temperature of the shape memory composite material, apply an external force to make it folded and deformed, cool in the folded deformed state, and freeze the folded In the deformed state, when it needs to be unfolded, it is heated up to complete the unfolding deformation process, and then returns to its original configuration to realize the shape memory function. From the perspective of structural design, classic shape memory composite hinges can be divided into segmented shape memory composite hinges and round tube shape memory composite hinges. The segmented shape memory composite hinge is composed of multi-piece composite material shells and clamps at both ends, which has strong deformation ability, but in addition to the composite material shells, additional clamps are required to assemble the composite material shells to play a role. Therefore, the structure is complex, the integrity is poor, and the weight is large; the circular tube type shape memory composite material hinge is an integral hinge structure that opens in the area where openings are required on both sides of the composite material tube to meet the needs of folding and unfolding. Therefore, the structure is simple, the integrity is good, and the weight is light. Although the segmented shape memory composite hinge and the tubular shape memory composite hinge are the two most widely studied and applied composite hinges, they still have shortcomings, namely, the lateral bending resistance and The axial torsion resistance is relatively weak, which is not conducive to use under complex load conditions.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a shape memory composite material hinge and its preparation method to solve the technical problem that the classic shape memory composite material hinge has relatively weak transverse bending resistance and axial torsion resistance in a fully unfolded state.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

1) A shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention, which is an integral tubular hinge, differs from a circular tube-type shape-memory composite material hinge in the cross-sectional shape, and the cross-section of the shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention is Symmetrical up and down and left and right, half of the contour line of the cross section is Type, which is composed of a central convex arc, concave arcs on both sides and horizontal sides, corresponding to the central convex arc, concave arcs on both sides and horizontal sides are the middle convex shell and the concave shells on both sides of the shape memory composite hinge of the present invention And the three parts of the adhesive surface. The shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention is divided into non-opening areas at both ends and an opening area in the middle section along the length direction. Similar, but the opening area of the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention must be arranged symmetrically near the concave shells on both sides of the middle section, and the cemented surface of the middle section should be reserved when opening.

The composite material selected for the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention is composed of a reinforcing material and a polymer material, and the polymer material in the component material has shape memory characteristics, and the shape memory composite material of the present invention is prepared by selecting a polymer material with shape memory characteristics The composite material hinge utilizes the shape memory properties of the polymer material itself to realize the shape memory function of the folding and unfolding of the shape memory composite material hinge.

Among them, the polymer material in the component materials may not have shape memory properties, and the polymer material without shape memory properties may be selected to prepare the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention, and the elastic deformation is used to realize the folding and unfolding of the shape memory composite material hinge shape memory function.

2) A preparation method of a shape memory composite material hinge according to the present invention, the preparation steps are as follows:

Step 1. Determine the composite material components used to prepare the shape memory composite hinge, that is, the reinforcement material and the polymer material.

Step 2, determining the curing molding method of the composite material.

Step 3. Prepare two identical sheets with the selected composite material Composite shells.

Step 4, put two pieces of the same The bonding surface of the type composite material thin shell is bonded by an adhesive to form a composite material thin-walled pipe fitting.

Step 5. Open the composite material thin-walled pipe fittings prepared in step 4 near the concave shells on both sides of the middle section, and keep the cemented surface of the middle section when opening, to form the opening area of the middle section, and finally obtain the shape of the present invention Memory composite hinge. The glued surface remaining near the opening area of the middle section can effectively improve the transverse bending resistance and axial torsion resistance of the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention in a fully unfolded state.

Wherein, the "polymer material" described in step one is epoxy resin, styrene, styrene-butadiene, trans polyisoprene, cyanate ester, polyurethane, polynorbornene, polyimide Amine, bismaleimide, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylether ketone, polyvinyl alcohol, reinforced material is carbon fiber, glass fiber, Kevlar fiber, boron fiber, plant fiber or above fiber fabric or above fiber Chopped fibers, and carbon powders, carbon nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes on the micro or nano scale.

Wherein, the "curing molding method" described in step 2 is resin transfer molding method, vacuum assisted resin injection molding method, thermal expansion resin transfer molding method, airbag pressing method, reinforced thermosetting resin injection molding, autoclave method , vacuum bag method, structural reaction injection molding method or compression molding method.

Wherein, the "adhesive" described in step 4 is epoxy resin adhesive, epoxy phenolic adhesive, polyimide adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive or silicone resin adhesive, specifically Which type of adhesive to choose is mainly determined by the polymer material in the selected component material, that is, the curing conditions of the adhesive, especially the curing temperature, should match the polymer material in the component material.

The present invention is a shape-memory composite material hinge and its preparation method. Its beneficial effect is that the shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, good integrity and light weight, and it has the advantages of lateral bending resistance and The axial torsion resistance is relatively high, and the comprehensive performance is excellent. In addition, the preparation method of the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention is also relatively simple to operate. Therefore, the present invention has very good engineering application value.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a shape memory composite hinge

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of a shape memory composite hinge.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a shape memory composite hinge.

