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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2025, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
# Translators:
# Alireza Shabani (Revisto) <theRevisto@gmail.com>, 2025
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.13\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-02-14 14:17+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-06-28 00:53+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Alireza Shabani (Revisto) <theRevisto@gmail.com>, 2025\n"
"Language-Team: Persian (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/fa/)\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Language: fa\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:5
msgid "Enum HOWTO"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:11
msgid ""
"An :class:`Enum` is a set of symbolic names bound to unique values. They "
"are similar to global variables, but they offer a more useful :func:`repr`, "
"grouping, type-safety, and a few other features."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:15
msgid ""
"They are most useful when you have a variable that can take one of a limited"
" selection of values. For example, the days of the week::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:18
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum\n"
">>> class Weekday(Enum):\n"
"... MONDAY = 1\n"
"... TUESDAY = 2\n"
"... WEDNESDAY = 3\n"
"... THURSDAY = 4\n"
"... FRIDAY = 5\n"
"... SATURDAY = 6\n"
"... SUNDAY = 7"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:28
msgid "Or perhaps the RGB primary colors::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:30
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum\n"
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"... RED = 1\n"
"... GREEN = 2\n"
"... BLUE = 3"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:36
msgid ""
"As you can see, creating an :class:`Enum` is as simple as writing a class "
"that inherits from :class:`Enum` itself."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:39
msgid "Case of Enum Members"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:41
msgid ""
"Because Enums are used to represent constants, and to help avoid issues with"
" name clashes between mixin-class methods/attributes and enum names, we "
"strongly recommend using UPPER_CASE names for members, and will be using "
"that style in our examples."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:46
msgid ""
"Depending on the nature of the enum a member's value may or may not be "
"important, but either way that value can be used to get the corresponding "
"member::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:50
msgid ""
">>> Weekday(3)\n"
"<Weekday.WEDNESDAY: 3>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:53
msgid ""
"As you can see, the ``repr()`` of a member shows the enum name, the member "
"name, and the value. The ``str()`` of a member shows only the enum name and"
" member name::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:57
msgid ""
">>> print(Weekday.THURSDAY)\n"
"Weekday.THURSDAY"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:60
msgid "The *type* of an enumeration member is the enum it belongs to::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:62
msgid ""
">>> type(Weekday.MONDAY)\n"
"<enum 'Weekday'>\n"
">>> isinstance(Weekday.FRIDAY, Weekday)\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:67
msgid ""
"Enum members have an attribute that contains just their :attr:`!name`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:69
msgid ""
">>> print(Weekday.TUESDAY.name)\n"
"TUESDAY"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:72
msgid "Likewise, they have an attribute for their :attr:`!value`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:75
msgid ""
">>> Weekday.WEDNESDAY.value\n"
"3"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:78
msgid ""
"Unlike many languages that treat enumerations solely as name/value pairs, "
"Python Enums can have behavior added. For example, :class:`datetime.date` "
"has two methods for returning the weekday: :meth:`~datetime.date.weekday` "
"and :meth:`~datetime.date.isoweekday`. The difference is that one of them "
"counts from 0-6 and the other from 1-7. Rather than keep track of that "
"ourselves we can add a method to the :class:`!Weekday` enum to extract the "
"day from the :class:`~datetime.date` instance and return the matching enum "
"member::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:87
msgid ""
"@classmethod\n"
"def from_date(cls, date):\n"
" return cls(date.isoweekday())"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:91
msgid "The complete :class:`!Weekday` enum now looks like this::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:93
msgid ""
">>> class Weekday(Enum):\n"
"... MONDAY = 1\n"
"... TUESDAY = 2\n"
"... WEDNESDAY = 3\n"
"... THURSDAY = 4\n"
"... FRIDAY = 5\n"
"... SATURDAY = 6\n"
"... SUNDAY = 7\n"
"... #\n"
"... @classmethod\n"
"... def from_date(cls, date):\n"
"... return cls(date.isoweekday())"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:106
msgid "Now we can find out what today is! Observe::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:108
msgid ""
">>> from datetime import date\n"
">>> Weekday.from_date(date.today()) \n"
"<Weekday.TUESDAY: 2>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:112
msgid ""
"Of course, if you're reading this on some other day, you'll see that day "
"instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:114
msgid ""
"This :class:`!Weekday` enum is great if our variable only needs one day, but"
" what if we need several? Maybe we're writing a function to plot chores "
