Karl Minke

The Effects of Student Tutors on Learning by Unit Mastery Instructional Methods

Psychological Record, Oct 1, 1974

In a section of an introductory psychology course employing unit-mastery learning procedures, sma... more In a section of an introductory psychology course employing unit-mastery learning procedures, small groups of students were assigned to individual tutors for testing and tutoring. In 2 other sections unassigned groups of tutors were made available to students. Relative to the latter sections, the individually tutored students performed at a higher level in a nurnber of respects on the unit quizzes, earned higher course grades, and expressed more favorable attitudes toward their tutors. The results were interpreted in terms of interactions between the reinforcing value of the tutors and the types of student-tutor relationships which evolved in the testing situation.

format_quoteThe Experimental group had significantly higher A's compared to controls (X² = 6.02, p < .02) and fewer requests for incompletes.format_quote

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The Grammatical Form Class of Verbs and the Operant Conditioning of Word Classes. Report from the Motivated Learning Project

An analysis of part-of-speech membership was made utilizing certain mechanisms that have been pro... more An analysis of part-of-speech membership was made utilizing certain mechanisms that have been proposed to explain the nature of word classes. It was proposed that words of the same form class constitute "verbal habit families" on the basis of either a common grammatical meaning response, a common affix, or a common label (e.g., "verb"). One implication of this model was that sentences may be regarded as sequences of grammatical habit families. Three experiments tested two derivations from the model. Experiments one and two indicated that, under certain circumstances, words classified as verbs do indeed constitute a word response class. Experiment three tested the hypothesis that a novel word will gain verb properties by being paired with other verbs. The results of this experiment indicated that the greater tLe number of times a nonsense syllable was paired with verbs, the less often it was used as a verb in a sentence completion task. This result, contradictory to the hypothesis, did not appear incompatible with the model developed, but further research is needed for an adequate evaluation.

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Deprivation-satiation and strength of attitude conditioning: A test of attitude-reinforcer-discriminative theory

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1972

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Conferencias Sobre Psicologia

Gaceta UNAM (1970-1979), Jan 31, 1977

CON LA FINALIDAD DE CONMEMORAR SU CUARTO ANO DE EXISTENCIA, LA FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA DE LA UNAM ... more CON LA FINALIDAD DE CONMEMORAR SU CUARTO ANO DE EXISTENCIA, LA FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA DE LA UNAM ORGANIZO EL CICLO DE CONFERENCIAS "PERSPECTIVAS DE LA PSICOLOGIUA EXPERIMENTAL CONTEMPORANEA", EN EL QUE PARTICIPARON DISTINGUIDOS PSICOLOGOS DE TODO EL MUNDO COMO TODD R. RISLEY, CATEDRATICO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE KANSAS, Y KARL A. MINKE, CATEDRATICO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE HAWAI, EL PRIMERO DISERTO SOBRE LA EDUCACION INFANTIL Y LA FALTA DE DIALOGO ENTRE PADRES E HIJOS, MIENTRAS EL SEGUNDO SOBRE METODOS DE ENSENANZA Y PROBLEMAS DE APROVECHAMIENTO EN LOS ADOLESCENTES.

Long-Term Retention of Conditioned Attitudes

The extent to which semantic differential ratings of trigrams remain consistent over a four-week ... more The extent to which semantic differential ratings of trigrams remain consistent over a four-week retention period followinf, pairing with positive or negative attitudinal words was determined. The trigrams initially served as stimulus items in a paired associate list consisting of both positive and negative evaluative response terms; and rating and recall periods were presented to five independent groups at the end of zero, ore, two, three, and four-week retention intervals. The mean ratings for syllables paired with positive words and the syllables paired with negative words tended to converge across the four-week retention period. However, when the ratings were adjusted for the number of associates recalled, either statistically or experi.entally, no evidence of systematic change in the ratings across time was obtained. These results were interpreted as supporting a classical conditioning interpretation of attitude formation as opposed to a word association inter?retation.

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A behavioral experimental analysis of dyslexia

Behaviour Research and Therapy, 1978

Two groups six children (aged 9 and 10 years) were given either traditional remedial reading trea... more Two groups six children (aged 9 and 10 years) were given either traditional remedial reading treatment or behavioral therapy consisting of the Staats motivated Action Reading Technique. The method involved positive reinforcement for correct responses during three phases of instruction: individual word phase, oral reading phase, and silent reading and comprehension phase.'Both dyslexic and non-dyslexic Ss receiving the behavioral intervention significantly improved in reading' achievement to approximately the same degree, and the dyslexic Ss improved in several perceptual and attentional measures as well. Results supported the theory that dyslexia can be viewed as a function of deficient learning history.

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A token-reinforcement remedial reading program administered by black therapy-technicians to problem black children

Behavior Therapy, Aug 1, 1970

ABSTRACT Reading materials in a stimulus-response presentation procedure combined with a token-re... more ABSTRACT Reading materials in a stimulus-response presentation procedure combined with a token-reinforcement motivational system were employed with 32 black, ghetto children in a remedial program administered by black subprofessional therapytechnicians supervised by a behaviorally trained teacher. The children, who were problem learners—many considered to be emotionally disturbed, antisocial, or retarded—attended well, worked hard, and learned well in the 4- to 5-month program. There were two types of dependent measures: behavioral measures consisting of detailed recordings of the responses each child made, the reinforcers received, the words learned and retained, and the like; and test data. The results showed the procedures and reinforcement system employed to be significantly effective in producing improved attention and work behaviors in these usually intractable children and in the utilization and upgrading of unemployed black adults. However, although 40.2 hr of training was not deemed sufficient to remediate long standing cases of educational failure, the results suggest that longer, more intensive programs of the present type could make important contributions to solution of the social problems involved as well as to the study of human learning.

