CN102624313B - Excitation capacitance optimization method of wind power generation system of stator duplex-winding asynchronous motor - Google Patents
Excitation capacitance optimization method of wind power generation system of stator duplex-winding asynchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102624313B CN102624313B CN201210080900.2A CN201210080900A CN102624313B CN 102624313 B CN102624313 B CN 102624313B CN 201210080900 A CN201210080900 A CN 201210080900A CN 102624313 B CN102624313 B CN 102624313B
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Abstract
本发明公开一种定子双绕组异步电机风力发电系统的励磁电容优化方法，步骤是：计算功率绕组整流输出电压能达到给定值的最小转速，从而确定该发电系统高风速运行与低风速运行的切换点；写出高风速区控制绕组电流有效值的解析表达式，并建立该发电系统的计算机仿真模型；利用控制绕组电流有效值的解析表达式对励磁电容进行优化迭代，使高低风速运行切换点的控制绕组电流有效值与最高速满载运行点的控制绕组电流有效值相等，从而初步确定励磁电容的大小；利用仿真模型对优化迭代获得的励磁电容进行仿真验证和微调，从而求得该发电系统在宽风速范围内运行的最佳励磁电容。此方法可实现变换器容量的最小化，减小发电系统的体积和重量，降低其成本。
The invention discloses an excitation capacitance optimization method for a stator double-winding asynchronous motor wind power generation system. The steps are: calculating the minimum rotational speed at which the rectified output voltage of the power winding can reach a given value, so as to determine the high wind speed operation and low wind speed operation of the power generation system. switching point; write the analytical expression of the effective value of the control winding current in the high wind speed area, and establish a computer simulation model of the power generation system; use the analytical expression of the effective value of the control winding current to optimize the excitation capacitor, so that the high and low wind speed operation can be switched The effective value of the control winding current at the point is equal to the effective value of the control winding current at the highest speed full-load operation point, so as to preliminarily determine the size of the excitation capacitance; use the simulation model to simulate and fine-tune the excitation capacitance obtained by the optimization iteration, so as to obtain the power generation The best excitation capacitance for the system to operate in a wide wind speed range. This method can minimize the capacity of the converter, reduce the size and weight of the power generation system, and reduce its cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Generation of induction motor field, particularly a kind of exciting capacity optimization method of the stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system that can move in wide wind speed range.
Background technology
In recent years, the regenerative resource such as conventional energy resource is day by day in short supply, and environmental pollution constantly worsens, wind energy is more and more subject to countries in the world and payes attention to, and wind power generation has become one of the fastest regenerative resource of development in recent years.Squirrel cage induction motor has brushless structure, the important selection that simple and reliable, low cost and other advantages more and more becomes wind power generation because of it.Traditional self-excitation type squirrel cage induction motor electricity generation system thinks that at motor output end shunt excitation electric capacity motor provides excitation conventionally, in the time that load and rotating speed change, also there is larger variation in output voltage thereupon, even system can be collapsed, therefore, such electricity generation system is not suitable for being applied to the occasion of wind power generation iso-variable velocity varying load.Along with developing rapidly and the continuous maturation of Electric Machine Control theory of power electronic technology, by the squirrel cage induction motor electricity generation system of converters control, can be generator provides continuously adjustable excitation idle, thereby make output voltage keep stable, power supply output quality significantly promotes simultaneously, but above-mentioned power electronic equipment exists volume weight larger, can cause the problems such as harmonic components, make the application and development of squirrel cage induction motor electricity generation system in wind power generation be subject to certain limitation.
Stator double-winding asynchronous (DWIG) electricity generation system that propose the beginning of this century, overcome the shortcoming and defect of existing squirrel cage induction motor electricity generation system, be subject to the extensive concern of Chinese scholars with its unique texture and advantage, and carried out large quantity research for independent electric power supply and wind generator system, mainly comprise system topology, Motor Optimizing Design, voltage control strategy, variable-speed operation rule and the stability of a system etc.
