CA1235161A - Vaulting apparatus, particularly a pommel horse - Google Patents
Vaulting apparatus, particularly a pommel horseInfo
- Publication number
- CA1235161A CA1235161A CA000467515A CA467515A CA1235161A CA 1235161 A CA1235161 A CA 1235161A CA 000467515 A CA000467515 A CA 000467515A CA 467515 A CA467515 A CA 467515A CA 1235161 A CA1235161 A CA 1235161A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- supporting surface
- springs
- disposed
- vaulting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B5/00—Apparatus for jumping
- A63B5/12—Bolster vaulting apparatus, e.g. horses, bucks, tables
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A supporting surface adjoining a crumple zone is provided in the upper portion of the body of a vaulting ap-paratus and is elastically spring-supported by a continuously adjustable spring system. The springs are secured to the underside of the supporting surface and a spring adjusting device is interposed at the underside of the body. The tem-per of the springs is adjusted by means of a crank. Bolts moving vertically in journals are flexible fastened to the underside of the supporting surface. The use of the present invention extends from school sports to exhibition sports.
A supporting surface adjoining a crumple zone is provided in the upper portion of the body of a vaulting ap-paratus and is elastically spring-supported by a continuously adjustable spring system. The springs are secured to the underside of the supporting surface and a spring adjusting device is interposed at the underside of the body. The tem-per of the springs is adjusted by means of a crank. Bolts moving vertically in journals are flexible fastened to the underside of the supporting surface. The use of the present invention extends from school sports to exhibition sports.
Description
~23~i~61 The present invention relates to a vaulting appear-tusk particularly a pommel horse. The vaulting apparatus is suitable for school sports as well as for training pun-poses and contests in exhibition sports.
Vaulting apparatuses padded with a felt cover, foam plastics or other materials, and externally covered with lea-then, are known. The pommel horses used in contests comprise an oblong body of quadrangular cross section and vertically adjustable legs of various structures. This type of pommel horse has not significantly changed with the exception of the legs.
A disadvantage of such vaulting apparatus is that because of the rigid supporting surface, large forces are encountered during vaulting at the instant of the vaulter bracing. These forces must be absorbed by man's supporting mechanisms, particularly his spine. These short-period high stresses are up to three times the body weight and primarily during intensive training they can thus easily result in injuries and permanent damage to the body. The fact that further developments of horse vaulting is not progressively influenced by the pommel horses used in practice at the pro-sent time, i.e., those having rigid supporting surfaces, is an additional factor. Furthermore, a pommel horse which is very similar to the conventional pommel horse and comprise en an oblong body and two concentrically arranged supports is disclosed in Russian Inventor's Certificate No. 997,693, A 63 B 5/12. The body of this pommel horse has a layer of pneumatic chambers over an oblong longitudinally extending approximately U-shaped frame, the chambers being covered by a covering. The pneumatic chambers are connected to air conduits and filled with an amount of air corresponding to the desired elasticity.
However, the presence of a source of compressed 1235~
air in the vaulting apparatus is a disadvantage. In portico-far, as this requires a stationary unit, the use of this type of vaulting apparatus is severely limited and is possible only in training centers of exhibition sports.
A supporting surface in a vaulting apparatus, for which there is an improvement in the inherent elasticity and thus a lower risk of injury because of special multi-layer construction of the padding is disclosed in Federal German Gebrauchsmuster No. 7,224,739, A 63 B 5/12. In this apparatus, a fabric requiring a small amount of material (woven glass) as the intermediate layer is so connected to the elastic padding material (foam plastics) and to the cover having such good gripping capacity by cementing, that it is non-skid.
In this apparatus, a disadvantage is that although the risk of injury is somewhat reduced by the increased eras-Taoist, the major portion of the support energy is absorbed due to the properties of the foam plastics. Furthermore, with continuous stress, the shear forces cause a relatively fast wear in the region of the bond between intermediate layers and the foam plastics, resulting in the destruction of the foam plastics immediately below the point of cementing.
A pommel horse having rocking skids whose tubular legs contain springs is disclosed in German Patent No. 446,381 This pommel horse is elastic upon rocking and bracing. The spring temper is not adjustable and, because of the relatively large moment of inertia as compared with the body weight of the gymnast, it cannot provide an additional impulse for the second phase of the vaulter's flight in. horse vaulting.
