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<meta name="description" content="MySQL is an open source database often used by Python developers for storing and retrieving data.">
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<title>MySQL - Full Stack Python</title>
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<h1>MySQL</h1>
<p>MySQL is an open source <a href="/databases.html">relational database</a>
implementation for storing and retrieving data.</p>
<p><img src="/img/mysql.png" width="100%" alt="MySQL logo." class="technical-diagram" /></p>
<h2>MySQL or PostgreSQL?</h2>
<p>MySQL is a viable open source database implementation for Python web
applications. MySQL has a slightly easier initial learning curve than
<a href="/postgresql.html">PostgreSQL</a>. However, PostgreSQL's design is often
preferred by Python web developers, especially when data migrations are
run as an application evolves.</p>
<div class="well see-also">MySQL is an implementation of the <a href="/databases.html">relational database</a> concept. Learn more in the <a href="/data.html">data</a> chapter or view the <a href="/table-of-contents.html">table of contents</a> for all topics.</div>
<h2>What organizations use MySQL?</h2>
<p>The database is deployed in production at some of the highest
trafficked sites such as
<a href="https://blog.twitter.com/2012/mysql-twitter">Twitter</a>,
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/notes/facebook-engineering/mysql-and-database-engineering-mark-callaghan/10150599729938920">Facebook</a>
and <a href="http://www.mysql.com/customers/">many others major organizations</a>.
However, since
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL_AB">MySQL AB</a>, the company that
developed MySQL, was purchased by Sun Microsystems (which was in turn
purchased by Oracle), there have been major defections away from the
database by
<a href="http://www.zdnet.com/wikipedia-moving-from-mysql-to-mariadb-7000008912/">Wikipedia</a>
and <a href="http://readwrite.com/2013/09/14/google-waves-goodbye-to-mysql-in-favor-of-mariadb">Google</a>.
MySQL remains a viable database option but I always recommend new Python
developers learn PostgreSQL if they do not already know MySQL.</p>
<h3>MySQL resources</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://designm.ag/tutorials/28-beginners-tutorials-for-learning-about-mysql-databases/">28 Beginner's Tutorials for Learning about MySQL Databases</a>
is a curated collection on various introductory MySQL topics.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>This tutorial shows how to install <a href="http://www.cs.wcupa.edu/rkline/index/mysql-lin.html">MySQL on Ubuntu</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://moderndata.plot.ly/graph-data-from-mysql-database-in-python/">Graph Data From MySQL Database in Python</a>
is an interesting study with code of how to pull data out of MySQL and graph
the data with Plotly.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://engineering.pinterest.com/blog/open-sourcing-pinterest-mysql-management-tools">Pinterest open sourced many of their MySQL tools</a>
to manage instances of the database.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://www.userlike.com/en/blog/2015/10/09/bye-by-mysql-and-mongodb-guten-tag-postgresql">Bye Bye MySQL & MongoDB, Guten Tag PostgreSQL</a>
goes into details for why the company Userlike migrated from their MySQL
database setup to PostgreSQL.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://blog.ionelmc.ro/2014/12/28/terrible-choices-mysql/">Terrible Choices: MySQL</a>
is a blog post about specific deficiencies in MySQL's implementation that
hinder its usage with Django's ORM.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://nylas.com/blog/growing-up-with-mysql/">Growing up with MySQL</a> is
a story about how one company went through dramatic growth and had to keep
up with it by quickly scaling their MySQL database.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/monitoring-mysql-performance-metrics/">Monitoring MySQL metrics</a>
is the first of a three part series, with the other parts on
<a href="https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/collecting-mysql-statistics-and-metrics/">collecting metrics</a>
and
<a href="https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/mysql-monitoring-with-datadog/">monitoring & collecting specifically with the DataDog tool</a>. The series explains what
metrics you should be collecting and monitoring in your production
database along with the purpose for why those metrics are important.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Learn more about data or go to web frameworks?</h3>
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<p class="under-btn">What're these NoSQL data stores hipster developers keep talking about?</p> </div>
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<a href="/introduction.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>1. Introduction</a><a href="/learning-programming.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Learning Programming</a><a href="/why-use-python.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Why Use Python?</a><a href="/python-2-or-3.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Python 2 or 3?</a><a href="/enterprise-python.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Enterprise Python</a><a href="/best-python-resources.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Best Python Resources</a><a href="/best-python-videos.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Best Python Videos</a><a href="/development-environments.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>2. 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Web Development</a><a href="/web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Web Frameworks</a><a href="/django.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Django</a><a href="/flask.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Flask</a><a href="/bottle.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Bottle</a><a href="/pyramid.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Pyramid</a><a href="/morepath.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Morepath</a><a href="/other-web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Other Web Frameworks</a><a href="/web-design.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Web Design</a><a href="/cascading-style-sheets.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)</a><a href="/javascript.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>JavaScript</a><a href="/websockets.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>WebSockets</a><a href="/template-engines.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Template Engines</a><a href="/web-application-security.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Web Application Security</a><a href="/static-site-generator.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Static Site Generators</a><a href="/jinja2.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Jinja2</a><a href="/data.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>5. Data</a><a href="/databases.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Relational Databases</a><a href="/no-sql-datastore.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>NoSQL Data Stores</a><a href="/object-relational-mappers-orms.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>Object-relational Mappers</a><a href="/postgresql.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>PostgreSQL</a><a href="/mysql.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item active" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>MySQL</a><a href="/sqlite.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>SQLite</a><a href="/application-programming-interfaces.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>6. Web APIs</a><a href="/api-integration.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>API Integration</a><a href="/api-creation.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left: 27px;'>API Creation</a><a href="/deployment.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>7. 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<a href="/application-programming-interfaces.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item " style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>6. Web APIs</a><a href="/deployment.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item " style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>7. Deployment</a><a href="/testing.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item " style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>8. Testing</a><a href="/what-full-stack-means.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item " style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>9. Meta</a> <a href="/table-of-contents.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",san-serif;background-color:#22B24C; color: #fff;'>...or <span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;">view the full table of contents</span>.</a>
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