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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2026, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
# Translators:
# python-doc bot, 2025
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-21 17:18+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-22 15:57+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: python-doc bot, 2025\n"
"Language-Team: Polish (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/pl/)\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Language: pl\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : (n%10>=2 && n%10<=4) && "
"(n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n!=1 && (n%10>=0 && n%10<=1) || (n%10>=5 && "
"n%10<=9) || (n%100>=12 && n%100<=14) ? 2 : 3);\n"
msgid "Initialization, Finalization, and Threads"
msgstr ""
msgid "See also :ref:`Python Initialization Configuration <init-config>`."
msgstr ""
msgid "Before Python Initialization"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"In an application embedding Python, the :c:func:`Py_Initialize` function "
"must be called before using any other Python/C API functions; with the "
"exception of a few functions and the :ref:`global configuration variables "
"<global-conf-vars>`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The following functions can be safely called before Python is initialized:"
msgstr ""
msgid "Configuration functions:"
msgstr "Konfiguracja funkcja:"
msgid ":c:func:`PyImport_AppendInittab`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyImport_AppendInittab`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyImport_ExtendInittab`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyImport_ExtendInittab`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyInitFrozenExtensions`"
msgstr ""
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_SetAllocator`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_SetAllocator`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_SetupDebugHooks`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_SetupDebugHooks`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyObject_SetArenaAllocator`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyObject_SetArenaAllocator`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetPath`"
msgstr ""
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetPythonHome`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_SetPythonHome`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding`"
msgstr ""
msgid ":c:func:`PySys_AddWarnOption`"
msgstr ""
msgid ":c:func:`PySys_AddXOption`"
msgstr ""
msgid ":c:func:`PySys_ResetWarnOptions`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PySys_ResetWarnOptions`"
msgid "Informative functions:"
msgstr "Informatiwne funkcje:"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_IsInitialized`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_IsInitialized`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_GetAllocator`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_GetAllocator`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyObject_GetArenaAllocator`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyObject_GetArenaAllocator`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetBuildInfo`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_GetBuildInfo`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetCompiler`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_GetCompiler`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetCopyright`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_GetCopyright`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetPlatform`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_GetPlatform`"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetVersion`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_GetVersion`"
msgid "Utilities:"
msgstr "Narzędzia:"
msgid ":c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale`"
msgstr ":c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale`"
msgid "Memory allocators:"
msgstr "Alokatory pamięci:"
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`"
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawFree`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_RawFree`"
msgid ""
"The following functions **should not be called** before :c:func:"
"`Py_Initialize`: :c:func:`Py_EncodeLocale`, :c:func:`Py_GetPath`, :c:func:"
"`Py_GetPrefix`, :c:func:`Py_GetExecPrefix`, :c:func:"
"`Py_GetProgramFullPath`, :c:func:`Py_GetPythonHome`, :c:func:"
"`Py_GetProgramName` and :c:func:`PyEval_InitThreads`."
msgstr ""
msgid "Global configuration variables"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Python has variables for the global configuration to control different "
"features and options. By default, these flags are controlled by :ref:"
"`command line options <using-on-interface-options>`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"When a flag is set by an option, the value of the flag is the number of "
"times that the option was set. For example, ``-b`` sets :c:data:"
"`Py_BytesWarningFlag` to 1 and ``-bb`` sets :c:data:`Py_BytesWarningFlag` to "
"2."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Issue a warning when comparing :class:`bytes` or :class:`bytearray` with :"
"class:`str` or :class:`bytes` with :class:`int`. Issue an error if greater "
"or equal to ``2``."
msgstr ""
msgid "Set by the :option:`-b` option."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Turn on parser debugging output (for expert only, depending on compilation "
"options)."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-d` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONDEBUG` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If set to non-zero, Python won't try to write ``.pyc`` files on the import "
"of source modules."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-B` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE` "
"environment variable."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Suppress error messages when calculating the module search path in :c:func:"
"`Py_GetPath`."
