Questions tagged [multilinear-algebra]
Tensors, multivectors, wedge products, multilinear maps, exterior (Grassmann) algebras.
178 questions
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Representing tensors as algebraic sets
This is a question about elementary algebraic geometry on the edges with classical analytic geometry. So here, by an algebraic variety I mean just a solution set of a family of algebraic equations. ...
8
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171
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Finitely many orbits vs. open orbit for $\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{R})$-action on $\bigwedge^k(\mathbb{R}^n)$
This is one of those things everyone repeats, but I can’t seem to find a proof:
Let $n\in \mathbb{N}$ and $1\leqslant k\leqslant n$. Consider the standard action of $\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{R})$ on $\...
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Sets of vectors with pairwise differences having product of coordinates 1
Let $k$ be a field and $f(x_1,...,x_n)=x_1...x_n$.
$\textbf{Question:}$ what is the largest possible size of a set $S\subset k^n$ such that $f(x-y)=\pm1$ for all distinct $x,y\in S$?
The problem can ...
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Is there a structural way to show that Ridge regression is equal to a weighted average of lower dimensional models?
Let $X$ be an $n \times k$ matrix. An interesting result of Leamer and Chamberlain (1976) establishes that the Ridge estimator satisfies the following identity
\begin{equation}\label{eq:1}
\hat{\beta}...
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5
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Teaching tensor products in a 2nd linear algebra course
I want to introduce tensor products in a 2nd year in a linear algebra course. The demographics is typical: mathematics, physics, computer sciences, etc. students, who already had a course focusing on ...
8
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Understanding the Lie derivative by multivector fields
For a vector field $X$ on a manifold there are two ways to define a Lie derivative: an algebraic one using Cartan's formula $\mathcal{L}_X \alpha = i_X d \alpha + d i_X \alpha$ and a dynamical one ...
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Norm density of evaluation functionals in the space of weak$^*$ continuous multilinear functionals on products of dual Banach spaces
Let $K$ be a compact (metrizable) space and let $C(K)$ be the Banach space of continuous real-valued functions on $K$, equipped with the supremum norm. It is then well known that the dual space $C(K)^*...
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What are the conditions for the dual of the exterior algebra to be isomorphic to the exterior algebra of the dual?
The exterior algebra $\Lambda^*_kM$ can be defined for a $k$-module $M$, where $k$ is a commutative ring. A number of sources mention, without condition or proof, a (canonical) isomorphism $$(\Lambda^*...
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167
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Space of all orthogonal partially complex $2\times2\times2$ tensors
I am trying to understand the space of all orthogonal tensors, I asked a more general version of this question here but with no solution yet found. I want to look at the simplest case first, namely a $...
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Space of all orthogonal $2\times2\times2$ tensors
I am trying to understand the space of all orthogonal tensors, a question asked here before but with no real solution yet found. The solutions for order-$2$ tensors are clear so thus the simplest case ...
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Alternating forms on abelian groups
Let $G$ and $H$ be abelian groups. By an alternating form, I mean a bilinear function $A\colon G\times G\to H$ such that $A(x,x)=0$ for all $x\in G$.
Question. If $A\colon G\times G\to H$ is an ...
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Seeking insights on bounded set positive solutions for a set of linear systems in $\mathbb{R}^n$
Before delving into my query, I'd like to provide some context. Consider a continuous function $f:\mathbb{R}^{k}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^{m}$ and a compact set $\mathcal{B}\subset \mathbb{R}^{k}$ (...
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Positive 4-form
Denote by $W$ the space of all symmetric bilinear forms on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Let $Q$ be a quadratic form on $W$.
Suppose that $Q(b)\geqslant 0$ for any $b\in W$ such that $b(X,Y)=\ell(X)\cdot\ell(Y)$ ...
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Orthogonal complements in exterior powers
I previously asked this on Mathematics Stack Exchange, to no result:
Consider the standard induced inner product structure on $\wedge^k\mathbb{R}^d$ given by defining $$\langle u_1\wedge \cdots \wedge ...
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Positive quadratic polynomial
Let $S$ be solutions of a system of quadratic polynomials on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Suppose $q$ is another quadratic polynomial such that $q|_S\geqslant 0$.
Is it possible to find a polynomial $\tilde q$ ...
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299
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Linear system with matrix as a variable
I have the following two linear systems:
$$\begin{bmatrix} u_{11} & u_{12} \end{bmatrix} A = 0$$
$$\begin{bmatrix} u_{21} & u_{22} \end{bmatrix} B = 0$$
Both $A,B$ are $2 \times 2$ matrices ...
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Some kind of product of two 2d tensors to create a 3d tensor?
I recently need to apply the following concept of product of two 2d tensors to create a 3d tensor (tensors understood as generalized arrays):
given two 2d tensors $A_{m\times n}$ and $B_{n\times p}$, ...
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The conditions to determine whether multivector $\Lambda\in\wedge^k V$ is decomposable
In Section 5, Chapter 1 of the famous book "Principles of algebraic geometry" by Griffiths and Harris, there are two equivalent conditions to determine whether a multivector $\Lambda\in\...
