CA1279443C - Dual hydraulic hospital bed with emergency bypass circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract of the Disclosure A hydraulically operated hospital bed with dual hydraulic power systems for operation with or without electrical service. The bed has its head and thigh/leg elevation functions performed by hydraulic cylinders. A control circuit meters the introduction and removal of hydraulic fluid from these cylinders so an occupant of the bed is not subjected to any sudden movement. In case of an emergency requiring the bed occupant to be in a supine position (the need to perform CPR), the normal control circuit is bypassed by an emergency circuit that allows much faster than normal lowering of the head and thigh/leg portions of the bed.

Description

DUAL HYDRAULIC ~OSPITAL BED ~ITH EMERGENCY BYPASS CIRCUIT

Background of the Invention There have been numerous examples of hydraulic hospital beds and medical procedure tables in the prior art. These devices use hydraulic cylinders ~o raise and lower the bed itself and the head and leg adjustment portions. Other hospital beds are electrically operated. In the case of electrically operated beds, disengagement of the mechanical drive member will allow quick lowering of head and leg portions in case of an emergency. Hydraulically operated beds generally have not had this capability because their rods usually are directly coupled to the head and leg portions, leading to a ~enerally slow lowering rate, even in an emergency when cardiac-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) might be required.

U.S. Patent 4,038,709 shows a hospital bed that has a dual hydraulic system, operable by either compressed air or a manual foot pump. This bed does have a way to allow rapid lowering of the head and foot sections in an emergency, but it is mechanical.

U.S. Patent 3,149,349 illustrates another design for a hydraulically driven hospital bed. U.S. Patent 3,281,141 illustrates a hydraulically operated surgical table. The surgical ~;' _5 lX79~
table is powered by both an electrical pump and a foot operated pump. U.S Patent 2,217,783 ~llustrates yet another hydraulically operated operating table. The operating table in this case has a dual pumplng system for the hydraulic power, havlng both an electrical and hand operated pump. U;S. Patent 4,559,655 illustrates an electr~cal operated hospital bed having a means to rapidly lower the head and foot portions in an emergency.

Summarv of ~he Invention The present ~nventlon resides in an improved hydraulic system for a hosp~tal bed. The hospital bed is of the type having a generally rig~d platform that has attached to it movable patient support~ng surfaces. The patlent support~ng surfaces are generally deslgnated as the head, thigh and leg portlons. These are movable to and from horlzontal and elevated positlons. The improved hydraulic system uses cylinders hav~ng extenslble and retractable rods attached to the movable patient surfaces to articulate these surfaces. The cyl~nders are powered by a hydraulic power source wh~ch obtains fluld from and returns fluld to a hydraulic fluid reservo~r. Control valve means are connected in the hydraulic circult to allow ~ntroduction of and removal of the hydraulic operating fluid. The cylinders can be selectively operated to allow !

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articulation of the various sections. There is also an emergency bypass hydraulic circuit means that can drain hydraulic fluid from the cylinders to the reservoir without using the control valve circuit thus allowing a faster lowering of the head, thigh and leg portions in an emergency than is allowed by normal operation through the control valve circuit.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention there is provided in combination with a hospital bed of the type having a generally rigid platform which has attached to it movable patient supporting surfaces, the movable patient supporting surfaces being movable from a generally horizontal position to an elevated position and including head, thigh and leg portions, an improved hydraulic system including: a plurality of hydraulic cylinders having extensible and retractable operating rods and having the operating rods connected to the head, leg and thigh portions, whereby movement of the operating rods will move the head, leg and thigh portions; a source of hydraulic fluid under pressure connected to the hydraulic cylinders, the source of hydraulic fluid under pressure comprising a dual power source which can be an electrically driven pump and a manually operated foot pump; a reservoir for the hydraulic fluid, the reservoir being at substantially atmospheric pressure; control valve means, connected in circuit intermediate the source of hydraulic fluid under pressurej the reservoir, and the hydraulic cylinders, selectively operable to direct hydraulic operating fluid to and from selected hydraulic cylinders to extend and retract the operating rods the control valve means comprising~ a normally closed, electrically operated extension valve connected between each of the hydraulic cylinders and the ~''' ' , , - 3a -electric pump, (ii) a normally closed, electrically operated retraction valve connected between each of the hydraulic cylinders and the reservoir, (iii) a manual selector valve, connected between the cylinders and the manually operated pump, being operable to direct hydraulic fluid from the manually operated pump to any one of the hydraulic cylinders, (iv) a normally closed, manually operated dump valve, connected to the manual selector valve and the reservoir, whereby opening of the dump valve will cause the cylinder that is connected to the manual selector valve to return the hydraulic fluid in it to the reservoir; and emergency bypass hydraulic circuit means for draining hydraulic fluid from the cylinders to the reservoir without use of the control valve means to thereby allow faster retraction of the operating rods and consequent faster lowering of the head, thigh and leg portions than is allowed by the control valve means.