msgstr ""
msgid "Private flag used by ``_freeze_importlib`` and ``frozenmain`` programs."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set to ``1`` if the :envvar:`PYTHONHASHSEED` environment variable is set to "
"a non-empty string."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If the flag is non-zero, read the :envvar:`PYTHONHASHSEED` environment "
"variable to initialize the secret hash seed."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Ignore all :envvar:`PYTHON*` environment variables, e.g. :envvar:"
"`PYTHONPATH` and :envvar:`PYTHONHOME`, that might be set."
msgstr ""
msgid "Set by the :option:`-E` and :option:`-I` options."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"When a script is passed as first argument or the :option:`-c` option is "
"used, enter interactive mode after executing the script or the command, even "
"when :data:`sys.stdin` does not appear to be a terminal."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-i` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONINSPECT` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
msgid "Set by the :option:`-i` option."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Run Python in isolated mode. In isolated mode :data:`sys.path` contains "
"neither the script's directory nor the user's site-packages directory."
msgstr ""
msgid "Set by the :option:`-I` option."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If the flag is non-zero, use the ``mbcs`` encoding with ``replace`` error "
"handler, instead of the UTF-8 encoding with ``surrogatepass`` error handler, "
"for the :term:`filesystem encoding and error handler`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set to ``1`` if the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING` environment "
"variable is set to a non-empty string."
msgstr ""
msgid "See :pep:`529` for more details."
msgstr ""
msgid ":ref:`Availability <availability>`: Windows."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If the flag is non-zero, use :class:`io.FileIO` instead of :class:"
"`WindowsConsoleIO` for :mod:`sys` standard streams."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set to ``1`` if the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSSTDIO` environment variable "
"is set to a non-empty string."
msgstr ""
msgid "See :pep:`528` for more details."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Disable the import of the module :mod:`site` and the site-dependent "
"manipulations of :data:`sys.path` that it entails. Also disable these "
"manipulations if :mod:`site` is explicitly imported later (call :func:`site."
"main` if you want them to be triggered)."
msgstr ""
msgid "Set by the :option:`-S` option."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Don't add the :data:`user site-packages directory <site.USER_SITE>` to :data:"
"`sys.path`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-s` and :option:`-I` options, and the :envvar:"
"`PYTHONNOUSERSITE` environment variable."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-O` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONOPTIMIZE` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Don't display the copyright and version messages even in interactive mode."
msgstr ""
msgid "Set by the :option:`-q` option."
msgstr ""
msgid "Force the stdout and stderr streams to be unbuffered."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-u` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONUNBUFFERED` "
"environment variable."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Print a message each time a module is initialized, showing the place "
"(filename or built-in module) from which it is loaded. If greater or equal "
"to ``2``, print a message for each file that is checked for when searching "
"for a module. Also provides information on module cleanup at exit."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-v` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONVERBOSE` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
msgid "Initializing and finalizing the interpreter"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Initialize the Python interpreter. In an application embedding Python, "
"this should be called before using any other Python/C API functions; see :"
"ref:`Before Python Initialization <pre-init-safe>` for the few exceptions."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This initializes the table of loaded modules (``sys.modules``), and creates "
"the fundamental modules :mod:`builtins`, :mod:`__main__` and :mod:`sys`. It "
"also initializes the module search path (``sys.path``). It does not set "
"``sys.argv``; use :c:func:`PySys_SetArgvEx` for that. This is a no-op when "
"called for a second time (without calling :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` first). "
"There is no return value; it is a fatal error if the initialization fails."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"On Windows, changes the console mode from ``O_TEXT`` to ``O_BINARY``, which "
"will also affect non-Python uses of the console using the C Runtime."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function works like :c:func:`Py_Initialize` if *initsigs* is ``1``. If "
"*initsigs* is ``0``, it skips initialization registration of signal "