It requires a relatively great amount of energy of the gym-nest in order to throw the entire horse body into vibration.
The present invention provides a vaulting apparatus, ~Z35161 particularly a pommel horse, comprising a body and vertically adjustable legs, i.e., a pommel horse which, at the instant when the extremities of the human body are mounted thereon, causes an attenuation of the impact, and at the instant of jump off, causes an additional elastic impulse.
According to the present invention there is provided a vaulting apparatus, comprising a body supported by vertical-lye adjustable legs, a vertically adjustable supporting surface disposed in an upper portion of the body, which supporting surface is connected to a spring system, and guide elements, the elasticity of the spring system being adjustable.
Thus, according to the present invention, a support-in surface slid able in the vertical direction is disposed in the upper portion of the body of the apparatus, the sup-porting surface is connected to a spring system and guide elements, and the elasticity of the spring system is adjust-able.
The spring system may comprise one or several springs, and/or pairs of springs.
It is desirable to arrange the springs of the spring system at the supporting surface. Springs which are bent and/or curved are disposed with advantage on a slide plate secured to the supporting surface in order to transmit the forces.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the springs are arranged on the legs of the vaulting apparatus.
However, the spring system can also be disposed on the base plate of the body.
It has been found to be desirable to arrange the springs in series in the longitudinal direction or in the transverse direction, or in the form of a spring base.
:
12~3516~
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the springs of the spring system are continuously adjustable and the elasticity of the springs of the spring system may be adjusted simultaneously by means of a spindle.
It has been found that it is particularly desirable when the guide elements of the supporting surface comprise one or several bolts and one or several sliding surfaces, and the bolt is disposed on the supporting surface and the journal in the lower portion of the body.
A crumple zone can be located between the supporting surface and the lower portion of the body.
Finally, it has been found to be desirable that the entire body is so structured that it is vertically movable relative to the base plate.
The advantage of the present invention is that the serviceability properties of the vaulting apparatus are so improved that difficult movement sequences when vaulting are made possible. At the same time, the human supporting mechanism is relieved and risks of injury are reduced.
The present invention will be further illustrated hereafter by means of the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pommel horse body in accordance with one embodiment of the present in-mention;
Figure 2 is a section of the pommel horse body along the line A-A in Figure l;
Figure 3 is a front view of a horizontal bar with a bolt and journal;
Figure 4 is a section of the pommel horse body along the line B-B in Figure l;
Figure 5 is a front view of a horizontal bar with a spring;
123~;~6~
Figure 6 is a side elevation of a pommel horse body having springs disposed on the legs, in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7 is a side elevation of a pommel horse body with bent springs, in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 8 is a section of a pommel horse body along the line A-A in Figure 7.
According to Figure 1, a continuous elastic support-in surface 2 is provided in the upper region of a vaulting horse body 1 below the external padding and leather covering.
The supporting surface 2 is located above a crumple zone 3 and is elastically spring-supported by a spring system 4. The individual springs 4', taken in from the outer edge - of the pommel horse body 1, are secured below the supporting surface 2 by upper spring mounting supports 7 and by lower spring mounting supports 6, which are connected to a device 8 for the continuous adjustment of the spring temper and are disposed on a base plate 10.
The spring temper is adjusted by means of a crank 8' attached to the bottom side of the pommel horse body 1 and connected to bevel gears 8`' and spindle rods"'. Bolts 11, mounted flexibly on the underside of the supporting sun-face 2, are guided in journals 12, which are secured to the base plate 10 of the pommel horse body 1. By means of the bolts 11 and the journals 12, the supporting surface 2 is continuously kept in a horizontal position transverse to the longitudinal axis of the pommel horse body 1, and a 'horizontal displacement of the supporting surface 2 along the pommel horse body is simultaneously prevented. A spacer rod 7', which has a detent 7`' and is secured to the upper ~235161 spring mounting support 7, prevents the supporting surface
Vaulting apparatuses padded with a felt cover, foam plastics or other materials, and externally covered with lea-then, are known. The pommel horses used in contests comprise an oblong body of quadrangular cross section and vertically adjustable legs of various structures. This type of pommel horse has not significantly changed with the exception of the legs.