Brief Description of the Drawlnqs In the Drawings:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a hospital bed of the present invention with most of its cover plates removed;
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the hospital bed of the present invention showing a patient in an elevated position;
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing the patient returned to a supine position;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the manual selection valve of the present invention;
Figure 4A is a plan view of the indicia window for the manual selection mode;
Figure 5 is a schematic circuit diagram for the hydraulic system of the present invention;

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- 4 - ~LZ 7 ~3~ 3 Flgure 6 is a side elevational view of a guard rail for the hospital bed oF the present invention; and Figure 7 is a plan view of a bed function control panel for the hospital bed of the present ~nventlon.

Deta~led D,escript~on of a Preferred Embodiment of the Inventlon Figure 1 lllustrates a hospital bed, generally designated by the numeral 10, of the type which is sold by the Hill-Rom Company, Inc.
under the des~gnatlon of Century CC hospital bed. The bed 10 111us,trated ln F~gure 1 is shown with most of the cosmetic moldings and enclosures which normally surround it removed. This is done in order to better see the hydraulic system of the present invention.
The bed 10 lncludes a base frame 12 which is made up of longitudinal members 14 and 16 whlch are tied together by a pair of transverse members only one of whlch, 18; is vis~ble in Figure 1. Attached to the base frame 12 are four large casters designated as 20. Only two of these casters are visible in F~gure 1, but it may be appreciated that the two opposing casters are on the opposite side and serve to support the frame 12 ln a mobile fashion. Two generally triangular, .

vertically extending bosses 22 and 24 are attached to the foot end of the bed 10. These bosses 22 and 24 serve as a plvot mounting for a cantilevered support arm 26. The cantilevered support arm 26 is hingedly attached to the bosses 22 and 24 through a pivot pin 28.
The cantllever arm 26 is attached at its end remote from the pivot pin 28 to two bracketst only one of whlch 30 is visible in Figure 1. The bracket 30 and its corresponding bracket on the opposite side, which ~s not visible in thls view, are attachbd to two longitudinal frame members 32 and 34. The frame members 32 and 34 are then tied together by transverse members 36 and 38 to form a rig~d platform that w111 move with the brackets 30. Also attached to the bracket 30 is a stabil~zing arm 40 wh~ch is pivoted to the boss 22. The stabilizing arm 40 moves with thE cantilevered arm 26 to prov~de a stabllizing function as the cantilevered arm 26 moves.
The cantilever arm 26 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 42 which has an extensible rod 44 that is attached to a clevis mount 46 on the cantilever arm 26. The clevis mount 46 has a pin 48 which connects the clev~s mount 46 to the rod 44. The base of the cylinder 42 is attached to the members 14 and 16. It may be appreciated that as the rod 44 is extended and retracted its movement will in turn be transferred through the clevis mount 46 and pin 48 to the cantilevered arm 26. Extension and retraction of the rod 44 will move the cantilevered arm 26 up and down. The position shown in - 6 - ~L~ L~3 Flgure 1 is an essentially fully extended or up position for the cantilevered arm 26. It may be appreciated that retraction of the rod 44 will then cause the cantilever arm 26 to retract, bringing wlth it the frame attached to the brackets 30.