"handlers, which might be useful when Python is embedded."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return true (nonzero) when the Python interpreter has been initialized, "
"false (zero) if not. After :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` is called, this returns "
"false until :c:func:`Py_Initialize` is called again."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Undo all initializations made by :c:func:`Py_Initialize` and subsequent use "
"of Python/C API functions, and destroy all sub-interpreters (see :c:func:"
"`Py_NewInterpreter` below) that were created and not yet destroyed since the "
"last call to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`. Ideally, this frees all memory "
"allocated by the Python interpreter. This is a no-op when called for a "
"second time (without calling :c:func:`Py_Initialize` again first). Normally "
"the return value is ``0``. If there were errors during finalization "
"(flushing buffered data), ``-1`` is returned."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function is provided for a number of reasons. An embedding application "
"might want to restart Python without having to restart the application "
"itself. An application that has loaded the Python interpreter from a "
"dynamically loadable library (or DLL) might want to free all memory "
"allocated by Python before unloading the DLL. During a hunt for memory leaks "
"in an application a developer might want to free all memory allocated by "
"Python before exiting from the application."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"**Bugs and caveats:** The destruction of modules and objects in modules is "
"done in random order; this may cause destructors (:meth:`__del__` methods) "
"to fail when they depend on other objects (even functions) or modules. "
"Dynamically loaded extension modules loaded by Python are not unloaded. "
"Small amounts of memory allocated by the Python interpreter may not be freed "
"(if you find a leak, please report it). Memory tied up in circular "
"references between objects is not freed. Some memory allocated by extension "
"modules may not be freed. Some extensions may not work properly if their "
"initialization routine is called more than once; this can happen if an "
"application calls :c:func:`Py_Initialize` and :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` more "
"than once."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Raises an :ref:`auditing event <auditing>` ``cpython."
"_PySys_ClearAuditHooks`` with no arguments."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This is a backwards-compatible version of :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` that "
"disregards the return value."
msgstr ""
msgid "Process-wide parameters"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function should be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize`, if it is "
"called at all. It specifies which encoding and error handling to use with "
"standard IO, with the same meanings as in :func:`str.encode`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"It overrides :envvar:`PYTHONIOENCODING` values, and allows embedding code to "
"control IO encoding when the environment variable does not work."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"*encoding* and/or *errors* may be ``NULL`` to use :envvar:`PYTHONIOENCODING` "
"and/or default values (depending on other settings)."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Note that :data:`sys.stderr` always uses the \"backslashreplace\" error "
"handler, regardless of this (or any other) setting."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` is called, this function will need to be called "
"again in order to affect subsequent calls to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Returns ``0`` if successful, a nonzero value on error (e.g. calling after "
"the interpreter has already been initialized)."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function should be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize` is called for "
"the first time, if it is called at all. It tells the interpreter the value "
"of the ``argv[0]`` argument to the :c:func:`main` function of the program "
"(converted to wide characters). This is used by :c:func:`Py_GetPath` and "
"some other functions below to find the Python run-time libraries relative to "
"the interpreter executable. The default value is ``'python'``. The "
"argument should point to a zero-terminated wide character string in static "
"storage whose contents will not change for the duration of the program's "
"execution. No code in the Python interpreter will change the contents of "
"this storage."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Use :c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale` to decode a bytes string to get a :c:expr:"
"`wchar_*` string."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the program name set with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`, or the "
"default. The returned string points into static storage; the caller should "
"not modify its value."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function should not be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize`, otherwise "
"it returns ``NULL``."