In wind power generation, how to obtain more wind energy, widen Wind Power Utilization scope, the wind energy in especially low wind speed district is study hotspot and the difficult point of wind generator system always.For effective head it off, patent [ZL200910035437.8] has proposed a kind of DWIG electricity generation system topological structure that can move in wide wind speed range, coordinate shown in Fig. 1, it comprises major loop, low pressure small-power accessory power supply, detect loop and control loop, major loop is by dual stator-winding induction generator 1, filter inductance 2, control change device 3, rectifier bridge 4, exciting capacity 5, diode 7 and output inverter 15 form, low pressure small-power accessory power supply is made up of low capacity storage battery 6 and blocking diode, detect loop by current sensor 8 and voltage sensor 9, 10, 11 compositions, control loop is made up of the drive circuit 13 of digital signal processor 12 and control change device, the anode of controlling winding side control change device 3 output dc voltages is connected with the anode of power winding side rectifier bridge 4 output dc voltages by diode 7, and both negative terminals are directly connected, the positive pole of low capacity storage battery 6 connects the anode of blocking diode, and the negative pole of low capacity storage battery 6 connects the negative terminal of control change device 3 output dc voltages, and the negative electrode of blocking diode connects the anode of control change device 3 output dc voltages, this topological structure has further expanded the range of speeds of this electricity generation system speed change varying load operation, can utilize the wind power generation in low wind speed district, has greatly widened the Wind Power Utilization scope of this electricity generation system.In this electricity generation system, reduce converter capacity to reducing volume, the weight of system, reduce its cost and there is important function, and in the situation that wind energy conversion system power characteristic, generator parameter and the range of speeds are definite, be exciting capacity to the parameter of converter capacity impact maximum.Therefore, be necessary that the exciting capacity of the DWIG wind generator system to above-mentioned wide wind speed operation is optimized design, to realize minimizing of converter capacity, thereby reduce to greatest extent volume, the weight of this electricity generation system, reduce its cost.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of exciting capacity optimization method of stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system, and it can realize minimizing of converter capacity, reduces the volume and weight of electricity generation system, reduces its cost.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:
An exciting capacity optimization method for stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system, comprises the steps:
(1) according to wind energy conversion system power characteristic, stator double-winding asynchronous parameter and rotation speed change scope, rated output winding rectifier output voltage can reach the minimum speed of set-point, thereby determines the switching point that this electricity generation system high wind speed operation and low wind speed move;
(2), according to stator double-winding asynchronous equivalent electric circuit and phasor diagram, write out high wind speed district and control the analytical expression of winding current effective value, and set up the computer simulation model of this electricity generation system;
(3) utilize the analytical expression of controlling winding current effective value to be optimized iteration to exciting capacity, the control winding current effective value that makes this electricity generation system height wind speed operation switching point equates with the control winding current effective value of high speed full-load run point, thus the size of tentatively definite exciting capacity;
(4) exciting capacity that utilizes the computer simulation model of this electricity generation system to obtain Optimized Iterative carries out simulating, verifying and fine setting, thereby tries to achieve the optimal excitation electric capacity that this electricity generation system is moved in wide wind speed range, realizes minimizing of converter capacity.
Adopt after such scheme, apply stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system of the present invention can not only be in wide wind speed range the electric energy of stable output, and its converter capacity only has 1/3rd left and right of system amount of exports constant volume, reduce the volume and weight of system, reduce cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system of existing wide wind speed operation;
In Fig. 1, label represents respectively: 1. stator double-winding asynchronous, and 2. filter inductance, 3. control change device, 4. rectifier bridge, 5. exciting capacity, 6. storage battery, 7. diode, 8. current sensor, 9,10,11. voltage sensors, 12. digital signal processors, 13. drive circuits, 14. DC load, 15. combining inverters, 16. AC network, 17. wind energy conversion systems
Fig. 2 is wind energy conversion system power characteristic and the best power curve of conversion to generating pusher side;
Fig. 3 is the stator double-winding asynchronous equivalent circuit diagram of the parameter of stator control winding and rotor all being converted to stator power winding side;
Fig. 4 is the stator double-winding asynchronous phasor diagram corresponding with Fig. 3;
Variable implication in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is: R
p, R
c, R
rrepresent respectively the equivalent resistance of power winding, control winding, rotor; L
lp, L
lc, L
lrrepresent respectively the leakage inductance of power winding, control winding, rotor; L
mrepresent magnetizing inductance; R
lfor load resistance;
represent respectively the electric current of power winding, control winding, rotor;
represent exciting curent;
represent the electric current of power winding lateral load;
represent the electric current of exciting capacity;
represent power winding output voltage;
represent induced electromotive force; S represents slip frequency; ω represents synchronous speed;
represent main flux; C represents exciting capacity;
Fig. 5 is the stator double-winding asynchronous control winding current effective value Changing Pattern schematic diagram of wide wind speed operation;
Curve A B in Fig. 5 and curve B CE represent respectively the control winding current effective value Changing Pattern in low wind speed district and high wind speed district; I
arepresent the control winding current effective value of minimum speed underloading (load is according to best power curve) operating point, I
brepresent the control winding current effective value of height wind speed district operation switching point, I
crepresent that converter is by providing capacitive excitation the idle control winding current effective value (equalling zero) transferring to when perceptual excitation idle (absorbing capacitive excitation idle) is provided, I
drepresent the control winding current effective value of maximum speed full-load run point.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, implementation procedure of the present invention is elaborated.
The stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system topological structure of wide wind speed operation is as shown in Figure 1 known, the DC bus of this generator control winding side converter is connected with the DC bus of power winding side rectifier bridge by a diode, thereby can utilize in low wind speed district voltage pump rise principle by controlling winding through converter output high voltage direct current electric energy, greatly widen the Wind Power Utilization scope of this electricity generation system.In wind power generation, in order to obtain to greatest extent wind energy, the wind energy conversion system power characteristic according to the conversion shown in Fig. 2 to generating pusher side, adopts maximal wind-energy Tracing Control strategy, electricity generation system is moved on best power curve, to export electric energy as much as possible.
In the wind generator system shown in Fig. 1, control volume, the weight to reducing system that minimizes of winding side converter capacity, reduce costs and have important function, it and wind energy conversion system power characteristic, stator double-winding asynchronous parameter, rotation speed change scope and exciting capacity have much relations.And for an actual wind generator system, wind energy conversion system power characteristic, generator parameter and rotation speed change scope all determine conventionally, therefore, how to choose the exciting capacity that power winding side connects just very crucial to minimizing of converter capacity.If choose required minimum self-excitation exciting capacity by the requirement that meets this electricity generation system self-excitation build up, it is idle that system can produce the capacitive excitation of great quantities of spare in the time that high-speed overload moves, and needs converter to absorb.If exciting capacity is not set, in the time of low speed light running, converter need provide larger capacitive excitation idle.Therefore, make converter capacity reach minimum zero to certainly existing a best exciting capacity between minimum self-excitation exciting capacity.
In this wind generator system, converter is made up of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) or Intelligent Power Module (IPM) conventionally, determine in situation at electricity generation system output voltage, converter capacity is mainly determined by the maximum effective value of controlling winding current, therefore, if can select an optimal excitation electric capacity to make the maximum effective value of controlling winding current reach minimum in wide rotating speed range of operation, can realize minimizing of converter capacity.
The stator double-winding asynchronous control winding current effective value Changing Pattern of wide wind speed operation as shown in Figure 5.In low wind speed district, control converter that winding side connects on the one hand for generator provides required capacitive excitation idle, utilize voltage pump rise principle outwards to export high voltage direct current electric energy on the one hand.Based on maximal wind-energy Tracing Control strategy, this electricity generation system is according to the best power curve motion in Fig. 2, and wind speed is larger, and rotating speed and power output are also larger, therefore control the also corresponding increase of winding current effective value.Along with wind speed increases, in the time that the direct current pressure energy after the rectification of power winding side reaches set-point, the electric energy that generator sends is by transferring to from power winding side and exporting through rectifier bridge through converter output from controlling winding side, at this moment controls winding current and transfers to and only contain reactive current by not only containing active current but also containing reactive current.For ensureing that operation of electric power system state seamlessly transits between height wind speed, the idle size of capacitive excitation providing to generator by adjusting low wind speed district converter, approximately equal when making to control winding current effective value and switching between height wind speed.In high wind speed district, electricity generation system is still according to best power curve motion, and the electric energy of output is all from the output of power winding, and converter only provides excitation idle to generator, and outwards output is not meritorious.While just having entered high wind speed district, because the capacitive excitation that exciting capacity provides is idle not, insufficient section is provided by converter, so that the direct voltage after the rectification of power winding side reaches set-point.Along with wind speed constantly increases, rotating speed is corresponding rising also, and capacitive excitation that exciting capacity provides is idle also to be increased thereupon, thereby the capacitive excitation that provides of converter is idle reduces gradually, controls winding current effective value and also reduces thereupon.The further increase of wind speed, converter is by provide idle being transitioned into of capacitive excitation to provide perceptual excitation idle (absorbing unnecessary capacitive excitation idle) to generator, and the corresponding change procedure of controlling winding current effective value is: be first decremented to zero and increase gradually.Once wind speed exceedes rated wind speed, on the one hand will employing measure limit the power output of wind energy conversion system; System need keep rated power output on the other hand, to ensure that electricity generation system moves in the range of speeds of safety.
