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Copy pathsample.py
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665 lines (578 loc) · 26 KB
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import _remote_debugging
import contextlib
import os
import statistics
import sys
import sysconfig
import time
from collections import deque
lazy from _colorize import get_colors
from .pstats_collector import PstatsCollector
from .stack_collector import CollapsedStackCollector, FlamegraphCollector
from .heatmap_collector import HeatmapCollector
from .gecko_collector import GeckoCollector
from .binary_collector import BinaryCollector
@contextlib.contextmanager
def _pause_threads(unwinder, blocking):
"""Context manager to pause/resume threads around sampling if blocking is True."""
if blocking:
unwinder.pause_threads()
try:
yield
finally:
unwinder.resume_threads()
else:
yield
from .constants import (
PROFILING_MODE_WALL,
PROFILING_MODE_CPU,
PROFILING_MODE_GIL,
PROFILING_MODE_ALL,
PROFILING_MODE_EXCEPTION,
)
from ._format_utils import fmt
try:
from .live_collector import LiveStatsCollector
except ImportError:
LiveStatsCollector = None
_FREE_THREADED_BUILD = sysconfig.get_config_var("Py_GIL_DISABLED") is not None
# Minimum number of samples required before showing the TUI
# If fewer samples are collected, we skip the TUI and just print a message
MIN_SAMPLES_FOR_TUI = 200
# Maximum number of consecutive identical samples to keep before flushing.
MAX_PENDING_SAMPLES = 8192
def _resolve_python_pid(pid):
"""On Windows, if pid is a venvlauncher process, return the child Python PID.
The venvlauncher (used as python.exe in venvs) spawns the real Python
interpreter as a child process via CreateProcessW. The RemoteUnwinder
needs the child's PID, not the launcher's.
Returns the original pid if not on Windows, not a venv launcher,
or no child process is found.
"""
if os.name != "nt" or sys.prefix == sys.base_prefix:
return pid
try:
children = _remote_debugging.get_child_pids(pid, recursive=False)
python_children = [
child for child in children
if _remote_debugging.is_python_process(child)
]
if len(python_children) == 1:
return python_children[0]
except (OSError, RuntimeError) as err:
raise SystemExit(
f"Failed to initialize profiler from virtualenv: {err}\n"
f"Try running with the base interpreter: {sys._base_executable}"
) from err
return pid
class SampleProfiler:
def __init__(self, pid, sample_interval_usec, all_threads, *, mode=PROFILING_MODE_WALL, native=False, gc=True, opcodes=False, skip_non_matching_threads=True, collect_stats=False, blocking=False):
self.pid = _resolve_python_pid(pid)
self.sample_interval_usec = sample_interval_usec
self.all_threads = all_threads
self.mode = mode # Store mode for later use
self.collect_stats = collect_stats
self.blocking = blocking
try:
self.unwinder = self._new_unwinder(native, gc, opcodes, skip_non_matching_threads)
except RuntimeError as err:
raise SystemExit(err) from err
# Track sample intervals and total sample count
self.sample_intervals = deque(maxlen=100)
self.total_samples = 0
self.realtime_stats = False
def _new_unwinder(self, native, gc, opcodes, skip_non_matching_threads):
kwargs = {}
if _FREE_THREADED_BUILD or self.all_threads:
kwargs['all_threads'] = self.all_threads
else:
kwargs['only_active_thread'] = bool(self.all_threads)
return _remote_debugging.RemoteUnwinder(
self.pid,
mode=self.mode,
native=native,
gc=gc,
opcodes=opcodes,
skip_non_matching_threads=skip_non_matching_threads,
cache_frames=True,
stats=self.collect_stats,
**kwargs
)
def _get_stack_trace(self, async_aware=None):
with _pause_threads(self.unwinder, self.blocking):
if async_aware == "all":
return self.unwinder.get_all_awaited_by()
if async_aware == "running":
return self.unwinder.get_async_stack_trace()
return self.unwinder.get_stack_trace()
def dump_stack(self, *, async_aware=None):
"""Return a single stack snapshot from the target process."""