"during a week, and don't want to use a :class:`list` -- we could use a "
"different type of :class:`Enum`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:119
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Flag\n"
">>> class Weekday(Flag):\n"
"... MONDAY = 1\n"
"... TUESDAY = 2\n"
"... WEDNESDAY = 4\n"
"... THURSDAY = 8\n"
"... FRIDAY = 16\n"
"... SATURDAY = 32\n"
"... SUNDAY = 64"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:129
msgid ""
"We've changed two things: we're inherited from :class:`Flag`, and the values"
" are all powers of 2."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:132
msgid ""
"Just like the original :class:`!Weekday` enum above, we can have a single "
"selection::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:134
msgid ""
">>> first_week_day = Weekday.MONDAY\n"
">>> first_week_day\n"
"<Weekday.MONDAY: 1>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:138
msgid ""
"But :class:`Flag` also allows us to combine several members into a single "
"variable::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:141
msgid ""
">>> weekend = Weekday.SATURDAY | Weekday.SUNDAY\n"
">>> weekend\n"
"<Weekday.SATURDAY|SUNDAY: 96>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:145
msgid "You can even iterate over a :class:`Flag` variable::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:147
msgid ""
">>> for day in weekend:\n"
"... print(day)\n"
"Weekday.SATURDAY\n"
"Weekday.SUNDAY"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:152
msgid "Okay, let's get some chores set up::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:154
msgid ""
">>> chores_for_ethan = {\n"
"... 'feed the cat': Weekday.MONDAY | Weekday.WEDNESDAY | Weekday.FRIDAY,\n"
"... 'do the dishes': Weekday.TUESDAY | Weekday.THURSDAY,\n"
"... 'answer SO questions': Weekday.SATURDAY,\n"
"... }"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:160
msgid "And a function to display the chores for a given day::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:162
msgid ""
">>> def show_chores(chores, day):\n"
"... for chore, days in chores.items():\n"
"... if day in days:\n"
"... print(chore)\n"
"...\n"
">>> show_chores(chores_for_ethan, Weekday.SATURDAY)\n"
"answer SO questions"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:170
msgid ""
"In cases where the actual values of the members do not matter, you can save "
"yourself some work and use :func:`auto` for the values::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:173
msgid ""
">>> from enum import auto\n"
">>> class Weekday(Flag):\n"
"... MONDAY = auto()\n"
"... TUESDAY = auto()\n"
"... WEDNESDAY = auto()\n"
"... THURSDAY = auto()\n"
"... FRIDAY = auto()\n"
"... SATURDAY = auto()\n"
"... SUNDAY = auto()\n"
"... WEEKEND = SATURDAY | SUNDAY"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:189
msgid "Programmatic access to enumeration members and their attributes"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:191
msgid ""
"Sometimes it's useful to access members in enumerations programmatically "
"(i.e. situations where ``Color.RED`` won't do because the exact color is not"
" known at program-writing time). ``Enum`` allows such access::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:195
msgid ""
">>> Color(1)\n"
"<Color.RED: 1>\n"
">>> Color(3)\n"
"<Color.BLUE: 3>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:200
msgid "If you want to access enum members by *name*, use item access::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:202
msgid ""
">>> Color['RED']\n"
"<Color.RED: 1>\n"
">>> Color['GREEN']\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 2>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:207
msgid ""
"If you have an enum member and need its :attr:`!name` or :attr:`!value`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:209
msgid ""
">>> member = Color.RED\n"
">>> member.name\n"
"'RED'\n"
">>> member.value\n"
"1"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:217
msgid "Duplicating enum members and values"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:219
msgid "Having two enum members with the same name is invalid::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:221
msgid ""
">>> class Shape(Enum):\n"
"... SQUARE = 2\n"
"... SQUARE = 3\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: 'SQUARE' already defined as 2"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:229
msgid ""
"However, an enum member can have other names associated with it. Given two "
"entries ``A`` and ``B`` with the same value (and ``A`` defined first), ``B``"
" is an alias for the member ``A``. By-value lookup of the value of ``A`` "
"will return the member ``A``. By-name lookup of ``A`` will return the "
"member ``A``. By-name lookup of ``B`` will also return the member ``A``::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:235
msgid ""
">>> class Shape(Enum):\n"
"... SQUARE = 2\n"
"... DIAMOND = 1\n"
"... CIRCLE = 3\n"
"... ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Shape.SQUARE\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>\n"
">>> Shape.ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>\n"
">>> Shape(2)\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:250
msgid ""
"Attempting to create a member with the same name as an already defined "
"attribute (another member, a method, etc.) or attempting to create an "
"attribute with the same name as a member is not allowed."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:256
msgid "Ensuring unique enumeration values"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:258
msgid ""
"By default, enumerations allow multiple names as aliases for the same value."