As the above analysis, in the whole range of speeds, the maximum effective value of control winding current when converter provides capacitive excitation idle appears at height wind speed operation switching point and (sees the I in Fig. 5
b), the maximum effective value of control winding current when converter provides perceptual excitation idle appears at maximum speed full-load run point and (sees the I in Fig. 5
d), if can ensure, the two equates (I
b=I
d), can ensure to control the maximum effective value of winding current and reach minimum.Therefore, in this wind generator system, minimize target for realizing converter capacity, the exciting capacity optimization principles that the present invention proposes is: the control winding current maximum effective value of the maximum effective value of control winding current when converter provides capacitive excitation idle when providing perceptual excitation idle equates.Based on this optimization principles, taking minimum self-excitation exciting capacity as preliminary examination iterative value, progressively reduce exciting capacity according to a fixed step size, and relatively height wind speed moves switching point control winding current effective value I
bwith maximum speed full-load run point control winding current effective value I
dsize, until the two equate, thereby obtain best exciting capacity.
In sum, the exciting capacity optimization method of the stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system of wide wind speed operation can be realized by following concrete steps:
(1) according to wind energy conversion system power characteristic, stator double-winding asynchronous parameter and rotation speed change scope, determine that power winding side rectifier output voltage can reach the minimum speed of set-point, also the switching point of i.e. this electricity generation system high wind speed operation and the operation of low wind speed.
(2) according to stator double-winding asynchronous equivalent electric circuit (Fig. 3) and space phasor figure (Fig. 4), write out the analytical expression (formula (1)) that high wind speed district controls winding current effective value, and in Matlab/Simulink simulation software, set up the computer simulation model of whole this electricity generation system in conjunction with the Mathematical Modeling of this generator.
(3) utilize the analytical expression of controlling winding current effective value to be optimized iteration to exciting capacity, the control winding current effective value that makes this electricity generation system height wind speed operation switching point equates with the control winding current effective value of high speed full-load run point, thus the size of tentatively definite exciting capacity;
(4) exciting capacity that utilizes the computer simulation model of this electricity generation system to obtain Optimized Iterative carries out simulating, verifying and fine setting, thereby tries to achieve the optimal excitation electric capacity that this electricity generation system is moved in wide wind speed range, realizes minimizing of converter capacity.
In sum, the exciting capacity optimization method of a kind of stator double-winding asynchronous wind generator system of the present invention, according to the power characteristic of wind energy conversion system, stator double-winding asynchronous parameter and rotation speed change scope, taking converter capacity minimum as optimization aim, when controlling the maximum effective value of winding current and provide perceptual excitation idle in the time that converter providing capacitive excitation idle, controlling the maximum effective value of winding current equates as optimization principles, the method that adopts exciting capacity Optimized Iterative and Computer Simulation to combine is tried to achieve the optimal excitation electric capacity that this electricity generation system is moved in wide wind speed range.
Above embodiment only, for explanation technological thought of the present invention, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every technological thought proposing according to the present invention, and any change of doing on technical scheme basis, within all falling into protection range of the present invention.
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Effective date of registration: 20160506 Address after: 225500, No. 188 West Tong Road, Jiangyan Economic Development Zone, Taizhou, Jiangsu Patentee after: Jiangsu Far East Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Address before: Yudaojie Baixia District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, No. 29 210016 Patentee before: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics |
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