As ~s the case with most hospital beds, the bed 10 has provided means for articulatlng portions of the bed to achieve various posltlons of the patient supporting surface. The patient supporting surface itself ls carrled by the longitudinal frame members 32 and 34. The patient support surface is made up of several elements.
There is a flxed seat element 50 whlch does not move. Ad~acent to the head portlon of the bed 10 there ls a head member 52 on which a patient's upper body portlon would normally rest and whlch may be artlculated from a fully down position resting on the frame numbers 32 and 34 to the fully up pos~tlon shown ~n Figure 1. The head portlon 52 ~s ralsed and lowered through a crank mechanlsm 54 that is actuated by a hydraullc cyllnder 56 havlng an extens~ble rod 58 whlch ~s attached to and drives the crank mechan~sm 54. Note that the hydraulic cylinder 56 is attached to the longltudinal frame member 32 by a bracket 60. In Figure 1, only one hydraulic cylinder 56 ls vlslble to drive the head portlon 52. However, it ~s ~referred that two hydraulic cylinders be used, one carried by the frame member 32 and the other on the opposite side carried by the .

~ 7 ~ 1279~L3 frame member 34. The second hydraulic cylinder is not visible in Figure 1, but it w~ll be shown later in describ~ng the operation of the hydraul~c circuit of the present invent~on. The head elevation funct~on would work with only one cylinder 56, but two cylinders provide a smoother motion and less chance of binding of the crank mechanism 54. Two addit~onal port~ons of the patient support surface are a thigh portion 62 and a leg portion 64. The thigh port~on 62 and leg portion 64 are pinned together so ~hat they move as a un~t. They are also plnned to the flxed seat portion 50 so that they may be eleYated as shown ~n F~gure 1. Actuat~on of the th~gh portlon 62 will cause correspondlng raislng of the leg port~on 64. The th~gh portion 62 ~s raised and lowered by a hydraullc cyllnder 66 havlng an extensible rod 68 that is attached to the th~gh portion 62. Extens~on and retraction of the rod 68 will cause corresponding movement of the thigh portlon 62 and leg portion 64.
None of the hydraul~c piping or valves necessary for operation of this system are shown in Figure 1 to avoid unnecessary complication. Figure 1 does show that a reservo~r for hydraulic flu~d 70 is carrled between the two vert~cal bosses 22 and 24. Also carried between the bosses 22 and 24 ls a power pack 72 for provid~ng electrical pumping power for the hydraul~c system and a manual pump 102. Also shown in Figure 1 are the manual operation pedals for operatlon of the hydraulic system of the present ~L'~7~4~

invention ~n a manual mode. That is, a pedal and lever 74 are marked so that a person by pump~ng on the lever 74 will provide hydraulic pressure to the system by operation of the manual pump 102. The hydraulic pressure thus provided may be directed by means of a manual selector valve 76. The manual selector valve is used only in a manual operation mode as will be shown with respect to the dlscussion of the hydraullc circuit of the present invention. The manual selector valve 76 and an emergency valve 136 a~e operated by a rotatable dial 88. To lower or to release pressure provided to the system by the manual pump lever 74, a release lever 78 is prov1ded. Standing on the release lever 78 wlll allow hydraulic pressure to be released from the system so that the components of the system may return to the~r original conf1guration.

Figures 2, 3 and 4 illustrate the CPR mode of operation of the present invention. Hydraul1c systems which provide for operat10n both manually and with electrical power are known in the art.
However, one problem ~th these systems is that they have not prov~ded for achieving a CPR mode, a mode in which the patlent is flat and on a relatively hard surface, in a short per~od of time.
In F1gure 2, the bed 10 of the present ~nvention as described in Figure l ~s shown with a patient 80 occupylng the sleep surface, hav1ng been ra~sed to ~he posit~on generally shown in Figure 1. A
headboard 82 and a footboard 84 have been added to the bed lO as g would normally be the case in use. The normal operation of the bed lO is such that it take approximately twenty seconds to raise the thigh and leg portion 62 and 64 and approximately twenty seconds to retract them to their flat pos~tion from the raised position shown in Figure 2. The head portion 52 reguires approximately thirty seconds to reach its fully elevated position shown ln Figure 2 and correspondingly approximately thlrty seconds to retract to its fully flat pos1t~on. Thus lf the patient 80 suffers a cardiac arrest and immediate CPR ls requlred, the t1me requ~red to lower the head sectlon 5Z and th~gh and leg sectlon 62 and 64 is on the order of one half minute. This time can be crltical in a emergency situat~on and needs to be lmproved upon.