" When this behavior isn't desired, you can use the :func:`unique` "
"decorator::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:261
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum, unique\n"
">>> @unique\n"
"... class Mistake(Enum):\n"
"... ONE = 1\n"
"... TWO = 2\n"
"... THREE = 3\n"
"... FOUR = 3\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"ValueError: duplicate values found in <enum 'Mistake'>: FOUR -> THREE"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:275
msgid "Using automatic values"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:277
msgid "If the exact value is unimportant you can use :class:`auto`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:279
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum, auto\n"
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"... RED = auto()\n"
"... BLUE = auto()\n"
"... GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> [member.value for member in Color]\n"
"[1, 2, 3]"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:288
msgid ""
"The values are chosen by :func:`~Enum._generate_next_value_`, which can be "
"overridden::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:291
msgid ""
">>> class AutoName(Enum):\n"
"... @staticmethod\n"
"... def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):\n"
"... return name\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Ordinal(AutoName):\n"
"... NORTH = auto()\n"
"... SOUTH = auto()\n"
"... EAST = auto()\n"
"... WEST = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> [member.value for member in Ordinal]\n"
"['NORTH', 'SOUTH', 'EAST', 'WEST']"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:307
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~Enum._generate_next_value_` method must be defined before any "
"members."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:310
msgid "Iteration"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:312
msgid "Iterating over the members of an enum does not provide the aliases::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:314
msgid ""
">>> list(Shape)\n"
"[<Shape.SQUARE: 2>, <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>, <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>]\n"
">>> list(Weekday)\n"
"[<Weekday.MONDAY: 1>, <Weekday.TUESDAY: 2>, <Weekday.WEDNESDAY: 4>, <Weekday.THURSDAY: 8>, <Weekday.FRIDAY: 16>, <Weekday.SATURDAY: 32>, <Weekday.SUNDAY: 64>]"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:319
msgid ""
"Note that the aliases ``Shape.ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE`` and ``Weekday.WEEKEND`` "
"aren't shown."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:321
msgid ""
"The special attribute ``__members__`` is a read-only ordered mapping of "
"names to members. It includes all names defined in the enumeration, "
"including the aliases::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:325
msgid ""
">>> for name, member in Shape.__members__.items():\n"
"... name, member\n"
"...\n"
"('SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)\n"
"('DIAMOND', <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>)\n"
"('CIRCLE', <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>)\n"
"('ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:333
msgid ""
"The ``__members__`` attribute can be used for detailed programmatic access "
"to the enumeration members. For example, finding all the aliases::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:336
msgid ""
">>> [name for name, member in Shape.__members__.items() if member.name != name]\n"
"['ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE']"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:341
msgid ""
"Aliases for flags include values with multiple flags set, such as ``3``, and"
" no flags set, i.e. ``0``."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:346
msgid "Comparisons"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:348
msgid "Enumeration members are compared by identity::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:350
msgid ""
">>> Color.RED is Color.RED\n"
"True\n"
">>> Color.RED is Color.BLUE\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.RED is not Color.BLUE\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:357
msgid ""
"Ordered comparisons between enumeration values are *not* supported. Enum "
"members are not integers (but see `IntEnum`_ below)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:360
msgid ""
">>> Color.RED < Color.BLUE\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'Color' and 'Color'"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:365
msgid "Equality comparisons are defined though::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:367
msgid ""
">>> Color.BLUE == Color.RED\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.BLUE != Color.RED\n"
"True\n"
">>> Color.BLUE == Color.BLUE\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:374
msgid ""
"Comparisons against non-enumeration values will always compare not equal "
"(again, :class:`IntEnum` was explicitly designed to behave differently, see "
"below)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:378
msgid ""
">>> Color.BLUE == 2\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:383
msgid ""
"It is possible to reload modules -- if a reloaded module contains enums, "
"they will be recreated, and the new members may not compare identical/equal "
"to the original members."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:388
msgid "Allowed members and attributes of enumerations"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:390
msgid ""
"Most of the examples above use integers for enumeration values. Using "
"integers is short and handy (and provided by default by the `Functional "