return self._get_stack_trace(async_aware=async_aware)
def sample(self, collector, duration_sec=None, *, async_aware=False):
sample_interval_sec = self.sample_interval_usec / 1_000_000
num_samples = 0
errors = 0
interrupted = False
running_time_sec = 0
start_time = next_time = time.perf_counter()
last_sample_time = start_time
realtime_update_interval = 1.0 # Update every second
last_realtime_update = start_time
aggregating = getattr(collector, 'aggregating', False) is True
prev_stack = None
pending_count = 0
pending_timestamps = [] if aggregating else None
def flush_pending():
nonlocal pending_count, pending_timestamps
if pending_count == 0:
return
pending_count = 0
ts = pending_timestamps
pending_timestamps = []
collector.collect(prev_stack, timestamps_us=ts)
try:
while duration_sec is None or running_time_sec < duration_sec:
# Check if live collector wants to stop
if hasattr(collector, 'running') and not collector.running:
break
current_time = time.perf_counter()
current_time_us = int(current_time * 1_000_000)
if next_time > current_time:
sleep_time = (next_time - current_time) * 0.9
if sleep_time > 0.0001:
time.sleep(sleep_time)
elif next_time < current_time:
try:
stack_frames = self._get_stack_trace(
async_aware=async_aware
)
if aggregating:
if stack_frames != prev_stack:
flush_pending()
prev_stack = stack_frames
pending_count += 1
pending_timestamps.append(current_time_us)
if pending_count >= MAX_PENDING_SAMPLES:
flush_pending()
else:
collector.collect(stack_frames)
except ProcessLookupError as e:
running_time_sec = current_time - start_time
break
except (RuntimeError, UnicodeDecodeError, MemoryError, OSError):
flush_pending()
collector.collect_failed_sample()
errors += 1
prev_stack = None
except Exception as e:
if not _is_process_running(self.pid):
break
raise e from None
# Track actual sampling intervals for real-time stats
if num_samples > 0:
actual_interval = current_time - last_sample_time
self.sample_intervals.append(
1.0 / actual_interval
) # Convert to Hz
self.total_samples += 1
# Print real-time statistics if enabled
if (
self.realtime_stats
and (current_time - last_realtime_update)
>= realtime_update_interval
):
self._print_realtime_stats()
last_realtime_update = current_time
last_sample_time = current_time
num_samples += 1
next_time += sample_interval_sec
running_time_sec = time.perf_counter() - start_time
except KeyboardInterrupt:
interrupted = True
running_time_sec = time.perf_counter() - start_time
print("Interrupted by user.")
finally:
flush_pending()
# Clear real-time stats line if it was being displayed
if self.realtime_stats and len(self.sample_intervals) > 0:
print() # Add newline after real-time stats
sample_rate = num_samples / running_time_sec if running_time_sec > 0 else 0
error_rate = (errors / num_samples) * 100 if num_samples > 0 else 0
expected_samples = int(running_time_sec / sample_interval_sec)
missed_samples = (expected_samples - num_samples) / expected_samples * 100 if expected_samples > 0 else 0
# Don't print stats for live mode (curses is handling display)
is_live_mode = LiveStatsCollector is not None and isinstance(collector, LiveStatsCollector)
if not is_live_mode:
s = "" if num_samples == 1 else "s"
print(f"Captured {num_samples:n} sample{s} in {fmt(running_time_sec, 2)} seconds")
print(f"Sample rate: {fmt(sample_rate, 2)} samples/sec")
print(f"Error rate: {fmt(error_rate, 2)}")
# Print unwinder stats if stats collection is enabled
if self.collect_stats:
self._print_unwinder_stats()
if isinstance(collector, BinaryCollector):
self._print_binary_stats(collector)
# Pass stats to flamegraph collector if it's the right type
if hasattr(collector, 'set_stats'):
collector.set_stats(self.sample_interval_usec, running_time_sec, sample_rate, error_rate, missed_samples, mode=self.mode)
if num_samples < expected_samples and not is_live_mode and not interrupted:
print(
f"Warning: missed {expected_samples - num_samples} samples "
f"from the expected total of {expected_samples} "
f"({fmt((expected_samples - num_samples) / expected_samples * 100, 2)}%)"
)
def _print_realtime_stats(self):
"""Print real-time sampling statistics."""
