fix(postgres): emit typed empty array literal instead of unbound parameter by dikshit-n · Pull Request #18550 · sequelize/sequelize

dikshit-n · 2026-10-11T02:45:16Z

Summary

When an empty array is passed as a bind parameter for a PostgreSQL ARRAY column, the node-postgres driver cannot infer the element type. PostgreSQL then rejects the query with a cast error:

error: cannot cast type boolean[] to integer[]

This happens because an empty JS array [] carries no type information when bound as a parameter.

Before (broken): instance.update({ tags_ids: [] }) fails with a cast error.

After (fixed): getBindParamSql() detects empty arrays and emits a properly typed empty array literal (e.g. {}::integer[]) instead of attempting a bind.

Changes

packages/postgres/src/_internal/data-types-overrides.ts — ARRAY.getBindParamSql():

Added early return for values.length === 0 that emits {}::${sqlType}[] (typed empty array literal).
For non-empty arrays, the existing bind parameter behavior is preserved.

packages/core/test/unit/data-types/arrays.test.ts:

Added regression tests for empty INTEGER, STRING, and JSONB array escaping in the postgres dialect.

Related Issue

Fixes sequelize/sequelize#11748.

Summary by CodeRabbit

Bug Fixes
- Fixed PostgreSQL handling of empty integer, string, and JSONB arrays by generating correctly typed empty-array values. Non-empty arrays continue to use the existing parameter-binding behavior.

…meter When an empty array is passed as a bind parameter for a PostgreSQL ARRAY column, the driver cannot infer the element type and PostgreSQL rejects the query with a cast error. This commit fixes getBindParamSql() in the Postgres dialect to detect empty arrays and emit a properly typed empty array literal (e.g. '{}'::integer[]) instead of attempting to bind the empty array as a parameter. Fixes sequelize#11748

coderabbitai · 2026-10-11T02:45:31Z

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packages/core/test/unit/data-types/arrays.test.ts

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📝 Walkthrough

PostgreSQL array binding now emits a typed empty-array literal when the input array is empty. Tests cover INTEGER, STRING, and JSONB arrays.

Changes: PostgreSQL array binding

Layer / File(s)	Summary
Generate and test typed empty arrays `packages/postgres/src/_internal/data-types-overrides.ts`, `packages/core/test/unit/data-types/arrays.test.ts`	Empty arrays now produce typed SQL literals, using `text` for string arrays and the declared SQL type for other arrays. Non-empty arrays retain the existing binding behavior. Tests cover INTEGER, STRING, and JSONB arrays.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 2 (Simple) | ~10 minutes

Change: Bug fix · Severity of issue fixed: Medium

Merge Risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to 71065

The added tests do not reliably protect the full PostgreSQL empty-array behavior, leaving STRING and JSONB regressions insufficiently validated before merge.

Pre-merge checks: 5

Check name	Status	Explanation
Description Check		Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check		The title clearly and concisely describes the main change: PostgreSQL now emits typed empty array literals instead of unbound parameters.
Linked Issues check		Issue `#11748` requires PostgreSQL updates of integer array columns with an empty array to succeed. `ARRAY.getBindParamSql()` now returns the typed literal `'{}'::integer[]` for an empty `INTEGER` array…
Out of Scope Changes check		The changes are limited to PostgreSQL `ARRAY` bind-parameter handling and focused regression tests in the array data-type suite. These changes directly support issue `#11748`. No unrelated product behav…
Docstring Coverage		No functions found in the changed files to evaluate docstring coverage. Skipping docstring coverage check. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 0 functions across 2…

Full details: Linked Issues check

Explanation

Issue #11748 requires PostgreSQL updates of integer array columns with an empty array to succeed. ARRAY.getBindParamSql() now returns the typed literal '{}'::integer[] for an empty INTEGER array. Non-empty arrays retain bind-parameter handling. Regression coverage verifies the integer case and also verifies typed empty literals for STRING and JSONB arrays.

Full details: Out of Scope Changes check

Explanation

The changes are limited to PostgreSQL ARRAY bind-parameter handling and focused regression tests in the array data-type suite. These changes directly support issue #11748. No unrelated product behavior or files are present in the reviewed changes.

Full details: Docstring Coverage

Explanation

No functions found in the changed files to evaluate docstring coverage. Skipping docstring coverage check. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 0 functions across 2 files.

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Actionable comments posted: 1

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Inline comments:
Review comments at @packages/core/test/unit/data-types/arrays.test.ts:
- Around line 181-182: Update each empty-array `queryGenerator.escape` call in
the regression tests to provide a `bindParam` callback, so the tests exercise
`ARRAY.getBindParamSql`. Keep the STRING bind expectation as `text[]`, and
preserve the existing expectations for the other array types.

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packages/core/test/unit/data-types/arrays.test.ts
packages/postgres/src/_internal/data-types-overrides.ts

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Co-authored-by: coderabbitai[bot] <136622811+coderabbitai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

SippieCup

LTGM

SippieCup · 2026-10-20T02:35:13Z

@dikshit-n

Can you run the linter for this? then I'll merge

dikshit-n requested a review from a team as a code owner October 11, 2026 02:45

dikshit-n requested review from SippieCup and sdepold October 11, 2026 02:45

coderabbitai Bot reviewed Oct 11, 2026

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Comment thread packages/core/test/unit/data-types/arrays.test.ts Outdated

SippieCup and others added 2 commits October 19, 2026 22:08

Update packages/core/test/unit/data-types/arrays.test.ts

62039b2

Co-authored-by: coderabbitai[bot] <136622811+coderabbitai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Merge branch 'main' into fix/postgres-empty-array-bind

7106529

SippieCup approved these changes Oct 20, 2026

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fix(postgres): emit typed empty array literal instead of unbound parameter - #18550

fix(postgres): emit typed empty array literal instead of unbound parameter#18550
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