msgstr ""
msgid "It now returns ``NULL`` if called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the *prefix* for installed platform-independent files. This is "
"derived through a number of complicated rules from the program name set "
"with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` and some environment variables; for "
"example, if the program name is ``'/usr/local/bin/python'``, the prefix is "
"``'/usr/local'``. The returned string points into static storage; the caller "
"should not modify its value. This corresponds to the :makevar:`prefix` "
"variable in the top-level :file:`Makefile` and the :option:`--prefix` "
"argument to the :program:`configure` script at build time. The value is "
"available to Python code as ``sys.prefix``. It is only useful on Unix. See "
"also the next function."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the *exec-prefix* for installed platform-*dependent* files. This is "
"derived through a number of complicated rules from the program name set "
"with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` and some environment variables; for "
"example, if the program name is ``'/usr/local/bin/python'``, the exec-prefix "
"is ``'/usr/local'``. The returned string points into static storage; the "
"caller should not modify its value. This corresponds to the :makevar:"
"`exec_prefix` variable in the top-level :file:`Makefile` and the ``--exec-"
"prefix`` argument to the :program:`configure` script at build time. The "
"value is available to Python code as ``sys.exec_prefix``. It is only useful "
"on Unix."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Background: The exec-prefix differs from the prefix when platform dependent "
"files (such as executables and shared libraries) are installed in a "
"different directory tree. In a typical installation, platform dependent "
"files may be installed in the :file:`/usr/local/plat` subtree while platform "
"independent may be installed in :file:`/usr/local`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Generally speaking, a platform is a combination of hardware and software "
"families, e.g. Sparc machines running the Solaris 2.x operating system are "
"considered the same platform, but Intel machines running Solaris 2.x are "
"another platform, and Intel machines running Linux are yet another "
"platform. Different major revisions of the same operating system generally "
"also form different platforms. Non-Unix operating systems are a different "
"story; the installation strategies on those systems are so different that "
"the prefix and exec-prefix are meaningless, and set to the empty string. "
"Note that compiled Python bytecode files are platform independent (but not "
"independent from the Python version by which they were compiled!)."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"System administrators will know how to configure the :program:`mount` or :"
"program:`automount` programs to share :file:`/usr/local` between platforms "
"while having :file:`/usr/local/plat` be a different filesystem for each "
"platform."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the full program name of the Python executable; this is computed as "
"a side-effect of deriving the default module search path from the program "
"name (set by :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` above). The returned string points "
"into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. The value is "
"available to Python code as ``sys.executable``."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the default module search path; this is computed from the program "
"name (set by :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` above) and some environment "
"variables. The returned string consists of a series of directory names "
"separated by a platform dependent delimiter character. The delimiter "
"character is ``':'`` on Unix and macOS, ``';'`` on Windows. The returned "
"string points into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. "
"The list :data:`sys.path` is initialized with this value on interpreter "
"startup; it can be (and usually is) modified later to change the search path "
"for loading modules."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set the default module search path. If this function is called before :c:"
"func:`Py_Initialize`, then :c:func:`Py_GetPath` won't attempt to compute a "
"default search path but uses the one provided instead. This is useful if "
"Python is embedded by an application that has full knowledge of the location "
"of all modules. The path components should be separated by the platform "
"dependent delimiter character, which is ``':'`` on Unix and macOS, ``';'`` "
"on Windows."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This also causes :data:`sys.executable` to be set to the program full path "
"(see :c:func:`Py_GetProgramFullPath`) and for :data:`sys.prefix` and :data:"
"`sys.exec_prefix` to be empty. It is up to the caller to modify these if "
"required after calling :c:func:`Py_Initialize`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The path argument is copied internally, so the caller may free it after the "
"call completes."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The program full path is now used for :data:`sys.executable`, instead of the "
"program name."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the version of this Python interpreter. This is a string that looks "
"something like ::"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The first word (up to the first space character) is the current Python "
"version; the first characters are the major and minor version separated by a "
"period. The returned string points into static storage; the caller should "
"not modify its value. The value is available to Python code as :data:`sys."
"version`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the platform identifier for the current platform. On Unix, this is "
"formed from the \"official\" name of the operating system, converted to "
"lower case, followed by the major revision number; e.g., for Solaris 2.x, "
"which is also known as SunOS 5.x, the value is ``'sunos5'``. On macOS, it "
"is ``'darwin'``. On Windows, it is ``'win'``. The returned string points "
"into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. The value is "
"available to Python code as ``sys.platform``."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the official copyright string for the current Python version, for "
"example"
msgstr ""
msgid "``'Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam'``"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The returned string points into static storage; the caller should not modify "
"its value. The value is available to Python code as ``sys.copyright``."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return an indication of the compiler used to build the current Python "
"version, in square brackets, for example::"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The returned string points into static storage; the caller should not modify "
"its value. The value is available to Python code as part of the variable "
"``sys.version``."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return information about the sequence number and build date and time of the "
"current Python interpreter instance, for example ::"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set :data:`sys.argv` based on *argc* and *argv*. These parameters are "
"similar to those passed to the program's :c:func:`main` function with the "
"difference that the first entry should refer to the script file to be "
"executed rather than the executable hosting the Python interpreter. If "
"there isn't a script that will be run, the first entry in *argv* can be an "
"empty string. If this function fails to initialize :data:`sys.argv`, a "
"fatal condition is signalled using :c:func:`Py_FatalError`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If *updatepath* is zero, this is all the function does. If *updatepath* is "
"non-zero, the function also modifies :data:`sys.path` according to the "
"following algorithm:"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If the name of an existing script is passed in ``argv[0]``, the absolute "
"path of the directory where the script is located is prepended to :data:`sys."