if len(self.sample_intervals) < 2:
return
# Calculate statistics on the Hz values (deque automatically maintains rolling window)
hz_values = list(self.sample_intervals)
mean_hz = statistics.mean(hz_values)
min_hz = min(hz_values)
max_hz = max(hz_values)
# Calculate microseconds per sample for all metrics (1/Hz * 1,000,000)
mean_us_per_sample = (1.0 / mean_hz) * 1_000_000 if mean_hz > 0 else 0
min_us_per_sample = (
(1.0 / max_hz) * 1_000_000 if max_hz > 0 else 0
) # Min time = Max Hz
max_us_per_sample = (
(1.0 / min_hz) * 1_000_000 if min_hz > 0 else 0
) # Max time = Min Hz
# Build cache stats string if stats collection is enabled
ANSIColors = get_colors()
cache_stats_str = ""
if self.collect_stats:
try:
stats = self.unwinder.get_stats()
hits = stats.get('frame_cache_hits', 0)
partial = stats.get('frame_cache_partial_hits', 0)
misses = stats.get('frame_cache_misses', 0)
total = hits + partial + misses
if total > 0:
hit_pct = (hits + partial) / total * 100
cache_stats_str = f" {ANSIColors.MAGENTA}Cache: {fmt(hit_pct)}% ({hits}+{partial}/{misses}){ANSIColors.RESET}"
except RuntimeError:
pass
# Clear line and print stats
print(
f"\r\033[K{ANSIColors.BOLD_BLUE}Stats:{ANSIColors.RESET} "
f"{ANSIColors.YELLOW}{fmt(mean_hz)}Hz ({fmt(mean_us_per_sample)}µs){ANSIColors.RESET} "
f"{ANSIColors.GREEN}Min: {fmt(min_hz)}Hz{ANSIColors.RESET} "
f"{ANSIColors.RED}Max: {fmt(max_hz)}Hz{ANSIColors.RESET} "
f"{ANSIColors.CYAN}N={self.total_samples}{ANSIColors.RESET}"
f"{cache_stats_str}",
end="",
flush=True,
)
def _print_unwinder_stats(self):
"""Print unwinder statistics including cache performance."""