"API`_), but not strictly enforced. In the vast majority of use-cases, one "
"doesn't care what the actual value of an enumeration is. But if the value "
"*is* important, enumerations can have arbitrary values."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:396
msgid ""
"Enumerations are Python classes, and can have methods and special methods as"
" usual. If we have this enumeration::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:399
msgid ""
">>> class Mood(Enum):\n"
"... FUNKY = 1\n"
"... HAPPY = 3\n"
"...\n"
"... def describe(self):\n"
"... # self is the member here\n"
"... return self.name, self.value\n"
"...\n"
"... def __str__(self):\n"
"... return 'my custom str! {0}'.format(self.value)\n"
"...\n"
"... @classmethod\n"
"... def favorite_mood(cls):\n"
"... # cls here is the enumeration\n"
"... return cls.HAPPY\n"
"..."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:416
msgid "Then::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:418
msgid ""
">>> Mood.favorite_mood()\n"
"<Mood.HAPPY: 3>\n"
">>> Mood.HAPPY.describe()\n"
"('HAPPY', 3)\n"
">>> str(Mood.FUNKY)\n"
"'my custom str! 1'"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:425
msgid ""
"The rules for what is allowed are as follows: names that start and end with "
"a single underscore are reserved by enum and cannot be used; all other "
"attributes defined within an enumeration will become members of this "
"enumeration, with the exception of special methods (:meth:`~object.__str__`,"
" :meth:`~object.__add__`, etc.), descriptors (methods are also descriptors),"
" and variable names listed in :attr:`~Enum._ignore_`."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:432
msgid ""
"Note: if your enumeration defines :meth:`~object.__new__` and/or "
":meth:`~object.__init__`, any value(s) given to the enum member will be "
"passed into those methods. See `Planet`_ for an example."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:438
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~object.__new__` method, if defined, is used during creation of "
"the Enum members; it is then replaced by Enum's :meth:`~object.__new__` "
"which is used after class creation for lookup of existing members. See "
":ref:`new-vs-init` for more details."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:445
msgid "Restricted Enum subclassing"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:447
msgid ""
"A new :class:`Enum` class must have one base enum class, up to one concrete "
"data type, and as many :class:`object`-based mixin classes as needed. The "
"order of these base classes is::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:451
msgid ""
"class EnumName([mix-in, ...,] [data-type,] base-enum):\n"
" pass"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:454
msgid ""
"Also, subclassing an enumeration is allowed only if the enumeration does not"
" define any members. So this is forbidden::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:457
msgid ""
">>> class MoreColor(Color):\n"
"... PINK = 17\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: <enum 'MoreColor'> cannot extend <enum 'Color'>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:464
msgid "But this is allowed::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:466
msgid ""
">>> class Foo(Enum):\n"
"... def some_behavior(self):\n"
"... pass\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Bar(Foo):\n"
"... HAPPY = 1\n"
"... SAD = 2\n"
"..."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:475
msgid ""
"Allowing subclassing of enums that define members would lead to a violation "
"of some important invariants of types and instances. On the other hand, it "
"makes sense to allow sharing some common behavior between a group of "
"enumerations. (See `OrderedEnum`_ for an example.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:484
msgid "Dataclass support"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:486
msgid ""
"When inheriting from a :class:`~dataclasses.dataclass`, the "
":meth:`~Enum.__repr__` omits the inherited class' name. For example::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:489
msgid ""
">>> from dataclasses import dataclass, field\n"
">>> @dataclass\n"
"... class CreatureDataMixin:\n"
"... size: str\n"
"... legs: int\n"
"... tail: bool = field(repr=False, default=True)\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Creature(CreatureDataMixin, Enum):\n"
"... BEETLE = 'small', 6\n"
"... DOG = 'medium', 4\n"
"...\n"
">>> Creature.DOG\n"
"<Creature.DOG: size='medium', legs=4>"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:503
msgid ""
"Use the :func:`~dataclasses.dataclass` argument ``repr=False`` to use the "
"standard :func:`repr`."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:506
msgid ""
"Only the dataclass fields are shown in the value area, not the dataclass' "
"name."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:512
msgid ""
"Adding :func:`~dataclasses.dataclass` decorator to :class:`Enum` and its "
"subclasses is not supported. It will not raise any errors, but it will "
"produce very strange results at runtime, such as members being equal to each"
" other::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:517
msgid ""
">>> @dataclass # don't do this: it does not make any sense\n"
"... class Color(Enum):\n"
"... RED = 1\n"
"... BLUE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.RED is Color.BLUE\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.RED == Color.BLUE # problem is here: they should not be equal\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:529
msgid "Pickling"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:531
msgid "Enumerations can be pickled and unpickled::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:533