"path`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Otherwise (that is, if *argc* is ``0`` or ``argv[0]`` doesn't point to an "
"existing file name), an empty string is prepended to :data:`sys.path`, which "
"is the same as prepending the current working directory (``\".\"``)."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"It is recommended that applications embedding the Python interpreter for "
"purposes other than executing a single script pass ``0`` as *updatepath*, "
"and update :data:`sys.path` themselves if desired. See `CVE-2008-5983 "
"<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-5983>`_."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"On versions before 3.1.3, you can achieve the same effect by manually "
"popping the first :data:`sys.path` element after having called :c:func:"
"`PySys_SetArgv`, for example using::"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function works like :c:func:`PySys_SetArgvEx` with *updatepath* set to "
"``1`` unless the :program:`python` interpreter was started with the :option:"
"`-I`."
msgstr ""
msgid "The *updatepath* value depends on :option:`-I`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Set the default \"home\" directory, that is, the location of the standard "
"Python libraries. See :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` for the meaning of the argument "
"string."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The argument should point to a zero-terminated character string in static "
"storage whose contents will not change for the duration of the program's "
"execution. No code in the Python interpreter will change the contents of "
"this storage."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the default \"home\", that is, the value set by a previous call to :c:"
"func:`Py_SetPythonHome`, or the value of the :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` "
"environment variable if it is set."
msgstr ""
msgid "Thread State and the Global Interpreter Lock"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The Python interpreter is not fully thread-safe. In order to support multi-"
"threaded Python programs, there's a global lock, called the :term:`global "
"interpreter lock` or :term:`GIL`, that must be held by the current thread "
"before it can safely access Python objects. Without the lock, even the "
"simplest operations could cause problems in a multi-threaded program: for "
"example, when two threads simultaneously increment the reference count of "
"the same object, the reference count could end up being incremented only "
"once instead of twice."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Therefore, the rule exists that only the thread that has acquired the :term:"
"`GIL` may operate on Python objects or call Python/C API functions. In order "
"to emulate concurrency of execution, the interpreter regularly tries to "
"switch threads (see :func:`sys.setswitchinterval`). The lock is also "
"released around potentially blocking I/O operations like reading or writing "
"a file, so that other Python threads can run in the meantime."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The Python interpreter keeps some thread-specific bookkeeping information "
"inside a data structure called :c:type:`PyThreadState`. There's also one "
"global variable pointing to the current :c:type:`PyThreadState`: it can be "
"retrieved using :c:func:`PyThreadState_Get`."
msgstr ""
msgid "Releasing the GIL from extension code"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Most extension code manipulating the :term:`GIL` has the following simple "
"structure::"
msgstr ""
msgid "This is so common that a pair of macros exists to simplify it::"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The :c:macro:`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` macro opens a new block and declares a "
"hidden local variable; the :c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` macro closes the "
"block."
msgstr ""
msgid "The block above expands to the following code::"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Here is how these functions work: the global interpreter lock is used to "
"protect the pointer to the current thread state. When releasing the lock "
"and saving the thread state, the current thread state pointer must be "
"retrieved before the lock is released (since another thread could "
"immediately acquire the lock and store its own thread state in the global "
"variable). Conversely, when acquiring the lock and restoring the thread "
"state, the lock must be acquired before storing the thread state pointer."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Calling system I/O functions is the most common use case for releasing the "
"GIL, but it can also be useful before calling long-running computations "
"which don't need access to Python objects, such as compression or "
"cryptographic functions operating over memory buffers. For example, the "
"standard :mod:`zlib` and :mod:`hashlib` modules release the GIL when "
"compressing or hashing data."