try:
stats = self.unwinder.get_stats()
except RuntimeError:
return # Stats not enabled
ANSIColors = get_colors()
print(f"\n{ANSIColors.BOLD_BLUE}{'='*50}{ANSIColors.RESET}")
print(f"{ANSIColors.BOLD_BLUE}Unwinder Statistics:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
# Frame cache stats
total_samples = stats.get('total_samples', 0)
frame_cache_hits = stats.get('frame_cache_hits', 0)
frame_cache_partial_hits = stats.get('frame_cache_partial_hits', 0)
frame_cache_misses = stats.get('frame_cache_misses', 0)
total_lookups = frame_cache_hits + frame_cache_partial_hits + frame_cache_misses
# Calculate percentages
hits_pct = (frame_cache_hits / total_lookups * 100) if total_lookups > 0 else 0
partial_pct = (frame_cache_partial_hits / total_lookups * 100) if total_lookups > 0 else 0
misses_pct = (frame_cache_misses / total_lookups * 100) if total_lookups > 0 else 0
print(f" {ANSIColors.CYAN}Frame Cache:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
print(f" Total samples: {total_samples:n}")
print(f" Full hits: {frame_cache_hits:n} ({ANSIColors.GREEN}{fmt(hits_pct)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
print(f" Partial hits: {frame_cache_partial_hits:n} ({ANSIColors.YELLOW}{fmt(partial_pct)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
print(f" Misses: {frame_cache_misses:n} ({ANSIColors.RED}{fmt(misses_pct)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
# Frame read stats
frames_from_cache = stats.get('frames_read_from_cache', 0)
frames_from_memory = stats.get('frames_read_from_memory', 0)
total_frames = frames_from_cache + frames_from_memory
cache_frame_pct = (frames_from_cache / total_frames * 100) if total_frames > 0 else 0
memory_frame_pct = (frames_from_memory / total_frames * 100) if total_frames > 0 else 0
print(f" {ANSIColors.CYAN}Frame Reads:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
print(f" From cache: {frames_from_cache:n} ({ANSIColors.GREEN}{fmt(cache_frame_pct)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
print(f" From memory: {frames_from_memory:n} ({ANSIColors.RED}{fmt(memory_frame_pct)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
# Code object cache stats
code_hits = stats.get('code_object_cache_hits', 0)
code_misses = stats.get('code_object_cache_misses', 0)
total_code = code_hits + code_misses
code_hits_pct = (code_hits / total_code * 100) if total_code > 0 else 0
code_misses_pct = (code_misses / total_code * 100) if total_code > 0 else 0
print(f" {ANSIColors.CYAN}Code Object Cache:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
print(f" Hits: {code_hits:n} ({ANSIColors.GREEN}{fmt(code_hits_pct)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
print(f" Misses: {code_misses:n} ({ANSIColors.RED}{fmt(code_misses_pct)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
batched_attempts = stats.get('batched_read_attempts', 0)
batched_successes = stats.get('batched_read_successes', 0)
batched_misses = stats.get('batched_read_misses', 0)
segments_requested = stats.get('batched_read_segments_requested', 0)
segments_completed = stats.get('batched_read_segments_completed', 0)
if batched_attempts > 0:
batched_success_rate = stats.get('batched_read_success_rate', 0.0)
batched_miss_rate = 100.0 - batched_success_rate
segment_completion_rate = stats.get(
'batched_read_segment_completion_rate', 0.0
)
print(f" {ANSIColors.CYAN}Batched Reads:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
print(f" Attempts: {batched_attempts:n}")
print(
f" Successes: {batched_successes:n} "
f"({ANSIColors.GREEN}{fmt(batched_success_rate)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})"
)
print(
f" Misses: {batched_misses:n} "
f"({ANSIColors.RED}{fmt(batched_miss_rate)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})"
)
print(
f" Segments read: {segments_completed:n}/{segments_requested:n} "
f"({ANSIColors.GREEN}{fmt(segment_completion_rate)}%{ANSIColors.RESET})"
)
# Memory operations
memory_reads = stats.get('memory_reads', 0)
memory_bytes = stats.get('memory_bytes_read', 0)
if memory_bytes >= 1024 * 1024:
memory_str = f"{fmt(memory_bytes / (1024 * 1024))} MB"
elif memory_bytes >= 1024:
memory_str = f"{fmt(memory_bytes / 1024)} KB"
else:
memory_str = f"{memory_bytes} B"
print(f" {ANSIColors.CYAN}Memory:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
print(f" Read operations: {memory_reads:n} ({memory_str})")
# Stale invalidations
stale_invalidations = stats.get('stale_cache_invalidations', 0)
if stale_invalidations > 0:
print(f" {ANSIColors.YELLOW}Stale cache invalidations: {stale_invalidations}{ANSIColors.RESET}")
def _print_binary_stats(self, collector):
"""Print binary I/O encoding statistics."""
