chore(dockerfile): upgrade node version - #9741

This is a security release.

### Notable Changes

* (CVE-2026-56848) http2: defer rst stream while in scope (Matteo Collina) – High
* (CVE-2026-58043) permission: avoid granting radix split nodes (RafaelGSS) – High
* (CVE-2026-56850) https: distinguish PFX object-array agent keys (RafaelGSS) – Medium
* (CVE-2026-58040) https: bind identity checks to session reuse (Matteo Collina) – Medium
* (CVE-2026-58041) sqlite: invalidate tag store iterators on statement reset (Matteo Collina) – Medium
* (CVE-2026-58042) dns: handle large resolveAny address replies (RafaelGSS) – Medium
* (CVE-2026-58045) zlib: throw on out-of-bounds write buffers (RafaelGSS) – Medium
* (CVE-2026-56847) permission: enforce fs write permission for trace events (RafaelGSS) – Low
* (CVE-2026-58039) permission: check final report output path (RafaelGSS) – Low
* (CVE-2026-58044) http: reject requests exceeding max header count (Matteo Collina) – Low
* deps: update llhttp to 9.4.3 (Paolo Insogna)
* deps: update undici to 8.9.0 (Node.js GitHub Bot)

### Commits

* \[[`af0bf96877`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/af0bf96877)] - **deps**: update llhttp to 9.4.3 (Paolo Insogna) [nodejs-private/node-private#935](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/935)
* \[[`0354678355`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/0354678355)] - **deps**: update undici to 8.9.0 (Node.js GitHub Bot) [#64712](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/64712)
* \[[`dbeeaeec13`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/dbeeaeec13)] - **(CVE-2026-58042)** **dns**: handle large resolveAny address replies (RafaelGSS) [nodejs-private/node-private#929](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/929)
* \[[`064d339f56`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/064d339f56)] - **(CVE-2026-58044)** **http**: reject requests exceeding max header count (Matteo Collina) [nodejs-private/node-private#922](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/922)
* \[[`23b94c843a`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/23b94c843a)] - **(CVE-2026-56848)** **http2**: defer rst stream while in scope (Matteo Collina) [nodejs-private/node-private#921](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/921)
* \[[`c7ec3dc0b9`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/c7ec3dc0b9)] - **(CVE-2026-58040)** **https**: bind identity checks to session reuse (Matteo Collina) [nodejs-private/node-private#904](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/904)
* \[[`8f666925b1`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/8f666925b1)] - **(CVE-2026-56850)** **https**: distinguish PFX object-array agent keys (RafaelGSS) [nodejs-private/node-private#930](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/930)
* \[[`ad99d075b1`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/ad99d075b1)] - **(CVE-2026-58043)** **permission**: avoid granting radix split nodes (RafaelGSS) [nodejs-private/node-private#911](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/911)
* \[[`61222008b7`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/61222008b7)] - **(CVE-2026-58039)** **permission**: check final report output path (RafaelGSS) [nodejs-private/node-private#908](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/908)
* \[[`3cb607dfc4`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/3cb607dfc4)] - **(CVE-2026-56847)** **permission**: enforce fs write permission for trace events (RafaelGSS) [nodejs-private/node-private#924](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/924)
* \[[`d08fde8a16`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/d08fde8a16)] - **(CVE-2026-58041)** **sqlite**: invalidate tag store iterators on statement reset (Matteo Collina) [nodejs-private/node-private#896](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/896)
* \[[`b3fbb6e11f`](https://github.com/nodejs/node/commit/b3fbb6e11f)] - **(CVE-2026-58045)** **zlib**: throw on out-of-bounds write buffers (RafaelGSS) [nodejs-private/node-private#931](https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/931)