Figure 3 shows the patient 80 having reached the fully flat posit10n from the position shown in Flgure 2. The present invention allows the bed in questlon to move from the posltion shown in Figure 2 to the pos~tion shown in Figure 3 when in an emergency mode ln approxlmately four to eight seconds. This is done by providing a speclal valve in the hydraullc c~rcult and a spec~al settlng on the the rotatable dial 88. F~gure 4 illustrates that one of the settlngs on the rotatable dial 88 shows a "CPR" in the indicia window 86 of the rotatable d~al 8~. The rotatable dial 88 is moved by a lever 89 which is easily grasped by a nurse or other medical staff. The manual selector valve 76 actually controls only the bed functions while a separate valve 136, discussed in detail with respect to Fig. 5, controls the emergency down function. The dial 88 and lever 89, however, are configured to show and control the CPR
function for convenience. Moving the le~/er 89 to either extreme position of the rotatable dial 88 and holding it there will cause the CPR emergency down function to take place. To avoid accidental engagement of this feature, the lever 89 must be held in place by hand. If the lever 89 is released, it will spring to one of the other positions of the manual selector valve 76. As Fig. 4A shows, other indications such as head, knee or hi/low will appear in the indicia window 86 as the rotatable dial 88 is moved to other positions indicated by the manual selector valve 76. Fig. 4A also shows the CPR indicia at the t w ends of the indicia window 86.
Note that in the movement from Figure 2 to Figure 3 the overall height of the bed 10 has not changed. The present invention does not quickly release the pressure in the cylinder 42 which raises and lowers the bed 10, because this would create an unacceptable and potentially dangerous downward movement of the patient at a critical time. Rather, all that is required is that the patient be made flat in a ~ery short period of time to allow the applicatisn of CPR.

Figure 5 shows the hydraulic circuit of the present invention in a standard hydraulic schematic form. The power pack 72 is seen to ' '' : ' : ' .
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- ll - 127~4~3 consist of an electrlc motor and a pump which provides pressure in a llne 90 that splits to feed three substantial identical solenoid operated valves 92, 94 and 96. The solenoid valve 92 which serves as an extension valve is a normally closed valve which will allow hydraul~c pressure from the line 90 to flow through an outlet line 98 to cyllnder 42 which raises the bed 10 when the valve 92 is actuated. The hydraulic cylinder q2 ~n addition to be~ng able to receive hydraullc working fluid through the valve 92 a~nd the line 98 may also be provided hydraulic working fluid through a line 100 which ls connected to the manual selector valve 76. The manual selector valve 76 can be rotated to allow hydraulic flu~d to flow from a foot operated pump 102 into any one of the hydraulic cylinders. Both the foot pump 102 and the power pack 72 obtain thelr working hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic reservoir 70. The reservolr 70 serves as a source for the hydraul~c working fluid to the entire system. Before the hydraulic fluid enters the power pack 72 it passes through a fllter 104. There ls a separate branch llne 106 which connects the reservolr 70 to the foot pump 102. As was previously noted, the foot pump 102 may be operated by the foot pedal 74. Bypasslng the pump 102 is a normally closed check valve 108. The normally closed check valve may be opened by operation of the pedal 78. When the check valve 108 is opened by operation of the foot pedal 78, fluld may return to the reservoir 70 along the line 106 by passing ~hrough selector valve 76 from any of the cylinders which have been pressurized at that point.

