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2034 lines (1726 loc) · 67.9 KB
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# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation
# For licence information, see README file.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-03-22 22:16+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-11-29 18:22+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: FRENCH <traductions@lists.afpy.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: c-api/init.rst:8
msgid "Initialization, Finalization, and Threads"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:10
msgid "See also :ref:`Python Initialization Configuration <init-config>`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:15
msgid "Before Python Initialization"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:17
msgid ""
"In an application embedding Python, the :c:func:`Py_Initialize` function "
"must be called before using any other Python/C API functions; with the "
"exception of a few functions and the :ref:`global configuration variables "
"<global-conf-vars>`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:22
msgid ""
"The following functions can be safely called before Python is initialized:"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:24
msgid "Configuration functions:"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:26
msgid ":c:func:`PyImport_AppendInittab`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:27
msgid ":c:func:`PyImport_ExtendInittab`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:28
msgid ":c:func:`PyInitFrozenExtensions`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:29
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_SetAllocator`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:30
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_SetupDebugHooks`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:31
msgid ":c:func:`PyObject_SetArenaAllocator`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:32
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetPath`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:33
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:34
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetPythonHome`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:35
msgid ":c:func:`Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:36
msgid ":c:func:`PySys_AddWarnOption`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:37
msgid ":c:func:`PySys_AddXOption`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:38
msgid ":c:func:`PySys_ResetWarnOptions`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:40
msgid "Informative functions:"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:42
msgid ":c:func:`Py_IsInitialized`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:43
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_GetAllocator`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:44
msgid ":c:func:`PyObject_GetArenaAllocator`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:45
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetBuildInfo`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:46
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetCompiler`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:47
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetCopyright`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:48
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetPlatform`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:49
msgid ":c:func:`Py_GetVersion`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:51
#, fuzzy
msgid "Utilities:"
msgstr "Utilitaires"
#: c-api/init.rst:53
msgid ":c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:55
msgid "Memory allocators:"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:57
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`,"
#: c-api/init.rst:58
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`,"
#: c-api/init.rst:59
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`"
msgstr ":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`,"
#: c-api/init.rst:60
msgid ":c:func:`PyMem_RawFree`"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:64
msgid ""
"The following functions **should not be called** before :c:func:"
"`Py_Initialize`: :c:func:`Py_EncodeLocale`, :c:func:`Py_GetPath`, :c:func:"
"`Py_GetPrefix`, :c:func:`Py_GetExecPrefix`, :c:func:"
"`Py_GetProgramFullPath`, :c:func:`Py_GetPythonHome`, :c:func:"
"`Py_GetProgramName` and :c:func:`PyEval_InitThreads`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:74
msgid "Global configuration variables"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:76
msgid ""
"Python has variables for the global configuration to control different "
"features and options. By default, these flags are controlled by :ref:"
"`command line options <using-on-interface-options>`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:80
msgid ""
"When a flag is set by an option, the value of the flag is the number of "
"times that the option was set. For example, ``-b`` sets :c:data:"
"`Py_BytesWarningFlag` to 1 and ``-bb`` sets :c:data:`Py_BytesWarningFlag` to "
"2."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:86
msgid ""
"Issue a warning when comparing :class:`bytes` or :class:`bytearray` with :"
"class:`str` or :class:`bytes` with :class:`int`. Issue an error if greater "
"or equal to ``2``."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:90
msgid "Set by the :option:`-b` option."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:94
msgid ""
"Turn on parser debugging output (for expert only, depending on compilation "
"options)."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:97
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-d` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONDEBUG` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:102
msgid ""
"If set to non-zero, Python won't try to write ``.pyc`` files on the import "
"of source modules."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:105
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-B` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE` "
"environment variable."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:110
msgid ""
"Suppress error messages when calculating the module search path in :c:func:"
"`Py_GetPath`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:113
msgid "Private flag used by ``_freeze_importlib`` and ``frozenmain`` programs."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:117
msgid ""
"Set to ``1`` if the :envvar:`PYTHONHASHSEED` environment variable is set to "
"a non-empty string."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:120
msgid ""
"If the flag is non-zero, read the :envvar:`PYTHONHASHSEED` environment "
"variable to initialize the secret hash seed."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:125
msgid ""
"Ignore all :envvar:`PYTHON*` environment variables, e.g. :envvar:"
"`PYTHONPATH` and :envvar:`PYTHONHOME`, that might be set."
msgstr ""
"Ignore toutes les variables d'environnement :envvar:`PYTHON*` qui pourraient "
"être définies. Par exemple, :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` et :envvar:`PYTHONHOME`."
