Kopumbwa na makambo oyo ezali na kati

Allergie

Útá Wikipedia.

Ba allergie, eyebani lisusu bo makono ya allergie, yango ezali mitindo ndenge na ndenge kowuta na hypersensibilité ya bokengi ya nzoto na eloko songolo ya nzinga nzinga eye mingi mpeza ememaka mua nkokoso epayi ya batu ebele.[1] Makono yango mazali rhume de foins, ba allergie ya bilei, nkokoso ya loposo, allergie ya maladi ya mpema, mpe anaphylaxie.[2] Bilembo bikoki kozala miso motane, mokosa na loposo, kotangisa miyoyo, mpema mokuse, to kovimba vimba.[3] Nzoto koboya bilei na intoxication ya bilei eza mitindo ya ndenge mosusu.[4][5]

Ba allèrgenes oyo eyebani mingi eza pollen na bilei. Mabende mpe biloko misusu ekoki mpe komema nkokoso.[1] Bilei, koswama na ba insect, mpe nkisi yango eza ntina eye eyebani mingi mpo na ba réaction ya makasi. Bozalisami ya makono oyo ewutaka na ba facteur génétique mpe na nzinga nzinga.[6] Lolenge loye bokono eyelaka ezwaka ba anticorps ya immoglobule E (IgE), eteni ya bokengi ya nzoto, kolingama na allèrgene ioko mpe nasima na récepteur moko na mastocyte to na basophile epayi wapi efongolaka nzela ya bosopani ya ba élément chimique ya inflammation neti histamine.[7] Mingi mpeza diagnostic esalemaka kolandana na lisitwale ya bokolungunu ya mutu. Ba teste misusu ya loposo to makila ekoki kozala ya litomba mpo na batu songolo to pakala.[5] Ba teste ya positif, ntango mususu ekolinga koloba te ete allergie ya monene eza na eloko eye bazali kotala.[8]

Kozwama na eleko songolo na biye bikoki kozala ba allèrgene ekoki ntango mosusu mpe kobatela mutu.[9] Ba traitement mpo na ba allergies eza koboya ba allèrgens oyo esili koyebana mpe komela ba nkisi neti ba stéroïde na ba antihistamine.[10] Mpo na baye baza na ba réaction ya makasi esengeli bazwa tonga ya adrenaline (epinephrine).[11] Immunotherapie ya allergène, ememaka batu malembe malembe na bozwi mitango minene ya ba allèrgene, yango ezalaka ya litomba mpo na lolenge songolo ya ba allergie neti rhume de foins mpe na ba reaction ya koswama na ba insect. Bosaleli yango mpo na ba allergie ya bilei eyebani malamu te.[10]

Ba allergie ezwaka batu ndenge na ndenge.[12] Na pays dévloppés, pene na 20% ya batu batungisamaka na rhinite allergique,[13] pene na 6% ya batu baza na ata allergie moko ya bilei,[5][9] mpe pene na 20% baza na nkokoso ya loposo na eleko songolo ya bomoyi.[14] Kolandana na mboka songolo to pakala pene na 1 na 18% ya batu baza na maladi ya mpema.[15] Anaphylaxie ekomelaka kati ya 0.05–2% ya batu.[16] Motango ya makono mingi ya allergie momonani neti mozali komata.[11][17] Liloba "allergie" lilobamaki mbala ya yambo na Clemens von Pirquet na mobu ya 1906.[6]

References

[kokoma | kobɔngisa mosólo]
  1. 1 2 (en) Thomas H. McConnell, The nature of disease : pathology for the health professions, Baltimore, Mar., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,‎ 2007 (ISBN 978-0-7817-5317-3, lire en ligne), p. 159
  2. ↑ "Types of Allergic Diseases". May 29, 2015. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/allergicdiseases/Pages/allergic-diseases-types.aspx. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  3. ↑ "Environmental Allergies: Symptoms". April 22, 2015. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/environmental-allergies/Pages/symptoms.aspx. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
  4. ↑ Bahna SL (Dec 2002). "Cow's milk allergy versus cow milk intolerance.". Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology 89 (6 Suppl 1): 56–60. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62124-2. PMID 12487206.
  5. 1 2 3 "Food Allergy An Overview" (pdf). July 2012. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/foodAllergy/Documents/foodallergy.pdf.
  6. 1 2 Kay AB (2000). "Overview of 'allergy and allergic diseases: with a view to the future'". Br. Med. Bull. 56 (4): 843–64. doi:10.1258/0007142001903481. PMID 11359624.
  7. ↑ "How Does an Allergic Response Work?". April 21, 2015. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/allergicdiseases/Pages/allergic-Response.aspx. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  8. ↑ Cox L, Williams B, Sicherer S, Oppenheimer J, Sher L, Hamilton R, Golden D (December 2008). "Pearls and pitfalls of allergy diagnostic testing: report from the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Specific IgE Test Task Force". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 101 (6): 580–92. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60220-7. PMID 19119701.
  9. 1 2 Sicherer, SH.; Sampson, HA. (Feb 2014). "Food allergy: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.". J Allergy Clin Immunol 133 (2): 291–307; quiz 308. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.020. PMID 24388012.
  10. 1 2 "Allergen Immunotherapy". April 22, 2015. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/allergicdiseases/Pages/allergen-immunotherapy.aspx. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  11. 1 2 Simons FE (October 2009). "Anaphylaxis: Recent advances in assessment and treatment". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 124 (4): 625–36; quiz 637–8. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.025. PMID 19815109. https://secure.muhealth.org/~ed/students/articles/JAClinImmun_124_p0625.pdf.
  12. ↑ "Allergic Diseases". May 21, 2015. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/allergicdiseases/Pages/default.aspx. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  13. ↑ Wheatley, LM; Togias, A (29 January 2015). "Clinical practice. Allergic rhinitis.". The New England Journal of Medicine 372 (5): 456–63. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1412282. PMID 25629743.
  14. ↑ Thomsen, SF (2014). "Atopic dermatitis: natural history, diagnosis, and treatment.". ISRN allergy 2014: 354250. doi:10.1155/2014/354250. PMID 25006501.
  15. ↑ "Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention" (PDF). Global Initiative for Asthma. 2011. pp. 2–5. http://www.ginasthma.org/uploads/users/files/GINA_Report2011_May4.pdf.
  16. ↑ (en) Leslie C. Grammer, Patterson's Allergic Diseases, 7,‎ 2012 (ISBN 978-1-4511-4863-3, lire en ligne)
  17. ↑ Anandan C, Nurmatov U, van Schayck OC, Sheikh A (February 2010). "Is the prevalence of asthma declining? Systematic review of epidemiological studies". Allergy 65 (2): 152–67. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02244.x. PMID 19912154.
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