@@ -52,58 +52,58 @@ def test_lyap(self):
5252 Q = array ([[1 ,0 ],[0 ,1 ]])
5353 X = lyap (A ,Q )
5454 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
55- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ) + X . dot ( A .T ) + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
55+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X + X @ A .T + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
5656
5757 A = array ([[1 , 2 ],[- 3 , - 4 ]])
5858 Q = array ([[3 , 1 ],[1 , 1 ]])
5959 X = lyap (A ,Q )
6060 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
61- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ) + X . dot ( A .T ) + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
61+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X + X @ A .T + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
6262
6363 def test_lyap_sylvester (self ):
6464 A = 5
6565 B = array ([[4 , 3 ], [4 , 3 ]])
6666 C = array ([2 , 1 ])
6767 X = lyap (A ,B ,C )
6868 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
69- assert_array_almost_equal (A * X + X . dot ( B ) + C , zeros ((1 ,2 )))
69+ assert_array_almost_equal (A * X + X @ B + C , zeros ((1 ,2 )))
7070
7171 A = array ([[2 ,1 ],[1 ,2 ]])
7272 B = array ([[1 ,2 ],[0.5 ,0.1 ]])
7373 C = array ([[1 ,0 ],[0 ,1 ]])
7474 X = lyap (A ,B ,C )
7575 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
76- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ) + X . dot ( B ) + C , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
76+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X + X @ B + C , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
7777
7878 def test_lyap_g (self ):
7979 A = array ([[- 1 , 2 ],[- 3 , - 4 ]])
8080 Q = array ([[3 , 1 ],[1 , 1 ]])
8181 E = array ([[1 ,2 ],[2 ,1 ]])
8282 X = lyap (A ,Q ,None ,E )
8383 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
84- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ). dot ( E .T ) + E . dot ( X ). dot ( A .T ) + Q ,
84+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X @ E .T + E @ X @ A .T + Q ,
8585 zeros ((2 ,2 )))
8686
8787 def test_dlyap (self ):
8888 A = array ([[- 0.6 , 0 ],[- 0.1 , - 0.4 ]])
8989 Q = array ([[1 ,0 ],[0 ,1 ]])
9090 X = dlyap (A ,Q )
9191 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
92- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ). dot ( A .T ) - X + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
92+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X @ A .T - X + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
9393
9494 A = array ([[- 0.6 , 0 ],[- 0.1 , - 0.4 ]])
9595 Q = array ([[3 , 1 ],[1 , 1 ]])
9696 X = dlyap (A ,Q )
9797 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
98- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ). dot ( A .T ) - X + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
98+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X @ A .T - X + Q , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
9999
100100 def test_dlyap_g (self ):
101101 A = array ([[- 0.6 , 0 ],[- 0.1 , - 0.4 ]])
102102 Q = array ([[3 , 1 ],[1 , 1 ]])
103103 E = array ([[1 , 1 ],[2 , 1 ]])
104104 X = dlyap (A ,Q ,None ,E )
105105 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
106- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ). dot ( A .T ) - E . dot ( X ). dot ( E .T ) + Q ,
106+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X @ A .T - E @ X @ E .T + Q ,
107107 zeros ((2 ,2 )))
108108
109109 def test_dlyap_sylvester (self ):
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ def test_dlyap_sylvester(self):
112112 C = array ([2 , 1 ])
113113 X = dlyap (A ,B ,C )
114114 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
115- assert_array_almost_equal (A * X . dot ( B .T ) - X + C , zeros ((1 ,2 )))
115+ assert_array_almost_equal (A * X @ B .T - X + C , zeros ((1 ,2 )))
116116
117117 A = array ([[2 ,1 ],[1 ,2 ]])
118118 B = array ([[1 ,2 ],[0.5 ,0.1 ]])
119119 C = array ([[1 ,0 ],[0 ,1 ]])
120120 X = dlyap (A ,B ,C )
121121 # print("The solution obtained is ", X)
122- assert_array_almost_equal (A . dot ( X ). dot ( B .T ) - X + C , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
122+ assert_array_almost_equal (A @ X @ B .T - X + C , zeros ((2 ,2 )))
123123
124124 def test_care (self ):
125125 A = array ([[- 2 , - 1 ],[- 1 , - 1 ]])
@@ -128,10 +128,10 @@ def test_care(self):
128128
129129 X ,L ,G = care (A ,B ,Q )
130130 # print("The solution obtained is", X)
131- M = A .T . dot ( X ) + X . dot ( A ) - X . dot ( B ). dot ( B .T ). dot ( X ) + Q
131+ M = A .T @ X + X @ A - X @ B @ B .T @ X + Q
132132 assert_array_almost_equal (M ,
133133 zeros ((2 ,2 )))
134- assert_array_almost_equal (B .T . dot ( X ) , G )
134+ assert_array_almost_equal (B .T @ X , G )
135135
136136 def test_care_g (self ):
137137 A = array ([[- 2 , - 1 ],[- 1 , - 1 ]])
@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@ def test_care_g(self):
143143
144144 X ,L ,G = care (A ,B ,Q ,R ,S ,E )