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Returning now to the hydrau1ic cylinder 42, the hydraulic cylinder 42 is of the single acting type. That is its rod 44 is extended by applying pressure through the line 98 to the cylinder 42. If the solenoid valve 92 is then closed, pressure will be trapped in the line 98 and the rod 44 will remain extended. To retract the rod 44, a solenoid valve 110 which is normally closed is actuated to allow fluid to flow back along the line 98 but then through a branch line 112 into the solenoid valve 110 from whence the fluid exits through a branch line 114 to retu n to the reservoir 70. With pressure trapped in the lines 98 and 112 and the solenoid valves 92 and 110 both closed, the rod 44 will stay in the position where it was placed. When the solenoid valve 110 is actuated the rod 44 will slowly retract as a result of the weight on it, and thus bring the cantilevered arm 26 downward and retract the entire bed toward the floor. It can be seen that this function is basically the same with the foot powered pump 102. The manual selector valve 76 ls set so that pressure from the foot pump 102 is directed to the cylinder 42. When the rod 44 has reached the desired extended position ceasing operation of the foot pump 102 leaves the line 100 pressuri7ed. In order to relieve the pressure, the foot pedal 78 is depressed, opening the check valve 108 and allowing pressure to return through the line 100 and line 106 to the reservoir 70.

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7~4~ f The operation of all of the cylinders, 42, 56, and 66 are all substantially identical to the operation thus described. The solenoid valves 92, 94 and 96 are all identical and may be operated from controls located on the bed 10, either in the guard rail or at the foot of the bed. The pump outlet line 90 is also connected to the inlet of the normally closed solenoid valve 94 which serves as a retraction valve. A line 116 from the normally closed solenoid valve 94 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 66 which operates the thigh and leg portions of the patient support surface. In the electrically operated mode, pressure from the pump will flow through the outlet line 90 and with the solenoid valve 94 actuated to its open positiont then flow through the line 116 to operate the cylinder 66 and extend the rod 68. This then will move the thigh portion 62 and leg portion 64 to the uprlght position shown in Figure 1. When the solenoid valve 94 is closed, pressure will remain in the line 116 and the rod 68 will remain in the position where it was placed. In order to retract the rod 68 and allow the thigh portion 62 and leg portion 64 to return to their flat position, a normally closed electrically operated solenoid valve 118 will be opened. The solenoid valve 118 is connected to a branch line 120 which is connected to the line 116. The outlet of the solenoid valve 118 ls then connected to the reservoir 70 through a hydraulic line 122. Thus, actuation of the solenoid valve 118 will allow the pressure that was present in the cylinder 66 to be released by .. . .

4~3 r-returning the hydraulic operating fluid to the reservoir 70 through the line 116, 120 and 122. This will allow the rod 68 to retract.
The alternative mode of operation of the cyl;nder 66 through the manual selector valve 76 is quite similar to that previously described with respect to the cylinder 42. The manual selector valve 76 is set at such that operation of the foot powered pump 102 by the pedal 74 will cause pressure to be exerted inside the cylinder 66 and cause actuation or extension of the rod 68. Then, opening of the check valve 108 through the foot pedal 78 will cause this pressure to be released and returned to the reservoir 70 through the line 106. Note that the line 106 serves the ~unction of both supply and return with respect to the manual operational mode.

~ hile only one cylinder 56 was shown operating the head portion 52, the actual configuration of two cylinders is shown in Figure 5.
These cylinders are designated as 56 and 56'. The cylinders 56 and 56' are both operated simultaneously through the solenoid valve 96.
The solenoid valve 96 is connected to the outlet line 90 to the power pack 72. The solenoid valve 96 is a normally closed valve and its actuation will allow pressurized operating fluid to simultaneously flow to both the cylinders 56 and 56' through an inlet line 124 and branch connectors 125 and 126. Actua~ion of the cylinders 56 and 56' will cause their respective rods 58 and 58' to be extended and raise the head portion 52 as seen in Figure 1.

~79~43 Again, pressure may be trapped in the lines 124, 125 and 126 by closlng the soleno~d valve 96 after the pressur;zed fluid has been furn7shed and the rods 58 and 58' have been extended. To release the pressure on the cyl~nders 56 and 56', a solenoid valve 128 which ls normally closed is opened. This then allows the operating fluid in the cyllnders 56 and 56' to flow through the line 124 and a branch connector 130 connected to the solenoid valve 128. When the solenoid valve 128 ~s opened, the operating fluid will then flow through ~t and out a line 132 and from there to the reservoir 70.