msgid ""
">>> from test.test_enum import Fruit\n"
">>> from pickle import dumps, loads\n"
">>> Fruit.TOMATO is loads(dumps(Fruit.TOMATO))\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:538
msgid ""
"The usual restrictions for pickling apply: picklable enums must be defined "
"in the top level of a module, since unpickling requires them to be "
"importable from that module."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:544
msgid ""
"With pickle protocol version 4 it is possible to easily pickle enums nested "
"in other classes."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:547
msgid ""
"It is possible to modify how enum members are pickled/unpickled by defining "
":meth:`~object.__reduce_ex__` in the enumeration class. The default method "
"is by-value, but enums with complicated values may want to use by-name::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:551
msgid ""
">>> import enum\n"
">>> class MyEnum(enum.Enum):\n"
"... __reduce_ex__ = enum.pickle_by_enum_name"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:557
msgid ""
"Using by-name for flags is not recommended, as unnamed aliases will not "
"unpickle."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:562
msgid "Functional API"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:564
msgid ""
"The :class:`Enum` class is callable, providing the following functional "
"API::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:566
msgid ""
">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG')\n"
">>> Animal\n"
"<enum 'Animal'>\n"
">>> Animal.ANT\n"
"<Animal.ANT: 1>\n"
">>> list(Animal)\n"
"[<Animal.ANT: 1>, <Animal.BEE: 2>, <Animal.CAT: 3>, <Animal.DOG: 4>]"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:574
msgid ""
"The semantics of this API resemble :class:`~collections.namedtuple`. The "
"first argument of the call to :class:`Enum` is the name of the enumeration."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:577
msgid ""
"The second argument is the *source* of enumeration member names. It can be "
"a whitespace-separated string of names, a sequence of names, a sequence of "
"2-tuples with key/value pairs, or a mapping (e.g. dictionary) of names to "
"values. The last two options enable assigning arbitrary values to "
"enumerations; the others auto-assign increasing integers starting with 1 "
"(use the ``start`` parameter to specify a different starting value). A new "
"class derived from :class:`Enum` is returned. In other words, the above "
"assignment to :class:`!Animal` is equivalent to::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:586
msgid ""
">>> class Animal(Enum):\n"
"... ANT = 1\n"
"... BEE = 2\n"
"... CAT = 3\n"
"... DOG = 4\n"
"..."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:593
msgid ""
"The reason for defaulting to ``1`` as the starting number and not ``0`` is "
"that ``0`` is ``False`` in a boolean sense, but by default enum members all "
"evaluate to ``True``."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:597
msgid ""
"Pickling enums created with the functional API can be tricky as frame stack "
"implementation details are used to try and figure out which module the "
"enumeration is being created in (e.g. it will fail if you use a utility "
"function in a separate module, and also may not work on IronPython or "
"Jython). The solution is to specify the module name explicitly as follows::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:603
msgid ">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG', module=__name__)"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:607
msgid ""
"If ``module`` is not supplied, and Enum cannot determine what it is, the new"
" Enum members will not be unpicklable; to keep errors closer to the source, "
"pickling will be disabled."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:611
msgid ""
"The new pickle protocol 4 also, in some circumstances, relies on "
":attr:`~type.__qualname__` being set to the location where pickle will be "
"able to find the class. For example, if the class was made available in "
"class SomeData in the global scope::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:616
msgid ""
">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG', qualname='SomeData.Animal')"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:618
msgid "The complete signature is::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:620
msgid ""
"Enum(\n"
" value='NewEnumName',\n"
" names=<...>,\n"
" *,\n"
" module='...',\n"
" qualname='...',\n"
" type=<mixed-in class>,\n"
" start=1,\n"
" )"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:630
msgid "*value*: What the new enum class will record as its name."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:632
msgid ""
"*names*: The enum members. This can be a whitespace- or comma-separated "
"string (values will start at 1 unless otherwise specified)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:635
msgid "'RED GREEN BLUE' | 'RED,GREEN,BLUE' | 'RED, GREEN, BLUE'"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:637
msgid "or an iterator of names::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:639
msgid "['RED', 'GREEN', 'BLUE']"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:641
msgid "or an iterator of (name, value) pairs::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:643
msgid "[('CYAN', 4), ('MAGENTA', 5), ('YELLOW', 6)]"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:645
msgid "or a mapping::"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:647
msgid "{'CHARTREUSE': 7, 'SEA_GREEN': 11, 'ROSEMARY': 42}"
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:649
msgid "*module*: name of module where new enum class can be found."
msgstr ""
#: ../../howto/enum.rst:651