try:
stats = collector.get_stats()
except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
return # Collector closed or stats unavailable
ANSIColors = get_colors()
print(f" {ANSIColors.CYAN}Binary Encoding:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
repeat_records = stats.get('repeat_records', 0)
repeat_samples = stats.get('repeat_samples', 0)
full_records = stats.get('full_records', 0)
suffix_records = stats.get('suffix_records', 0)
pop_push_records = stats.get('pop_push_records', 0)
total_records = stats.get('total_records', 0)
if total_records > 0:
repeat_pct = repeat_records / total_records * 100
full_pct = full_records / total_records * 100
suffix_pct = suffix_records / total_records * 100
pop_push_pct = pop_push_records / total_records * 100
else:
repeat_pct = full_pct = suffix_pct = pop_push_pct = 0
print(f" Records: {total_records:,}")
print(f" RLE repeat: {repeat_records:,} ({ANSIColors.GREEN}{repeat_pct:.1f}%{ANSIColors.RESET}) [{repeat_samples:,} samples]")
print(f" Full stack: {full_records:,} ({full_pct:.1f}%)")
print(f" Suffix match: {suffix_records:,} ({suffix_pct:.1f}%)")
print(f" Pop-push: {pop_push_records:,} ({pop_push_pct:.1f}%)")
frames_written = stats.get('total_frames_written', 0)
frames_saved = stats.get('frames_saved', 0)
compression_pct = stats.get('frame_compression_pct', 0)
print(f" {ANSIColors.CYAN}Frame Efficiency:{ANSIColors.RESET}")
print(f" Frames written: {frames_written:,}")
print(f" Frames saved: {frames_saved:,} ({ANSIColors.GREEN}{compression_pct:.1f}%{ANSIColors.RESET})")
bytes_written = stats.get('bytes_written', 0)
if bytes_written >= 1024 * 1024:
bytes_str = f"{bytes_written / (1024 * 1024):.1f} MB"
elif bytes_written >= 1024:
bytes_str = f"{bytes_written / 1024:.1f} KB"
else:
bytes_str = f"{bytes_written} B"
print(f" Bytes (pre-zstd): {bytes_str}")
def _is_process_running(pid):
if pid <= 0:
return False
if os.name == "posix":
try:
os.kill(pid, 0)
return True
except ProcessLookupError:
return False
except PermissionError:
# EPERM means process exists but we can't signal it
return True
elif sys.platform == "win32":
try:
_remote_debugging.RemoteUnwinder(pid)
except Exception:
return False
return True
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unsupported platform: {sys.platform}")
def sample(
pid,
collector,
*,
duration_sec=None,
all_threads=False,
realtime_stats=False,
mode=PROFILING_MODE_WALL,
async_aware=None,
native=False,
gc=True,
opcodes=False,
blocking=False,
):
"""Sample a process using the provided collector.
Args:
pid: Process ID to sample
collector: Collector instance to use for gathering samples
duration_sec: How long to sample for (seconds), or None to run until
the process exits or interrupted
all_threads: Whether to sample all threads
realtime_stats: Whether to print real-time sampling statistics
mode: Profiling mode - WALL (all samples), CPU (only when on CPU),
GIL (only when holding GIL), ALL (includes GIL and CPU status),
EXCEPTION (only when thread has an active exception)
native: Whether to include native frames
gc: Whether to include GC frames
opcodes: Whether to include opcode information
blocking: Whether to stop all threads before sampling for consistent snapshots
Returns:
The collector with collected samples
"""
# Get sample interval from collector
sample_interval_usec = collector.sample_interval_usec
# PROFILING_MODE_ALL implies no skipping at all
if mode == PROFILING_MODE_ALL:
skip_non_matching_threads = False
else:
# For most modes, skip non-matching threads
# Gecko collector overrides this by setting skip_idle=False
skip_non_matching_threads = True
profiler = SampleProfiler(
pid,
sample_interval_usec,
all_threads=all_threads,
mode=mode,
native=native,
gc=gc,
opcodes=opcodes,
skip_non_matching_threads=skip_non_matching_threads,
collect_stats=realtime_stats,
blocking=blocking,
)
profiler.realtime_stats = realtime_stats
# Run the sampling
profiler.sample(collector, duration_sec, async_aware=async_aware)
return collector
def dump_stack(
pid,
*,
all_threads=False,
mode=PROFILING_MODE_ALL,
async_aware=None,
native=False,
gc=True,
opcodes=False,
blocking=False,
):
"""Return a single stack snapshot from a process."""