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Automatic complete boundedness for bilinear and multilinear maps
$\newcommand{\cb}{\mathrm{cb}}$Let $T : X \rightarrow Y$ be a bounded linear map between Banach spaces. We have the following results concerning automatic complete boundedness:
$\|T : X \rightarrow \...
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Third order matrix differential norm
Suppose we have a function $f:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}$ that is at least three times differentiable. Clearly, there is a relationship between the symmetric trilinear form $$T_1=\nabla^3f(x),$$ and ...
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Etymology “Kulkarni–Nomizu product”
$\newcommand\KN{\mathbin{\bigcirc\mspace{-20mu}\wedge\mspace{3mu}}}$In the context of (pseudo)-Riemmian geometry, the Kulkarni–Nomizu product is defined to be an operation $\KN$, which takes two ...
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Waring rank of monomials, and how it depends on the ground field
The Waring rank of a degree-$d$ homogeneous polynomial $p$ is the least integer $r$ such that you can write $p$ as a linear combination of $r$ $d$-th powers of linear forms $\{\ell_k\}$:
$$
p = \sum_{...
12
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Why are these graphs coming from 9-dimensional alternating trilinear forms so symmetric?
Let $\phi(x,y,z)$ be an alternating trilinear form on a space $V$ over a field $K$.
Let $u \in \mathbb{P}(V)$ be a projective point over $V$, then we say that the rank of $u$ is equal to the rank of ...
1
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1
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167
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Is it possible to simplify the coefficient matrix for large values of $x$?
If I have a system of $8$ linear equations for the eight variables $\{\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ,\eta ,\lambda ,\xi ,\rho \}$ and with the three parameters $\{x,y,z\}$ reals and $x>0$. I want ...
4
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266
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Singular value decomposition for tensor
I am looking at (the limitation of) the extension of the singular value decomposition to tensors. I would like to show that there is a tensor $A_{i,j,k}$ that cannot be decomposed in the following ...
1
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1
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279
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Two unknowns: one vector, one scalar, one equation
I would like to know if this equation is solvable for $a$ and $\alpha$:
\begin{equation}
\Sigma = \Gamma + a \left( \alpha 1^\top + 1\alpha^\top \right) +a^2 b
\end{equation}
$\Sigma$ & $\Gamma$ ...
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130
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On comparing the nuclear norm with the Hilbert-Schmidt norm for symmetric tensors
I am interested in the special case of a symmetric tensor $T_{i_1,\ldots,i_k}$ of rank $k$, where each index, say $i_\kappa$, where $1 \leq \kappa \leq k$, runs from $1$ to $2$. The entries of such a ...
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Continuous choice of null directions for a family of bilinear forms
Let $E$ and $F$ be (real) Hilbert spaces, where $\dim E = \infty$ and $1 \leq \dim F < \infty$. Let $T : E \to \operatorname{Sym}(F \times F,\mathbb{R})$ be a continuous linear map, where $\...
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371
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Optimizing a multilinear function over the vertices of the cube
Suppose I have $n$ Boolean variables $x_1,\dots,x_n$, and an objective function of the form $f(x_1,\dots,x_n) = \sum_{a_1,\dots,a_n}c_{a_1,\dots,a_n} x_1^{a_1} \cdots x_n^{a_n}$ with $(a_1,\dots,a_n) \...
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Nontrivial Invariants of trilinear functionals
The group $\operatorname{SL}(n_1,\mathbb{C}) \times \operatorname{SL}(n_2,\mathbb{C}) \times \operatorname{SL}(n_3,\mathbb{C})$ acts on ${\mathbb C}^{n_1} \otimes {\mathbb C}^{n_2} \otimes {\mathbb C}^...
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140
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Existence of a subspace of having no isotropic 2-plane
Let $V$ be a vector space of dimension $n$ over the field $\mathbb {Q} $. A subspace $W$ is isotropic for a skew-bilinear form $\alpha$ on $V$ if $\alpha(x,y) = 0$ for all $x,y \in W$.
More ...
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The upper bounds on rank $ 2 $ real matrices
Let $ A_{n}(F) $ be the collection of all skew-symmetric matrices over the field $ F $ ($\operatorname{char} F \neq 2 $). Let M be a subspace of $ A_{n}(F) $ such that all non zero elements have rank ...
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Stabilizers of multilinear forms
Let $\{e_1,\ldots, e_n\}$ be the standard basis of $\mathbb{C}^n$. Consider the $m$-multilinear form $$v=\sum_{i=1}^n e_i^{\otimes m}\in (\mathbb{C}^n)^{\otimes m}$$
and consider the action of $\text{...
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Stabilizer of the Bryant-Harvey associative calibration
View $\mathbb{R}^{4n+4} = \mathbb{H}^{n+1}$ with its standard inner product. Right multiplication $R_I, R_J, R_K$ by the unit quaternions $I,J,K$ defines orthogonal complex structures on $\mathbb{R}^{...