A disadvantage of such vaulting apparatus is that because of the rigid supporting surface, large forces are encountered during vaulting at the instant of the vaulter bracing. These forces must be absorbed by man's supporting mechanisms, particularly his spine. These short-period high stresses are up to three times the body weight and primarily during intensive training they can thus easily result in injuries and permanent damage to the body. The fact that further developments of horse vaulting is not progressively influenced by the pommel horses used in practice at the pro-sent time, i.e., those having rigid supporting surfaces, is an additional factor. Furthermore, a pommel horse which is very similar to the conventional pommel horse and comprise en an oblong body and two concentrically arranged supports is disclosed in Russian Inventor's Certificate No. 997,693, A 63 B 5/12. The body of this pommel horse has a layer of pneumatic chambers over an oblong longitudinally extending approximately U-shaped frame, the chambers being covered by a covering. The pneumatic chambers are connected to air conduits and filled with an amount of air corresponding to the desired elasticity.
However, the presence of a source of compressed 1235~
air in the vaulting apparatus is a disadvantage. In portico-far, as this requires a stationary unit, the use of this type of vaulting apparatus is severely limited and is possible only in training centers of exhibition sports.
A supporting surface in a vaulting apparatus, for which there is an improvement in the inherent elasticity and thus a lower risk of injury because of special multi-layer construction of the padding is disclosed in Federal German Gebrauchsmuster No. 7,224,739, A 63 B 5/12. In this apparatus, a fabric requiring a small amount of material (woven glass) as the intermediate layer is so connected to the elastic padding material (foam plastics) and to the cover having such good gripping capacity by cementing, that it is non-skid.
In this apparatus, a disadvantage is that although the risk of injury is somewhat reduced by the increased eras-Taoist, the major portion of the support energy is absorbed due to the properties of the foam plastics. Furthermore, with continuous stress, the shear forces cause a relatively fast wear in the region of the bond between intermediate layers and the foam plastics, resulting in the destruction of the foam plastics immediately below the point of cementing.
A pommel horse having rocking skids whose tubular legs contain springs is disclosed in German Patent No. 446,381 This pommel horse is elastic upon rocking and bracing. The spring temper is not adjustable and, because of the relatively large moment of inertia as compared with the body weight of the gymnast, it cannot provide an additional impulse for the second phase of the vaulter's flight in. horse vaulting.
It requires a relatively great amount of energy of the gym-nest in order to throw the entire horse body into vibration.
The present invention provides a vaulting apparatus, ~Z35161 particularly a pommel horse, comprising a body and vertically adjustable legs, i.e., a pommel horse which, at the instant when the extremities of the human body are mounted thereon, causes an attenuation of the impact, and at the instant of jump off, causes an additional elastic impulse.
According to the present invention there is provided a vaulting apparatus, comprising a body supported by vertical-lye adjustable legs, a vertically adjustable supporting surface disposed in an upper portion of the body, which supporting surface is connected to a spring system, and guide elements, the elasticity of the spring system being adjustable.
Thus, according to the present invention, a support-in surface slid able in the vertical direction is disposed in the upper portion of the body of the apparatus, the sup-porting surface is connected to a spring system and guide elements, and the elasticity of the spring system is adjust-able.
The spring system may comprise one or several springs, and/or pairs of springs.
It is desirable to arrange the springs of the spring system at the supporting surface. Springs which are bent and/or curved are disposed with advantage on a slide plate secured to the supporting surface in order to transmit the forces.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the springs are arranged on the legs of the vaulting apparatus.
However, the spring system can also be disposed on the base plate of the body.
It has been found to be desirable to arrange the springs in series in the longitudinal direction or in the transverse direction, or in the form of a spring base.
:
12~3516~
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the springs of the spring system are continuously adjustable and the elasticity of the springs of the spring system may be adjusted simultaneously by means of a spindle.
It has been found that it is particularly desirable when the guide elements of the supporting surface comprise one or several bolts and one or several sliding surfaces, and the bolt is disposed on the supporting surface and the journal in the lower portion of the body.
A crumple zone can be located between the supporting surface and the lower portion of the body.
Finally, it has been found to be desirable that the entire body is so structured that it is vertically movable relative to the base plate.
The advantage of the present invention is that the serviceability properties of the vaulting apparatus are so improved that difficult movement sequences when vaulting are made possible. At the same time, the human supporting mechanism is relieved and risks of injury are reduced.