A Reinforcer System and Experimental Procedure for the Laboratory Study of Reading Acquisition1

Child Development, Mar 1, 1964

Three 4-year-old children were introduced to a laboratory pro-cedure for the controlled presentat... more

Operant Conditioning of A Class of Word Associates

Journal of General Psychology, 1966

Abstract : The 25 most common word associates to the word MUSIC were presented, one at a time, to... more Abstract : The 25 most common word associates to the word MUSIC were presented, one at a time, to a group of Ss, each MUSIC associate being paired with two control words. Ss were instructed to say aloud one of the words on each card. Experimental Ss were reinforced each time they emitted one of the word associates to MUSIC; none of the responses of control Ss were reinforced. The results indicated that the associates to the word MUSIC constitute a response class, i.e., reinforcing certain of these associates increases the probability of further associates occurring. A tentative S-R analysis of this phenomenon was suggested in terms of complex interassociations among these word associates. (Author)

Statistics and Methodology Courses: Interdepartmental Variability in Undergraduate Majors' First Enrollments

Teaching of Psychology, 2006

Transcripts of 784 psychology alumni from 4 universities revealed that students' timing of fi... more Transcripts of 784 psychology alumni from 4 universities revealed that students' timing of first enrollments in a statistics or methodology course was the result of an interaction between personal preferences and differences in program requirements. Where only a single methodological course was mandatory, first enrollments were especially late in students' careers. In departments having multiple methodological requirements, negative correlations between the timing of first method course versus first content course (e.g., clinical, developmental) indicated that the precedence of 1 category meant a delay for the other. We offer recommendations for increasing students' direct early exposure to scientific methodology in psychology.

A Reinforcer System and Experimental Procedure for the Laboratory Study of Reading Acquisition

Child Development, Mar 1, 1964

Three 4-year-old children were introduced to a laboratory pro-cedure for the controlled presentat... more

Meaning Established by Classical Conditioning Controlling Associates to the UCS

Journal of General Psychology, Oct 1, 1963

... Copyright, 1963, by The Journal Press. 1 This article arose from research sponsored by the Of... more

Fixed and Ascending Criteria for Unit Mastery Learning

Journal of Educational Psychology, Feb 1, 1975

The Early Development of Verbal Mediation in Children: An Inter-Paradigm Comparison. Theoretical Paper No. 21. Report from the Motivated Learning Project

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The Use of Generalization Gradients for the Study of Mediational Processes

Journal of General Psychology, 1984

In Experiment I three groups (N = 60 college students) were presented with a 60° training stimulu... more In Experiment I three groups (N = 60 college students) were presented with a 60° training stimulus (TS) and subsequently tested for generalization along a line-tilt dimension with the use of an asymmetrical test series. During training, one group labeled the TS with a high-imagery word, another with a low-imagery word, while a third served as a no-label control. While

Principal Investigator

The extent to which semantic differential ratings of trigrams remain consistent over a four-week ... more The extent to which semantic differential ratings of trigrams remain consistent over a four-week retention period followinf, pairing with positive or negative attitudinal words was determined. The trigrams initially served as stimulus items in a paired associate list consisting of both positive and negative evaluative response terms; and rating and recall periods were presented to five independent groups at the end of zero, ore, two, three, and four-week retention intervals. The mean ratings for syllables paired with positive words and the syllables paired with negative words tended to converge across the four-week retention period. However, when the ratings were adjusted for the number of associates recalled, either statistically or experi.entally, no evidence of systematic change in the ratings across time was obtained. These results were interpreted as supporting a classical

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Statistics and Methodology Courses: Interdepartmental Variability in Undergraduate Majors' First Enrollments

Teaching of Psychology - TEACH PSYCHOL, 2006

Transcripts of 784 psychology alumni from 4 universities revealed that students' timing of fi... more Transcripts of 784 psychology alumni from 4 universities revealed that students' timing of first enrollments in a statistics or methodology course was the result of an interaction between personal preferences and differences in program requirements. Where only a single methodological course was mandatory, first enrollments were especially late in students' careers. In departments having multiple methodological requirements, negative correlations between the timing of first method course versus first content course (e.g., clinical, developmental) indicated that the precedence of 1 category meant a delay for the other. We offer recommendations for increasing students' direct early exposure to scientific methodology in psychology.

Reinforcement variables in the control of unit reading responses1

Journal of The Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1964

A reinforcer system and experimental procedure for the laboratory study of reading acquisition

Child Development, 1964

Three 4-year-old children were introduced to a laboratory pro-cedure for the controlled presentat... more

Meaning established by classical conditioning controlling associates to the UCS

The Journal of General …, 1963

... Copyright, 1963, by The Journal Press. 1 This article arose from research sponsored by the Of... more

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