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Geometric characterisation of polynomials between normed spaces
Let $(X, \| \cdot \|_X)$ $(Y, \| \cdot \|_Y)$ be normed space. A function $f \colon X \to Y$ shall be called an $n$-th degree (single variable) polynomial ($n \in \mathbb{N}\cup \{ 0\})$ if there ...
0
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83
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Solving nonlinear differential multi-variable equation with block-matrices
Here is the problem:
Given a formula $f:\mathbb{R}^{n+k}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^n$, written as $f(x_1(t),x_2(t),...,x_n(t);a1,...ak)$ with $k$ real unknown parameters $a_1,...,a_k$. For any $(a1,...ak)$,...
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Map between irreducible representations in basis given by Young tableaux
Let $V$ be a $n$-dimensional complex vector space.
Assume we have a $\mathbb C$-linear map $\varphi:\Gamma^{(a_1,\dots,a_n)}V\rightarrow \Gamma^{(b_1,\dots,b_n)}V$ between two irreducible ...
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Trivial rational solution of a system of hyperplanes
Let us consider a vector space $ V $ over $ \mathbb{Q} $ of dim $6$. We denote all the two dimensional subspace in $ V $ by $ G(2,6) $ (The Grassmanian variety). One can define a map $ p $ from $ G(2,...
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Maximal common isotropic subspace for a finite family of skewforms
Let $V$ be a vector space of dimension $n$ over a field $F$. An alternating bilinear form $\alpha\colon V \times V \rightarrow F $ will be called a skewform. A subspace $W$ is isotropic for $\alpha$...
3
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Polynomial invariant relating the circumradius and sides of a cyclic polygon
This question deals with the polynomial invariant which relates the circumradius and the squares of the sides of a cyclic polygon.
This invariant is discussed briefly in the seminal paper On the Areas ...
3
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2
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673
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$O(n)$ Polynomial invariant of symmetric tensors
I apologize in advance if this question is not up to the level of research level questions on Math overflow. I am a complete outsider to invariant theory/representation theory and would like someone ...
4
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Geometric interpretation for non-simple $k$-vectors [closed]
In geometric algebra, a simple k-blade may be defined as one which can be written as the outer product of $k$ vectors. For example, a 2-blade $A$ is one which may be factored as $A=\mathbf{a}\wedge\...
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Define an inner product between p-blades so that 0= completely orthogonal and 1=completely overlapping for their subspaces
$\DeclareMathOperator\span{span}$Denote two $p$-blades $\nu=v_1\wedge \dots \wedge v_p$ and $\omega=w_1\wedge \dots \wedge w_p$ $\in \bigwedge^p X$, where $X$ is an inner product space. How to define ...
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What is the name of this tensor?
A matrix M is usually called a hollow matrix if all of its diagonal elements are zero:
$$ M_{pp} = 0, \quad \forall \: p.
$$
We can generalize this to an $n$-way tensor T, such that:
$$ T_{p_1 \cdots ...
5
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295
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Pseudo-tensor- and tensor-densities: Sections of what bundle?
Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a smooth manifold. A tensor field is then usually defined to be a section of the tensor bundle
$$\bigotimes_{i=1}^{p}T\mathcal{M}\otimes\bigotimes_{i=1}^{q}T^{\ast}\mathcal{M}.$$
...
3
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316
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Eigenvectors of a tensor in $\mathbb{C}^2 \otimes \mathbb{C}^2 \otimes \mathbb{C}^2$
I want to find the critical point of tensor $f=a_0b_0c_0 + a_1b_1c_1$ in $\mathbb{C}^2 \otimes \mathbb{C}^2 \otimes \mathbb{C}^2$, and I followed this construction:
First, I take the following partial ...
9
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1
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457
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Kulkarni-Nomizu square root of the Riemann tensor
Given a Riemann tensor $Riem$, what are conditions such that $Riem=B\star B$ for some bilinear symmetric form $B$, where $\star$ is the Kulkarni-Nomizu product? It follows from the proof of ...
7
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1
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Strategies for bounding the spectral norm of a tensor?
Let $A$ be a symmetric $k$-tensor over a real or complex vector field $W$. We may define its spectral norm $|A|$ by
$$|A| = \sup_{v\in W} \frac{|\langle A,x^{\otimes k}\rangle|}{|x|_2^k}.$$
(...
1
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1
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259
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Existence of matrices in the field $\mathbb{F}_2$ with some invertibility properties
All the matrices in this statement are in the field $\mathbb{F}_2$. Let $I$ be the identity matrix of size $10 \times 10$ and let $e_1$, $e_2$, $\ldots$, $e_{10}$ denote its rows. For $i\in \{1,5 \}$, ...
2
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1
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119
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Existence of a matrix in $\mathbb{F}_2$ with some invertibility properties
All the matrices in this statement are in the field $\mathbb{F}_2$. Let $I$ be the identity matrix of size $10 \times 10$. What are all the possible $n$ ($\geq 6$) for which
there exists a matrix $X$ ...