msgstr ""
msgid "Non-Python created threads"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"When threads are created using the dedicated Python APIs (such as the :mod:"
"`threading` module), a thread state is automatically associated to them and "
"the code showed above is therefore correct. However, when threads are "
"created from C (for example by a third-party library with its own thread "
"management), they don't hold the GIL, nor is there a thread state structure "
"for them."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"If you need to call Python code from these threads (often this will be part "
"of a callback API provided by the aforementioned third-party library), you "
"must first register these threads with the interpreter by creating a thread "
"state data structure, then acquiring the GIL, and finally storing their "
"thread state pointer, before you can start using the Python/C API. When you "
"are done, you should reset the thread state pointer, release the GIL, and "
"finally free the thread state data structure."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:func:`PyGILState_Release` functions "
"do all of the above automatically. The typical idiom for calling into "
"Python from a C thread is::"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Note that the ``PyGILState_*`` functions assume there is only one global "
"interpreter (created automatically by :c:func:`Py_Initialize`). Python "
"supports the creation of additional interpreters (using :c:func:"
"`Py_NewInterpreter`), but mixing multiple interpreters and the "
"``PyGILState_*`` API is unsupported."
msgstr ""
msgid "Cautions about fork()"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Another important thing to note about threads is their behaviour in the face "
"of the C :c:func:`fork` call. On most systems with :c:func:`fork`, after a "
"process forks only the thread that issued the fork will exist. This has a "
"concrete impact both on how locks must be handled and on all stored state in "
"CPython's runtime."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The fact that only the \"current\" thread remains means any locks held by "
"other threads will never be released. Python solves this for :func:`os.fork` "
"by acquiring the locks it uses internally before the fork, and releasing "
"them afterwards. In addition, it resets any :ref:`lock-objects` in the "
"child. When extending or embedding Python, there is no way to inform Python "
"of additional (non-Python) locks that need to be acquired before or reset "
"after a fork. OS facilities such as :c:func:`pthread_atfork` would need to "
"be used to accomplish the same thing. Additionally, when extending or "
"embedding Python, calling :c:func:`fork` directly rather than through :func:"
"`os.fork` (and returning to or calling into Python) may result in a deadlock "
"by one of Python's internal locks being held by a thread that is defunct "
"after the fork. :c:func:`PyOS_AfterFork_Child` tries to reset the necessary "
"locks, but is not always able to."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The fact that all other threads go away also means that CPython's runtime "
"state there must be cleaned up properly, which :func:`os.fork` does. This "
"means finalizing all other :c:type:`PyThreadState` objects belonging to the "
"current interpreter and all other :c:type:`PyInterpreterState` objects. Due "
"to this and the special nature of the :ref:`\"main\" interpreter <sub-"
"interpreter-support>`, :c:func:`fork` should only be called in that "
"interpreter's \"main\" thread, where the CPython global runtime was "
"originally initialized. The only exception is if :c:func:`exec` will be "
"called immediately after."
msgstr ""
msgid "High-level API"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"These are the most commonly used types and functions when writing C "
"extension code, or when embedding the Python interpreter:"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This data structure represents the state shared by a number of cooperating "
"threads. Threads belonging to the same interpreter share their module "
"administration and a few other internal items. There are no public members "
"in this structure."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Threads belonging to different interpreters initially share nothing, except "
"process state like available memory, open file descriptors and such. The "
"global interpreter lock is also shared by all threads, regardless of to "
"which interpreter they belong."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This data structure represents the state of a single thread. The only "
"public data member is :attr:`interp` (:c:expr:`PyInterpreterState *`), which "
"points to this thread's interpreter state."
msgstr ""
msgid "Deprecated function which does nothing."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"In Python 3.6 and older, this function created the GIL if it didn't exist."