Figure 4 is a schematic isometric side view of a shape memory composite hinge.

Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the shape memory composite material hinge.

Figure 1: 1. Convex arc in the middle, 2. Concave arc on both sides, 3. Horizontal side.

In Fig. 3: 4. Non-opening area, 5. Opening area, 6. Non-opening area.

In Fig. 4: 7. the convex shell in the middle, 8. the concave shells on both sides, and 9. the glued surface.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples.

The shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention is an integral tubular hinge, and the difference from the circular tube-shaped shape-memory composite material hinge lies in the cross-sectional shape. , half of the contour line of the cross section is Type, which is composed of the middle convex arc 1, the concave arcs 2 on both sides and the horizontal side 3 (as shown in Figure 1), and the shape corresponding to the middle convex arc 1, the concave arcs 2 on both sides and the horizontal side 3 is the shape of the present invention The memory composite material hinge consists of three parts (as shown in FIG. 4 ), the middle convex shell 7 , the concave shells 8 on both sides and the glued surface 9 . The shape memory composite hinge of the present invention is divided into non-opening areas (4 and 6) at both ends and an opening area 5 in the middle section along the length direction (as shown in Figures 2 and 3), and the opening area 5 in the middle section is provided for To meet the needs of folding and unfolding, this is similar to the shape memory composite material hinge of the round tube, but the opening area 5 of the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention must be symmetrically arranged near the concave shells 8 on both sides of the middle section, and when opening Keep the cemented surface 9 of the middle section. For the shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention, the opening area 5 of the middle section is easy to fold and unfold, and a wide range of folding and unfolding deformations can be completed. In addition, since the adhesive joint surface 9 is reserved near the opening area 5 of the middle section, The transverse bending resistance and axial torsion resistance of the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention in a fully unfolded state can be effectively improved. When designing the shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention, it is necessary to focus on the cross-sectional shape, wall thickness, and the geometry and size of the opening region 5 in the middle section. The middle convex arc 1 and the concave arcs 2 on both sides of the cross-section of the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention can be arcs of equal curvature or arcs of variable curvature, and the horizontal side 3 is a straight line; the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention The wall thickness is recommended to be below 2mm; the geometric shape and size of the opening area 5 of the middle section of the shape memory composite hinge of the present invention should be selected so that the stress level of the entire structure in the process of folding and unfolding meets the strength requirements, that is, it will not cause The structure is damaged and the efficiency is high, which can be analyzed and designed by means of finite element method, usually using rectangular openings, or on the basis of rectangular openings, opening semicircular holes or partial circular holes at both ends of rectangular openings.

The composite material selected for the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention is composed of reinforcing material and polymer material, and the polymer material in the component material may not have shape memory properties, or may have shape memory properties. If a polymer material without shape-memory properties is used to prepare the shape-memory composite hinge of the present invention, elastic deformation is used to realize the shape-memory function of folding and unfolding of the shape-memory composite hinge; if a polymer material with shape memory properties is selected for preparation The shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention utilizes the shape-memory property of the polymer material itself to realize the shape-memory function of folding and unfolding of the shape-memory composite material hinge. Polymer materials are epoxy, styrene, styrene-butadiene, trans-polyisoprene, cyanate ester, polyurethane, polynorbornene, polyimide, bismaleimide, poly Amide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylether ketone or polyvinyl alcohol, the reinforcement material is carbon fiber, glass fiber, Kevlar fiber, boron fiber, plant fiber or above fiber fabric or chopped fiber above fiber, and micron or nanometer Carbon powder, carbon nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes.

The flow chart of the preparation method of the shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention is shown in Figure 5, first determine the composite material components used to prepare the shape memory composite material hinge, and determine the composite material curing molding method according to the selected composite material components , on this basis prepare two identical Type composite thin shell, and then two identical The bonding surface of the composite material thin shell is bonded by an adhesive to form a composite material thin-walled pipe fitting, and finally opens near the concave shells 8 on both sides of the middle section of the composite material thin-walled pipe fitting, and keeps the middle when opening. The cemented surface 9 of the section forms the opening area 5 of the middle section to obtain the shape-memory composite material hinge of the present invention.

See Fig. 5, the preparation method of a kind of shape memory composite material hinge of the present invention, its specific preparation steps are as follows:

Step 1. Determine the composite material components used to prepare the shape memory composite hinge, that is, the reinforcement material and the polymer material.

Step 2, determining the curing molding method of the composite material.

Wherein, the "curing molding method" described in step 1 is resin transfer molding method, vacuum assisted resin injection molding method, thermal expansion resin transfer molding method, airbag pressing method, reinforced thermosetting resin injection molding, autoclave method, vacuum bag method, structural reaction injection molding method or compression molding method.

Step 3. Prepare two identical sheets with the selected composite material Composite shells.

Step 4, put two pieces of the same The bonding surface of the type composite material thin shell is bonded by an adhesive to form a composite material thin-walled pipe fitting.