#: c-api/init.rst:128
msgid "Set by the :option:`-E` and :option:`-I` options."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:132
msgid ""
"When a script is passed as first argument or the :option:`-c` option is "
"used, enter interactive mode after executing the script or the command, even "
"when :data:`sys.stdin` does not appear to be a terminal."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:136
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-i` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONINSPECT` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:141
msgid "Set by the :option:`-i` option."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:145
msgid ""
"Run Python in isolated mode. In isolated mode :data:`sys.path` contains "
"neither the script's directory nor the user's site-packages directory."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:148
msgid "Set by the :option:`-I` option."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:154
msgid ""
"If the flag is non-zero, use the ``mbcs`` encoding instead of the UTF-8 "
"encoding for the filesystem encoding."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:157
msgid ""
"Set to ``1`` if the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING` environment "
"variable is set to a non-empty string."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:160
msgid "See :pep:`529` for more details."
msgstr "Voir la :pep:`529` pour plus d'informations."
#: c-api/init.rst:174
msgid ":ref:`Availability <availability>`: Windows."
msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité <availability>` : Windows."
#: c-api/init.rst:166
msgid ""
"If the flag is non-zero, use :class:`io.FileIO` instead of :class:"
"`WindowsConsoleIO` for :mod:`sys` standard streams."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:169
msgid ""
"Set to ``1`` if the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSSTDIO` environment variable "
"is set to a non-empty string."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:172
#, fuzzy
msgid "See :pep:`528` for more details."
msgstr "Voir la :pep:`529` pour plus d'informations."
#: c-api/init.rst:178
msgid ""
"Disable the import of the module :mod:`site` and the site-dependent "
"manipulations of :data:`sys.path` that it entails. Also disable these "
"manipulations if :mod:`site` is explicitly imported later (call :func:`site."
"main` if you want them to be triggered)."
msgstr ""
"Désactive l’importation du module :mod:`site` et les modifications locales "
"de :data:`sys.path` qu’il implique. Désactive aussi ces manipulations si :"
"mod:`site` est importé explicitement plus tard (appelez :func:`site.main` si "
"vous voulez les déclencher)."
#: c-api/init.rst:183
msgid "Set by the :option:`-S` option."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:187
msgid ""
"Don't add the :data:`user site-packages directory <site.USER_SITE>` to :data:"
"`sys.path`."
msgstr ""
"N'ajoute pas le répertoire utilisateur :data:`site-packages <site."
"USER_SITE>` à :data:`sys.path`."
#: c-api/init.rst:190
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-s` and :option:`-I` options, and the :envvar:"
"`PYTHONNOUSERSITE` environment variable."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:195
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-O` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONOPTIMIZE` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:200
msgid ""
"Don't display the copyright and version messages even in interactive mode."
msgstr "N'affiche pas le copyright et la version, même en mode interactif."
#: c-api/init.rst:202
msgid "Set by the :option:`-q` option."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:208
msgid "Force the stdout and stderr streams to be unbuffered."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:210
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-u` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONUNBUFFERED` "
"environment variable."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:215
msgid ""
"Print a message each time a module is initialized, showing the place "
"(filename or built-in module) from which it is loaded. If greater or equal "
"to ``2``, print a message for each file that is checked for when searching "
"for a module. Also provides information on module cleanup at exit."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:220
msgid ""
"Set by the :option:`-v` option and the :envvar:`PYTHONVERBOSE` environment "
"variable."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:225
msgid "Initializing and finalizing the interpreter"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:243
msgid ""
"Initialize the Python interpreter. In an application embedding Python, "
"this should be called before using any other Python/C API functions; see :"
"ref:`Before Python Initialization <pre-init-safe>` for the few exceptions."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:247
msgid ""
"This initializes the table of loaded modules (``sys.modules``), and creates "
"the fundamental modules :mod:`builtins`, :mod:`__main__` and :mod:`sys`. It "
"also initializes the module search path (``sys.path``). It does not set "
"``sys.argv``; use :c:func:`PySys_SetArgvEx` for that. This is a no-op when "
"called for a second time (without calling :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` first). "
"There is no return value; it is a fatal error if the initialization fails."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:256
msgid ""
"On Windows, changes the console mode from ``O_TEXT`` to ``O_BINARY``, which "
"will also affect non-Python uses of the console using the C Runtime."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:262
msgid ""
"This function works like :c:func:`Py_Initialize` if *initsigs* is ``1``. If "