The solenold valves 94, 96, 118, 128, the manual selector valve 76 and the check valve 108 all serve as a first hydraulic control valve means to control function~ng of the head portion 52, thlgh portion 62, leg portion 64 and their associated operating hydraulic cyllnders. The soleno1d valves 98 and 110 and the manual selector valve 76 and the check valve 108 serve as a second hydraulic control valve means to control the bed raising and lowering cylinder 42.

One of the key features of the present inv~ntion is the ability to lower the head portion 52, the thigh portion 62 and the leg portlon 64 very quickly in the case of an emergency. The solenoid valves 118 and 128 are f~xed to allow a certain flow of hydraulic fluld through them when they are actuated. This flow is calculated to allow a relatively gradual lowerlng of the portions ~;~7~3 which they control. Thls avoids unnecessary jarr;ng and uncomfortable feelings on the part of the patient. However, ;n an emergency, the need to maintain the patient in a flat posit;on overcomes other cons~derations of comfort and ease. Therefore, a bypass clrcuit is prov~ded for emergency cases. A bypass line 134 is connected to the cylinder 66 and to an emergency CPR valve 136.
The emergency CPR valve 136 is a spring operated normally closed valve. This is a mechanical valve to allow operation' whether the bed 10 is in the electrically operated mode or in the manually operated mode. It ~s important that the valve 136 be manually operated to avoid any problems with failure of electrlcal power or accessability of electrical power. The cyl~nders 56 and 56' are also connected through a bypass line 138 to the emergency valv~
136. Both the lines 134 and 138 are tied together at the inlet to the emergency CPR valve 136. The emergency CPR valve 136 ls normally closed and the bypass llnes 134 and 138 normally have no role to play. However, should an emergency occur, actuation of the emergency valve 136 by hospital personnel will allow an immediate drain of hydraulic pressure from the cyllnders 66, 56 and 56' through the bypass lines 134 and 138, out the valve 136, and through a line 140 connected to the line 106 which returns to the reservoir 70. Check valves 142 and 144 are connected in bypass lines 138 and 134 respect~vely to prevent cross flow of hydraulic fluid when the emergency valve 13G is opened. It would be possible for pressurized fluld to bleed from line 134 into line 138 (or vice versa) when valve 136 was opened were the check valves 142 and 144 not provided.

~Z~ 3 As was previously polnted out, the normal operation t;me for the cylinder 66 is approximately twenty seconds to both extend the rod 68 and retract the rod 68. Normal operational time for the cy7~nders 56 and 56' is approximately thirty seconds. The emergency CPR valve 136 is slzed such that operation of the valve 136 will allow the cyllnders 66, 56 and 56' to completely retract in four to eight seconds. Thls means that a patient will be able to be moved from the posit~on as shown in Figure 2 to the position ~s shown in Flgure 3 in approximately four to eight seconds as opposed to approximate thirty seconds if the solenoid valve system using the valves 118 and 128 were used. Because of the speed of operation, use of the valve 136 provides a somewhat abrupt downward motion to the components of the bed 10, but lt does allow qulck positioning of the patient for performance of emergency procedures.

Figure 6 shows a sideguard 146 o~ the type usually used with the bed 10. The sldeguard 146 is the half length type and there would normally be two on each side of the bed. The side guard 146 ~s attached to the bed 10 through support brackets 148 and 149. These are connected to allow a pivoting motion of the sideguard 146 from a posltion above the frame members 32 and 34 to a position below them. The sideguard 146 has a generally continuous perimeter member 150 wh~ch ~s connected by web members 151, 152 and 153. A bed control panel 154 is positioned between the web member 152 and 153.