Wherein, the "adhesive" described in step 4 is epoxy resin adhesive, epoxy phenolic adhesive, polyimide adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive or silicone resin adhesive, The specific type of adhesive to be selected is mainly determined by the polymer material in the selected component material, that is, the curing conditions of the adhesive, especially the curing temperature, should match the polymer material in the component material.

Step 5: Open the composite material thin-walled pipe fittings prepared in step 4 near the concave shells 8 on both sides of the middle section, and keep the cementing surface 9 of the middle section when opening, forming the opening area 5 of the middle section, and finally this product is obtained. Invented shape memory composite hinge.

Claims (8)

1. A shape memory composite material hinge is characterized in that: it is a kind of integral tubular hinge, and its cross section is symmetrical up and down and left and right symmetrical, and half of the contour line of the cross section is Type, which is composed of the middle convex arc, the concave arcs on both sides and the horizontal side, corresponding to the middle convex arc, the concave arcs on both sides and the horizontal side are the middle convex shell, the two side concave shells and the glue joint of the shape memory composite hinge. The shape memory composite material hinge is divided into non-opening areas at both ends and opening areas in the middle section along the length direction. The opening area in the middle section is set to meet the needs of folding and unfolding. The opening area must be symmetrically arranged in the middle Near the concave shells on both sides of the segment, and retain the glued surface of the middle segment when opening; The middle convex arc and the concave arcs on both sides of the cross-section of the shape memory composite material hinge are arcs of equal curvature or arcs of variable curvature, and the horizontal side is a straight line; the wall thickness of the shape memory composite material hinge is below 2 mm; The opening area of the middle section of the shape memory composite material hinge adopts a rectangular opening, or on the basis of the rectangular opening, semicircular holes or partial circular holes are opened at both ends of the rectangular opening; The composite material selected for the shape memory composite material hinge is composed of reinforcing materials and polymer materials, and the polymer materials in the component materials either do not have shape memory properties, or have shape memory properties; if selected, they do not have shape memory properties If the polymer material with shape memory properties is used to prepare the shape memory composite hinge, the elastic deformation is used to realize the shape memory function of the folding and unfolding of the shape memory composite hinge; if the polymer material with shape memory properties is used to prepare the shape memory composite hinge, the polymer The shape memory characteristic of the material itself realizes the shape memory function of folding and unfolding of the shape memory composite material hinge. 2. A shape memory composite material hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that: said polymer material is epoxy resin, styrene, styrene-butadiene, trans polyisoprene, cyanide ester, polyurethane, polynorbornene, polyimide, bismaleimide, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyaryletherketone or polyvinyl alcohol. 3. A shape memory composite material hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that: said reinforcing material is carbon fiber, glass fiber, Kevlar fiber, boron fiber, plant fiber or above fiber fabric or chopped fiber of above fiber . 4. A shape memory composite material hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that: said "reinforcing material" is carbon powder, carbon nanoparticle or carbon nanotube in micron or nanometer scale. 5. A method for preparing a shape memory composite material hinge, characterized in that: its preparation steps are as follows: Step 1. Determine the composite material components used to prepare the shape memory composite material hinge, that is, the reinforcement material and the polymer material; Step 2, determining the solidification molding method of the composite material; Step 3. Prepare two identical sheets with the selected composite material Type composite thin shell; Step 4, put two pieces of the same The bonding surface of the composite material thin shell is bonded by an adhesive to form a composite material thin-walled pipe fitting; Step 5. Open the composite material thin-walled pipe fittings prepared in step 4 near the concave shells on both sides of the middle section, and keep the glue joint surface of the middle section when opening to form the opening area of the middle section, and finally obtain the shape memory composite Material hinge; the glue joint surface reserved near the opening area of the middle section can effectively improve the lateral bending resistance and axial torsion resistance of the shape memory composite material hinge in a fully unfolded state; The "curing molding method" described in step 2 is resin transfer molding method, vacuum assisted resin injection molding method, thermal expansion resin transfer molding method, airbag pressing method, reinforced thermosetting resin injection molding method, autoclave method, vacuum Bag method, structural reaction injection molding method or compression molding method; The "adhesive" described in step 4 is one of epoxy resin adhesive, epoxy phenolic adhesive, polyimide adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive and silicone resin adhesive , which type of adhesive to choose depends on the polymer material in the selected component material, that is, the curing temperature of the adhesive should match the polymer material in the component material. 6. The preparation method of a shape memory composite material hinge according to claim 5, characterized in that: the "polymer material" described in step 1 is epoxy resin, styrene, styrene-butadiene, Trans polyisoprene, cyanate ester, polyurethane, polynorbornene, polyimide, bismaleimide, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyaryletherketone, polyvinyl alcohol. 7. The preparation method of a shape memory composite material hinge according to claim 5, characterized in that: the "reinforcing material" described in step 1 is carbon fiber, glass fiber, Kevlar fiber, boron fiber, plant fiber short Cut fibers. 8. The preparation method of a shape memory composite material hinge according to claim 5, characterized in that: the "reinforcing material" described in step 1 is carbon powder, carbon nanoparticle or carbon nanotube of micron or nanometer scale .