"*initsigs* is ``0``, it skips initialization registration of signal "
"handlers, which might be useful when Python is embedded."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:269
msgid ""
"Return true (nonzero) when the Python interpreter has been initialized, "
"false (zero) if not. After :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` is called, this returns "
"false until :c:func:`Py_Initialize` is called again."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:276
msgid ""
"Undo all initializations made by :c:func:`Py_Initialize` and subsequent use "
"of Python/C API functions, and destroy all sub-interpreters (see :c:func:"
"`Py_NewInterpreter` below) that were created and not yet destroyed since the "
"last call to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`. Ideally, this frees all memory "
"allocated by the Python interpreter. This is a no-op when called for a "
"second time (without calling :c:func:`Py_Initialize` again first). Normally "
"the return value is ``0``. If there were errors during finalization "
"(flushing buffered data), ``-1`` is returned."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:285
msgid ""
"This function is provided for a number of reasons. An embedding application "
"might want to restart Python without having to restart the application "
"itself. An application that has loaded the Python interpreter from a "
"dynamically loadable library (or DLL) might want to free all memory "
"allocated by Python before unloading the DLL. During a hunt for memory leaks "
"in an application a developer might want to free all memory allocated by "
"Python before exiting from the application."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:293
msgid ""
"**Bugs and caveats:** The destruction of modules and objects in modules is "
"done in random order; this may cause destructors (:meth:`__del__` methods) "
"to fail when they depend on other objects (even functions) or modules. "
"Dynamically loaded extension modules loaded by Python are not unloaded. "
"Small amounts of memory allocated by the Python interpreter may not be freed "
"(if you find a leak, please report it). Memory tied up in circular "
"references between objects is not freed. Some memory allocated by extension "
"modules may not be freed. Some extensions may not work properly if their "
"initialization routine is called more than once; this can happen if an "
"application calls :c:func:`Py_Initialize` and :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` more "
"than once."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:304
msgid ""
"Raises an :ref:`auditing event <auditing>` ``cpython."
"_PySys_ClearAuditHooks`` with no arguments."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:310
msgid ""
"This is a backwards-compatible version of :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` that "
"disregards the return value."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:315
msgid "Process-wide parameters"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:325
msgid ""
"This function should be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize`, if it is "
"called at all. It specifies which encoding and error handling to use with "
"standard IO, with the same meanings as in :func:`str.encode`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:329
msgid ""
"It overrides :envvar:`PYTHONIOENCODING` values, and allows embedding code to "
"control IO encoding when the environment variable does not work."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:332
msgid ""
"*encoding* and/or *errors* may be ``NULL`` to use :envvar:`PYTHONIOENCODING` "
"and/or default values (depending on other settings)."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:336
msgid ""
"Note that :data:`sys.stderr` always uses the \"backslashreplace\" error "
"handler, regardless of this (or any other) setting."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:339
msgid ""
"If :c:func:`Py_FinalizeEx` is called, this function will need to be called "
"again in order to affect subsequent calls to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:342
msgid ""
"Returns ``0`` if successful, a nonzero value on error (e.g. calling after "
"the interpreter has already been initialized)."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:355
msgid ""
"This function should be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize` is called for "
"the first time, if it is called at all. It tells the interpreter the value "
"of the ``argv[0]`` argument to the :c:func:`main` function of the program "
"(converted to wide characters). This is used by :c:func:`Py_GetPath` and "
"some other functions below to find the Python run-time libraries relative to "
"the interpreter executable. The default value is ``'python'``. The "
"argument should point to a zero-terminated wide character string in static "
"storage whose contents will not change for the duration of the program's "
"execution. No code in the Python interpreter will change the contents of "
"this storage."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:480 c-api/init.rst:613 c-api/init.rst:630
msgid ""
"Use :c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale` to decode a bytes string to get a :c:type:"
"`wchar_*` string."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:374
msgid ""
"Return the program name set with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`, or the "
"default. The returned string points into static storage; the caller should "
"not modify its value."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:381
msgid ""
"Return the *prefix* for installed platform-independent files. This is "
"derived through a number of complicated rules from the program name set "