msgstr ""
msgid "The function now does nothing."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function is now called by :c:func:`Py_Initialize()`, so you don't have "
"to call it yourself anymore."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This function cannot be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize()` anymore."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Returns a non-zero value if :c:func:`PyEval_InitThreads` has been called. "
"This function can be called without holding the GIL, and therefore can be "
"used to avoid calls to the locking API when running single-threaded."
msgstr ""
msgid "The :term:`GIL` is now initialized by :c:func:`Py_Initialize()`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Release the global interpreter lock (if it has been created) and reset the "
"thread state to ``NULL``, returning the previous thread state (which is not "
"``NULL``). If the lock has been created, the current thread must have "
"acquired it."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Acquire the global interpreter lock (if it has been created) and set the "
"thread state to *tstate*, which must not be ``NULL``. If the lock has been "
"created, the current thread must not have acquired it, otherwise deadlock "
"ensues."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Calling this function from a thread when the runtime is finalizing will "
"terminate the thread, even if the thread was not created by Python. You can "
"use :c:func:`_Py_IsFinalizing` or :func:`sys.is_finalizing` to check if the "
"interpreter is in process of being finalized before calling this function to "
"avoid unwanted termination."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return the current thread state. The global interpreter lock must be held. "
"When the current thread state is ``NULL``, this issues a fatal error (so "
"that the caller needn't check for ``NULL``)."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Swap the current thread state with the thread state given by the argument "
"*tstate*, which may be ``NULL``. The global interpreter lock must be held "
"and is not released."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The following functions use thread-local storage, and are not compatible "
"with sub-interpreters:"
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Ensure that the current thread is ready to call the Python C API regardless "
"of the current state of Python, or of the global interpreter lock. This may "
"be called as many times as desired by a thread as long as each call is "
"matched with a call to :c:func:`PyGILState_Release`. In general, other "
"thread-related APIs may be used between :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:"
"func:`PyGILState_Release` calls as long as the thread state is restored to "
"its previous state before the Release(). For example, normal usage of the :"
"c:macro:`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` and :c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` macros "
"is acceptable."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The return value is an opaque \"handle\" to the thread state when :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_Ensure` was called, and must be passed to :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_Release` to ensure Python is left in the same state. Even though "
"recursive calls are allowed, these handles *cannot* be shared - each unique "
"call to :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` must save the handle for its call to :c:"
"func:`PyGILState_Release`."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"When the function returns, the current thread will hold the GIL and be able "
"to call arbitrary Python code. Failure is a fatal error."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Release any resources previously acquired. After this call, Python's state "
"will be the same as it was prior to the corresponding :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_Ensure` call (but generally this state will be unknown to the "
"caller, hence the use of the GILState API)."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Every call to :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` must be matched by a call to :c:"
"func:`PyGILState_Release` on the same thread."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Get the current thread state for this thread. May return ``NULL`` if no "
"GILState API has been used on the current thread. Note that the main thread "
"always has such a thread-state, even if no auto-thread-state call has been "
"made on the main thread. This is mainly a helper/diagnostic function."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"Return ``1`` if the current thread is holding the GIL and ``0`` otherwise. "
"This function can be called from any thread at any time. Only if it has had "
"its Python thread state initialized and currently is holding the GIL will it "
"return ``1``. This is mainly a helper/diagnostic function. It can be useful "
"for example in callback contexts or memory allocation functions when knowing "
"that the GIL is locked can allow the caller to perform sensitive actions or "
"otherwise behave differently."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"The following macros are normally used without a trailing semicolon; look "
"for example usage in the Python source distribution."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This macro expands to ``{ PyThreadState *_save; _save = PyEval_SaveThread();"
"``. Note that it contains an opening brace; it must be matched with a "
"following :c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` macro. See above for further "
"discussion of this macro."
msgstr ""
msgid ""
"This macro expands to ``PyEval_RestoreThread(_save); }``. Note that it "
"contains a closing brace; it must be matched with an earlier :c:macro:"
"`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` macro. See above for further discussion of this "
"macro."
msgstr ""
msgid ""