The present invention will be further illustrated hereafter by means of the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pommel horse body in accordance with one embodiment of the present in-mention;
Figure 2 is a section of the pommel horse body along the line A-A in Figure l;
Figure 3 is a front view of a horizontal bar with a bolt and journal;
Figure 4 is a section of the pommel horse body along the line B-B in Figure l;
Figure 5 is a front view of a horizontal bar with a spring;
123~;~6~
Figure 6 is a side elevation of a pommel horse body having springs disposed on the legs, in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7 is a side elevation of a pommel horse body with bent springs, in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 8 is a section of a pommel horse body along the line A-A in Figure 7.
According to Figure 1, a continuous elastic support-in surface 2 is provided in the upper region of a vaulting horse body 1 below the external padding and leather covering.
The supporting surface 2 is located above a crumple zone 3 and is elastically spring-supported by a spring system 4. The individual springs 4', taken in from the outer edge - of the pommel horse body 1, are secured below the supporting surface 2 by upper spring mounting supports 7 and by lower spring mounting supports 6, which are connected to a device 8 for the continuous adjustment of the spring temper and are disposed on a base plate 10.
The spring temper is adjusted by means of a crank 8' attached to the bottom side of the pommel horse body 1 and connected to bevel gears 8`' and spindle rods"'. Bolts 11, mounted flexibly on the underside of the supporting sun-face 2, are guided in journals 12, which are secured to the base plate 10 of the pommel horse body 1. By means of the bolts 11 and the journals 12, the supporting surface 2 is continuously kept in a horizontal position transverse to the longitudinal axis of the pommel horse body 1, and a 'horizontal displacement of the supporting surface 2 along the pommel horse body is simultaneously prevented. A spacer rod 7', which has a detent 7`' and is secured to the upper ~235161 spring mounting support 7, prevents the supporting surface
2, in the position at rest, from extending upwardly.
Figure 2 is a section A-A of the pommel horse body 1, showing the bolt 11 being guided in the journal 12.
Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the bolt 11 guide Ed in the journal 12 in a horizontal bar.
Figure 4 is a section B-B of the pommel horse body 1, showing the arrangement of a pair of springs 4'.
Figure 5 shows the arrangement of a spring 4' in a horizontal bar.
Figure 6 shows a pommel horse body 1, having a continuous supporting surface 2 in the upper region below the external padding and covering. The supporting surface 2 rests on a crumple zone 3 and is elastically spring-supported by a spring system 4. The springs 4' are fastened below the supporting surface 2, at the points spaced in to-wards the centre of the pommel horse body 1, by means of upper spring mounting supports 7 and to conventional out-warmly inclined, vertically adjustable horse legs 9 by lower spring mounting supports 6. At said lower mounting supports 6, there are additionally located spring adjusting devices 8, by means of which the spring system 4 is continuously adjustable, depending on the type of vaulting and the desired amount of supporting force. For the absorption of the horn-zontal forces from the occurring supporting forces, bolts 11 are secured to the underside of the supporting surface 2. These bolts 11 are guided in journals 12 provided on a tube construction 13, located in the lower portion of the pommel horse body 1.
According to Figures 7 and 8, springs 4", preferably made of wood or plastic material, are screwed to one end of the section 10, which is preferably made of metal. The 1~35161 other end of the springs 4" is so secured to sliding plates 5, which are preferably made of a metallic or plastic mate-fiat, that there occurs a transmission of force of the springs 4" to the covering layer, which is preferably made of wood or plastic material, in the manner of an abutment effect. The spring path is determined and the elasticity of the springs 4" and regulated by adjusting spindles 14 by means of screw elements 15. Rings 16, which are preferably made of rubber or plastic materials, and are secured to the spindles 14 and spacers 17, preferably made of rubber or pies-tic material and are secured to leg connections 18, serve the function of absorbing shocks due to the dynamic vaulting loads on the body 1'.
Figure 2 is a section A-A of the pommel horse body 1, showing the bolt 11 being guided in the journal 12.
Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the bolt 11 guide Ed in the journal 12 in a horizontal bar.
Figure 4 is a section B-B of the pommel horse body 1, showing the arrangement of a pair of springs 4'.
Figure 5 shows the arrangement of a spring 4' in a horizontal bar.