"with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` and some environment variables; for "
"example, if the program name is ``'/usr/local/bin/python'``, the prefix is "
"``'/usr/local'``. The returned string points into static storage; the caller "
"should not modify its value. This corresponds to the :makevar:`prefix` "
"variable in the top-level :file:`Makefile` and the ``--prefix`` argument to "
"the :program:`configure` script at build time. The value is available to "
"Python code as ``sys.prefix``. It is only useful on Unix. See also the next "
"function."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:394
msgid ""
"Return the *exec-prefix* for installed platform-*dependent* files. This is "
"derived through a number of complicated rules from the program name set "
"with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` and some environment variables; for "
"example, if the program name is ``'/usr/local/bin/python'``, the exec-prefix "
"is ``'/usr/local'``. The returned string points into static storage; the "
"caller should not modify its value. This corresponds to the :makevar:"
"`exec_prefix` variable in the top-level :file:`Makefile` and the ``--exec-"
"prefix`` argument to the :program:`configure` script at build time. The "
"value is available to Python code as ``sys.exec_prefix``. It is only useful "
"on Unix."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:404
msgid ""
"Background: The exec-prefix differs from the prefix when platform dependent "
"files (such as executables and shared libraries) are installed in a "
"different directory tree. In a typical installation, platform dependent "
"files may be installed in the :file:`/usr/local/plat` subtree while platform "
"independent may be installed in :file:`/usr/local`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:410
msgid ""
"Generally speaking, a platform is a combination of hardware and software "
"families, e.g. Sparc machines running the Solaris 2.x operating system are "
"considered the same platform, but Intel machines running Solaris 2.x are "
"another platform, and Intel machines running Linux are yet another "
"platform. Different major revisions of the same operating system generally "
"also form different platforms. Non-Unix operating systems are a different "
"story; the installation strategies on those systems are so different that "
"the prefix and exec-prefix are meaningless, and set to the empty string. "
"Note that compiled Python bytecode files are platform independent (but not "
"independent from the Python version by which they were compiled!)."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:421
msgid ""
"System administrators will know how to configure the :program:`mount` or :"
"program:`automount` programs to share :file:`/usr/local` between platforms "
"while having :file:`/usr/local/plat` be a different filesystem for each "
"platform."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:433
msgid ""
"Return the full program name of the Python executable; this is computed as "
"a side-effect of deriving the default module search path from the program "
"name (set by :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` above). The returned string points "
"into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. The value is "
"available to Python code as ``sys.executable``."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:447
msgid ""
"Return the default module search path; this is computed from the program "
"name (set by :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` above) and some environment "
"variables. The returned string consists of a series of directory names "
"separated by a platform dependent delimiter character. The delimiter "
"character is ``':'`` on Unix and macOS, ``';'`` on Windows. The returned "
"string points into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. "
"The list :data:`sys.path` is initialized with this value on interpreter "
"startup; it can be (and usually is) modified later to change the search path "
"for loading modules."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:467
msgid ""
"Set the default module search path. If this function is called before :c:"
"func:`Py_Initialize`, then :c:func:`Py_GetPath` won't attempt to compute a "
"default search path but uses the one provided instead. This is useful if "
"Python is embedded by an application that has full knowledge of the location "
"of all modules. The path components should be separated by the platform "
"dependent delimiter character, which is ``':'`` on Unix and macOS, ``';'`` "
"on Windows."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:475
msgid ""
"This also causes :data:`sys.executable` to be set to the program full path "
"(see :c:func:`Py_GetProgramFullPath`) and for :data:`sys.prefix` and :data:"
"`sys.exec_prefix` to be empty. It is up to the caller to modify these if "
"required after calling :c:func:`Py_Initialize`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:483
msgid ""
"The path argument is copied internally, so the caller may free it after the "
"call completes."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:486
msgid ""
"The program full path is now used for :data:`sys.executable`, instead of the "
"program name."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:493
msgid ""
"Return the version of this Python interpreter. This is a string that looks "
"something like ::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:500
msgid ""
"The first word (up to the first space character) is the current Python "
"version; the first characters are the major and minor version separated by a "
"period. The returned string points into static storage; the caller should "
"not modify its value. The value is available to Python code as :data:`sys."