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~LX79443 Figure 7 shows the bed control panel 154 in more detail. The bed control panel 154 carries a number of electrical switches which control var~ous functlons. A nurse call switch 156 will activate a signal at the nursing station when pressed. Lighting switch 158 and 159 will control the room and overbed lights. A head up switch 160 wlll turn on the power pack 7Z and open the valve 96 when it is activated. This will cause the head portion 52 to be raised by the action of the cylinders 56 and 56'. A head down switch 15Z will activate the valve 128 and cause hydraullc fluid to return to the reservoir 70 and the head portion 52 to drop. A knee up switch 164 w~ll turn on the power pack 72 and open the valve 94. ~his will cause the cylinder 66 to operate and raise the thigh portlon 6Z and leg port~on 64. Conversely operation of a knee down switch 166 will open the valve 118, causing hydraullc fluid to return to the reservoir 70 and the thigh portion 62 and leg por-tion 64 to return to their horizontal position. When a bed up switch 168 is operated, the power pack 72 will operate and the valve 92 wlll be opened.
This will cause the cyl~nder 42 to operate and raise the entire bed 10. To lower the bed 10, a bed down swl * h 170 ls activated. This will cause the valve 110 to open and allow hydraulic fluid to return to the reservo~r 70.

Claims (4)

1. In combination with a hospital bed of the type having a generally rigid platform which has attached to it movable patient supporting surfaces, said movable patient supporting surfaces being movable from a generally horizontal position to an elevated position and including head, thigh and leg portions, an improved hydraulic system including:
(a) a plurality of hydraulic cylinders having extensible and retractable operating rods and having said operating rods connected to said head, leg and thigh portions, whereby movement of said operating rods will move said head, leg and thigh portions;
(b) a source of hydraulic fluid under pressure connected to said hydraulic cylinders, said source of hydraulic fluid under pressure comprising a dual power source which can be an electrically driven pump and a manually operated foot pump;
(c) a reservoir for said hydraulic fluid, said reservoir being at substantially atmospheric pressure (d) control valve means, connected in circuit intermediate said source of hydraulic fluid under pressure, said reservoir, and said hydraulic cylinders, selectively operable to direct hydraulic operating fluid to and from selected hydraulic cylinders to extend and retract said operating rods said control valve means comprising:
(i) a normally closed, electrically operated extension valve connected between each of said hydraulic cylinders and said electric pump;
(ii) a normally closed, electrically operated retraction valve connected between each of said hydraulic cylinders and said reservoir;
(iii) a manual selector valve, connected between said cylinders and said manually operated pump, being operable to direct hydraulic fluid from said manually operated pump to any one of said hydraulic cylinders;
(iv) a normally closed, manually operated dump valve, connected to said manual selector valve and said reservoir, whereby opening of said dump valve will cause said cylinder that is connected to said manual selector valve to return the hydraulic fluid in it to said reservoir; and (e) emergency bypass hydraulic circuit means for draining hydraulic fluid from said cylinders to said reservoir without use of said control valve means to thereby allow faster retraction of said operating rods and consequent faster lowering of said head, thigh and leg portions than is allowed by said control valve means.

2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said head portion is operated by two hydraulic cylinders which operates as a unit and are controlled by a single extension valve and a single retraction valve.

3. The combination of claim 1 which further includes:
(a) a hydraulic elevation cylinder having an extensible and retractable operating rod connected to said rigid platform;
(b) a base frame to which said hydraulic elevation cylinder is attached; and (c) second control valve means, connected in circuit intermediate said source of hydraulic fluid under pressure, said reservoir and said hydraulic elevation cylinder, selectively operable to direct hydraulic fluid to and from said hydraulic elevation cylinder to thereby raise and lower said rigid platform, said second control valve means being connected such that it will not allow hydraulic fluid to flow through said emergency bypass hydraulic at its chosen elevation when said emergency hydraulic circuit means is activated.

4. The combination of claim 1 wherein said emergency bypass hydraulic circuit includes:
(a) a normally closed, manually operated emergency valve, connected in circuit to all of said hydraulic cylinders and to said reservoir and bypassing said control valve means; and (b) a one way cheek valve, connected in circuit intermediate each of said hydraulic cylinders and said emergency valve and positioned to allow hydraulic fluid flow only away from said hydraulic cylinders.