if mode == PROFILING_MODE_ALL:
skip_non_matching_threads = False
else:
skip_non_matching_threads = True
profiler = SampleProfiler(
pid,
sample_interval_usec=1,
all_threads=all_threads,
mode=mode,
native=native,
gc=gc,
opcodes=opcodes,
skip_non_matching_threads=skip_non_matching_threads,
blocking=blocking,
)
return profiler.dump_stack(async_aware=async_aware)
def sample_live(
pid,
collector,
*,
duration_sec=None,
all_threads=False,
realtime_stats=False,
mode=PROFILING_MODE_WALL,
async_aware=None,
native=False,
gc=True,
opcodes=False,
blocking=False,
):
"""Sample a process in live/interactive mode with curses TUI.
Args:
pid: Process ID to sample
collector: LiveStatsCollector instance
duration_sec: How long to sample for (seconds)
all_threads: Whether to sample all threads
realtime_stats: Whether to print real-time sampling statistics
mode: Profiling mode - WALL (all samples), CPU (only when on CPU),
GIL (only when holding GIL), ALL (includes GIL and CPU status),
EXCEPTION (only when thread has an active exception)
native: Whether to include native frames
gc: Whether to include GC frames
opcodes: Whether to include opcode information
blocking: Whether to stop all threads before sampling for consistent snapshots
Returns:
The collector with collected samples
"""
import curses
# Check if process is alive before doing any heavy initialization
if not _is_process_running(pid):
print(f"No samples collected - process {pid} exited before profiling could begin.", file=sys.stderr)
return collector
# Get sample interval from collector
sample_interval_usec = collector.sample_interval_usec
# PROFILING_MODE_ALL implies no skipping at all
if mode == PROFILING_MODE_ALL:
skip_non_matching_threads = False
else:
skip_non_matching_threads = True
profiler = SampleProfiler(
pid,
sample_interval_usec,
all_threads=all_threads,
mode=mode,
native=native,
gc=gc,
opcodes=opcodes,
skip_non_matching_threads=skip_non_matching_threads,
collect_stats=realtime_stats,
blocking=blocking,
)
profiler.realtime_stats = realtime_stats
def curses_wrapper_func(stdscr):
collector.init_curses(stdscr)
try:
profiler.sample(collector, duration_sec, async_aware=async_aware)
# If too few samples were collected, exit cleanly without showing TUI
if collector.successful_samples < MIN_SAMPLES_FOR_TUI:
# Clear screen before exiting to avoid visual artifacts
stdscr.clear()
stdscr.refresh()
return
# Mark as finished and keep the TUI running until user presses 'q'
collector.mark_finished()
# Keep processing input until user quits
while collector.running:
collector._handle_input()
time.sleep(0.05) # Small sleep to avoid busy waiting
finally:
collector.cleanup_curses()
try:
curses.wrapper(curses_wrapper_func)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
# If too few samples were collected, print a message
if collector.successful_samples < MIN_SAMPLES_FOR_TUI:
if collector.successful_samples == 0:
print(f"No samples collected - process {pid} exited before profiling could begin.", file=sys.stderr)
else:
print(f"Only {collector.successful_samples} sample(s) collected (minimum {MIN_SAMPLES_FOR_TUI} required for TUI) - process {pid} exited too quickly.", file=sys.stderr)
return collector