"version`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:510
msgid ""
"Return the platform identifier for the current platform. On Unix, this is "
"formed from the \"official\" name of the operating system, converted to "
"lower case, followed by the major revision number; e.g., for Solaris 2.x, "
"which is also known as SunOS 5.x, the value is ``'sunos5'``. On macOS, it "
"is ``'darwin'``. On Windows, it is ``'win'``. The returned string points "
"into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. The value is "
"available to Python code as ``sys.platform``."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:521
msgid ""
"Return the official copyright string for the current Python version, for "
"example"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:523
msgid "``'Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam'``"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:527
msgid ""
"The returned string points into static storage; the caller should not modify "
"its value. The value is available to Python code as ``sys.copyright``."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:533
msgid ""
"Return an indication of the compiler used to build the current Python "
"version, in square brackets, for example::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:554
msgid ""
"The returned string points into static storage; the caller should not modify "
"its value. The value is available to Python code as part of the variable "
"``sys.version``."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:547
msgid ""
"Return information about the sequence number and build date and time of the "
"current Python interpreter instance, for example ::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:566
msgid ""
"Set :data:`sys.argv` based on *argc* and *argv*. These parameters are "
"similar to those passed to the program's :c:func:`main` function with the "
"difference that the first entry should refer to the script file to be "
"executed rather than the executable hosting the Python interpreter. If "
"there isn't a script that will be run, the first entry in *argv* can be an "
"empty string. If this function fails to initialize :data:`sys.argv`, a "
"fatal condition is signalled using :c:func:`Py_FatalError`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:574
msgid ""
"If *updatepath* is zero, this is all the function does. If *updatepath* is "
"non-zero, the function also modifies :data:`sys.path` according to the "
"following algorithm:"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:578
msgid ""
"If the name of an existing script is passed in ``argv[0]``, the absolute "
"path of the directory where the script is located is prepended to :data:`sys."
"path`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:581
msgid ""
"Otherwise (that is, if *argc* is ``0`` or ``argv[0]`` doesn't point to an "
"existing file name), an empty string is prepended to :data:`sys.path`, which "
"is the same as prepending the current working directory (``\".\"``)."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:590
msgid ""
"It is recommended that applications embedding the Python interpreter for "
"purposes other than executing a single script pass ``0`` as *updatepath*, "
"and update :data:`sys.path` themselves if desired. See `CVE-2008-5983 "
"<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-5983>`_."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:595
msgid ""
"On versions before 3.1.3, you can achieve the same effect by manually "
"popping the first :data:`sys.path` element after having called :c:func:"
"`PySys_SetArgv`, for example using::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:609
msgid ""
"This function works like :c:func:`PySys_SetArgvEx` with *updatepath* set to "
"``1`` unless the :program:`python` interpreter was started with the :option:"
"`-I`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:616
msgid "The *updatepath* value depends on :option:`-I`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:621
msgid ""
"Set the default \"home\" directory, that is, the location of the standard "
"Python libraries. See :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` for the meaning of the argument "
"string."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:625
msgid ""
"The argument should point to a zero-terminated character string in static "
"storage whose contents will not change for the duration of the program's "
"execution. No code in the Python interpreter will change the contents of "
"this storage."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:636
msgid ""
"Return the default \"home\", that is, the value set by a previous call to :c:"
"func:`Py_SetPythonHome`, or the value of the :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` "
"environment variable if it is set."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:644
msgid "Thread State and the Global Interpreter Lock"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:651
msgid ""
"The Python interpreter is not fully thread-safe. In order to support multi-"
"threaded Python programs, there's a global lock, called the :term:`global "
"interpreter lock` or :term:`GIL`, that must be held by the current thread "
"before it can safely access Python objects. Without the lock, even the "
"simplest operations could cause problems in a multi-threaded program: for "
"example, when two threads simultaneously increment the reference count of "
"the same object, the reference count could end up being incremented only "
"once instead of twice."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:661
msgid ""
"Therefore, the rule exists that only the thread that has acquired the :term:"
"`GIL` may operate on Python objects or call Python/C API functions. In order "
"to emulate concurrency of execution, the interpreter regularly tries to "
"switch threads (see :func:`sys.setswitchinterval`). The lock is also "
"released around potentially blocking I/O operations like reading or writing "
"a file, so that other Python threads can run in the meantime."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:672
msgid ""
"The Python interpreter keeps some thread-specific bookkeeping information "
"inside a data structure called :c:type:`PyThreadState`. There's also one "
"global variable pointing to the current :c:type:`PyThreadState`: it can be "
"retrieved using :c:func:`PyThreadState_Get`."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:678
msgid "Releasing the GIL from extension code"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:680
msgid ""
"Most extension code manipulating the :term:`GIL` has the following simple "
"structure::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:689
msgid "This is so common that a pair of macros exists to simplify it::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:699
msgid ""
"The :c:macro:`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` macro opens a new block and declares a "
"hidden local variable; the :c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` macro closes the "
"block."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:703
msgid "The block above expands to the following code::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:715
msgid ""
"Here is how these functions work: the global interpreter lock is used to "
"protect the pointer to the current thread state. When releasing the lock "
"and saving the thread state, the current thread state pointer must be "
"retrieved before the lock is released (since another thread could "
"immediately acquire the lock and store its own thread state in the global "
"variable). Conversely, when acquiring the lock and restoring the thread "
"state, the lock must be acquired before storing the thread state pointer."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:724
msgid ""
"Calling system I/O functions is the most common use case for releasing the "
"GIL, but it can also be useful before calling long-running computations "
"which don't need access to Python objects, such as compression or "
"cryptographic functions operating over memory buffers. For example, the "
"standard :mod:`zlib` and :mod:`hashlib` modules release the GIL when "
"compressing or hashing data."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:735
msgid "Non-Python created threads"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:737
msgid ""
"When threads are created using the dedicated Python APIs (such as the :mod:"
"`threading` module), a thread state is automatically associated to them and "
"the code showed above is therefore correct. However, when threads are "
"created from C (for example by a third-party library with its own thread "
"management), they don't hold the GIL, nor is there a thread state structure "
"for them."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:744
msgid ""
"If you need to call Python code from these threads (often this will be part "
"of a callback API provided by the aforementioned third-party library), you "
"must first register these threads with the interpreter by creating a thread "
"state data structure, then acquiring the GIL, and finally storing their "
"thread state pointer, before you can start using the Python/C API. When you "
"are done, you should reset the thread state pointer, release the GIL, and "
"finally free the thread state data structure."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:752
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:func:`PyGILState_Release` functions "
"do all of the above automatically. The typical idiom for calling into "
"Python from a C thread is::"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:766
msgid ""
"Note that the :c:func:`PyGILState_\\*` functions assume there is only one "
"global interpreter (created automatically by :c:func:`Py_Initialize`). "
"Python supports the creation of additional interpreters (using :c:func:"
"`Py_NewInterpreter`), but mixing multiple interpreters and the :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_\\*` API is unsupported."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:776
msgid "Cautions about fork()"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:778
msgid ""
"Another important thing to note about threads is their behaviour in the face "
"of the C :c:func:`fork` call. On most systems with :c:func:`fork`, after a "
"process forks only the thread that issued the fork will exist. This has a "
"concrete impact both on how locks must be handled and on all stored state in "
"CPython's runtime."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:784
msgid ""
"The fact that only the \"current\" thread remains means any locks held by "
"other threads will never be released. Python solves this for :func:`os.fork` "
"by acquiring the locks it uses internally before the fork, and releasing "
"them afterwards. In addition, it resets any :ref:`lock-objects` in the "
"child. When extending or embedding Python, there is no way to inform Python "
"of additional (non-Python) locks that need to be acquired before or reset "
"after a fork. OS facilities such as :c:func:`pthread_atfork` would need to "
"be used to accomplish the same thing. Additionally, when extending or "
"embedding Python, calling :c:func:`fork` directly rather than through :func:"
"`os.fork` (and returning to or calling into Python) may result in a deadlock "
"by one of Python's internal locks being held by a thread that is defunct "
"after the fork. :c:func:`PyOS_AfterFork_Child` tries to reset the necessary "
"locks, but is not always able to."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:799
msgid ""
"The fact that all other threads go away also means that CPython's runtime "
"state there must be cleaned up properly, which :func:`os.fork` does. This "
"means finalizing all other :c:type:`PyThreadState` objects belonging to the "
"current interpreter and all other :c:type:`PyInterpreterState` objects. Due "
"to this and the special nature of the :ref:`\"main\" interpreter <sub-"
"interpreter-support>`, :c:func:`fork` should only be called in that "
"interpreter's \"main\" thread, where the CPython global runtime was "
"originally initialized. The only exception is if :c:func:`exec` will be "
"called immediately after."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:812
#, fuzzy
msgid "High-level API"
msgstr "Bibliothèques de haut-niveau"
#: c-api/init.rst:814
msgid ""
"These are the most commonly used types and functions when writing C "
"extension code, or when embedding the Python interpreter:"
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:819
msgid ""
"This data structure represents the state shared by a number of cooperating "
"threads. Threads belonging to the same interpreter share their module "
"administration and a few other internal items. There are no public members "
"in this structure."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:824
msgid ""
"Threads belonging to different interpreters initially share nothing, except "
"process state like available memory, open file descriptors and such. The "
"global interpreter lock is also shared by all threads, regardless of to "
"which interpreter they belong."
msgstr ""
#: c-api/init.rst:832
msgid ""