145145 # print("The solution obtained is", X)
146- Gref = solve (R , B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( E ) + S .T )
146+ Gref = solve (R , B .T @ X @ E + S .T )
147147 assert_array_almost_equal (Gref , G )
148148 assert_array_almost_equal (
149- A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( E ) + E .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A )
150- - (E .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B ) + S ). dot ( Gref ) + Q ,
149+ A .T @ X @ E + E .T @ X @ A
150+ - (E .T @ X @ B + S ) @ Gref + Q ,
151151 zeros ((2 ,2 )))
152152
153153 def test_care_g2 (self ):
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@ def test_care_g2(self):
160160
161161 X ,L ,G = care (A ,B ,Q ,R ,S ,E )
162162 # print("The solution obtained is", X)
163- Gref = 1 / R * (B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( E ) + S .T )
163+ Gref = 1 / R * (B .T @ X @ E + S .T )
164164 assert_array_almost_equal (
165- A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( E ) + E .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A )
166- - (E .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B ) + S ). dot ( Gref ) + Q ,
165+ A .T @ X @ E + E .T @ X @ A
166+ - (E .T @ X @ B + S ) @ Gref + Q ,
167167 zeros ((2 ,2 )))
168168 assert_array_almost_equal (Gref , G )
169169
@@ -175,12 +175,12 @@ def test_dare(self):
175175
176176 X ,L ,G = dare (A ,B ,Q ,R )
177177 # print("The solution obtained is", X)
178- Gref = solve (B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B ) + R , B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A ) )
178+ Gref = solve (B .T @ X @ B + R , B .T @ X @ A )
179179 assert_array_almost_equal (Gref , G )
180180 assert_array_almost_equal (
181- X , A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A ) - A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B ). dot ( Gref ) + Q )
181+ X , A .T @ X @ A - A .T @ X @ B @ Gref + Q )
182182 # check for stable closed loop
183- lam = eigvals (A - B . dot ( G ) )
183+ lam = eigvals (A - B @ G )
184184 assert_array_less (abs (lam ), 1.0 )
185185
186186 A = array ([[1 , 0 ],[- 1 , 1 ]])
@@ -190,15 +190,15 @@ def test_dare(self):
190190
191191 X ,L ,G = dare (A ,B ,Q ,R )
192192 # print("The solution obtained is", X)
193- AtXA = A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A )
194- AtXB = A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B )
195- BtXA = B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A )
196- BtXB = B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B )
193+ AtXA = A .T @ X @ A
194+ AtXB = A .T @ X @ B
195+ BtXA = B .T @ X @ A
196+ BtXB = B .T @ X @ B
197197 assert_array_almost_equal (
198- X , AtXA - AtXB . dot ( solve (BtXB + R , BtXA ) ) + Q )
198+ X , AtXA - AtXB @ solve (BtXB + R , BtXA ) + Q )
199199 assert_array_almost_equal (BtXA / (BtXB + R ), G )
200200 # check for stable closed loop
201- lam = eigvals (A - B . dot ( G ) )
201+ lam = eigvals (A - B @ G )
202202 assert_array_less (abs (lam ), 1.0 )
203203
204204 def test_dare_g (self ):
@@ -211,13 +211,13 @@ def test_dare_g(self):
211211
212212 X ,L ,G = dare (A ,B ,Q ,R ,S ,E )
213213 # print("The solution obtained is", X)
214- Gref = solve (B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B ) + R , B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A ) + S .T )
214+ Gref = solve (B .T @ X @ B + R , B .T @ X @ A + S .T )
215215 assert_array_almost_equal (Gref , G )
216216 assert_array_almost_equal (
217- E .T . dot ( X ). dot ( E ) ,
218- A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A ) - (A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B ) + S ). dot ( Gref ) + Q )
217+ E .T @ X @ E ,
218+ A .T @ X @ A - (A .T @ X @ B + S ) @ Gref + Q )
219219 # check for stable closed loop
220- lam = eigvals (A - B . dot ( G ) , E )
220+ lam = eigvals (A - B @ G , E )
221221 assert_array_less (abs (lam ), 1.0 )
222222
223223 def test_dare_g2 (self ):
@@ -230,16 +230,16 @@ def test_dare_g2(self):
230230
231231 X , L , G = dare (A , B , Q , R , S , E )
232232 # print("The solution obtained is", X)
233- AtXA = A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A )
234- AtXB = A .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B )
235- BtXA = B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( A )
236- BtXB = B .T . dot ( X ). dot ( B )
237- EtXE = E .T . dot ( X ). dot ( E )
233+ AtXA = A .T @ X @ A
234+ AtXB = A .T @ X @ B
235+ BtXA = B .T @ X @ A
236+ BtXB = B .T @ X @ B
237+ EtXE = E .T @ X @ E
238238 assert_array_almost_equal (
239- EtXE , AtXA - (AtXB + S ). dot ( solve (BtXB + R , BtXA + S .T ) ) + Q )
239+ EtXE , AtXA - (AtXB + S ) @ solve (BtXB + R , BtXA + S .T ) + Q )
240240 assert_array_almost_equal ((BtXA + S .T ) / (BtXB + R ), G )
241241 # check for stable closed loop
242- lam = eigvals (A - B . dot ( G ) , E )
242+ lam = eigvals (A - B @ G , E )
243243 assert_array_less (abs (lam ), 1.0 )
244244
245245 def test_raise (self ):
0 commit comments