Figure 6 shows a pommel horse body 1, having a continuous supporting surface 2 in the upper region below the external padding and covering. The supporting surface 2 rests on a crumple zone 3 and is elastically spring-supported by a spring system 4. The springs 4' are fastened below the supporting surface 2, at the points spaced in to-wards the centre of the pommel horse body 1, by means of upper spring mounting supports 7 and to conventional out-warmly inclined, vertically adjustable horse legs 9 by lower spring mounting supports 6. At said lower mounting supports 6, there are additionally located spring adjusting devices 8, by means of which the spring system 4 is continuously adjustable, depending on the type of vaulting and the desired amount of supporting force. For the absorption of the horn-zontal forces from the occurring supporting forces, bolts 11 are secured to the underside of the supporting surface 2. These bolts 11 are guided in journals 12 provided on a tube construction 13, located in the lower portion of the pommel horse body 1.
According to Figures 7 and 8, springs 4", preferably made of wood or plastic material, are screwed to one end of the section 10, which is preferably made of metal. The 1~35161 other end of the springs 4" is so secured to sliding plates 5, which are preferably made of a metallic or plastic mate-fiat, that there occurs a transmission of force of the springs 4" to the covering layer, which is preferably made of wood or plastic material, in the manner of an abutment effect. The spring path is determined and the elasticity of the springs 4" and regulated by adjusting spindles 14 by means of screw elements 15. Rings 16, which are preferably made of rubber or plastic materials, and are secured to the spindles 14 and spacers 17, preferably made of rubber or pies-tic material and are secured to leg connections 18, serve the function of absorbing shocks due to the dynamic vaulting loads on the body 1'.
Claims (13)
EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS
FOLLOWS:
1. A vaulting apparatus comprising a body supported by vertically adjustable legs, a vertically adjustable sup-porting surface disposed in an upper portion of the body, which supporting surface is connected to a spring system, and guide elements, the elasticity of the spring system being adjustable.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which the spring system comprises at least one spring or pair of springs.
3. An apparatus according to claim 2, in which each spring of the spring system is disposed on the supporting surface.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which each spring is a bent or curved spring, and is dis-posed on a sliding plate secured to the supporting surface for the transmission of forces.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which each spring is disposed on said legs.
6. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the springs are disposed on a base plate of the body.
7. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the springs are in series in the longitudinal direc-tion or in the transverse direction or in the form of a spring base.
8. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the springs of the spring system are continuously adjustable.
9. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the elasticity of the springs is simultaneously variable by means of a spring adjusting device.
10. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the guide elements of the supporting surface comprise at least one bolt and journal, the bolt being disposed on the supporting surface, and the journal being disposed in a lower portion of the body.
11. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which a crumple zone is located between the supporting surface and a lower portion of the body.
12. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the body is vertically moveable relative to a base plate.
13. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is a pommel horse.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD26411484A DD231011A1 (en) | 1984-06-14 | 1984-06-14 | SPRUNGGERAET, ESPECIALLY JUMPING HORSE |
| DDWPA63B/264114/5 | 1984-06-14 | ||
| DD26520084 | 1984-07-12 | ||
| DDWPA63B/265200/2 | 1984-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1235161A true CA1235161A (en) | 1988-04-12 |
Family
ID=25747897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000467515A Expired CA1235161A (en) | 1984-06-14 | 1984-11-09 | Vaulting apparatus, particularly a pommel horse |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE901031A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1235161A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2565831B1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8403337A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2795969B1 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2002-08-16 | Gymnova | ADJUSTABLE JUMP FOR SPORTS GYMNASTICS |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7224739U (en) * | 1972-09-28 | Reuther R | Elastic support for gymnastics equipment | |
| DE446381C (en) * | 1926-06-02 | 1927-07-06 | Gustav Fick | Gymnastics horse |
-
1984
- 1984-11-02 NL NL8403337A patent/NL8403337A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1984-11-09 FR FR8417090A patent/FR2565831B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-11-09 CA CA000467515A patent/CA1235161A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-11-09 BE BE0/213988A patent/BE901031A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2565831B1 (en) | 1989-01-06 |
| BE901031A (en) | 1985-03-01 |
| NL8403337A (en) | 1986-01-02 |
| FR2565831A1 (en) | 1985-12-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |